A water-induced vibration measuring device for drilling cracks and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for measuring borehole cracks using water-induced vibrations and a method for using the device, which belongs to the field of underground engineering for lanes, subways, and tunnels. The device includes a central rod, a water-induced vibration measurement system, and a tray fixing device. After the rod is fully filled with water to the entire surface of the anchor hole through a high-pressure air pump, the water-induced vibration measurement device starts to operate. The vibration of the vibrating rod on the surface of the rod stimulates the water in the anchor hole to vibrate. The water-induced vibration measuring instrument can sense the change in vibration energy in the anchor hole crack and convert it into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to an external data processor through a data line. The processor converts the electrical signal into a vibration energy diagram, thereby determining the distribution of water in the anchor hole crack, thereby realizing the detection function of the anchor hole crack. The structure of the invention can detect the precise position of the crack in the anchor hole, and has the advantages of accurate detection, reasonable structure, stable function, and economic applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a water-induced vibration measuring device for a borehole fissure and a use method thereof, and belongs to the field of underground engineering of lanes, subways and tunnels. Background Art

[0002] During tunnel excavation and coal and non-coal mining, as construction progresses, cracks in the surrounding rock can develop if the surrounding rock becomes unstable, potentially compromising the stability of the entire project and causing direct safety hazards and property losses. Anchor hole cracks can adversely affect building structures, including weakening structural strength, causing deformation and displacement, transmitting sound and vibration, increasing the risk of water infiltration and corrosion, and increasing safety risks. Regardless of whether these cracks affect the normal operation of the project, a thorough inspection of the surrounding rock cracks is essential, posing a significant challenge to current crack detection methods.

[0003] Currently, methods for detecting cracks in surrounding rock are very limited. Current technologies for detecting cracks in anchor holes primarily include visual inspection, videography, and ultrasonic testing. One commonly used method for detecting cracks in anchor holes is visual inspection to assess the crack condition. This method relies on manual visual observation, but is subject to subjective factors and limited field of view, making it inaccurate and incomplete. In recent years, with the advancement of video technology, the use of cameras for anchor hole crack detection has become increasingly common. Video technology provides high-resolution images and videos, helping engineers observe and assess the size, shape, and distribution of cracks. This method typically requires placing a camera in the borehole and transmitting the image via cables or wireless technology. Ultrasonic technology is a commonly used non-destructive testing method, also suitable for anchor hole crack detection. Ultrasonic technology detects cracks and defects within a material by transmitting an ultrasonic beam through it. The received ultrasonic signal can be used to assess the size, shape, and location of the crack. However, these methods still have limitations, such as subjectivity, field of view limitations, and signal interference. Therefore, research and innovation in anchor hole crack detection technology is very necessary to improve the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of detection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical problem: In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, a water-induced vibration measurement device for drilled cracks and a method of using the device are provided, which can simply and efficiently detect crack information in the anchor hole, which is conducive to preventing accidents, improving structural reliability, reducing maintenance costs, protecting personnel and property safety, and improving project quality.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention discloses a water-induced vibration measuring device for borehole fractures, comprising a central rod body, a water-induced vibration measuring device provided on the central rod body, a tray system provided at the tail of the central rod body, and the water-induced vibration measuring device connected to a pore pressure alarm via a generator;

[0006] The interior of the central rod body is provided with four water injection pipes arranged axially at equal intervals. All the water injection pipes at the tail end of the central rod body are connected to a high-pressure air pump through an anti-backflow device. The anti-backflow device is used to prevent the rapid backflow of water from damaging the device and can also be used as a pipe switch. The end of the central rod body closes the water injection pipe and is provided with a retractable buffer head, which prevents the central rod body from damaging the anchor hole during the process of penetrating into the anchor hole.

[0007] The water-induced vibration measuring device as a whole includes a vibration device, a nozzle device and a water-induced vibration measuring instrument arranged regularly on the outside of the central rod body, wherein a plurality of groups of nozzle devices connected to four internal water injection pipes are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the central rod body, and each group of nozzle devices includes four conical nozzles arranged around the central rod body for evenly spraying water in the entire circumferential direction, and fully filling the cracks in the anchor hole with water, and the vibration device is a plurality of groups of vibration rods attached and distributed along the circumference of the outer periphery of the central rod body and arranged at intervals, and each group of vibration rods includes four vibration rods evenly distributed around the central rod body, and all water-induced vibration measuring instruments are connected to a data processing instrument arranged outside the borehole through a data cable; the water-induced vibration measuring instrument converts the vibration energy of the water in the anchor hole detected into an electrical signal, and transmits it to the data processing instrument through the data cable, and the data processor processes these electrical signals and converts these electrical signals into position data, and finally stores them in a searchable location in the form of a data file;

[0008] The tray system includes a threaded inner tray close to the borehole wall and a ring tray and a pad that match it and are inverted on the borehole wall. Multiple high-strength fixing bolts are used to pass through the openings on the pad and pass through the ring tray. Finally, the threaded ends of the high-strength fixing bolts are fixedly connected to the threaded holes on the threaded inner tray. Multiple high-strength fixing bolts are installed around the central rod to fix the tray system. The threaded inner tray is also provided with an emergency air supply hole connected to the anchor hole and a hole pressure alarm for monitoring the water pressure in the hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the central rod body is a solid rod body, and the rod body can be fixed when the retractable buffer head at the end of the central rod body touches the bottom of the anchor hole; the water-induced vibration measuring instrument is connected to a generator and powered by the generator. Each water-induced vibration measuring instrument is connected by a separate data line, and these data lines are finally unified and finally connected to the data processor.

[0010] Furthermore, the vibrating rod is a plastic column that is inclined at 35 to 75 degrees along the rod body. Its softness prevents the device from damaging the anchor hole during the penetration process.

[0011] Furthermore, when the water pressure exceeds the preset value, the pore pressure alarm is triggered. At this time, the emergency air supply hole will automatically open to balance the air pressure in the anchor hole to prevent excessive pressure from causing further development of cracks and affecting the detection results. After the water in the pore is fully injected and reaches a stable state, all vibrating rods are started at the same time. As the water-induced vibrator continues to detect during the vibration process, the data of the cross-sectional information in all anchor holes will be converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the data processing instrument by the data line. The data processing instrument will analyze and select based on the electrical signals generated by the water-induced vibrator. After comprehensive analysis of all data, the final image of the entire anchor hole will be synthesized according to the cross-sectional position. Finally, the corresponding data processing and imaging simulation technology can be used to output the final three-dimensional image of the anchor hole cracks.

[0012] Furthermore, the vibrating rod is connected to a rechargeable battery that provides energy for its operation. The water-induced vibration measuring instrument, the vibrating device assembly, and the nozzle assembly are arranged in a circular pattern from the head to the tail of the central rod body, in the following order: the vibrating device assembly, the nozzle assembly, the water-induced vibration measuring instrument, the nozzle assembly, and the vibrating device assembly.

[0013] A method for using a device for measuring water-induced vibration of a borehole fracture comprises the following steps:

[0014] First, an anchor hole is drilled to the required depth at a pre-marked location in the surrounding rock. The central rod is slowly inserted into the anchor hole until the retractable buffer head can no longer retract, indicating that the end of the anchor hole has been reached. The threaded inner tray is then placed against the outer wall of the anchor hole and connected to the outer ring tray via a pad using multiple high-strength fixing bolts.

[0015] After the fixing work is completed, the water injection pipe is connected to the external high-pressure air pump, and the high-pressure air pump is connected to the external water tank. After the high-pressure air pump is started, it will drive water to flow from the external water storage device and enter the water injection pipe inside the central rod body. The water in the water injection pipe is sprayed evenly along the circumference through the conical nozzle on the surface of the central rod body, and finally fills the entire anchor hole and even the cracks;

[0016] The water pressure in the anchor hole will continue to increase with the water injection process. When the water pressure exceeds the preset value, the pore pressure alarm will be triggered. At this time, the emergency air supply hole will be opened and the water injection pressure will be reduced at the same time, so that the pore pressure in the anchor hole reaches a stable state.

[0017] Once a stable state is reached, the vibrating rod and the water-induced vibration meter are simultaneously activated. The vibrating rod, controlled by its own battery, causes the water in the pore to vibrate and generate vibration energy. The water-induced vibration meter accurately detects the vibration energy of the water in the pore, sensing energy changes within the anchor hole cracks. This energy change is then converted into an electrical signal, which is transmitted via a data cable to an external data processor. The data processor analyzes the vibration information of the pore pressure water to locate the subtle vibrations of the water in the anchor hole, ultimately generating positional data for the cracks within the anchor hole. Through appropriate data processing and imaging simulation, the positional information of each cross-section within the anchor hole is finally mapped, forming the final crack image.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The present invention injects water into the anchor hole and vibrates it, and detects the existence, size and direction of cracks in the anchor hole through the received vibration information, and evaluates its impact on the project, so that corresponding preventive measures can be taken or the design scheme can be adjusted in time. This device simplifies the crack detection steps, and through the simple pore water vibration principle, it is not only low-cost, but also does not cause damage to the project due to the detection process, reducing risks and losses. By detecting cracks based on the water-induced vibration principle, the precise position and direction of the cracks in the surrounding rock can be detected, and the detection means are efficient and easy to operate. Research and application of this new anchor hole crack detection method can eliminate the potential risks brought by cracks to construction, which not only improves the safety of the project, but also improves the quality and efficiency of the project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of drilling in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a water-induced vibration measuring device for a borehole fissure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation of a water-induced vibration measuring device for a borehole fracture according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] FIG4( a ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a central rod vibrating rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] FIG4( b ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water-induced vibration measuring instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] FIG4( c ) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tapered nozzle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the central rod in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the inner and outer trays in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7Schematic diagram of the cross section of the anchor hole and crack in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-surrounding rock, 2-anchor hole, 3-conical nozzle, 4-center rod, 5-hydraulic vibration measuring instrument, 6-crack, 7-vibrating rod, 8-data cable, 9-rechargeable battery, 10-retractable buffer head, 11-emergency air supply hole, 12-threaded section, 13-threaded inner tray, 14-annular tray, 15-pad, 16-high-strength fixing bolt, 17-water injection pipe, 18-anti-backflow device, 19-high-pressure air pump, 20-data processor, 21-generator, 22-pore pressure alarm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments in the accompanying drawings:

[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention discloses a water-induced vibration measuring device for drilled cracks, comprising a central rod 4, a water-induced vibration measuring device and a tray fixing device.

[0031] The central rod 4 is solid but porous internally, with the hydraulic vibration meter, vibrating device, and nozzle assembly arranged regularly along its axis. Within the central rod 4, three to seven water injection pipes 17 are evenly spaced along its circumference. These pipes 17 are connected to an external high-pressure air pump 19, which uses high pressure to inject water into the holes and fill all anchor holes 2 and fissures 6. A backflow prevention device 18 is installed within the water injection pipe 17 to prevent damage from rapid backflow of water after the device stops operating. The backflow prevention device 18 also serves as a pipe switch.

[0032] The central rod body 4 is fixed to the outside through the threaded section 12 on the threaded inner tray 13 and the high-strength fixing bolts 16. The threaded inner tray 13 is also provided with an emergency air supply hole 11 and a borehole pressure alarm 22. The borehole pressure alarm 22 can monitor the water pressure in the hole in real time. When the water pressure exceeds a certain value, it is triggered. At this time, the emergency air supply hole 11 will automatically open to balance the air pressure in the hole to prevent excessive pressure from causing further development of cracks and affecting the detection results. The head of the central rod body 4 is provided with a retractable buffer head 10. The retractable buffer head 10 can be freely extended and retracted to prevent the rod body from damaging the anchor hole during the process of penetrating into the anchor hole. The central rod body 4 has a water-induced vibration measuring instrument, a vibration device and a nozzle device regularly arranged along the axis. The nozzle device is a conical nozzle 3, which is connected to the water injection pipe 17 in the hole and is evenly distributed along the circumference, and can spray water evenly in the entire circumferential direction. The vibration device is a vibrating rod 7 attached to the outside of the hole, which can vibrate at a fixed frequency after the pores in the anchor hole are filled. The water-induced vibration meter can detect this vibration and collect the vibration data of the water in the crack, as shown in Figures 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c).

[0033] An annular tray 17 is also provided outside the threaded inner tray 13 , wherein the pad 15 of the high-strength fixing bolts 16 is fixed to the annular tray 17 , and the high-strength fixing bolts 16 connect and fasten the threaded inner tray 13 and the annular tray 17 , playing a dual fixing role.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, its usage and steps are as follows: First, drill an anchor hole 2 to the desired depth at a pre-marked location in the surrounding rock 1. Slowly insert the central rod 4 into the anchor hole 2. When the retractable buffer head 10 stops extending, it indicates that it has reached the end of the anchor hole 2. Then, the threaded inner tray 13 is placed against the outer wall of the anchor hole and connected to the outer ring tray 14 via the backing plate 15 using high-strength fixing bolts 16. The entire device is fixed.

[0035] After the fixing work is completed, the water injection pipe 17 is connected to the external high-pressure air pump 19, and the high-pressure air pump 19 is connected to the external water tank. After the high-pressure air pump 19 is started, it will drive water to flow from the external water storage device and enter the water injection pipe 17 inside the rod body. The water in the water injection pipe 17 is evenly sprayed along the circumference through the conical nozzle 3 on the surface of the rod body, and finally fills the entire anchor hole and even the cracks.

[0036] When the water is about to be filled, the water pressure in the hole will continue to increase with the water injection process. When the water pressure exceeds a certain value, the hole pressure alarm 22 will be triggered. At this time, the emergency air supply hole 11 will be opened, and the water injection pressure will be reduced at the same time, and finally the hole will reach a stable state.

[0037] After reaching a stable state, the vibrating rod 7 and the water-induced vibration measuring instrument 5 are simultaneously turned on. The vibrating rod, controlled by its own battery 9, causes the water in the pore to vibrate and generate vibration energy. The water-induced vibration measuring instrument can accurately detect the vibration energy of the water in the pore and sense the energy changes in the anchor hole cracks. This energy change is then converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to an external data processor 20 via a data line 8. The data processor 20 analyzes the vibration information of the pore pressure water, locates the subtle vibrations of the water in the anchor hole, and ultimately generates the position data of the cracks in the anchor hole. Through corresponding data processing and imaging simulation, the position information of each cross section in the anchor hole is finally mapped, forming a final crack image.

[0038] like Figure 6 and Figure 2 As shown, the central rod 3 is a solid rod, the main body of which can be inserted into the anchor hole 2. The end of the rod is equipped with a threaded inner tray 13 and an annular tray 17. When the retractable buffer head 10 reaches the bottom of the anchor hole, the rod is fixed. The hydraulic vibration meter 5 is connected to a motor 21 and a data cable 8. The hydraulic vibration meter 5 is powered by the motor 21. Each hydraulic vibration meter is connected to a separate data cable 8. These data cables are finally aggregated and connected to the data processor 20.

[0039] like Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, the water-induced vibration measuring device as a whole includes a water-induced vibration measuring instrument 5, a vibration device, and a nozzle device. The nozzle device is a conical nozzle 3, which can fully fill the cracks in the hole with water. The vibration device is 3 to 6 vibration rods 7 attached and distributed along the circumference of the rod body. A rechargeable battery 9 is provided inside the vibration rod 7 to provide energy for the operation of the vibration rod. The vibration of the vibration rod can excite the vibration of the water in the hole, and the water-induced vibration measuring instrument 5 can sense the vibration energy of the water in the hole and convert this energy into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the external data processor 20 through separately connected data lines. The data processor 20 can process these electrical signals and convert these electrical signals into position data, and finally store them in a searchable location in the form of a data file.

[0040] The vibrating rod 7 is a plastic column that is tilted 35 to 75 degrees along the direction of the rod body. Its soft properties prevent the device from causing damage to the anchor hole during the penetration process. When the water pressure reaches a certain level during the injection process, the pore pressure alarm 22 will be triggered. At this time, the emergency air supply hole will be opened to maintain the air pressure in the hole in balance. After the water in the pore is fully injected and reaches a stable state, all vibrating rods 7 are started at the same time through the switch. With the continuous detection of the water-excited vibrator 5 during the vibration process, the data of all cross-sectional information will be converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the data processing instrument outside the rod body by the data line 8. The data processing instrument 20 will analyze and select based on the electrical signals generated by the water-excited vibrator 5, and after comprehensive analysis of all data, the final image of the entire anchor hole will be synthesized according to the cross-sectional position. Finally, the corresponding data processing and imaging simulation technology can be adopted to output the final three-dimensional image of the anchor hole crack.

[0041] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring water-induced vibration of drilled cracks, characterized by: It comprises a central rod (4), a main body of a water-induced vibration measuring device is provided on the central rod (4), a tray system is provided at the tail of the central rod (4), and the main body of the water-induced vibration measuring device is connected to a pore pressure alarm (22) via a generator (21); Four water injection pipes (17) are axially arranged at equal intervals inside the central rod body (4). All the water injection pipes (17) at the tail end of the central rod body (4) are connected to a high-pressure air pump (19) through an anti-backflow device (18). The anti-backflow device (18) is used to prevent the rapid backflow of water from damaging the device and can also be used as a pipe switch. The end of the central rod body (4) closes the water injection pipe (17) and is provided with a retractable buffer head (10). By retracting, the central rod body (4) is prevented from damaging the anchor hole (2) during the process of penetrating the anchor hole (2). The main body of the water-induced vibration measuring device includes a vibration device, a nozzle device and a water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5) arranged regularly on the outer side of the central rod (4), wherein a plurality of nozzle devices connected to four internal water injection pipes (17) are arranged at intervals on the side wall of the central rod (4), and each nozzle device includes four conical nozzles (3) arranged around the central rod (4) to spray water uniformly in the entire circumferential direction, and fully fill the cracks in the anchor hole (2) with water. The vibration device is a plurality of vibration devices attached to and spaced along the circumference of the outer periphery of the central rod (4). Vibrating rods, each group of vibrating rods includes four vibrating rods (7) evenly distributed around a central rod body (4), and all water-induced vibration measuring instruments (5) are connected to a data processing instrument (20) disposed outside the borehole via a data line (8); the water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5) converts the vibration energy of the water in the anchor hole (2) detected into an electrical signal, and transmits the signal to the data processing instrument (20) via the data line (8); the data processor (20) processes the electrical signals and converts the electrical signals into position data, and finally stores the signals in a searchable location in the form of a data file; The tray system comprises a threaded inner tray (13) close to the borehole wall, an annular tray (14) and a pad (15) matched therewith and inverted on the borehole wall, wherein a plurality of high-strength fixing bolts (16) are passed through the annular tray (14) from the opening on the pad (15) and finally fixedly connected with the threaded hole on the threaded inner tray (13) through the threaded end (12) at the end of the high-strength fixing bolt (16), and the plurality of high-strength fixing bolts (16) are installed around the central rod (4) to fix the tray system; wherein the threaded inner tray (13) is also provided with an emergency air supply hole (11) connected to the anchor hole (2) and a hole pressure alarm (22) for monitoring the water pressure in the hole.

2. The device for measuring the water-induced vibration of a borehole fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central rod body (4) is a solid rod body, and the rod body can be fixed when the retractable buffer head (10) at the end of the central rod body (4) touches the bottom of the anchor hole; the water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5) is connected to a generator (21) and is powered by the generator (21), and each water-induced vibration measuring instrument is connected to a separate data line (8), and these data lines are finally aggregated and finally connected to the data processor (20).

3. The device for measuring the water-induced vibration of a borehole fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating rod (7) is a plastic column that is tilted 35 to 75 degrees along the rod body. Its softness prevents the device from damaging the anchor hole during penetration.

4. The device for measuring the water-induced vibration of a borehole fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the water pressure exceeds the preset value, the pore pressure alarm (22) is triggered, and the emergency air supply hole (11) is automatically opened to balance the air pressure in the anchor hole (2) to prevent excessive pressure from causing the cracks to develop further and affect the detection results; after the water in the pore is fully injected and reaches a stable state, all vibrating rods (7) are started at the same time. As the water-induced vibrator (5) continues to detect during the vibration process, the data of the cross-sectional information in all anchor holes (2) will be converted into electrical signals and transmitted to the data processing device (20) by the data line (8). The data processing device (20) will analyze and select based on the electrical signals generated by the water-induced vibrator (5), and after comprehensive analysis of all data, the final image of the entire anchor hole is synthesized according to the cross-sectional position. Finally, the corresponding data processing and imaging simulation technology are adopted to output the final three-dimensional image of the anchor hole cracks.

5. The device for measuring the water-induced vibration of a borehole fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating rod (7) is connected to a rechargeable battery (9) for providing energy for the operation of the vibrating rod, wherein the water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5), the vibrating device and the nozzle device are arranged in a circular manner from the head to the tail of the central rod body (4) in the arrangement of the vibrating device, the nozzle device and the water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5).

6. A method for using the water-induced vibration measurement device for borehole fractures according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Here are the steps: First, an anchor hole (2) is drilled to a desired depth at a pre-marked position in the surrounding rock (1), and the central rod (4) is slowly inserted into the anchor hole (2). When the retractable buffer head (10) cannot be retracted, it indicates that the end of the anchor hole (2) has been reached. Subsequently, the threaded inner tray (13) is pressed against the outer wall of the anchor hole and connected to the outer annular tray (14) via a pad (15) using a plurality of high-strength fixing bolts (16). After the fixing work is completed, the water injection pipe (17) is connected to the external high-pressure air pump (19), and the high-pressure air pump (19) is connected to the external water storage tank. After the high-pressure air pump (19) is started, it will drive water to flow from the external water storage device and enter the water injection pipe (17) inside the central rod body (4). The water in the water injection pipe (17) is sprayed evenly along the circumference through the conical nozzle (3) on the surface of the central rod body (4) until the entire anchor hole (2) and even the crack (6) are filled. The water pressure in the anchor hole (2) will continue to increase during the water injection process. When the water pressure exceeds a preset value, the pore pressure alarm (22) will be triggered, and the emergency air supply hole (11) will be opened. At the same time, the water injection pressure will be reduced, so that the pore pressure in the anchor hole (2) reaches a stable state. After the stable state is reached, the vibrating rod (7) and the water-induced vibration measuring instrument (5) are turned on at the same time. The vibrating rod is controlled by its own battery (9), which drives the water in the pore to vibrate and generates vibration energy. The water-induced vibration measuring instrument can accurately detect the vibration energy of the water in the hole and can sense the energy change in the anchor hole crack. This energy change is then converted into an electrical signal and transmitted to an external data processing instrument (20) through a data line (8). The data processing instrument (20) locates the subtle vibration of the water in the anchor hole by analyzing the vibration information of the hole pressure water, and finally generates the position data of the crack in the anchor hole. Through corresponding data processing and imaging simulation, the position information of each section in the anchor hole is finally drawn to form a final crack image.

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