Ecological regreening assembly type structure for road cutting rock slopes of public and railway and mounting method of ecological regreening assembly type structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a highway and railway cutting rock slope ecological regreening assembly type structure which comprises a plurality of assembly type module bags fixed to cutting rock slopes on the two sides of a highway or a railway through fixing anchor rods. Each assembly type module bag is formed by stacking a storage pocket bag, a three-dimensional net layer, a nutrient soil matrix bag, a green recovery seed bag, a covering matrix bag and a covering net cover in sequence. According to the fabricated structure, fabricated splicing on the rock slope can be achieved, and the ecological regreening effect with high operability and high survival rate can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration of slopes, and in particular relates to an assembled structure for ecological restoration of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] When building roads in mountainous areas, it is often necessary to blast or excavate the mountains on the planned roads. After the roads are built, the mountains on both sides are exposed. With the natural erosion of wind and rain, falling rocks may occur, endangering driving safety, and the exposed stones also affect the ecological beauty. The existing slope ecological greening is mostly high and steep soil slopes, and most of them use imported soil spraying technology, three-dimensional vegetation net spraying technology, and thick soil matrix spraying technology. Special spraying machinery is required for operation, and the construction is complicated and the cost is high. It is convenient for large-scale construction in the early stage. If the plants in a small area do not grow well in the later stage, special spraying machinery is used for construction when local supplementation is needed, resulting in high costs, and the spray planting method has limited effect on the ecological greening of rock slopes. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the various drawbacks of the existing rock slope ecological restoration methods, such as the lack of effective methods, and the lack of obvious effects, and to propose an assembled structure and installation method for ecological restoration of rock slopes on highway and railway cuttings. This assembled structure can achieve the ecological restoration effect of assembled splicing on rock slopes, high operability, and high survival rate.

[0004] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: A prefabricated structure for ecological regreening of rock slopes on road and railway cuttings, the structure comprising a plurality of prefabricated module packages fixed on the rock slopes on both sides of the road or railway cuttings by fixed anchor rods, each prefabricated module package comprising a storage pocket, a three-dimensional net layer, a nutrient soil matrix package, a regreening seed package, a covering matrix package and a covering net cover stacked in sequence.

[0005] The storage pocket bag is a square box with a square bottom. A grid is provided on the bottom of the box. The grid forms a mesh with staggered longitude and latitude, which is convenient for longitudinal drainage and prevents plant root rot. At the same time, the mesh with staggered longitude and latitude has a certain mechanical bite with the local protrusions of the rock slope, which reduces sliding along the slope and ensures the stability of the assembled module package. The interior of the box is divided into 4 independent cells by partitions. A three-dimensional mesh layer, a nutrient soil matrix bag and a regreening seed bag are placed in each cell from bottom to top. A group of vertical square long leakage holes for drainage are provided at intervals on the lower side of the box to help timely lateral drainage when there is sufficient rainfall. Two rows of string ears are provided on each outer side of the box. The string ears of adjacent storage pocket bags are staggered in height and are fixed to the rock slope after being connected in series by fixed anchor rods.

[0006] A vertical connecting rod is provided inside each independent cell of the storage pocket bag, the bottom of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the grid, and a curable fork body is provided on the upper end of the connecting rod to ensure that the three-dimensional mesh layer and the nutrient soil matrix bag are further fixed to the storage pocket bag.

[0007] The curable fork body includes a curable resin fork body, which is located in the inner cavity of the connecting rod and forms a closed space with the inner cavity of the connecting rod part. A first gas producing solution bag and a second gas producing solution bag are arranged in the closed space. Then the top of the connecting rod is threadedly connected to the threaded cap. The curable resin fork body is enclosed with a non-toxic and harmless resin that can slowly cure when exposed to air. After the first gas producing solution bag and the second gas producing solution bag are squeezed and ruptured, the built-in reaction solution can slowly and steadily produce nitrogen. The nitrogen is blown into the curable resin fork body in the closed space to deform and expand it. After curing, the curable resin fork body shaped like a tree branch further fixes the three-dimensional mesh layer, the nutrient soil matrix bag and the storage pocket bag.

[0008] The three-dimensional mesh layer is composed of three-dimensional interwoven geosynthetics, which has the characteristics of abundant spatial holes, random size and position, and certain strength. On the one hand, it can be interwoven with the raised slope stones at the bottom to protect the slope, and on the other hand, it can contain the nutrient soil scattered after the upper nutrient soil matrix package is dissolved in water. After assembling the three-dimensional mesh layer, a layer of slow-release fertilizer mixed with nutrient soil is laid to allow it to infiltrate and provide nutrients for the greening plants for a long time.

[0009] The nutrient soil matrix bag is composed of a dry nutrient soil matrix wrapped in a water-soluble non-woven fabric, and the nutrient soil matrix ratio can adopt a commonly used formula in the market.

[0010] The regreening seed bag is composed of seeds of native slope control plants wrapped in water-soluble non-woven fabric. Different seeds or multiple seeds with different combinations can be configured according to the conditions of the control site.

[0011] The covering matrix bag is composed of a soil matrix wrapped with a water-soluble non-woven fabric, and can cover the nutrient soil matrix bags and the regreening seed bags in four independent cells.

[0012] The lower end of the covering net cover can be partially embedded in the storage pocket. The covering net cover is provided with grids for facilitating the growth of plants. Each outer side of the covering net cover is provided with two rows of fixed ears. When the covering net cover is embedded in the storage pocket, the center lines of the fixed ears of the covering net cover and the ears of the storage pocket are on the same vertical line.

[0013] The top dimension of the partition inside the storage pocket is lower than the top dimension of the storage pocket.

[0014] A method for installing an ecological restoration greening prefabricated structure for rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings, comprising the above-mentioned ecological restoration greening prefabricated structure for rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings, the method comprising the following steps: 1) Slope treatment: For rock slopes to be reforested, severely eroded and differentiated rocks are broken by human intervention to avoid falling rocks and injuries during subsequent construction; 2) Assemble the assembled module bag: fill the three-dimensional mesh layer, nutrient soil matrix bag, regreening seed bag, and covering matrix bag in the storage bag in sequence, and finally use the covering mesh cover to complete the covering. When arranging the three-dimensional mesh layer, the connecting rod at the bottom of the storage bag passes through the three-dimensional mesh layer, and then unscrew the threaded cap above the curable resin fork body, squeeze the first gas production solution bag and the second gas production solution bag through the unexpanded and cured curable resin fork body, so that the built-in reaction solution generates a gas production reaction and blows the curable resin fork body to expand and solidify it. After solidification, the curable resin fork body shaped like a tree branch further fixes the three-dimensional mesh layer and the nutrient soil matrix bag to the storage bag. The lower end of the covering mesh cover is slightly smaller than the storage bag and can be nested to a certain depth. Then use binding wire to tie the string ears and adjacent fixed string ears, 4 sides and 8 columns, a total of 16; 3) Install the fixed anchor rod: Install the fixed anchor rod according to the position of the fixed string ear of the assembled module package. The fixed anchor rod is driven into the rock slope to a certain depth to ensure the firmness of the subsequent installation. In addition, ensure that the length of the fixed anchor rod exposed on the slope is higher than the height of the fixed string ear of the assembled module package; 4) Assembly of prefabricated module packages: Assemble the prefabricated module packages according to the slope conditions. The fixed string ears of the prefabricated module packages connected to each other are staggered and fixed after being inserted into the fixed anchor rods; 5) Watering and moistening the soil: After the entire slope assembly module package is assembled, use a watering truck to water the nutrient soil matrix package, the regreening seed package and the covering matrix package to dissolve the outer soluble water bag. After the dissolution, the green plant seeds in the regreening seed package will contact the upper and lower nutrient soil layers, and then germinate and grow. This process can also wait for natural precipitation; 6) Daily maintenance: According to the growth of regreening plants, some areas with poor growth can be supplemented with nutrient soil matrix packs, regreening seed packs and covering matrix packs; 7) For areas with poor growing conditions, a layer of wire mesh can be laid after installing the fixed anchor rods, and the assembled module packages can be spliced ​​after adding gravel / soil growth matrix. The nutrient soil matrix package and covering matrix package in the assembled module package should be appropriately thickened.

[0015] This technical solution can provide new ideas and solutions for rockfall protection and ecological reforestation of rock slopes. The structure can be assembled at will according to the on-site slope conditions to adapt to changes in slope gradients. The three-dimensional net layer, nutrient soil matrix package and reforestation seed package are packaged independently to meet the needs of local replanting in the later stage.

[0016] This prefabricated structure can achieve ecological restoration effects on rock slopes with high assembly splicing, high operability and high survival rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the prefabricated structure for ecological greening of rock slopes; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the assembled module packages in the embodiment being spliced ​​together by fixed anchor rods; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the assembled module package in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the storage pocket in the embodiment; Figure 5 2 is a structural diagram of a connecting member in an embodiment.

[0018] In the figure, 1. Assembled module package 11. Storage pocket 111. Grid 112. Rectangular long leak hole 113. Partition 114. Connecting rod 1142. Threaded cap 1143. Curable resin fork body 1145. First gas production solution package 1146. Second gas production solution package 115. String ear 12. Three-dimensional mesh layer 13. Nutrient soil matrix package 14. Regreening seed package 15. Covering matrix package 16. Covering mesh cover 161. Fixed string ear 2. Fixed anchor rod 3. Highway / railway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The content of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example

[0020] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 A prefabricated structure for ecological regreening of rock slopes on highway and railway cuttings, the structure comprising a plurality of prefabricated module packages 1 fixed on the rock slopes on both sides of the road or railway cuttings 3 by fixed anchor rods 2, each prefabricated module package 1 is composed of a storage pocket 11, a three-dimensional mesh layer 12, a nutrient soil matrix package 13, a regreening seed package 14, a covering matrix package 15 and a covering mesh cover 16 stacked in sequence.

[0021] like Figure 4 As shown, the storage pocket 11 is a square box with a square bottom. A grid 111 is provided on the bottom of the box. The grid 111 forms a mesh with staggered longitude and latitude, which is convenient for longitudinal drainage and prevents plant root rot. At the same time, the staggered longitude and latitude mesh has a certain mechanical bite with the local protrusions of the rock slope, which reduces sliding along the slope and ensures the stability of the assembled module bag 1. The interior of the box is divided into 4 independent cells by a partition 113. A three-dimensional mesh layer 12, a nutrient soil matrix bag 13 and a regreening seed bag 14 are placed in each cell from bottom to top. A group of vertical square long leakage holes 112 for drainage are provided at intervals on the lower side of the box to help timely lateral drainage when there is sufficient rainfall. Two rows of string ears 115 are provided on each outer side of the box. The string ears 115 of adjacent storage pocket bags 11 are staggered in height and are fixed to the rock slope after being connected in series by fixed anchor rods 2.

[0022] A vertical connecting rod 114 is provided inside each independent cell of the storage pocket bag 11. The bottom of the connecting rod 114 is fixedly connected to the grid 111, and a curable fork body is provided on the upper end of the connecting rod 114 to ensure that the three-dimensional mesh layer 12 and the nutrient soil matrix bag 13 are further fixed to the storage pocket bag 11.

[0023] The curable branch body includes a curable resin branch body 1143, which is located in the inner cavity of the connecting rod 114 and forms a closed space with part of the inner cavity of the connecting rod 114. A first gas production solution bag 1145 and a second gas production solution bag 1146 are arranged in the closed space, and then the closed space is threadedly connected to the top of the connecting rod 114 through a threaded cap 1142. The curable resin branch body 1143 contains a non-toxic and harmless resin that can be slowly cured by contact with air. After the first gas production solution bag 1145 and the second gas production solution bag 1146 are squeezed and ruptured, the built-in reaction solution can slowly and stably produce nitrogen. The nitrogen is blown into the curable resin branch body 1143 in the closed space to deform and expand it. After curing, the resin shaped like a tree branch further fixes the three-dimensional mesh layer 12 and the nutrient soil matrix bag 13 to the storage pocket bag 11. Figure 5 shown.

[0024] The three-dimensional mesh layer 12 is composed of three-dimensional interwoven geosynthetics, and has the characteristics of abundant spatial holes, random size and position, and certain strength. On the one hand, it can be interwoven with the raised slope stones at the bottom to protect the slope, and on the other hand, it can contain the nutrient soil scattered after the upper nutrient soil matrix bag 13 is dissolved in water. After assembling the three-dimensional mesh, a layer of slow-release fertilizer mixed with nutrient soil is laid to allow it to infiltrate and provide nutrients for the greening plants for a long time.

[0025] The nutrient soil matrix bag 13 is composed of a dry nutrient soil matrix wrapped with a water-soluble non-woven fabric, and the nutrient soil matrix ratio can adopt a commonly used formula in the market.

[0026] The regreening seed package 14 is composed of water-soluble non-woven fabric wrapped with native slope control plant seeds. Different seeds or multiple seeds with different combinations can be configured according to the conditions of the control site.

[0027] The covering matrix bag 15 is composed of a soil matrix wrapped with a water-soluble non-woven fabric, and can cover the nutrient soil matrix bags 13 and the regreening plant seed bags 14 in the four independent cells.

[0028] The lower end of the covering mesh cover 16 can be partially embedded in the storage pocket 11. The covering mesh cover 16 is provided with grids for the plants to grow out. Each outer side of the covering mesh cover 16 is provided with two rows of fixed ears 161. When the covering mesh cover 16 is embedded in the storage pocket 11, the center lines of the fixed ears 161 of the covering mesh cover 16 and the ears 115 of the storage pocket 11 are on the same vertical line.

[0029] The top dimension of the inner partition 113 of the storage pocket 11 is lower than the top dimension of the storage pocket 11 .

[0030] A method for installing an ecological restoration greening prefabricated structure for rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings, comprising the above-mentioned ecological restoration greening prefabricated structure for rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings, the method comprising the following steps: 1) Slope treatment: For rock slopes to be reforested, severely eroded and differentiated rocks are broken by human intervention to avoid falling rocks and injuries during subsequent construction; 2) Assembling the assembled module bag 1: fill the three-dimensional mesh layer 12, the nutrient soil matrix bag 13, the regreening seed bag 14, and the covering matrix bag 15 in the storage bag 11 in sequence, and finally use the covering mesh cover 16 to complete the covering. When arranging the three-dimensional mesh layer 12, the bottom connecting rod 114 of the storage bag 11 passes through the three-dimensional mesh layer 12, and then unscrew the threaded cap 1142 above the curable resin fork 1143, and squeeze the first gas production solution bag 11 through the uncured curable resin fork 1143. 45 and the second gas-generating solution bag 1146, so that the built-in reaction solution generates a gas-generating reaction and the curable resin fork body 1143 is blown in to expand and solidify. After solidification, the curable resin fork body 1143 shaped like a tree branch further fixes the three-dimensional net layer 12 and the nutrient soil matrix bag 13 with the storage pocket bag 11. The size of the covering net cover 16 is slightly smaller than the storage pocket bag 11 and can be nested to a certain depth. Then, the string ear 115 and the adjacent fixed string ear 161 are tied with binding wire, and there are 16 in total on 4 sides and 8 rows; 3) Install the fixed anchor rod 2: Install the fixed anchor rod 2 according to the fixed string ear position of the assembled module package 1. The fixed anchor rod 2 is driven into the rock slope to a certain depth to ensure the firmness of the subsequent installation. In addition, ensure that the length of the fixed anchor rod 2 exposed on the slope is higher than the height of the fixed string ear of the assembled module package 1; 4) Assembly of prefabricated module packages 1: Assemble the prefabricated module packages 1 according to the slope conditions, and the fixed string ears of the prefabricated module packages 1 connected to each other are staggered, inserted into the fixed anchor rods 2 and fixed; 5) Sprinkle water to moisten the soil: After the entire slope assembly module package 1 is assembled, use a sprinkler truck to sprinkle water to moisten the nutrient soil matrix package 13, the regreening seed package 14 and the covering matrix package 15, so that the outer layer of the soluble water bag dissolves, and the green plant seeds inside come into contact with the upper and lower layers of nutrient soil, and germinate and grow in the later stage. This process can also wait for natural precipitation; 6) Daily maintenance: According to the growth of the regreening plants, some areas with poor growth can be supplemented with nutrient soil matrix bag 13, regreening seed bag 14 and covering matrix bag 15; 7) For areas with poor growth conditions, a layer of wire mesh can be laid after installing the fixed anchor rod 2, and the assembled module package 1 can be spliced ​​after adding gravel / soil growth matrix. The nutrient soil matrix package 13 and the covering matrix package 15 in the assembled module package 1 are appropriately thickened.

Claims

1. An assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes on highway and railway cuttings, characterized in that: The structure includes a plurality of assembled module packages fixed on the rock slopes of the road cuts on both sides of the highway or railway by fixed anchor rods, and each assembled module package is composed of a storage pocket bag, a three-dimensional net layer, a nutrient soil matrix bag, a regreening seed bag, a covering matrix bag and a covering net cover stacked in sequence.

2. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes on highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage pocket bag is a square box with a square bottom. The bottom of the box is provided with a grid. The interior of the box is divided into four independent cells by partitions. A three-dimensional mesh layer, a nutrient soil matrix bag and a regreening seed bag are placed in each cell from bottom to top. A group of vertical square long leakage holes for drainage are arranged at intervals on the lower side of the box. Two rows of string ears are provided on each outer side of the box. The string ears of adjacent storage pocket bags are staggered in height and are fixed on the rock slope after being connected in series by fixed anchor rods.

3. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A vertical connecting rod is arranged inside each independent compartment of the storage pocket, the bottom of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the grid, and a curable fork body is arranged at the upper end of the connecting rod.

4. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The curable fork body includes a curable resin fork body, which is located in the inner cavity of the connecting rod and forms a closed space with the inner cavity of the connecting rod. The first gas production solution package and the second gas production solution package are arranged in the closed space, and then the top of the connecting rod is threadedly connected with the threaded cap.

5. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The three-dimensional net layer is composed of three-dimensionally interwoven geosynthetics.

6. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nutrient soil matrix bag is composed of a dry nutrient soil matrix wrapped with water-soluble non-woven fabric.

7. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The regreening seed bag is composed of water-soluble non-woven fabric wrapping the seeds of native slope control plants.

8. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The covering substrate bag is composed of a soil substrate wrapped with water-soluble non-woven fabric.

9. The assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower end of the covering net cover can be partially embedded in the storage pocket. The covering net cover is provided with grids for facilitating the growth of plants. Each outer side of the covering net cover is provided with two rows of fixed ears. When the covering net cover is embedded in the storage pocket, the center lines of the fixed ears of the covering net cover and the ears of the storage pocket are on the same vertical line.

10. A method for installing an assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes on highway and railway cuttings, characterized in that: The method comprises the assembled structure for ecological greening of rock slopes of highway and railway cuttings as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) Slope treatment: For rock slopes to be reforested, severely eroded and differentiated rocks are broken by human intervention to avoid falling rocks and injuries during subsequent construction; 2) Assemble the assembled module bag: fill the storage bag with a three-dimensional mesh layer, a nutrient soil matrix bag, a regreening seed bag, and a covering matrix bag in sequence, and finally use the covering mesh cover to complete the covering. When arranging the three-dimensional mesh layer, the connecting rod at the bottom of the storage bag passes through the three-dimensional mesh layer, and then unscrew the threaded cap above the curable resin fork body, squeeze the first gas-producing solution bag and the second gas-producing solution bag through the unexpanded and cured curable resin fork body, so that the built-in reaction solution generates a gas-producing reaction and blows the curable resin fork body to expand and solidify it. After solidification, the curable resin fork body shaped like a tree branch further fixes the three-dimensional mesh layer and the nutrient soil matrix bag to the storage bag, and the lower end of the covering mesh cover can be nested in the storage bag to a certain depth, and then the string ears and adjacent fixed string ears are tied with binding wire, 4 sides and 8 columns, a total of 16; 3) Install the fixed anchor rod: Install the fixed anchor rod according to the position of the fixed string ear of the assembled module package. The fixed anchor rod is driven into the rock slope to a certain depth to ensure the firmness of the subsequent installation. In addition, ensure that the length of the fixed anchor rod exposed on the slope is higher than the height of the fixed string ear of the assembled module package; 4) Assembly of prefabricated module packages: Assemble the prefabricated module packages according to the slope conditions. The fixed string ears of the prefabricated module packages connected to each other are staggered and fixed after being inserted into the fixed anchor rods; 5) Watering and moistening the soil: After the entire slope assembly module package is assembled, use a watering truck to water the nutrient soil matrix package, the regreening seed package and the covering matrix package to dissolve the outer soluble water bag. After the dissolution, the green plant seeds in the regreening seed package will contact the upper and lower nutrient soil layers, and then germinate and grow. This process can also wait for natural precipitation; 6) Daily maintenance: According to the growth of regreening plants, some areas with poor growth can be supplemented with nutrient soil matrix packs, regreening seed packs and covering matrix packs; 7) For areas with poor growing conditions, a layer of wire mesh can be laid after installing the fixed anchor rods, and the assembled module packages can be spliced ​​after adding gravel / soil growth matrix. The nutrient soil matrix package and covering matrix package in the assembled module package should be appropriately thickened.

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