A distillation apparatus and a distillation method for nitric acid purification

Abstract

The application discloses a distillation device and method for nitric acid purification, and relates to the technical field of nitric acid distillation.The distillation device for nitric acid purification comprises a device frame, a motor is fixedly installed above the device frame, an exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the device frame, a feed pipe is fixedly penetrated through the circumferential surface of the device frame, an air outlet pipe is fixedly penetrated through the circumferential surface of the device frame, a condenser pipe is fixedly installed in the device frame, and the device frame is internally provided with a rotating rod, a connecting pipe, a rotating shaft, a fan blade, a convex plate, a supporting block, a connecting plate, a sleeve, a circular plate, an arc block, a supporting plate and an arc plate.The rotating rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor, the connecting pipe is fixedly installed in the device frame, and the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the circumferential surface of the connecting pipe.The distillation device for nitric acid purification realizes the up-and-down movement of the fan blade while rotating, prevents the internal stratification of nitric acid, and causes incomplete distillation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of nitric acid distillation technology, specifically to a distillation apparatus and distillation method for nitric acid purification. Background Technology

[0002] Nitric acid is widely used for stripping plating in electroplating and PCB manufacturing, generating a large amount of nitric acid waste liquid. This waste liquid contains heavy metals such as copper and nickel, as well as high concentrations of acids, total nitrogen, and other pollutants. Waste nitric acid can be purified and recovered through distillation. Currently, vacuum distillation equipment is mainly used for treatment. Vacuum distillation equipment operates at near-vacuum pressure, reaches its boiling point at low temperatures, and, under low-temperature conditions, nitric acid has minimal corrosive effect on steel distillation equipment.

[0003] Patent publication number CN210356066U relates to the field of nitric acid distillation technology. This patent provides a vacuum distillation device for treating waste nitric acid, including an evaporating tank with a first outlet and a second outlet at its top and bottom, respectively; a booster pump connected to the second outlet; a spray head disposed within the evaporating tank and connected to the outlet of the booster pump; a steam condenser connected to the first outlet; a vacuum pump connected to the outlet of the steam condenser; a storage tank connected to the outlet of the vacuum pump; multiple demister plates evenly spaced within the evaporating tank and located between the first outlet and the spray head; multiple liquid receiving plates evenly spaced within the evaporating tank and located below the spray head and above the liquid surface; and a heating tube disposed within the evaporating tank. This patent, by adding a spray head and liquid receiving plates between the spray head and the liquid surface, expands the evaporation area from a small plane (the liquid surface) to the entire three-dimensional space within the tank, significantly increasing the evaporation area.

[0004] In the aforementioned patent, during nitric acid distillation, nitric acid is placed in an evaporating tank. During the heating process, a booster pump squeezes the receiving plate, and a spray head expands the evaporation area from the small plane of the liquid surface to the entire three-dimensional space inside the tank, greatly increasing the evaporation area. However, in the process of distilling the nitric acid solution in the aforementioned patent, impurities in the solution may separate into layers. This separation can lead to uneven heating of the nitric acid solution and reduce its purification efficiency. Therefore, a distillation device for nitric acid purification is designed to prevent solution separation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a distillation apparatus and method for nitric acid purification, comprising an apparatus frame and a condenser frame. A motor is fixedly mounted on top of the apparatus frame. An exhaust pipe is fixedly passed through the circumference of the apparatus frame. An inlet pipe is fixedly passed through the inner and outer walls of the apparatus frame. A water outlet pipe is fixedly passed through the circumference of the condenser frame. The apparatus includes a stirring device. The stirring device comprises a rotating rod, a connecting pipe, a rotating shaft, a fan blade, a sleeve, a convex plate, a receiving block, a connecting plate, a circular plate, an arc block, a receiving plate, and an arc plate. The rotating rod is fixedly mounted on the output end of the motor. The connecting pipe is slidably mounted on the circumference of the rotating rod. The rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the circular surface of the connecting pipe. On the circumference, the fan blade is fixedly installed on the circumference of the rotating shaft, the sleeve is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame, the convex plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sleeve, the receiving block is fixedly installed above the connecting pipe, a sliding groove is opened inside the connecting pipe, the connecting plate is slidably installed inside the sliding groove, the circular plate is rotatably installed on the circumference of the sleeve, the arc block is fixedly installed above the fan blade, the receiving plate is rotatably installed inside the arc block, and the arc plate is fixedly installed below the circular plate. The connecting pipe moves upward, causing the receiving block to move upward. Through repeated contact and compression between the convex plate and the receiving block, the connecting pipe moves upward, causing the receiving block to move upward. Through repeated contact and compression between the convex plate and the receiving block, the connecting pipe moves upward, causing the receiving block to move upward.

[0007] According to the above technical solution, the end of the convex plate away from the sleeve is set as an arc surface, the end of the receiving plate away from the arc block is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc plate, the upper part of the receiving block is set as a chamfered surface, the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the rotating rod, the receiving block rotates to contact and squeeze the convex plate, causing the receiving block to move downward, and the rotation of the receiving plate drives the arc plate to rotate.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, a telescopic spring rod is fixedly installed above the connecting plate. The free end of the telescopic spring rod is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting pipe. When the connecting pipe moves downward, it contacts and squeezes the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod to retract. Then, the telescopic spring rod resets and drives the connecting pipe to move upward. The upward movement of the connecting pipe drives the receiving block to move upward.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the cleaning device includes a scraper, a long plate, a slider, a baffle, and a beveled block. The scraper is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod. The long plate is slidably installed on the inner wall of the equipment frame. A second groove is formed on the surface of the long plate. The slider is slidably installed inside the second groove. A discharge port is formed inside the equipment frame. The baffle is hinged to the inner wall of the discharge port. The beveled block is slidably installed above the baffle. The rotating pipe drives the scraper to rotate. The rotating scraper contacts the non-arc side of the slider and drives the slider to rotate around the rotating rod. The slider's rotation drives the long plate to rotate.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the side of the slider near the scraper is set as arc surface two, and the side of the oblique cutting block away from the equipment frame is set as arc surface three. The scraper is in contact with the long plate, and the bottom of the oblique cutting block is slidably connected to the bottom of the equipment frame. A spring is provided between the baffle and the oblique cutting block. When the oblique cutting block moves, it releases the limit on the baffle. After the limit is released, the baffle rotates to open the discharge port. Through the spring between the baffle and the oblique cutting block, the baffle can be reset when it rotates upward.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, a telescopic spring rod two is fixedly installed inside the slide groove two. The free end of the telescopic spring rod two is fixedly connected to the top of the slider. The rotation of the connecting pipe drives the scraper to rotate. When the scraper rotates forward, it contacts and squeezes the slider to move upward. The slider contacts and squeezes the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod two to retract and then reset.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the water spraying device includes a water tank, a rotating frame, a water gun, a moving block, a protrusion, a contact plate, and a fixed plate. The water tank is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame. The rotating frame is rotatably installed below the water tank. The water gun is fixedly installed through the inner and outer walls of the water tank. The moving block is slidably installed inside the rotating frame. The protrusion is slidably installed through the inner and outer walls of the rotating frame. The contact plate is fixedly installed on the side of the moving block away from the protrusion. The fixed plate is fixedly installed above the rotating frame. When the contact plate rotates and contacts the water gun, the long plate rotates and squeezes the protrusion to retract, releasing the restriction on the protrusion. The retraction of the protrusion does not drive the rotating frame to rotate, and at the same time, the water outlet and the water gun coincide.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the side of the moving block closest to the protrusion is set as arc surface four, and the side of the protrusion away from the moving block is set as arc surface five. A spring is provided between the fixed plate and the moving block. When the long plate is separated from the contact with the protrusion, the spring contracts and resets under the action of the water gun, and blocks the water gun.

[0014] A distillation method using a distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification includes the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Start the motor. The rotation of the motor output will drive the rotating rod and the connecting pipe to rotate. The rotation of the connecting pipe will drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0016] Step 2: The rotating shaft drives the fan blades to rotate, and at the same time the connecting pipe rotates, causing the receiving block to rotate and contact and press the protruding plate, so that the receiving block moves downward.

[0017] Step 3: The receiving block moves downward, causing the connecting tube to move downward and contact the telescopic end of the first telescopic spring rod to retract. Then the first telescopic spring rod resets, causing the connecting tube to move upward.

[0018] Step 4: Moving the connecting pipe up and down causes the rotating shaft and fan blades to move up and down, so that the fan blades move up and down while rotating, preventing the nitric acid from separating into layers.

[0019] This invention provides a distillation apparatus and method for purifying nitric acid. It offers the following advantages:

[0020] (1) The distillation equipment and apparatus for nitric acid purification achieves stirring of nitric acid liquid through the coordinated operation of rotating rod, connecting pipe, rotating shaft and fan blade, preventing the nitric acid from stratifying and causing incomplete distillation. Through the coordinated operation of convex plate, receiving block, connecting plate, sleeve, round plate, arc block, receiving plate and arc plate, the fan blade can rotate while the connecting pipe moves up and down, which increases the stirring area of ​​nitric acid, speeds up the stirring efficiency and increases the speed of distilling nitric acid.

[0021] (2) The distillation equipment and apparatus for nitric acid purification, through the coordinated operation of the scraper, long plate, slider and telescopic spring rod, achieves the cleaning of the bottom and inner wall of the equipment frame, preventing excessive accumulation of dust and dirt inside the equipment, which would cause impurities to be mixed in during nitric acid distillation, resulting in incomplete distillation. Through the coordinated operation of the oblique cutting block and baffle, it helps to improve the purity of the distilled product. During the distillation of nitric acid, the residues mainly include unvolatile impurities or degradation products. These impurities may affect the purity of the final product, resulting in unwanted components in the obtained nitric acid. Regular cleaning of the residues can ensure that these impurities are not mixed into the final product during the distillation process.

[0022] (3) The distillation equipment and apparatus for nitric acid purification, through the coordinated operation of the water tank, rotating frame, water gun, moving block, protrusion, and contact plate, enables the water gun to spray water through the inside of the equipment to help loosen and rinse the residue inside the equipment, making it easier to remove and ensuring thorough cleaning of the equipment. Regular water spraying can prevent the equipment pipes or slots from becoming blocked due to waste accumulation, maintaining normal flow of the equipment. The coordinated operation between the fixed plate and the spring enables the water gun to spray water intermittently inside the equipment, which can effectively save water resources. When needed, short bursts of water spraying can be performed to rinse the surface of the equipment or wash away residues, reducing water consumption while achieving the purpose of cleaning. Intermittent water spraying can reduce continuous impact and wear on the inside of the equipment, and can clean more gently, thus extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the scraper with the connecting pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the circular plate and sleeve in the structure of this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom cross-section of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the B-structure;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the position and structure of the water tank and rotating frame of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of the C-structure.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Equipment frame; 102. Discharge port; 2. Motor; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Feed pipe; 5. Water outlet pipe; 6. Condensation frame; 7. Rotating rod; 8. Connecting pipe; 801. Slide 1; 9. Rotating shaft; 10. Fan blade; 11. Protruding plate; 12. Receiving block; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Telescopic spring rod 1; 15. Sleeve; 16. Round plate; 17. Arc block; 18. Receiving plate; 19. Arc plate; 201. Scraper; 202. Long plate; 203. Slide 2; 204. Sliding block; 205. Telescopic spring rod 2; 206. Baffle; 207. Beveled block; 211. Water tank; 212. Rotating frame; 213. Water gun; 214. Moving block; 215. Protruding block; 216. Contact plate; 217. Fixed plate; 218. Spring 1; 219. Water outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Please see Figures 1-9One embodiment of the present invention is: a distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification, comprising an apparatus frame 1 and a condenser frame 6. A motor 2 is fixedly installed above the apparatus frame 1. An exhaust pipe 3 is fixedly inserted through the circumferential surface of the apparatus frame 1. An inlet pipe 4 is fixedly inserted through the inner and outer walls of the apparatus frame 1. A water outlet pipe 5 is fixedly inserted through the circumferential surface of the condenser frame 6. The apparatus includes a stirring device; wherein the stirring device includes a rotating rod 7, a connecting pipe 8, a rotating shaft 9, a fan blade 10, a sleeve 15, a convex plate 11, a receiving block 12, a connecting plate 13, a circular plate 16, an arc block 17, a receiving plate 18, and an arc plate 19. The rotating rod 7 is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor 2. The connecting pipe 8 is slidably installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod 7. The rotating shaft 9 is rotatably installed on the circumferential surface of the connecting pipe 8. The fan blade 10 is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 9. The sleeve 15 is fixedly installed on the apparatus frame 2. At the top of the inner wall of the frame 1, a convex plate 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve 15, and a receiving block 12 is fixedly installed above the connecting pipe 8. A sliding groove 801 is opened inside the connecting pipe 8, and a connecting plate 13 is slidably installed inside the sliding groove 801. A circular plate 16 is rotatably installed on the circumference of the sleeve 15, an arc block 17 is fixedly installed above the fan blade 10, a receiving plate 18 is rotatably installed inside the arc block 17, and an arc plate 19 is fixedly installed below the circular plate 16. When the connecting pipe 8 moves upward, it drives the receiving block 12 to move upward. Through repeated contact and compression between the convex plate 11 and the receiving block 12, the connecting pipe 8 moves up and down. The up and down movement of the connecting pipe 8 drives the rotating shaft 9 and the fan blade 10 to move up and down, so that the fan blade 10 moves up and down while rotating, preventing the nitric acid from stratifying and causing incomplete distillation.

[0035] The end of the convex plate 11 away from the sleeve 15 is set as an arc surface. The end of the receiving plate 18 away from the arc block 17 is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc plate 19. The upper part of the receiving block 12 is set as a bevel. The connecting plate 13 is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 7. The receiving block 12 rotates to contact and press the convex plate 11, causing the receiving block 12 to move downward. The rotation of the receiving plate 18 drives the arc plate 19 to rotate.

[0036] A telescopic spring rod 14 is fixedly installed above the connecting plate 13. The free end of the telescopic spring rod 14 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the connecting pipe 8. When the connecting pipe 8 moves downward, it contacts and squeezes the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod 14 to retract. Then, the telescopic spring rod 14 resets and drives the connecting pipe 8 to move upward. The upward movement of the connecting pipe 8 drives the receiving block 12 to move upward.

[0037] A distillation method using a distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification includes the following steps:

[0038] Step 1: Start motor 2. The output end of motor 2 rotates, which drives the rotating rod 7 and the connecting pipe 8 to rotate. The rotation of the connecting pipe 8 drives the rotating shaft 9 to rotate.

[0039] Step 2: The rotating shaft 9 drives the fan blade 10 to rotate, and at the same time the connecting pipe 8 rotates, driving the receiving block 12 to rotate and contact and press the protruding plate 11, causing the receiving block 12 to move downward.

[0040] Step 3: The receiving block 12 moves downward, causing the connecting pipe 8 to move downward and contact the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod 14 to retract. Then the telescopic spring rod 14 resets, causing the connecting pipe 8 to move upward.

[0041] Step 4: The pipe 8 moves up and down, causing the rotating shaft 9 and the fan blade 10 to move up and down, so that the fan blade 10 moves up and down while rotating, preventing the nitric acid from stratifying inside.

[0042] In this embodiment, during operation: Motor 2 is started, and the output end of motor 2 rotates, causing the rotating rod 7 to rotate. The rotating rod 7 rotates, causing the connecting pipe 8 to rotate. The rotating pipe 8 rotates, causing the rotating shaft 9 to rotate. The rotating shaft 9 rotates, causing the fan blade 10 to rotate. The rotating pipe 8 rotates, causing the receiving block 12 to rotate. The rotating receiving block 12 contacts the pressing protrusion 11, causing the receiving block 12 to move downwards. The downward movement of the receiving block 12 causes the connecting pipe 8 to move. The downward movement of the connecting pipe 8 contacts the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod 14, causing it to retract. Subsequently, the telescopic spring rod 14 resets, causing the connecting pipe 8 to move upwards. The upward movement of the connecting pipe 8 causes the receiving block 12 to move upwards, through the protrusion 11 and... The repeated contact and compression of the receiving block 12 enables the connecting pipe 8 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the connecting pipe 8 drives the rotating shaft 9 and the fan blade 10 to move up and down, so that the fan blade 10 moves up and down while rotating, preventing the nitric acid from stratifying and causing incomplete distillation. At the same time, the rotation of the fan blade 10 drives the arc block 17 to rotate, the rotation of the arc block 17 drives the receiving plate 18 to rotate, the rotation of the receiving plate 18 drives the arc plate 19 to rotate, and the rotation of the arc plate 19 drives the circular plate 16 to rotate. By enabling the fan blade 10 to rotate while the connecting pipe 8 moves up and down, the stirring area of ​​the nitric acid is increased, the stirring efficiency is accelerated, and the distillation speed of the nitric acid is increased.

[0043] Please see Figures 1-9 In one embodiment of the present invention, a cleaning device and a water spraying device are also included. The cleaning device includes a scraper 201, a long plate 202, a slider 204, a baffle 206, and a beveled block 207. The scraper 201 is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod 7. The long plate 202 is slidably installed on the inner wall of the equipment frame 1. A second groove 203 is opened on the surface of the long plate 202. The slider 204 is slidably installed inside the second groove 203. A discharge port 102 is opened inside the equipment frame 1. The baffle 206 is hinged to the inner wall of the discharge port 102. The beveled block 207 is slidably installed above the baffle 206. The slider 204 revolves, driving the long plate 202 to revolve. The revolving of the long plate 202 achieves the cleaning of the bottom and inner wall of the equipment frame 1, preventing crystallization or impurities from forming on the inner wall of the equipment during the distillation process, which would cause the nitric acid solution to be heated unevenly, thereby affecting the distillation effect.

[0044] The side of the slider 204 closest to the scraper 201 is set as arc surface two, and the side of the oblique cutting block 207 furthest from the equipment frame 1 is set as arc surface three. The scraper 201 contacts the long plate 202, and the oblique cutting block 207 is slidably connected to the bottom of the equipment frame 1. A spring is provided between the baffle 206 and the oblique cutting block 207. When the oblique cutting block 207 moves, it releases the limit on the baffle 206. After the limit is released, the baffle 206 rotates to open the discharge port 102 for equipment maintenance. At the same time, it prevents the baffle 206 from being opened from the outside due to accidental contact, which could cause safety hazards during the distillation process and effectively reduce subsequent maintenance costs.

[0045] The slide 203 has a telescopic spring rod 205 fixedly installed inside. The free end of the telescopic spring rod 205 is fixedly connected to the top of the slider 204. The connecting pipe 8 rotates to drive the scraper 201 to rotate. When the scraper 201 rotates forward, it contacts and squeezes the slider 204 to move upward. The slider 204 contacts and squeezes the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod 205 to retract and then return to its original position.

[0046] The water spraying device includes a water tank 211, a rotating frame 212, a water gun 213, a moving block 214, a protrusion 215, a contact plate 216, and a fixing plate 217. The water tank 211 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame 1. The rotating frame 212 is rotatably installed below the water tank 211. The water gun 213 is fixedly installed through the inner and outer walls of the water tank 211. The moving block 214 is slidably installed inside the rotating frame 212. The protrusion 215 is slidably installed through the inner and outer walls of the rotating frame 212. The contact plate 216 is fixedly installed on the side of the moving block 214 away from the protrusion 215. The fixing plate 217 is fixedly installed above the rotating frame 212. At the same time, the water outlet 219 and the water gun 213 overlap, so that the water inside the water tank 211 is discharged through the water gun 213, which can rinse the inner wall of the equipment frame 1, help loosen and rinse the residue inside the equipment, making it easier to remove, ensuring that the equipment is thoroughly cleaned and maintaining the normal operation of the equipment.

[0047] The side of the movable block 214 closest to the protrusion 215 is set as arc surface four, and the side of the protrusion 215 away from the movable block 214 is set as arc surface five. A spring 218 is provided between the fixed plate 217 and the movable block 214. After the spring 218 contracts, it resets under the action of the water gun 213 and blocks the water gun 213, realizing the intermittent spraying of water by the water gun 213. The intermittent spraying of water can effectively save water resources, rinse the surface of the equipment or wash away the residue, reduce the continuous impact and wear on the inside of the equipment, and clean more gently to extend the service life of the equipment.

[0048] In this embodiment, when equipment maintenance is required, motor 2 is reversed. The rotating connecting pipe 8 drives scraper 201 to rotate. Scraper 201 rotates and contacts the non-arc side of slider 204, causing slider 204 to rotate around the rotating rod 7. Scraper 204's rotation drives long plate 202 to rotate, thus cleaning the bottom and inner wall of the equipment frame 1. This prevents crystallization or impurities from forming on the inner wall during distillation, which could lead to uneven heating of the nitric acid solution and affect the distillation effect. When long plate 202... The counterclockwise rotation of the contact and compression of the curved surface of the oblique cut block 207 causes the oblique cut block 207 to move closer to the baffle 206. The movement of the oblique cut block 207 releases the restriction on the baffle 206. After the restriction is released, the baffle 206 rotates to open the discharge port 102. Through the spring between the baffle 206 and the oblique cut block 207, the baffle 206 can be reset when it rotates upward, which facilitates the maintenance of the equipment and prevents the baffle 206 from being opened from the outside due to accidental contact, thus preventing safety hazards during the distillation process and effectively reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0049] When the long plate 202 rotates and contacts and presses the protrusion 215 to rotate, the rotation of the protrusion 215 drives the rotating frame 212 to rotate, the rotation of the rotating frame 212 drives the moving block 214 to rotate, the rotation of the moving block 214 drives the contact plate 216 to rotate, the contact plate 216 rotates and contacts the water gun 213 and moves towards the fixed plate 217 under its action, the rotation of the contact plate 216 drives the moving plate 214 to move and release the limit on the protrusion 215. After the limit is released, the long plate 202 continues to rotate and presses the protrusion 215 to retract, at the same time the water outlet 219 and the water gun 213 coincide, so that the water inside the water tank 211 is discharged through the water gun 213, which can clean the inner wall of the equipment frame 1. Rinsing helps loosen and rinse residue inside the equipment, making it easier to remove and ensuring thorough cleaning. This maintains the equipment's normal operation. When the moving block 214 moves closer to the fixed plate 217, it compresses the spring 218. After the long plate 202 disengages from the protrusion 215, the spring 218 retracts and resets under the action of the water gun 213, blocking the water gun 213 and enabling intermittent water spraying. Intermittent spraying effectively saves water resources, rinsing the equipment surface or washing away residue, reducing continuous impact and wear on the equipment's interior, and providing a gentler cleaning process to extend the equipment's lifespan.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification, comprising an apparatus frame (1) and a condenser frame (6), wherein a motor (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the apparatus frame (1), an exhaust pipe (3) is fixedly passed through the circumferential surface of the apparatus frame (1), an inlet pipe (4) is fixedly passed through the inner and outer walls of the apparatus frame (1), and an outlet pipe (5) is fixedly passed through the circumferential surface of the condenser frame (6), characterized in that: It also includes a stirring device, a cleaning device, and a water spraying device; The stirring device includes a rotating rod (7), a connecting pipe (8), a rotating shaft (9), a fan blade (10), a sleeve (15), a convex plate (11), a receiving block (12), a connecting plate (13), a circular plate (16), an arc block (17), a receiving plate (18), and an arc plate (19). The rotating rod (7) is fixedly installed at the output end of the motor (2). The connecting pipe (8) is slidably installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod (7). The rotating shaft (9) is rotatably installed on the circumferential surface of the connecting pipe (8). The fan blade (10) is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (9). The sleeve (15) is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating shaft (9). The top of the inner wall of the equipment frame (1) is provided with the convex plate (11) fixedly installed at the bottom of the sleeve (15), the receiving block (12) fixedly installed above the connecting pipe (8), the connecting pipe (8) is provided with a sliding groove (801), the connecting plate (13) is slidably installed inside the sliding groove (801), the circular plate (16) is rotatably installed on the circumferential surface of the sleeve (15), the arc block (17) is fixedly installed above the fan blade (10), the receiving plate (18) is rotatably installed inside the arc block (17), and the arc plate (19) is fixedly installed below the circular plate (16). The end of the convex plate (11) away from the sleeve (15) is set as an arc surface, the end of the receiving plate (18) away from the arc block (17) is rotatably connected to the inside of the arc plate (19), the upper part of the receiving block (12) is set as a chamfer, and the connecting plate (13) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (7). A telescopic spring rod (14) is fixedly installed above the connecting plate (13), and the free end of the telescopic spring rod (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting pipe (8).

2. The distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning device includes a scraper (201), a long plate (202), a slider (204), a baffle (206), and a beveled block (207). The scraper (201) is fixedly installed on the circumferential surface of the rotating rod (7). The long plate (202) is slidably installed on the inner wall of the equipment frame (1). The surface of the long plate (202) is provided with a second groove (203). The slider (204) is slidably installed inside the second groove (203). The inside of the equipment frame (1) is provided with a discharge port (102). The baffle (206) is hinged to the inner wall of the discharge port (102). The beveled block (207) is slidably installed above the baffle (206).

3. The distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slider (204) is configured with an arc surface two on the side near the scraper (201), and the oblique cutting block (207) is configured with an arc surface three on the side away from the equipment frame (1). The scraper (201) is in contact with the long plate (202), and the oblique cutting block (207) is slidably connected to the bottom of the equipment frame (1). A spring is provided between the baffle (206) and the oblique cutting block (207).

4. A distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sliding groove (203) is fixedly installed with a telescopic spring rod (205), and the free end of the telescopic spring rod (205) is fixedly connected to the top of the slider (204).

5. A distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water spraying device includes a water tank (211), a rotating frame (212), a water gun (213), a moving block (214), a protrusion (215), a contact plate (216), and a fixing plate (217). The water tank (211) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the equipment frame (1). The rotating frame (212) is rotatably installed below the water tank (211). The water gun (213) is fixedly installed through the inner and outer walls of the water tank (211). The moving block (214) is slidably installed inside the rotating frame (212). The protrusion (215) is slidably installed through the inner and outer walls of the rotating frame (212). The contact plate (216) is fixedly installed on the side of the moving block (214) away from the protrusion (215). The fixing plate (217) is fixedly installed above the rotating frame (212).

6. A distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side of the movable block (214) near the protrusion (215) is set as arc surface four, and the side of the protrusion (215) away from the movable block (214) is set as arc surface five. A spring (218) is provided between the fixed plate (217) and the movable block (214). A water outlet (219) is opened on the surface of the rotating frame (212).

7. A distillation method using a distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification, comprising the distillation apparatus for nitric acid purification as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Start the motor (2). The output end of the motor (2) rotates, which drives the rotating rod (7) to rotate and the connecting pipe (8) to rotate. The rotation of the connecting pipe (8) drives the rotating shaft (9) to rotate. Step 2: The rotating shaft (9) drives the fan blade (10) to rotate, and at the same time the connecting pipe (8) rotates, driving the receiving block (12) to rotate and contact and squeeze the protruding plate (11), so that the receiving block (12) moves downward; Step 3: The receiving block (12) moves downward, causing the connecting pipe (8) to move downward and contact the telescopic end of the telescopic spring rod (14) to retract. Then the telescopic spring rod (14) resets, causing the connecting pipe (8) to move upward. Step 4: The pipe (8) moves up and down, causing the rotating shaft (9) and the fan blade (10) to move up and down, so that the fan blade (10) moves up and down while rotating, preventing the nitric acid from stratifying inside.

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