Steel ball self-locking rapid assembling and disassembling device for turning arc-shaped groove of end cover part

Abstract

The invention discloses a steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning an arc-shaped groove of an end cover part, which comprises a rotary base, and two parallel positioning and clamping surfaces are arranged on two sides outside the rotary base; a columnar cutter extending channel is coaxially arranged on the rotary base in a penetrating manner, and a cutter feeding ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the cutter extending channel; a machining window is hollowed out in the positioning and clamping surface, and the machining window is communicated with the feeding ring groove; in the clamping state, two sets of end cover parts to be machined are clamped on the positioning clamping faces on the two outer sides of the rotary base. The to-be-cut parts of the two groups of to-be-machined end cover parts are positioned at the machining windows of the corresponding positioning and clamping surfaces; and quick assembly and disassembly of the end cover part in the tool can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of turning. Background Art

[0002] When a vertical lathe is used to turn an arc-shaped groove whose inner cavity of an end cover part is smaller than half a circle, since the arc groove on the end cover part is not a full circle in the circumferential direction but a segment of an arc, and the axis of the arc-shaped groove is parallel to the plane on which it is located on the end cover part; therefore, whether turning, boring or milling is used, positioning, clamping and processing are difficult, and the processing accuracy and efficiency are relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts of hydraulic pump products, which can realize quick loading and unloading of end cover parts during tooling.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts of the present invention comprises a rotating base, and two parallel positioning clamping surfaces are arranged on both sides outside the rotating base; a columnar cutting tool insertion channel is coaxially arranged on the rotating base, and a cutting tool ring groove is arranged on the inner wall of the cutting tool insertion channel; a processing window is hollowed out on the positioning clamping surface, and the processing window is connected to the cutting tool ring groove; in the clamped state, two groups of end cover parts to be processed are clamped on the positioning clamping surfaces on both sides outside the rotating base; and the to-be-cut parts of the two groups of end cover parts to be processed are at the processing windows of the corresponding positioning clamping surfaces.

[0005] Furthermore, the inner contour of the arc groove to be cut on the inner side of the end cover part is recorded as the target cutting arc contour; in the clamped state, the target cutting arc contours on the two groups of end cover parts to be processed overlap on the same cylindrical surface contour and are coaxial with the slewing base.

[0006] Furthermore, the inner diameter of the target cutting arc contour is not greater than the inner contour diameter of the cutting ring groove.

[0007] Furthermore, one side of the joint surface of the end cover part to be processed is a disc-shaped wall, and the edges around the end surface of the disc-shaped wall are vertically penetrated by a plurality of through flange holes;

[0008] A plurality of fixed long pins, a plurality of fixed short pins and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins are vertically arranged on the positioning and clamping surface of the rotary base around the outer circumference of the processing window;

[0009] The roots of a plurality of fixed long pins, a plurality of fixed short pins and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins are all detachably locked and fixed on the positioning clamping surface through locking pieces;

[0010] In the clamped state, a plurality of fixed long pins, a plurality of fixed short pins and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins are correspondingly inserted into a plurality of flange holes on the joint surface of the end cover part to be processed.

[0011] Furthermore, there are two long fixed pins on the positioning clamping surface, and they are diagonally distributed on the positioning clamping surface; the short fixed pins on the positioning clamping surface include a cylindrical pin and a diamond pin that are diagonally distributed; there are four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins on the positioning clamping surface, and they are distributed in a rectangular array around the processing window.

[0012] Furthermore, each quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin is coaxially sleeved with an annular spacer block at the location of the positioning clamping surface, the annular spacer block is clamped in the slot on the positioning clamping surface, and is locked in the slot by a screw, and the surface of the annular spacer block protrudes from the positioning clamping surface;

[0013] The upper section of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin is provided with a spring countersunk hole, and the bottom of the spring countersunk hole is provided with a cylindrical compression spring, and the upper end of the cylindrical compression spring is supported by a push-up column, and the outer circumferential surface of the push-up column is movably matched with the inner wall of the spring countersunk hole; two sides of the upper part of the push-up column are respectively provided with a vertical plane and a conical surface; the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole close to the vertical plane is vertically hollowed out with a threaded hole, and the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole close to the conical surface is hollowed out and provided with a steel ball bayonet, and a self-locking steel ball is arranged in the steel ball bayonet, and the self-locking steel ball is tangent to the conical surface. Under the elastic force of the cylindrical compression spring, the conical surface presses the self-locking steel ball obliquely upward, so that the self-locking steel ball is stuck in the steel ball bayonet under the oblique upward thrust of the conical surface, and the self-locking steel ball is completely positioned under the joint constraints of the inner wall of the steel ball bayonet and the conical surface, and a part of the self-locking steel ball less than one half protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet out of the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin.

[0014] Furthermore, in the clamped state, the disc-shaped wall end face of the end cover part to be processed is limitedly contacted with the surface of each annular pad block, and each locking steel ball protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet and the part of the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin is clamped in the corresponding flange hole away from the end face of the hole of one end of the annular pad block.

[0015] Furthermore, a shoulder movable countersunk hole is coaxially provided on the bottom surface of the slot, and an annular shoulder is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin, and the annular shoulder is coaxially movably fitted in the shoulder movable countersunk hole, and a second cylindrical compression spring is provided in the shoulder movable countersunk hole, and the second cylindrical compression spring forms an axial elastic force on the annular shoulder, so that the side of the annular shoulder away from the second cylindrical compression spring is tightly attached to the limiting annular pad; a pin shaft bottom end through hole is penetrated by the center of the bottom end of the shoulder movable countersunk hole, and the bottom end external thread end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin passes through the pin shaft bottom end through hole, and the bottom end external thread end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin is threadedly locked with an anti-loosening nut.

[0016] Beneficial effect: In the present invention, since the positioning and clamping surface of the tooling is perpendicular to the gravity direction of the end cover part during positioning and clamping, if the conventional pressing plate clamping method is adopted, after the positioning is completed, during the clamping process, the ideal state is that the four pressing plates simultaneously clamp the four supporting points. However, for such end cover products with low production volume, if a large amount of resources are invested to design and manufacture lathe hydraulic tooling for turning arc grooves, the cost is too high for the enterprise. However, if a screw and nut mechanism is used to clamp the four supporting points one by one, the end cover part must be pressed by hand during the clamping operation to prevent it from tilting up and to ensure that the positioning surface and the pad block fit well. This is not only inconvenient to operate, but also extremely inefficient. In addition to the stable and reliable positioning and clamping, the tooling described in the present invention has the advantage of being able to achieve rapid loading and unloading of the end cover parts in the tooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the end cover part to be processed;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the slewing base structure;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of two processed end cover parts being installed on a rotary base;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of the mark 33;

[0022] Figure 6 This is the disassembly diagram of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] As attached Figures 1 to 6 The steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning the arc groove of the end cover part of the hydraulic pump comprises a cylindrical rotating base 1, and two parallel planar positioning and clamping surfaces 30 are arranged on both sides of the rotating base 1; a columnar cutting tool insertion channel 22 is coaxially arranged on the cylindrical rotating base 1, and a cutting tool ring groove 23 is arranged on the inner wall at the middle height of the cutting tool insertion channel 22; a rectangular processing window 27 is hollowed out at the center position of the positioning and clamping surface 30, and the processing window 27 is connected to the cutting tool ring groove 23.

[0025] In the clamped state, Figure 3 and 4The two groups of end cover parts 2 to be processed are clamped at the positioning clamping surfaces 30 on both sides of the rotating base 1; and the parts to be cut of the two groups of end cover parts 2 to be processed are at the processing windows 27 of the corresponding positioning clamping surfaces 30.

[0026] The inner contour of the arc groove to be cut on the inner side of the end cover part 2 is recorded as the target cutting arc contour 3; in the clamped state, the target cutting arc contours 3 on the two groups of end cover parts 2 to be processed overlap on the same cylindrical surface contour and are coaxial with the slewing base 1.

[0027] In order to avoid interference, the inner diameter of the target cutting arc contour 3 is not greater than the diameter of the inner contour 23 a of the cutting ring groove 23 .

[0028] One side of the mating surface of the end cover part 2 to be processed is a disc-shaped wall 40, and a plurality of flange holes 41 are vertically penetrated on the edges of the end surface of the disc-shaped wall 40; a plurality of fixed long pins 28, a plurality of fixed short pins 29 and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 are vertically arranged on the positioning and clamping surface 30 of the slewing base 1 around the outer periphery of the processing window 27; the roots of the plurality of fixed long pins 28, the plurality of fixed short pins 29 and the plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 are all detachably locked and fixed on the positioning and clamping surface 30 by locking pieces.

[0029] In the clamped state, a plurality of fixed long pins 28, a plurality of fixed short pins 29 and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 are inserted one by one into a plurality of flange holes 41 on the joint surface of the end cover part 2 to be processed.

[0030] In the present case, there are two fixed long pins 28 on a positioning clamping surface 30, and they are diagonally distributed on the positioning clamping surface 30, playing a supporting and pre-positioning role; in the clamped state, the fixed long pin 28 and the flange hole 41 are in a large clearance fit relationship, and when the end cover part is positioned and clamped, the fixed long pin 28 and the flange hole 41 are not in contact; in the present case, a fixed short pin 29 on a positioning clamping surface 30 includes a cylindrical pin and a diamond pin distributed diagonally; in the clamped state, the fixed short pin 29 and the flange hole 41 are in a small clearance fit relationship, and the fixed short pin 29 plays the function of "one side and two pins" precise positioning.

[0031] In this case, there are four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 on a positioning clamping surface 30, and they are distributed in a rectangular array around the processing window 27;

[0032] Each quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 is coaxially sleeved with an annular spacer block 18 at the location of the positioning clamping surface 30. The annular spacer block 18 is clamped in the slot 10 on the positioning clamping surface 30 and locked in the slot 10 by a screw 17. The surface of the annular spacer block 18 protrudes from the positioning clamping surface 30.

[0033] The upper section of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 is provided with a spring countersunk hole 20, and a cylindrical compression spring 9 is provided at the bottom of the spring countersunk hole 20. The upper end support of the cylindrical compression spring 9 is provided with a push-out column 7, and the outer circumference of the push-out column 7 is movably matched with the inner wall of the spring countersunk hole 20; the two sides of the upper part of the push-out column 7 are respectively provided with a vertical plane 70 and a conical surface 26; the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole 20 close to the vertical plane 70 is vertically hollowed out with a threaded hole 25, and the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole 20 close to the conical surface 26 is hollowed out with a steel ball The bayonet 24 has a self-locking steel ball 5 in the steel ball bayonet 24, and the self-locking steel ball 5 is tangent to the conical surface 26. Under the elastic force of the cylindrical compression spring 9, the conical surface 26 presses the self-locking steel ball 5 obliquely upward, so that the self-locking steel ball 5 is stuck in the steel ball bayonet 24 under the oblique upward thrust of the conical surface 26. The self-locking steel ball 5 is completely positioned under the joint constraints of the inner wall of the steel ball bayonet 24 and the conical surface 26, and a part less than half of the self-locking steel ball 5 protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet 24 to the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19.

[0034] In the clamped state, the end face of the disc-shaped wall 40 of the end cover part 2 to be processed is limitedly contacted with the surface of each annular pad block 18, and each locking steel ball 5 protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet 24 and the part of the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 is clamped in the corresponding flange hole 41 away from the end of the annular pad block 18. End surface 73 of the hole.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, a shoulder movable countersunk hole 53 is coaxially provided on the bottom surface of the slot 10, and an annular shoulder 50 is provided on the outer wall of the lower part of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19. The annular shoulder 50 is coaxially movably fitted in the shoulder movable countersunk hole 53, and a second cylindrical compression spring 51 is provided in the shoulder movable countersunk hole 53. The second cylindrical compression spring 51 forms an axial elastic force on the annular shoulder 50, so that the side of the annular shoulder 50 away from the second cylindrical compression spring 51 is tightly fitted with the limiting annular pad 18; a pin shaft bottom end through hole 90 is passed through the center of the bottom end of the shoulder movable countersunk hole 53, and the external threaded end of the bottom end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 passes through the pin shaft bottom end through hole 90, and the external threaded end of the bottom end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 is threadedly locked with a lock nut 100. Under the forced thrust of external force along the axial direction, the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 will adaptively shrink inward along the axial direction.

[0036] The internal thread of the threaded hole 25 is matched with the a stud 21. When the a stud 21 is completely screwed into the spring countersunk hole 20, the end surface of the a stud 21 is limited to contact the vertical plane 70, which plays a role in circumferential and axial limitation of the push-pull column 7 when the self-locking steel ball 5 is installed; the upper section of the internal thread of the spring countersunk hole 20 is matched with the b stud 4, which plays a role in dust prevention and sealing.

[0037] Working principle (In order to facilitate expression, the "up" and "down" in the text are only based on Figure 5 Perspective, does not represent the "up" and "down" under actual working conditions):

[0038] Before positioning and clamping the end cover parts, first fit the bottom surface of the swivel base 1 with the swivel worktable of the vertical lathe to ensure that the axis of the swivel base of the tooling is coaxial with the swivel center of the lathe worktable, and then use a special clamping claw to clamp the swivel base 1; make the swivel base 1 and the swivel device of the lathe worktable coaxially fixedly connected;

[0039] The process of clamping any end cover part 2 to be processed:

[0040] Place one side of the end face of the disc-shaped wall 40 of the end cover part 2 to be processed opposite to the positioning clamping surface 30 on the rotary base 1, and align the ends of the four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19, apply thrust to the end cover part 2, so that the end cover part 2 is pushed closer to the positioning clamping surface 30, and the ends of the four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 are inserted into the bottom ends of the four flange holes 41 on the end cover part 2, and then the edge of the bottom end of the flange hole 41 contacts the upper 1 / 2 spherical surface of the self-locking steel ball 5 on the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19, forcing the steel ball to have an active oblique downward force, and the self-locking steel ball 5 presses the conical surface 26 obliquely downward, so that the ejection column 7 overcomes the cylindrical compression spring 9 and moves downward, thereby retracting the self-locking steel ball 5 into the inner cavity of the spring counterbore 20 of the pin shaft;

[0041] At the same time, the ends of the two fixed long pins 28 on the positioning clamping surface 30 are inserted into the other two corresponding flange holes 41 for pre-positioning. "The two fixed long pins 28 will also share part of the end cover part's own gravity, play an auxiliary support role, and prevent damage to the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19. Push the end cover part 2 toward the positioning clamping surface 30 with force. When the last two flange holes 41 on the end cover part 2 are close to the top of the two fixed short pins 29, adjust the end cover part 2 so that the last two flange holes 41 are respectively positioned and matched with the two fixed short pins 29 with a small gap, thereby achieving the effect of precise positioning; again, continue to push the end cover part 2 to be processed with force so that the end face of the disc-shaped wall 40 of the end cover part 2 to be processed contacts the surface of each annular pad 18. , so that after the end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 passes through the flange hole 41 on the end cover part 2, the self-locking steel ball 5 pops out from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet 24 under the thrust of the conical surface 26, so that the part of the self-locking steel ball 5 protruding from the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 is stuck in the hole end face 73 of the corresponding flange hole 41 away from the end of the annular pad 18. At this time, the passive thrust of the lower 1 / 2 spherical surface of the self-locking steel ball 5 from the hole end face 73 is not enough to force the self-locking steel ball 5 to retract into the inner cavity of the spring countersunk hole 20 of the pin shaft, thereby achieving the self-locking effect of the self-locking steel ball 5, and pulling the end cover part 2 to achieve the compression of the end cover part 2; thereby, the self-locking steel balls 5 on the four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 are ejected and lock the end cover part 2 to be processed.

[0042] Finally, another end cover part 2 to be processed is clamped according to the above operation method, and the positioning and clamping of the two end cover parts 2 to be processed in the tooling are completed in sequence.

[0043] At this time, in the clamped state, the target cutting arc contours 3 on the two groups of end cover parts 2 to be processed overlap on the same cylindrical surface contour and are coaxial with the slewing base 1.

[0044] Start the equipment, and the two groups of end cap parts 2 to be processed rotate with the tooling around the center of the lathe rotary table. The front end of the special groove turning tool extends downward from the upper end of the rotary base 1 into the cutting tool insertion channel 22, and the end of the special groove turning tool is at the height of the cutting ring groove 23. Then, according to the cutting program, two arc grooves with the inner contour of the groove being the target cutting arc contour 3 are synchronously processed on the two groups of end cap parts 2 to be processed;

[0045] Since the positioning and clamping surface 30 of the tooling is perpendicular to the gravity direction of the end cover part 2 during positioning and clamping, if the conventional pressing method with a pressure plate is adopted, after the positioning is completed, during the pressing process, the ideal state is that the four pressure plates simultaneously press the four supporting points. However, for such end cover products with a small output, if a large amount of resources are invested to design and manufacture lathe hydraulic tooling for turning arc grooves, the cost is too high for the enterprise. However, if a screw and nut mechanism is used to press the four supporting points one by one, the end cover part must be pressed by hand during the pressing operation to prevent it from tilting and ensure that the positioning surface and the pad block fit well. This is not only inconvenient to operate, but also extremely inefficient. In addition to the stable and reliable positioning and clamping, the tooling of the present invention has the advantage of being able to realize the rapid loading and unloading of the end cover parts in the tooling.

[0046] After the arc groove turning process is completed, forced thrust is applied to the top ends of the four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins 19 in turn, and each second cylindrical compression spring 51 is compressed under pressure, and the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin 19 retracts inward along the axis. At the same time, the lower 1 / 2 spherical surface of the self-locking steel ball 5 is subjected to an active forced thrust from the hole end face 73 obliquely upward, which is sufficient to force the self-locking steel ball 5 to squeeze the push column 7 downward to overcome the elastic force of the cylindrical compression spring 9 and move downward, thereby causing the self-locking steel ball 5 to retract into the inner cavity of the spring countersunk hole 20 of the pin shaft. At this time, the end cover part 2 can be pulled outward to be removed.

[0047] The present invention completely solves the difficulty of positioning and clamping in the processing of the arc groove of the end cover, and at the same time, the operation is simple and fast, the positioning and clamping reliability is high, and the processing accuracy and processing efficiency are greatly improved.

[0048] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotary base (1), wherein two mutually parallel positioning clamping surfaces (30) are arranged on both sides of the rotary base (1); a columnar cutting tool insertion channel (22) is coaxially arranged on the rotary base (1), and a cutting tool annular groove (23) is arranged on the inner wall of the cutting tool insertion channel (22); a processing window (27) is hollowed out on the positioning clamping surface (30), and the processing window (27) is connected to the cutting tool annular groove (23); in a clamped state, two groups of end cover parts (2) to be processed are clamped on the positioning clamping surfaces (30) on both sides of the rotary base (1); and the parts to be cut of the two groups of end cover parts (2) to be processed are located at the processing windows (27) of the corresponding positioning clamping surfaces (30).

2. According to claim 1, a steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts is characterized in that: The inner contour of the arc groove to be cut on the inner side of the end cover part (2) is recorded as the target cutting arc contour (3); in the clamped state, the target cutting arc contours (3) on the two sets of end cover parts (2) to be processed overlap on the same cylindrical surface contour and are coaxial with the slewing base (1).

3. The steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inner diameter of the target cutting arc contour (3) is not greater than the diameter of the inner contour (23a) of the cutting ring groove (23).

4. A steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the joint surface of the end cover part (2) to be processed is a disc-shaped wall (40), and the edges around the end surface of the disc-shaped wall (40) are vertically penetrated by a plurality of flange holes (41); A plurality of fixed long pins (28), a plurality of fixed short pins (29) and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins (19) are vertically arranged on the positioning clamping surface (30) of the rotary base (1) around the outer periphery of the processing window (27); The roots of a plurality of fixed long pins (28), a plurality of fixed short pins (29) and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins (19) are all detachably locked and fixed on the positioning clamping surface (30) through locking pieces; In the clamped state, a plurality of fixed long pins (28), a plurality of fixed short pins (29) and a plurality of quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins (19) are inserted one by one into a plurality of flange holes (41) on the joint surface of the end cover part (2) to be processed.

5. A steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two fixed long pins (28) on the positioning clamping surface (30), which are diagonally distributed on the positioning clamping surface (30); the fixed short pins (29) on the positioning clamping surface (30) include a cylindrical pin and a diamond pin which are diagonally distributed; there are four quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pins (19) on the positioning clamping surface (30), which are distributed in a rectangular array around the processing window (27).

6. A steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) is coaxially sleeved with an annular spacer block (18) at the location of the positioning clamping surface (30), the annular spacer block (18) is clamped in the clamping groove (10) on the positioning clamping surface (30), and is locked in the clamping groove (10) by a screw (17), and the surface of the annular spacer block (18) protrudes from the positioning clamping surface (30); The upper section of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) is provided with a spring countersunk hole (20), the bottom of the spring countersunk hole (20) is provided with a cylindrical compression spring (9), the upper end of the cylindrical compression spring (9) is supported by a push column (7), the outer peripheral surface of the push column (7) is movably matched with the inner wall of the spring countersunk hole (20); the two sides of the upper part of the push column (7) are respectively provided with a vertical plane (70) and a conical surface (26); the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole (20) close to the vertical plane (70) is vertically hollowed out with a threaded hole (25), and the inner wall of the upper section of the spring countersunk hole (20) close to the conical surface (26) is hollowed out with a threaded hole (25). A steel ball bayonet (24) is provided with a self-locking steel ball (5) in the steel ball bayonet (24), wherein the self-locking steel ball (5) is tangent to the conical surface (26), and under the elastic force of the cylindrical compression spring (9), the conical surface (26) presses the self-locking steel ball (5) obliquely upward, so that the self-locking steel ball (5) is clamped into the steel ball bayonet (24) under the oblique upward thrust of the conical surface (26), and the self-locking steel ball (5) is completely positioned under the joint constraint of the inner wall of the steel ball bayonet (24) and the conical surface (26), and a portion less than one-half of the self-locking steel ball (5) protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet (24) to the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19).

7. A steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the clamped state, the end face of the disc-shaped wall (40) of the end cover part (2) to be processed is limitedly contacted with the surface of each annular spacer block (18), and each locking steel ball (5) protrudes from the outer end of the steel ball bayonet (24) beyond the outer cylindrical surface of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) to be clamped in the hole end face (73) of the corresponding flange hole (41) away from one end of the annular spacer block (18).

8. The steel ball self-locking quick loading and unloading device for turning arc grooves of end cover parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the slot (10) is coaxially provided with a shoulder movable countersunk hole (53), and the outer wall of the lower part of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) is provided with an annular shoulder (50), and the annular shoulder (50) is coaxially movably matched in the shoulder movable countersunk hole (53), and a second cylindrical compression spring (51) is arranged in the shoulder movable countersunk hole (53), and the second cylindrical compression spring (51) forms an axial elastic force on the annular shoulder (50). The force is applied to make the side of the annular shoulder (50) away from the second cylindrical compression spring (51) close to the limiting matching annular pad block (18); the center of the bottom end of the movable countersunk hole (53) of the shoulder is penetrated by a pin bottom end through hole (90), the bottom external thread end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) passes through the pin bottom end through hole (90), and the bottom external thread end of the quick-change self-locking steel ball spring pin (19) is threadedly locked with a locking nut (100).

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