Treatment equipment and treatment method for rare earth metal refining waste gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment equipment, and discloses rare earth metal refining waste gas treatment equipment and a treatment method.The rare earth metal refining waste gas treatment equipment comprises a waste gas treatment mechanism, a control device is installed in front of the waste gas treatment mechanism, and a control module is arranged in the control device; a gas output end is arranged at the position, close to the bottom of the waste gas treatment mechanism, of the side face of the waste gas treatment mechanism, and an output pipeline is installed at the output end. Whether the filter cloth bags are damaged or blocked or not is judged, the effect of automatically inspecting the real-time states of the filter cloth bags is achieved, and when the control module judges that a certain group of filter cloth bags are damaged or blocked, the rubber rings are driven to be in an expansion state, and the rubber rings in the expansion state are attached to the interiors of the clamping grooves; the waste gas can be prevented from being conveyed into the damaged filter cloth bag through the corresponding limiting plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waste gas treatment equipment technology, and more specifically to a waste gas treatment device and treatment method for rare earth metal refining. Background Technology

[0002] Waste gas treatment equipment is one type of waste gas recovery and treatment device used in rare earth metal smelting. Common waste gas treatment equipment mainly consists of pretreatment equipment, dust removal devices, absorption and purification devices, demisters, and gas storage and recovery devices. The specific process for rare earth metal smelting waste gas recovery and treatment is as follows: Waste gas generated during rare earth smelting is collected through pipelines and other facilities and sent to the waste gas treatment equipment. In the pretreatment device, the waste gas temperature is reduced and large particles are removed through cooling and cyclone separation. The pretreated waste gas enters the dust removal device, where fine particles are further removed. The dust-removed waste gas enters the absorption and purification device, where it comes into full contact with the absorbent through spray towers, bubbling reactors, and other equipment to remove harmful gases. After absorption and purification, the waste gas may still contain droplets or small particles, requiring further treatment through a demister. If the treated waste gas meets emission standards, it is discharged into the atmosphere at high altitude through an exhaust system. If the waste gas contains valuable gases, it can be collected and recycled through a gas storage device.

[0003] The dust collection device mainly consists of a housing and a bag filter. In actual operation, we have found that when the filter bags exceed a certain service life, they are prone to damage or blockage, leading to the following: 1. Reduced filtration efficiency: After the filter bags are damaged, the particles originally captured by the bags will leak out directly from the damaged area, causing a significant decrease in the dust collector's filtration efficiency; after the filter bags are blocked, the resistance of gas passing through the bags increases, leading to reduced filtration efficiency, and particles deposit on the surface of the bags, reducing the effective filtration area; 2. Decreased equipment performance: After the filter bags are damaged, the resistance of the dust collector will change, which may affect the overall performance and operational stability of the equipment; bag blockage will cause poor airflow inside the dust collector, increasing equipment wear and failure rate.

[0004] When the above situation occurs, it can only be discovered through manual maintenance and inspection of the waste gas treatment equipment. This process wastes a certain amount of manpower and reduces the working efficiency of the equipment. Therefore, we urgently need a waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for treating waste gas from rare earth metal refining, so as to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a waste gas treatment device for rare earth metal refining, comprising a waste gas treatment mechanism, a conveying pipe provided at the middle position of the top of the waste gas treatment mechanism for conveying waste gas, a waste gas collection box installed at the end of the conveying pipe away from the waste gas treatment mechanism, a cavity formed inside the waste gas collection box, a filter plate installed on the inner wall of the cavity, an input pipe connected through the middle position of the side of the waste gas collection box, the geometric center point of the filter plate and the geometric center point of the input pipe being on a straight line, a control device installed in front of the waste gas treatment mechanism, and a control module provided inside the control device;

[0007] The exhaust gas treatment mechanism is provided with a gas output end on its side and near its bottom, and an output pipe is installed on the output end.

[0008] Furthermore, the filter plate has multiple sets of countersunk grooves on the side near the input pipe. Each set of countersunk grooves contains a placement plate, and a filter bag is installed on the inner side of the placement plate, with the filter bag perpendicular to the surface of the filter plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the shape and size of the countersunk groove are adapted to the outer wall of the placement plate and the filter bag. A weight sensing plate is provided on the outer side of the placement plate near the filter bag. The weight sensing plate is installed on the inner wall of the countersunk groove. The geometric center point of the placement plate, the geometric center point of the weight sensing plate, and the geometric center point of the countersunk groove are on a straight line.

[0010] Furthermore, the weight sensor plate collects the weight data generated by the placement plate and the filter bag when the exhaust gas is delivered into the filter bag, and transmits it to the control module.

[0011] Furthermore, an air pump is installed on the back of the waste gas collection box, and a gas distribution pipe is installed at the output end of the air pump. Multiple sets of Y-shaped pipes are installed at the end of the gas distribution pipe away from the air pump, and two sets of air outlets are provided at the end of the Y-shaped pipe away from the gas distribution pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, each countersunk groove of the filter plate is equipped with a limiting plate, and a support plate is installed on the side of the limiting plate. The filter plate has an auxiliary placement groove near the support plate for placing the support plate. A transmission rod is inserted through the support plate at the end away from the limiting plate, and a mounting hole is provided inside the filter plate near the transmission rod for mounting the transmission rod. The transmission rod can rotate within the mounting hole. A magnetic block is installed on the side of the limiting plate away from the support plate, and an electromagnetic plate is installed inside the limiting plate near the magnetic block. Magnetic attraction can be generated between the magnetic block and the electromagnetic plate to limit the limiting plate within the countersunk groove of the filter plate. A friction layer is installed on the front of the limiting plate near the magnetic block.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber ring is installed on the inner side of the top front end of the limiting plate, and a set of air outlets of the Y-shaped tube are installed inside the rubber ring to deliver compressed air into the rubber ring and drive the rubber ring to be in an expanded state. A slot is opened on the inner side of the limiting plate opposite to the rubber ring. The inner wall of the slot is adapted to the outer wall of the rubber ring in the expanded state. The rubber ring in the expanded state is attached to the inside of the slot, which can prevent exhaust gas from continuing to enter the inside of the limiting plate.

[0014] An annular plate is installed on the inner side of the back of the limiting plate. Telescopic plates are installed through the inner walls at both ends of the annular plate. An air chamber is opened inside the annular plate. An auxiliary air chamber is installed inside the two sets of telescopic plates. The air chambers and the auxiliary air chambers are in a state of mutual circulation. Another set of air outlets of the Y-shaped tube is installed inside the air chamber for inputting compressed air into the air chamber.

[0015] A method for treating waste gas from rare earth metal smelting includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: After pretreatment, the waste gas from rare earth metal refining is transported to the surface of the filter plate through the input pipeline. The fine particulate matter in the waste gas is removed by the filter bag. The waste gas after the fine particulate matter is removed is transported to the waste gas treatment unit through the conveying pipeline for further treatment. The treated waste gas is then discharged through the output pipeline.

[0017] Step 2: The pre-treated exhaust gas enters the interior of the filter bag for fine particulate matter removal. During this process, the weight sensor plate collects the weight data of the filter bag and the placement plate in real time and sends it to the control module for analysis to determine whether the filter bag is damaged or blocked.

[0018] Step 3: The placement plate is placed in the countersunk groove of the filter plate. The operator presses the friction layer to drive the limiting plate to squeeze against the outer wall of the placement plate, thus limiting the placement plate. At the same time, the electromagnetic plate input current generates a magnetic attraction between the corresponding magnetic block, ensuring that the limiting plate is fixed in the corresponding countersunk groove. Simultaneously, the air pump generates compressed air, which is input into the annular plate air chamber through the air distribution pipe and another set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe. Then, it is input into the auxiliary air chamber of the telescopic plate through the annular plate air chamber, driving the telescopic plate into a stretched state. The telescopic plate in a stretched state drives the annular plate into the interior of the filter bag, driving the interior of the filter bag into an open state to prevent it from being stuck together, thus preventing normal exhaust gas dust removal operation.

[0019] When the control module determines that a certain group of filter bags is damaged or blocked, the air pump generates compressed air and inputs it into the corresponding rubber ring through the air distribution pipe and a set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe. This drives the rubber ring to expand. The expanded rubber ring adheres to the inside of the slot, which can prevent the exhaust gas from being transported into the inside of the damaged filter bag through the inside of the corresponding limit plate, ensuring that the fine particles inside the exhaust gas can be filtered normally.

[0020] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. This invention, by incorporating a control module, facilitates the entry of pre-treated waste gas into the interior of the filter bag for the removal of fine particulate matter. During this process, a weight sensor plate collects real-time weight data of the filter bag and the placement plate and transmits it to the control module for analysis to determine whether the filter bag is damaged or clogged, thereby achieving the effect of automatic quality inspection of the real-time status of the filter bag.

[0022] 2. This invention, by incorporating a control module, facilitates the determination by which the control module detects damage or blockage in a certain group of filter bags. The air pump generates compressed air, which is input through the air distribution pipe and a set of air outlets on the corresponding Y-shaped pipe to the interior of the corresponding rubber ring. This drives the rubber ring into an expanded state, where it adheres to the inside of the slot, preventing exhaust gas from being transported through the corresponding limiting plate into the damaged filter bag. This ensures normal filtration of fine particles inside the exhaust gas, preventing a reduction in exhaust gas filtration efficiency under certain circumstances, and ensuring that the filtration performance of the exhaust gas treatment mechanism does not decline. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the waste gas collection box of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filter bag of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the limiting plate of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the telescopic plate of the present invention when it is stretched to its maximum value.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Waste gas treatment mechanism; 101. Control device; 102. Conveying pipe; 103. Waste gas collection box; 104. Input pipe; 105. Output pipe; 2. Filter plate; 201. Filter bag; 202. Air pump; 203. Gas distribution pipe; 2031. Y-shaped pipe; 204. Placement plate; 205. Electromagnetic plate; 206. Weight sensing plate; 3. Limiting plate; 301. Support plate; 302. Transmission rod; 303. Slot; 304. Rubber ring; 305. Friction layer; 306. Magnetic block; 307. Annular plate; 308. Telescopic plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The device and method for treating waste gas from rare earth metal refining involved in the present invention are not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the present invention provides a waste gas treatment device for rare earth metal refining, including a waste gas treatment mechanism 1. The device is characterized in that: a conveying pipe 102 is provided at the middle position of the top of the waste gas treatment mechanism 1 for conveying waste gas; a waste gas collection box 103 is installed at one end of the conveying pipe 102 away from the waste gas treatment mechanism 1; a cavity is formed inside the waste gas collection box 103; a filter plate 2 is installed on the inner wall of the cavity; an input pipe 104 is connected through the middle position of the side of the waste gas collection box 103; the geometric center point of the filter plate 2 and the geometric center point of the input pipe 104 are on a straight line; and a control device 101 is installed in front of the waste gas treatment mechanism 1, with a control module inside the control device 101.

[0032] The exhaust gas treatment mechanism 1 has a gas output end on its side and near its bottom, and an output pipe 105 is installed on the output end.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, the specific workflow of this part of the application embodiment is as follows: after the rare earth metal refining waste gas is pretreated, it is transported to the surface of the filter plate 2 through the input pipe 104. Under the action of the filter bag 201, the fine particulate matter in the waste gas is removed. The waste gas after the fine particulate matter is removed is input into the waste gas treatment mechanism 1 through the conveying pipe 102 for further treatment. The treated waste gas is then discharged through the output pipe 105.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 4As shown, the present invention provides a device for treating waste gas from rare earth metal refining. The filter plate 2 has multiple sets of countersunk grooves on the side near the input pipe 104. Each set of countersunk grooves has a placement plate 204 inside. A filter bag 201 is installed on the inner side of the placement plate 204. The filter bag 201 is perpendicular to the surface of the filter plate 2.

[0035] The shape and size of the countersunk groove are adapted to the outer wall of the placement plate 204 and the filter bag 201. A weight sensing plate 206 is provided on the outer side of the placement plate 204 near the filter bag 201. The weight sensing plate 206 is installed on the inner wall of the countersunk groove. The geometric center point of the placement plate 204, the geometric center point of the weight sensing plate 206 and the geometric center point of the countersunk groove are on a straight line.

[0036] The weight sensor 206 collects the weight data generated by the placement plate 204 and the filter bag 201 when the exhaust gas is delivered into the filter bag 201, and sends it to the control module.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, the specific workflow of this part of the application embodiment is as follows: the pre-treated exhaust gas enters the interior of the filter bag 201 to remove fine particulate matter. During this process, the weight sensor plate 206 collects the weight data of the filter bag 201 and the placement plate 204 in real time and sends it to the control module for analysis to determine whether the filter bag 201 is damaged or blocked, so as to achieve the effect of automatic quality inspection of the real-time status of the filter bag 201.

[0038] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a waste gas treatment device for rare earth metal refining. An air pump 202 is installed on the back of the waste gas collection box 103. A gas distribution pipe 203 is installed at the output end of the air pump 202. Multiple sets of Y-shaped pipes 2031 are installed at the end of the gas distribution pipe 203 away from the air pump 202. Two sets of air outlets are provided at the end of the Y-shaped pipe 2031 away from the gas distribution pipe 203.

[0039] Each countersunk groove of the filter plate 2 is equipped with a limiting plate 3. A support plate 301 is installed on the side of the limiting plate 3. The filter plate 2 has an auxiliary placement groove that matches the support plate 301 near the support plate 301 for placing the support plate 301. A transmission rod 302 is provided through the support plate 301 at the end away from the limiting plate 3. The filter plate 2 has a mounting hole that matches the transmission rod 302 near the transmission rod 302 for mounting the transmission rod 302. The transmission rod 302 can rotate within the mounting hole. A magnetic block 306 is installed on the side of the limiting plate 3 away from the support plate 301. An electromagnetic plate 205 is installed inside the limiting plate 3 near the magnetic block 306. A magnetic attraction force can be generated between the magnetic block 306 and the electromagnetic plate 205 to limit the limiting plate 3 within the countersunk groove of the filter plate 2. A friction layer 305 is installed on the front of the limiting plate 3 near the magnetic block 306.

[0040] A rubber ring 304 is installed on the inner side of the top front end of the limiting plate 3. A set of air outlets of the Y-shaped tube 2031 are installed inside the rubber ring 304 to transport compressed air into the rubber ring 304 and drive the rubber ring 304 to be in an expanded state. A slot 303 is provided on the inner side of the limiting plate 3 at the position opposite to the rubber ring 304. The inner wall of the slot 303 is adapted to the outer wall of the expanded rubber ring 304. The expanded rubber ring 304 is attached to the inside of the slot 303, which can prevent exhaust gas from continuing to enter the inside of the limiting plate 3.

[0041] An annular plate 307 is installed on the inner side of the back of the limiting plate 3. Telescopic plates 308 are installed through the inner walls at both ends of the annular plate 307. An air chamber is opened inside the annular plate 307. An auxiliary air chamber is provided inside the two sets of telescopic plates 308. The air chambers and auxiliary air chambers are in a state of mutual circulation. Another set of air outlets of the Y-shaped pipe 2031 is installed in the air chamber for inputting compressed air into the air chamber.

[0042] Each Y-tube 2031 has a solenoid valve installed inside near its two sets of air outlets to control the flow direction of compressed air.

[0043] The specific workflow of this application embodiment is as follows: The placement plate 204 is placed in the countersunk groove of the filter plate 2. The operator presses the friction layer 305 to drive the limiting plate 3 to squeeze against the outer wall of the placement plate 204, thereby limiting the placement plate 204. At the same time, the electromagnetic plate 205 input current and the corresponding magnetic block 306 generate magnetic attraction force to ensure that the limiting plate 3 is fixed in the corresponding countersunk groove. Meanwhile, the air pump 202 generates compressed air and inputs it into the air chamber of the annular plate 307 through the air distribution pipe 203 and another set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe 2031. Then, it is input into the auxiliary air chamber of the telescopic plate 308 through the air chamber of the annular plate 307, driving the telescopic plate 308 to be in a stretched state. The telescopic plate 308 in the stretched state drives the annular plate 307 into the interior of the filter bag 201, driving the interior of the filter bag 201 to be in an open state, avoiding the interior from being in a stuck state, thus preventing normal exhaust gas dust removal operation.

[0044] When the control module determines that a certain group of filter bags 201 is damaged or blocked, the air pump 202 generates compressed air and inputs it into the interior of the corresponding rubber ring 304 through the air distribution pipe 203 and a set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe 2031. This drives the rubber ring 304 to expand. The expanded rubber ring 304 adheres to the interior of the slot 303, which can prevent the exhaust gas from being transported into the interior of the damaged filter bag 201 through the interior of the corresponding limiting plate 3. This ensures that the fine particles inside the exhaust gas can be filtered normally, and under certain circumstances, it prevents the exhaust gas filtration of the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 1 from being reduced, and ensures that the filtration performance of the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 1 does not decrease.

[0045] Reference Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a device for treating waste gas from rare earth metal refining, wherein the control module includes a threshold unit and an alarm device;

[0046] The threshold module simulates the simulated weight data generated by the weight sensor plate 206 when the filter bag 201 is in normal working condition, and integrates the simulated weight data to form a threshold range. The control module compares the real-time weight data with the threshold range. When the real-time weight data is greater than the threshold range, it is determined that the filter bag 201 is blocked. When the real-time weight data is less than the threshold range, it is determined that the filter bag 201 is damaged. When the control module analyzes that the filter bag 201 is blocked or damaged, the control module controls the air pump 202 to input current and drive the rubber ring 304 to expand.

[0047] The control module operates the alarm device to arrive at the scene for inspection.

[0048] The specific workflow for this application is as follows:

[0049] Step 1: After pretreatment, the waste gas from rare earth metal refining is transported to the surface of the filter plate 2 through the input pipe 104. Under the action of the filter bag 201, the fine particulate matter in the waste gas is removed. The waste gas after the fine particulate matter is removed is input into the waste gas treatment unit 1 through the conveying pipe 102 for further treatment. The treated waste gas is then discharged through the output pipe 105.

[0050] Step 2: The pre-treated exhaust gas enters the interior of the filter bag 201 to remove fine particulate matter. During this process, the weight sensor plate 206 collects the weight data of the filter bag 201 and the placement plate 204 in real time and sends it to the control module for analysis to determine whether the filter bag 201 is damaged or blocked, so as to achieve the effect of automatic quality inspection of the real-time status of the filter bag 201.

[0051] Step 3: Placement plate 204 is placed in the countersunk groove of filter plate 2. The operator presses the friction layer 305 to drive the limiting plate 3 to press against the outer wall of placement plate 204, limiting placement plate 204. At the same time, the electromagnetic plate 205 input current generates magnetic attraction between the corresponding magnetic block 306, ensuring that the limiting plate 3 is fixed in the corresponding countersunk groove. Meanwhile, the air pump 202 generates compressed air and inputs it into the air chamber of annular plate 307 through the air distribution pipe 203 and another set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe 2031. Then, it is input into the auxiliary air chamber of telescopic plate 308 through the air chamber of annular plate 307, driving telescopic plate 308 into a stretched state. The telescopic plate 308 in a stretched state drives annular plate 307 into the interior of filter bag 201, driving the interior of filter bag 201 into an open state, preventing the interior from being stuck together, thus preventing normal exhaust gas dust removal operation.

[0052] When the control module determines that a certain group of filter bags 201 is damaged or blocked, the air pump 202 generates compressed air and inputs it into the interior of the corresponding rubber ring 304 through the air distribution pipe 203 and a set of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe 2031. This drives the rubber ring 304 to expand. The expanded rubber ring 304 adheres to the interior of the slot 303, which can prevent the exhaust gas from being transported into the interior of the damaged filter bag 201 through the interior of the corresponding limiting plate 3. This ensures that the fine particles inside the exhaust gas can be filtered normally, and under certain circumstances, it prevents the exhaust gas filtration of the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 1 from being reduced, and ensures that the filtration performance of the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 1 does not decrease.

[0053] Finally, the following points should be noted: First, in the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly, and can be mechanical or electrical connections, or internal connections between two components, or direct connections. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change.

[0054] Secondly: The accompanying drawings of the embodiments disclosed in this invention only involve the structures involved in the embodiments disclosed in this invention. Other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of this invention can be combined with each other.

[0055] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment device for rare earth metal refining, comprising a waste gas treatment mechanism (1), characterized in that: A delivery pipe (102) is provided in the middle of the top of the waste gas treatment mechanism (1) for delivering waste gas, a waste gas collection box (103) is installed at one end of the delivery pipe (102) away from the waste gas treatment mechanism (1), a cavity is formed inside the waste gas collection box (103), a filter plate (2) is installed on the inner wall of the cavity, an input pipe (104) is connected through the middle of the side of the waste gas collection box (103), the geometric center point of the filter plate (2) and the geometric center point of the input pipe (104) are on a straight line, a control device (101) is installed in front of the waste gas treatment mechanism (1), and a control module is provided inside the control device (101); A gas output end is provided on the side of the waste gas treatment mechanism (1) and near the bottom thereof, and an output pipe (105) is installed on the output end.

2. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter plate (2) has a plurality of groups of countersunk grooves on the side close to the input pipe (104), a placement plate (204) is placed inside each group of countersunk grooves, a filter bag (201) is installed on the inner side of the placement plate (204), and the filter bag (201) is perpendicular to the surface of the filter plate (2).

3. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape and size of the countersunk groove are compatible with the outer wall of the placement plate (204) and the filter bag (201); a weight sensing plate (206) is provided on the outer side surface of the placement plate (204) close to the filter bag (201); the weight sensing plate (206) is installed on the inner wall of the countersunk groove; the geometric center point of the placement plate (204), the geometric center point of the weight sensing plate (206) and the geometric center point of the countersunk groove are on a straight line.

4. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The weight sensing plate (206) collects weight data generated by the placement plate (204) and the filter bag (201) when the exhaust gas is transported to the inside of the filter bag (201), and transmits the weight data to the control module.

5. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air pump (202) is installed on the back of the waste gas concentration box (103), and an air distribution pipe (203) is installed on the output end of the air pump (202). The air distribution pipe (203) is installed with multiple groups of Y-shaped tubes (2031) at one end away from the air pump (202), and the Y-shaped tube (2031) is provided with two groups of air outlet holes at one end away from the air distribution pipe (203).

6. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit plate (3) is installed in the countersunk groove of the filter plate (2), a support plate (301) is installed on the side of the limit plate (3), the filter plate (2) is provided with an auxiliary placement groove matched with the support plate (301) at a position close to the support plate (301) for placing the support plate (301), a transmission rod (302) is penetrated at one end of the support plate (301) away from the limit plate (3), and a mounting hole matched with the transmission rod (302) is provided inside the filter plate (2) at a position close to the transmission rod (302) for mounting the transmission rod (302). ), the transmission rod (302) can rotate in the installation hole, and the limit plate (3) is installed with a magnetic block (306) on the side away from the support plate (301), and an electromagnetic plate (205) is installed inside the limit plate (3) at a position close to the magnetic block (306), and a magnetic attraction force can be generated between the magnetic block (306) and the electromagnetic plate (205) for limiting the limit plate (3) in the countersunk groove of the filter plate (2), and a friction layer (305) is installed in front of the limit plate (3) at a position close to the magnetic block (306).

7. The waste gas treatment equipment for rare earth metal refining according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that: A rubber ring (304) is installed on the inner side surface of the top of the front end of the limiting plate (3); a group of air outlet holes of the Y-shaped tube (2031) are installed inside the rubber ring (304) for conveying compressed air to the inside of the rubber ring (304) to drive the rubber ring (304) to be in an expanded state; a slot (303) is provided at a position of the inner side surface of the limiting plate (3) opposite to the rubber ring (304); the inner wall of the slot (303) is matched with the outer wall of the rubber ring (304) in the expanded state; the rubber ring (304) in the expanded state is attached to the inside of the slot (303), thereby preventing the exhaust gas from continuing to enter the inside of the limiting plate (3); An annular plate (307) is installed on the inner side surface of the back of the limiting plate (3), and telescopic plates (308) are installed through the inner walls of both ends of the annular plate (307). An air chamber is opened inside the annular plate (307), and auxiliary air chambers are arranged inside the two groups of telescopic plates (308). The air chambers and the auxiliary air chambers are in a state of mutual circulation. Another group of air outlet holes of the Y-shaped tube (2031) is installed in the air chamber for inputting compressed air into the air chamber.

8. A treatment method for rare earth metal refining waste gas treatment equipment according to any one of claims 4 and 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: After the rare earth metal refining waste gas is pre-treated, it is transported to the surface of the filter plate (2) through the input pipe (104), and fine particles in the waste gas are removed under the action of the filter bag (201). The waste gas after the fine particles are removed is input into the waste gas treatment mechanism (1) through the delivery pipe (102) for further treatment, and the treated waste gas is discharged through the output pipe (105); Step 2: The pre-treated exhaust gas enters the interior of the filter bag (201) to remove fine particles. During this process, the weight sensing plate (206) collects the weight data of the filter bag (201) and the placement plate (204) in real time and transmits it to the control module for analysis to determine whether the filter bag (201) is damaged or blocked.

9. A treatment method for rare earth metal refining waste gas treatment equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 3: The placement plate (204) is placed in the countersunk groove of the filter plate (2). The staff presses the friction layer (305) to drive the limit plate (3) to squeeze the outer wall of the placement plate (204) to limit the placement plate (204). At the same time, the electromagnetic plate (205) inputs current to generate magnetic attraction between the corresponding magnetic block (306) to ensure that the limit plate (3) is fixed in the corresponding countersunk groove. At the same time, the air pump (202) generates compressed air through the air distribution pipe (203) and the corresponding Y-shaped pipe ( The air is inputted into the air chamber of the annular plate (307) through another set of air outlet holes of the annular plate (307), and then inputted into the auxiliary air chamber of the telescopic plate (308) through the air chamber of the annular plate (307), driving the telescopic plate (308) to be in a stretched state. The telescopic plate (308) in the stretched state drives the annular plate (307) to enter the interior of the filter bag (201), driving the interior of the filter bag (201) to be in an open state, thereby preventing the interior of the filter bag (201) from being in a sticking state, thereby preventing the exhaust gas dust removal operation from being performed normally.

10. The method for treating waste gas from rare earth metal refining according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 4: When the control module determines that a group of filter bags (201) is damaged or blocked, the air pump (202) generates compressed air which is input into the interior of the corresponding rubber ring (304) through the air distribution pipe (203) and a group of air outlets of the corresponding Y-shaped pipe (2031), driving the rubber ring (304) to be in an expanded state. The expanded rubber ring (304) is attached to the interior of the card slot (303), which can prevent the exhaust gas from being transported to the interior of the damaged filter bag (201) through the interior of the corresponding limit plate (3), thereby ensuring that fine particles in the exhaust gas can be filtered normally.

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