Method, apparatus and system for bandwidth authorization, storage medium and electronic device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a bandwidth authorization method, device and system, storage medium and electronic device, wherein the method comprises: obtaining data sending information of multiple data sent by an optical network unit (ONU); determining target data from the multiple data based on time information of each data; analyzing the target data to determine a data packet length, a target sending time and a target sending period of the target data; sending a target bandwidth time matching the data packet length, the target sending time and the target sending period to the ONU to instruct the ONU to send subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time. Through the present application, the problem of system bandwidth waste caused by eliminating the time delay and jitter of data sending in the related art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method, apparatus and system for bandwidth authorization, a storage medium and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] The existing uplink scheduling method in PON (Passive Optical Network) involves the OLT (Optical Line Terminal) issuing authorized time slots to the ONU (Optical Network Unit). This authorization includes the time point at which the ONU will send uplink data and the total allocated time slot length. The ONU sends uplink data to the OLT within the specified time slot using time-division bursts. If the ONU does not receive an authorization, all uplink data to be sent is buffered until a bandwidth authorization is received. This mechanism affects overall transmission latency and jitter. Periodic services, after passing through the PON system, may experience periodic delays and jitter as the buffer expires. In practice, large bandwidth or multiple transmissions are typically used to reduce latency and jitter, but this method results in bandwidth waste.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the problem of wasted system bandwidth caused by data transmission latency and jitter in related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, system, storage medium, and electronic device for bandwidth authorization, to at least solve the problem of wasted system bandwidth caused by delays and jitter in data transmission in related technologies.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a bandwidth authorization method is provided, comprising: acquiring data transmission information of a plurality of data transmitted by an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the data transmission information of each data carries time information of the ONU transmitting the data, and the plurality of data are transmitted by the ONU based on bandwidth authorization information issued by an optical line terminal (OLT); determining target data from the plurality of data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time of the ONU transmitting the target data satisfies a predetermined relationship with the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information, and the target bandwidth authorization information is bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for transmitting the target data; analyzing the target data to determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data; and sending a target bandwidth time matching the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period to the ONU to instruct the ONU to transmit subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

[0006] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a bandwidth authorization apparatus is provided, comprising: an acquisition module, configured to acquire data transmission information of multiple data transmitted by an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the data transmission information of each data carries time information of the ONU transmitting the data, and the multiple data are transmitted by the ONU based on bandwidth authorization information issued by an optical line terminal (OLT); a first determination module, configured to determine target data from the multiple data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time of the ONU transmitting the target data satisfies a predetermined relationship with the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information, and the target bandwidth authorization information is bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for transmitting the target data; a second determination module, configured to analyze the target data and determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data; and a transmission module, configured to send a target bandwidth time matching the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period to the ONU, so as to instruct the ONU to transmit subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

[0007] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a bandwidth granting system is provided, including an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the OLT includes bandwidth granting devices as described in the above embodiments.

[0008] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, wherein a computer program is stored therein, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0009] According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0010] This invention analyzes received data from the ONU to determine its transmission time and period. Based on the determined transmission time and period, the transmission time of subsequent data can be predicted, and a corresponding bandwidth authorization time can be matched for subsequent data transmission. This ensures that bandwidth authorization is granted at the time of subsequent data transmission, achieving zero latency and zero jitter in the PON uplink system. This maximizes bandwidth utilization while achieving zero latency and zero jitter in data transmission at the PON level, improving the overall communication system performance and effectively solving the problem of wasted system bandwidth caused by eliminating data transmission latency and jitter in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of business types according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a data transmission illustration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a data transmission illustration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for the bandwidth authorization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a bandwidth authorization method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of data attributes according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a system block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a data transmission illustration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0019] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of linear data recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of data clustering according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a comparison model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 12 This is an overall flowchart according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 13 This is a structural block diagram of a bandwidth licensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0026] First, the relevant technologies involved in this invention will be explained:

[0027] In PON scenarios, there are many services with relatively fixed periods and consistent packet lengths (i.e., data packet lengths). While some periodic service models are single-period, the periodic data in some systems is not necessarily single-period, exhibiting variations such as... Figure 1 The business types shown. Looking at adjacent data, there is no periodicity in the time between packets, but when viewed as a whole, Figure 1 The data shown is sent in one large cycle.

[0028] Furthermore, existing DBA (Dynamic Bandwidth Assignment) traditional functions lack mature methods for eliminating latency jitter from periodic services at the PON level, such as... Figure 2 As shown, there is a certain probability that the uplink data on the ONU side will always wait for the OLT authorization before being sent. In addition, there is also a probability that the uplink data and authorization time will coincide, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the additional latency caused by the DBA can be 0 at this time.

[0029] To address the issue of significant data latency and system jitter caused by the ONU side's uplink data always waiting for OLT authorization before transmission in related technologies, this invention utilizes the characteristic that PON system uplink data can coincide with bandwidth authorization to eliminate the additional latency caused by complex multi-cycle uplink data at the PON layer. The following explanation, using examples, illustrates how to eliminate data latency and system jitter:

[0030] The methods and embodiments provided in this application can be executed on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal, or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 4 This is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for the bandwidth authorization method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, a mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 4 Only one is shown in the diagram. A processor 402 (which may include, but is not limited to, a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and a memory 404 for storing data are also shown. The mobile terminal may further include a transmission device 406 for communication functions and an input / output device 408. Those skilled in the art will understand that... Figure 4 The structure shown is for illustrative purposes only and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal described above. For example, the mobile terminal may also include components that are more... Figure 4 The more or fewer components shown, or having the same Figure 4 The different configurations shown.

[0031] The memory 404 can be used to store computer programs, such as application software programs and modules, like the computer program corresponding to the bandwidth authorization method in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 402 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 404, thereby implementing the above-described method. The memory 404 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 404 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 402, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0032] The transmission device 406 is used to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the mobile terminal's communication provider. In one example, the transmission device 406 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 406 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, used for wireless communication with the Internet.

[0033] This embodiment provides a method for bandwidth authorization. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a bandwidth authorization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the process includes the following steps:

[0034] Step S502: Obtain data transmission information of multiple data sent by the optical network unit (ONU), wherein the data transmission information of each data carries the time information of the ONU sending the data, and the multiple data are sent by the ONU based on the bandwidth authorization information issued by the optical line terminal (OLT);

[0035] Step S504: Determine target data from multiple data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time for the ONU to send the target data satisfies a predetermined relationship with the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information, and the target bandwidth authorization information is the bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for sending the target data;

[0036] Step S506: Analyze the target data to determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data;

[0037] Step S508: Send a target bandwidth time that matches the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period to the ONU to instruct the ONU to send subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

[0038] The device performing the above operations can be an OLT, a processing module built into the OLT, a processor or processing system associated with the OLT, or other devices with similar processing capabilities.

[0039] In the above embodiments, the data transmitted by the ONU includes multiple types of data, and the transmission period for each type of data can be different. Furthermore, the data transmitted by the ONU may also include some non-periodic data. Since this application mainly predicts the subsequent transmission time information of periodically transmitted data, the non-periodic data transmitted by the ONU does not need to be considered. Additionally, when the ONU transmits uplink data, it does so based on the bandwidth grant information issued by the OLT. This bandwidth grant information, also known as the granted time slice, mainly includes the time point at which the ONU transmits uplink data and the allocated total time slice length.

[0040] In the above embodiments, the data transmission time can be determined based on the timestamp of each data. The timestamp can be a time tag added by the ONU before data transmission. Alternatively, the timestamp can be calculated by the OLT side based on information such as idle characters in the data packet.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the predetermined relationship actually means that the target time for the ONU to send the target data falls within the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information. In other words, it is necessary to filter out data whose sending time (or actual data arrival location) is consistent with the time included in the bandwidth authorization information. It should also be noted that this filtering operation can also be skipped initially and performed later during the periodic algorithm verification.

[0042] In the above embodiments, the received data from the ONU is analyzed to determine its transmission time and transmission period. Then, based on the determined transmission time and transmission period, the transmission time of subsequent data can be predicted, and the corresponding bandwidth authorization time can be matched for the transmission of subsequent data. This ensures that bandwidth authorization is performed at the time of subsequent data transmission, achieving zero latency and zero jitter in the PON uplink system. This ensures that bandwidth is utilized to the maximum extent, achieving zero latency and zero jitter in data transmission at the PON level, improving the overall performance of the communication system, and effectively solving the problem of system bandwidth waste caused by eliminating data transmission latency and jitter in related technologies.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, determining the target data from the multiple data sets based on the time information of each data set includes: obtaining the transmission time of each data set carried in the timestamp information of each data set; and determining the data whose transmission time matches the bandwidth time as the target data. In this embodiment, transmission time matching the bandwidth time actually means that the transmission time falls within the bandwidth time. Furthermore, the target data can also be other types of data (e.g., periodic data), and the selection can be based on actual needs. This method can filter out interfering data, thereby ensuring more accurate subsequent results.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, analyzing the target data to determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data includes: obtaining the transmission time, packet length, and index of the encapsulation unit to which each data is carried in the timestamp information of each data; determining the time interval between two adjacent data with the same index of the encapsulation unit based on the transmission time and packet length of each data; removing non-periodic data included in the target data based on the time interval to obtain first data; clustering the first data to obtain multiple types of periodic data; and determining the data packet length, transmission time, and transmission period of each type of periodic data.

[0045] In the above embodiments, when the ONU transmits data, it carries relevant data information in the relevant location of the data packet (e.g., the header or other parts besides the header), including but not limited to the transmission time, packet length, and the index of the encapsulation unit. The transmission time (or time information) can be mapped to a superframe + time format. A superframe (SF) is the processing unit of the PON network, measured in 125µs units. Time is divided into intra-frame time (TIME) units according to the smallest encapsulation size within 125µs. Therefore, time information in the PON system can be expressed in (SF, TIME) format. Furthermore, the aforementioned encapsulation unit is the carrier of services carried in the PON uplink direction, and can be simply referred to as TCONT. That is, PON layer service encapsulation is based on TCONTs, and each TCONT is represented by an index ALLOC-ID. Different types of data can be transmitted using different TCONTs. Both the ONU and OLT sides can use... Figure 6 The method shown records the timestamp (superframe number SF and intraframe time TIME) and packet length LEN when data needs to be sent. This information can be recorded through a timestamp module added on the ONU side or OLT side.

[0046] In an optional embodiment, removing non-periodic data from the target data based on the time interval to obtain the first data includes: filtering out data with the same time interval and identifying the data not filtered out as the non-periodic data; removing the non-periodic data from the target data to obtain the first data. That is, only data with periodic relationships are retained, and non-periodic data can be temporarily disregarded and therefore directly removed.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, clustering the first data to obtain multiple types of periodic data includes: performing linear recovery of data points based on the data characteristics of the first data; clustering the first data according to the time interval based on the linear recovery result; and determining multiple types of periodic data based on the clustering result.

[0048] In the above embodiments, when clustering the first data, clustering needs to be based on the characteristics of each data item included in the first data. These characteristics can include, but are not limited to, the data transmission time and the interval with adjacent data (which can be uniformly defined as the interval with subsequent valid data, including periodic data). For periodically transmitted data, the transmission time and the transmission interval between data items are linear, so linear recovery can be performed based on this characteristic. Furthermore, the characteristics of the data can also include other elements, such as data length, the type of data sender, etc. The specific information to consider depends on actual needs. It should also be noted that the above method of clustering periodic data after linear recovery is only one optional real-time method; in practical applications, other methods that can determine periodic data can also be used.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, linear recovery of data points based on the data characteristics of the first data includes: determining the transmission time of each data item included in the first data and the transmission time interval between it and adjacent valid data; constructing a linear relationship based on the transmission time of each data item and the transmission time interval; wherein the data characteristics include the transmission time of each data item and the transmission time interval. It should be noted that constructing a linear relationship based on the transmission time of data and the transmission time interval between adjacent data is only one example. In practical applications, other elements capable of constructing a linear relationship can also be considered, as long as they can achieve similar functionality.

[0050] In an optional embodiment, sending a target bandwidth time matching the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period to the ONU includes: obtaining the transmission time and packet length of the target data carried in the timestamp information of the target data; determining the next transmission time of the target data based on the transmission time, packet length, data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period; and determining the target bandwidth time based on the next transmission time, wherein the difference between the next transmission time and the target bandwidth time is less than a predetermined time threshold. In this embodiment, the accuracy of the calculated target transmission time can be verified based on the transmission time of the target data (i.e., the actual transmission time of the target data), and then the estimated transmission period can be adjusted based on the verification result to ensure the accuracy of the determined next transmission time.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, determining the next transmission time of the target data based on the transmission time, packet length, data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period includes: comparing the transmission time with the target transmission time to obtain a first comparison result, and comparing the packet length with the data packet length to obtain a second comparison result; verifying the accuracy of the analysis result obtained after analyzing the target data based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, wherein the analysis result includes the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period; adjusting the target transmission period based on the accuracy to obtain an adjusted target transmission period; and determining the next transmission time of the target data based on the transmission time and the adjusted target transmission period. In this embodiment, the timestamp information of the target data carries the actual transmission time and packet length of the target data. By analyzing the target data, a predicted packet length and target transmission time can be obtained. By comparing the actual packet length and the predicted packet length, and by comparing the actual transmission time and the predicted transmission time, the deviation between the prediction result and the actual result of the prediction method can be verified. Then, the target transmission period can be adjusted based on the deviation to obtain an accurate transmission period.

[0052] The present invention will now be described in its entirety with reference to specific embodiments:

[0053] To achieve bandwidth authorization at the moment of data packet arrival, this invention proposes, as follows: Figure 7 The device shown is illustrated in the diagram. A general block diagram of this system can be found here. Figure 7 In this process, after receiving bandwidth authorization from the OLT, the ONU sends periodic data. After parsing the uplink data, the OLT determines which data matches the bandwidth authorization based on the relationship between the bandwidth authorization information and the actual arrival location of the data. This data is then filtered for periodic algorithm verification, and the output of the periodic bandwidth allocation location and packet length is used to ensure that the next authorization and data transmission time are consistent, guaranteeing zero waiting time for the DBA.

[0054] The apparatus involved in this embodiment of the invention is mainly located on the OLT side, including an ONU uplink signal module, a data collection module, a periodic position prediction module, and a bandwidth calculation and distribution module. In addition, the ONU side may include a data transmission module and a receive bandwidth authorization module. The functions of each module in the OLT are described below:

[0055] ONU uplink signal module: Receives uplink data sent by the ONU.

[0056] Data collection module: responsible for parsing uplink data, filtering out data whose original bandwidth authorization and packet location (i.e., the time of data packet / data transmission) are exactly the same, recording the packet length information and timestamp information of the data, and sending it to the periodic location prediction module.

[0057] Periodic Position Prediction Module: This module uses data collected by the data collection module to perform algorithmic analysis, restoring existing timestamp information into clustered information with linear relationships (X-axis represents time, Y-axis represents the distance between adjacent valid data). Based on its data characteristics, it reconstructs the specific period of a certain periodic service and verifies the results using the obtained data until the correct period is output. The original data and the calculated period value are then output to the bandwidth calculation and distribution module for processing.

[0058] Bandwidth calculation and distribution module: Based on the acquired period and raw data, the packet length and timestamp information of the data, and the calculated period value, it predicts the bandwidth time slice required for the authorized bandwidth that matches the data in the future, and sends it to the ONU.

[0059] Step 1. The OLT receives the raw uplink data and filters it in the data collection module (i.e., the module in the OLT). For PON systems, according to the GPON family standard, time information can be mapped to a superframe + time format. A superframe (SF) is the processing unit of the PON network, measured in 125µs units. Within 125µs, time is divided into intra-frame time (TIME) units according to the smallest encapsulation. Therefore, time information in the PON system can be expressed in the format of (SF, TIME). Meanwhile, PON layer service encapsulation is based on TCONTs, and each TCONT has an index ALLOC-ID to represent it.

[0060] A new timestamp module has been added, which includes the ALLOC-ID to which the data belongs. When the data needs to be sent, its timestamp (superframe number SF and intraframe time TIME) and packet length LEN are recorded.

[0061] Step 2. In the calculation module, the acquired dataset is linearly reconstructed based on data characteristics. Because the transmitted data is periodic, the interval between adjacent valid data always follows a pattern. The acquired timestamp information (SF, TIME, LEN) is used. Taking a certain point as a reference, the time interval between two adjacent timestamps with the same ALLOC-ID is obtained. Based on the characteristics of the non-single-cycle business model, the packet interval always remains consistent within adjacent large cycles, such as... Figure 8 The delta1 and delta4 are shown in the figure.

[0062] The acquired timestamp data is filtered by packet spacing, and data with the same packet spacing is filtered out. This step can remove non-periodic data; see the appendix for details. Figure 9 .

[0063] The recovered linear characteristics are clustered according to the intervals. After clustering, periodic data points can be filtered out for further examination; see details below. The obtained periodic information can be used to recover the linear characteristics from the original data, thereby calculating the period; see appendix for details. Figure 10 .

[0064] Using the raw data and the calculated period, it is possible to... Figure 11 The model shown yields accurate periodic information. Utilizing... Figure 11 The data transmission time can be verified, that is, the accuracy of the data predicted by the embodiments of the present invention can be verified by using prior data. If it is inaccurate, further adjustments are needed to obtain accurate time data.

[0065] It should be noted that the above-mentioned algorithm is just an example of using the packet spacing characteristic. After obtaining the original data, there are other ways to obtain the period, including but not limited to this algorithm.

[0066] Step 3. Send the periodic information and raw data to the bandwidth allocation calculation module. Based on the existing data (timestamp position and packet length information) and the calculated length, the arrival position of the next periodic service is obtained, thus completing the precise allocation of bandwidth. In the PON system, the unit of authorized bandwidth is the same as the unit of the constructed structure, namely SF, TIME, ALLOCID.

[0067] Step 4. The overall step-by-step learning process of the system: After the predicted data authorization is issued, the uplink data can still be used to verify the system's zero-wait effect through the constructed timestamp structure. If there is a deviation between the expected authorization position and the packet timestamp position of the OLT-side system, the specific authorization position can be adjusted to improve the overall system stability.

[0068] A flowchart illustrating the above steps can be found in the appendix. Figure 12 .

[0069] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0070] This embodiment also provides a bandwidth authorization device for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0071] Figure 13 This is a structural block diagram of a bandwidth licensing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 13 As shown, the device includes:

[0072] The acquisition module 132 is used to acquire data transmission information of multiple data sent by the optical network unit (ONU), wherein the data transmission information of each data carries the time information of the ONU sending the data, and the multiple data are sent by the ONU based on the bandwidth authorization information issued by the optical line terminal (OLT);

[0073] The first determining module 134 is used to determine target data from multiple data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time for the ONU to send the target data and the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information satisfy a predetermined relationship, and the target bandwidth authorization information is the bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for sending the target data;

[0074] The second determining module 136 is used to analyze the target data and determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data.

[0075] The sending module 138 is used to send a target bandwidth time that matches the data packet length, the target sending time, and the target sending period to the ONU, so as to instruct the ONU to send the subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

[0076] In an optional embodiment, the first determining module 134 includes: a first acquiring unit, configured to acquire the transmission time of each data carried in the timestamp information of each data; and a first determining unit, configured to determine the data whose transmission time is consistent with the bandwidth time as the target data.

[0077] In an optional embodiment, the second determining module 136 includes: a second acquiring unit, configured to acquire the transmission time, packet length, and index of the encapsulation unit to which each data is attached, carried in the timestamp information of each data; a second determining unit, configured to determine the time interval between two adjacent data with the same index of their encapsulation units based on the transmission time and packet length of each data; a elimination unit, configured to eliminate non-periodic data included in the target data based on the time interval to obtain first data; a clustering unit, configured to cluster the first data to obtain multiple types of periodic data; and a third determining unit, configured to determine the data packet length, transmission time, and transmission period of each type of periodic data.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the elimination unit includes: a filtering subunit, used to filter out data with the same time interval and determine the unfiltered data as the non-periodic data; and an elimination subunit, used to eliminate the non-periodic data included in the target data to obtain the first data.

[0079] In an optional embodiment, the clustering unit includes: a recovery subunit, used to perform linear recovery of data points based on the data characteristics of the first data; and a clustering subunit, used to cluster the first data according to the time interval based on the linear recovery result, and to determine multiple types of periodic data based on the clustering result.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the recovery subunit is used to perform linear recovery of data points based on the data characteristics of the first data in the following manner: determining the transmission time of each data included in the first data and the transmission time interval between it and adjacent valid data; constructing a linear relationship based on the transmission time of each data and the transmission time interval; wherein, the data characteristics include the transmission time of each data and the transmission time interval.

[0081] In an optional embodiment, the sending module includes: a third acquisition subunit, configured to acquire the sending time and packet length of the target data carried in the timestamp information of the target data; a fourth determination unit, configured to determine the next sending time of the target data based on the sending time, packet length, data packet length, target sending time, and target sending period of the target data; and a fifth determination unit, configured to determine the target bandwidth time based on the next sending time, wherein the difference between the next sending time and the target bandwidth time is less than a predetermined time threshold.

[0082] In an optional embodiment, the fourth determining unit includes: a comparison subunit, configured to compare the sending time with the target sending time to obtain a first comparison result, and to compare the packet length with the data packet length to obtain a second comparison result; a verification subunit, configured to verify the accuracy of the analysis result obtained after analyzing the target data based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, wherein the analysis result includes the data packet length, the target sending time, and the target sending period; an adjustment subunit, configured to adjust the target sending period based on the accuracy to obtain an adjusted target sending period; and a determining subunit, configured to determine the next sending time of the target data based on the sending time and the adjusted target sending period.

[0083] According to one aspect of the present invention, a bandwidth granting system is also provided, comprising an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the OLT includes the bandwidth granting apparatus described in any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0084] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0085] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0086] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0087] Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0088] In one exemplary embodiment, the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input / output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor and the input / output device is connected to the processor.

[0089] Specific examples in this embodiment can be found in the examples described in the above embodiments and exemplary implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for predicting the arrival time of future data packets and authorizing bandwidth to ONUs based on acquired uplink periodic data in an OLT device. It particularly relates to the field of PON communication in optical networks, where uplink communication is implemented in a burst-time division manner. The OLT sends uplink bandwidth authorization to the ONU, and the ONU sends uplink data in a specified time slice. Based on the original uplink DBA scheduling, data prediction and bandwidth allocation are performed by acquiring data information. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention utilize the characteristic that the occurrence of uplink data in the PON system coincides with the bandwidth authorization, eliminating the additional latency caused by complex multi-period uplink data at the PON layer. On the OLT side, the device parses the time information of the ONU's data transmission, forming a series of data with timestamps and packet length information. Using the data and an algorithm module, based on the complex multi-period service characteristics, the periodic characteristics and packet arrival positions of the current periodic service are extracted, and bandwidth authorization is accurately granted at the packet arrival time, ensuring zero waiting time (i.e., zero latency and zero jitter) within the PON uplink system. This ensures maximum bandwidth utilization while improving uplink latency and reducing jitter in the overall communication system.

[0091] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computing devices. They can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. They can be implemented using computer-executable program code, and thus can be stored in a storage device for execution by a computing device. In some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order than those described herein, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0092] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for bandwidth licensing, characterized in that, include: Data transmission information of multiple data sent by an optical network unit (ONU) is obtained, wherein the data transmission information of each data carries the time information of the ONU sending the data, and the multiple data are sent by the ONU based on the bandwidth authorization information issued by the optical line terminal (OLT); Target data is determined from multiple data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time for the ONU to send the target data and the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information satisfy a predetermined relationship, and the target bandwidth authorization information is the bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for sending the target data; The target data is analyzed to determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period. The target bandwidth time, which matches the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period, is sent to the ONU to instruct the ONU to send subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining target data from multiple data sets based on the time information of each data set includes: Obtain the transmission time of each data item carried in the timestamp information of each data item; The data whose transmission time matches the bandwidth time is determined as the target data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Analyzing the target data to determine its data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period includes: Obtain the sending time, packet length, and index of the encapsulation unit to which each piece of data belongs, carried in the timestamp information of each piece of data; The time interval between data with the same index in two adjacent encapsulation units is determined based on the transmission time and packet length of each data. Based on the time interval, non-periodic data included in the target data are removed to obtain the first data; Cluster the first data to obtain multiple types of periodic data; The data packet length, transmission time, and transmission period for each type of periodic data are determined.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the time interval, non-periodic data included in the target data are removed to obtain the first data, which includes: Data with the same time intervals are filtered out, and the data that is not filtered out is identified as the non-periodic data; The first data is obtained by removing the non-periodic data included in the target data.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Clustering the first data yields multiple categories of periodic data, including: Linear recovery of data points is performed based on the data characteristics of the first data; Based on the linear recovery results, the first data is clustered according to the time interval, and multiple types of periodic data are determined based on the clustering results.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Linear recovery of data points based on the data characteristics of the first data includes: The transmission time of each data item included in the first data and the transmission time interval between each data item and adjacent valid data items are determined. A linear relationship is constructed based on the sending time of each data item and the sending time interval; The data characteristics include the transmission time of each data item and the transmission time interval.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending a target bandwidth time that matches the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period to the ONU includes: Obtain the sending time and packet length of the target data carried in the timestamp information of the target data; The next transmission time of the target data is determined based on the transmission time, packet length, data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data. The target bandwidth time is determined based on the time of the next transmission, wherein the difference between the time of the next transmission and the target bandwidth time is less than a predetermined time threshold.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determination of the next transmission time of the target data based on the transmission time, packet length, data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period includes: The sending time is compared with the target sending time to obtain a first comparison result, and the packet length is compared with the data packet length to obtain a second comparison result; The accuracy of the analysis results obtained after analyzing the target data is verified based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result, wherein the analysis results include the data packet length, the target transmission time, and the target transmission period; Based on the accuracy, the target transmission period is adjusted to obtain the adjusted target transmission period; The next transmission time of the target data is determined based on the transmission time and the adjusted target transmission period.

9. A bandwidth licensing device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire data transmission information of multiple data sent by the optical network unit (ONU), wherein the data transmission information of each data carries the time information of the ONU sending the data, and the multiple data are sent by the ONU based on the bandwidth authorization information issued by the optical line terminal (OLT); The first determining module is used to determine target data from multiple data based on the time information of each data, wherein the target time for the ONU to send the target data and the bandwidth time included in the target bandwidth authorization information satisfy a predetermined relationship, and the target bandwidth authorization information is the bandwidth authorization information issued by the OLT to the ONU for sending the target data; The second determining module is used to analyze the target data and determine the data packet length, target transmission time, and target transmission period of the target data. The sending module is used to send a target bandwidth time that matches the data packet length, the target sending time, and the target sending period to the ONU, so as to instruct the ONU to send the subsequent target data according to the target bandwidth time.

10. A bandwidth authorization system, characterized in that, It includes an optical line terminal (OLT) and an optical network unit (ONU), wherein the OLT includes the bandwidth granting device as described in claim 9.

11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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