Auxiliary pushing mechanism and drum dryer

Abstract

The application discloses an auxiliary pushing mechanism and a drum dryer, and relates to the technical field of pushing, which comprises a pushing plate and a pushing rod. The two ends of the pushing rod are movably connected to one end of the pushing plate respectively, the other end of the pushing plate is hingedly connected to the inner layer of the drum dryer, the end face projections of the two pushing plates are located on the same diameter of the drum dryer, and the two pushing plates are provided with axial spacing. The pushing plate located at the top of the drum dryer can swing by using the dead weight, and the pushing rod and the pushing plate at the bottom are moved along the discharging direction of the drum dryer. The application can effectively solve the problems of slow moving speed of the material in the drum dryer and low filling rate of the material in the cylinder, is especially suitable for light materials with low density and small viscosity, can improve the filling rate and moving efficiency of the material in the drying cylinder, can make the material more evenly distributed in the cylinder and fully contact with the heat exchange element, and can smoothly push the material out of the cylinder, thereby avoiding the blocking phenomenon in the cylinder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of material feeding, and in particular to an auxiliary material feeding mechanism and a drum dryer. Background Technology

[0002] A steam dryer is a structure that uses a circular membrane drum as the drying body and rotates in a rotating manner. Membrane drum dryers use steam at a pressure of 0.3 MPa or higher as the heat energy and heat exchange elements as the carrier to indirectly heat and dry wet materials containing moisture. The dryer contains many heat exchange elements, which often affects the material's movement speed. Drum dryers are all designed with an inclination angle; the feed end, which receives the incoming wet material, is at a higher position, typically with an inclination angle of 2°-3°.

[0003] Steam drum dryers are now widely used due to their advantages such as high drying efficiency, energy saving, strong adaptability to materials, and relatively low investment. After the material enters the dryer, the rotation of the drum, due to its inclined shape, allows the material to move forward. However, the moving speed is greatly affected by the material's own angle of repose, generally resulting in a filling rate of 0.12-0.2 within the drum. This filling rate prevents the effective heat exchange elements of the drum from fully utilizing their function. When the material feeding speed increases, the material at the feed end of the drum accumulates rapidly. When the material accumulates to the height of the innermost heat exchange tubes, the flow of material inside the drum reaches its maximum gravity flow speed. At this point, the feeding speed is still greater than the discharging speed, leading to blockage at the feed end of the drum. Furthermore, the limited space inside the drum may be compressed, causing the material to be compacted at the heat exchange tubes, often requiring shutdown and manual unblocking.

[0004] Currently, the flow of materials within membrane drum dryers relies entirely on gravity. The material's movement speed and filling rate within the drum depend solely on its own characteristics. This results in the material filling rate affecting the dryer's heat transfer efficiency, and the material movement speed impacting its mechanical efficiency. Existing membrane drum dryers lack an effective method to address both material flow speed and filling rate within the drum, forcing a sacrifice in heat exchange efficiency and a reduction in overall operating efficiency to meet performance requirements. Therefore, a solution to improve the material movement efficiency within the drying drum is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary pushing mechanism and a drum dryer to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the material movement efficiency and working efficiency within the drum dryer.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides an auxiliary pushing mechanism, including a pushing plate and a pushing rod. The two ends of the pushing rod are respectively movably connected to one end of the pushing plate. The other end of the pushing plate is hinged to the inner layer of the drum dryer. The end face projections of the two pushing plates are located on the same diameter of the drum dryer, and the two pushing plates are provided with an axial distance. The pushing plate located at the top of the drum dryer can swing by its own weight and push the pushing rod and the pushing plate at the bottom to move along the discharge direction of the drum dryer.

[0008] Preferably, the pusher plate is hinged to the heat exchange tube inside the drum dryer via a hinge assembly. The hinge assembly includes a connecting plate, a pin, and a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat is U-shaped, and a swing rod is welded to the other end. The swing rod is welded to one end of the pusher plate. The U-shaped end of the hinge seat is inserted into the connecting plate and then hinged to it via the pin. The connecting plate is welded to the inner layer of the drum dryer.

[0009] Preferably, the pusher plate and the push rod are movably connected via a ball joint assembly, the ball joint assembly including a matching ball joint seat and a ball head, and the push rod is welded to or bolted to the ball head.

[0010] Preferably, the ball joint is hinged to a connecting seat by a pin, the connecting seat is welded to the pusher plate, and the included angle between the connecting seat and the upper plane of the pusher plate is 45°-60°.

[0011] Preferably, the push rod is Z-shaped and the included angle between adjacent folding rods is 120°-140°.

[0012] Preferably, the axial distance between the two pusher plates is 0.5 to 1 times the diameter of the center distance of the heat exchange tubes of the drum dryer.

[0013] Preferably, the pusher plate is a spiral plate with a spiral angle of 30°-60°, and the direction of rotation of the pusher plate is consistent with the rotation direction of the drum dryer.

[0014] Preferably, the pusher plate and the push rod are made of hard metal or hard non-metal.

[0015] The present invention also relates to a drum dryer, which, based on the above-mentioned auxiliary pushing mechanism, has a plurality of sets of the auxiliary pushing mechanism in the inner layer of the drum dryer, and the drum dryer is inclined at an angle of 2°-3°.

[0016] Preferably, both ends of the auxiliary pushing mechanism are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drum dryer, and the distance between adjacent auxiliary pushing mechanisms is at least 0.5 times the diameter of the drum dryer.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0018] This invention can effectively solve the problems of slow material movement speed and low material filling rate in the drum dryer. It is especially suitable for lightweight materials with low density and low viscosity. It can improve the filling rate and movement efficiency of the material in the drum, distribute it more evenly in the drum, make full contact with the heat exchange elements, and allow the material to be pushed out smoothly, avoiding material blockage in the drum. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drum dryer with an auxiliary pushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the auxiliary pushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the principle structure of the auxiliary pushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial structural diagram of the auxiliary pushing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball joint assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the push rod structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pusher plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the force analysis of the pusher plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Push plate, 2-Push rod, 3-Connecting plate, 4-Pin, 5-Hinge seat, 6-Swing rod, 7-Ball joint seat, 8-Ball head, 9-Connecting seat, 10-Heat exchange tube, 11-Roller dryer. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to provide an auxiliary pushing mechanism and a drum dryer to solve the problems existing in the prior art and improve the material movement efficiency and working efficiency within the drum dryer.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this embodiment provides an auxiliary pushing mechanism, including a pushing plate and a pushing rod. The two ends of the pushing rod are movably connected to one end of a pushing plate, and the other end of the pushing plate is hinged to the inner layer of the drum dryer. The end face projections of the two pushing plates are located on the same diameter of the drum dryer, and the two pushing plates are provided with an axial distance. The pushing plate located at the top of the drum dryer can swing by its own weight and push the pushing rod and the bottom pushing plate to move along the discharge direction of the drum dryer.

[0035] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the pusher plate and the heat exchange tubes inside the drum dryer are hinged together by a hinge assembly. The hinge assembly includes a connecting plate, a pin, and a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat is U-shaped, and the other end is welded with a swing rod. The swing rod is welded to one end of the pusher plate, preferably at 1 / 4 of the pusher plate's length, to ensure connection strength. After the U-shaped end of the hinge seat is inserted into the connecting plate, it is hinged by the pin. The connecting plate is welded to the inner layer of the drum dryer. Typically, the dryer is arranged at an angle, lower at the front and higher at the rear. The welding angle between the connecting plate and the heat exchange tubes at the rear end is 60°-75°, while the pusher plate is installed opposite at the front end, with the welding angle between the connecting plate and the heat exchange tubes at the front end being 15°-30°. Figure 9As shown, when the front end is in a high position, after the cylinder continues to rotate 120°, the gravity component is calculated to be converted into the anti-torsion rod thrust T = G * sin(180° - 120°). The component of the thrust T acting on the front push plate is T1 = T * Cos(15° ~ 30°). The component value is determined according to the welding angle of 15° ~ 30°. Therefore, the component force acting on the front plate is calculated to be the gravity component of the front and rear blades, T1 = G * sin(180° - 120°). 20)*Cos(15°~30°), this component force is the component force of the cylinder in a horizontal state. The cylinder tilt angle is not less than 2°. The actual component force Tn=T1*Cos2°, that is, Tn=G*sin(180°-120°)*Cos(15°~30°)*Cos2°; calculate the reaction force of the front push plate N=G*COS(180°-120°)*Cos2°, the calculated result T1>N. Similarly, continue to return the blades to the front end, and when rotated to 150°-200°, the rear blades push the front end to push the material forward. Two sets of pusher plate hinges and one push rod form an auxiliary pusher mechanism. The upper and lower pusher plates are a group. When the drum of the rotary dryer 11 rotates, the pusher plates swing axially mainly due to the gravity of the pusher plates. This is converted by the push rod, which in turn causes the pusher plates below the drum to swing periodically axially. When the rear pusher plate is in a high position, the gravity component pushes the front pusher plate forward. When the front pusher plate is in a high position, it generates a backward thrust. When the drum rotates to 120°, the gravity component causes the front and rear plates to return to their original positions, and the material is pushed forward. This alternating operation pushes the material forward.

[0036] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the pusher plate and the push rod are movably connected via a ball joint assembly. The ball joint assembly includes a matching ball joint seat and a ball head, with the push rod welded to or bolted to the ball head. This ball joint connection in this embodiment ensures that the pusher plate and push rod can move in multiple angular directions, preventing jamming and improving force transmission.

[0037] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the ball joint seat is hinged to a connecting seat via a pin. The connecting seat is welded to the pusher plate, preferably at 1 / 4 of the pusher plate's length, to ensure connection strength. The angle between the connecting seat and the upper plane of the pusher plate is 45°-60°. The ball joint's rotation angle is omnidirectional; regardless of the swing direction of the spiral pusher plate, the push rod's movement direction is not constrained due to the omnidirectional structure of the ball joint assembly and hinge.

[0038] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the push rod is Z-shaped with an included angle of 120°-140° between adjacent bent rods. This prevents the push rod from being torsional deformed and damaged by material impact during operation. The push rod has a circular cross-section with a diameter of 25mm-50mm, preferably 27mm-48mm. The shape and structural design strength meet the usage requirements and facilitate the transmission of axial thrust. In this embodiment, the push rod adopts a crank structure, which meets the requirements for transmitting thrust and can resist the torsional force of surrounding material impact.

[0039] Preferably, the axial distance between the two pusher plates is 0.5 to 1 times the diameter of the drum dryer, and the two pusher plates and the hinge are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner in the end face projection.

[0040] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the pusher plate is a spiral plate with a spiral angle of 30°-60°, and the direction of rotation of the pusher plate is consistent with the rotation direction of the drum dryer 11. The spiral pusher plate adopts the form of spiral blades, which facilitates the formation of a spatial layout and can realize multi-directional movement, ultimately achieving the axial pushing of the material.

[0041] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the pusher plate and push rod are made of hard metal or hard non-metal, such as aluminum alloy, stainless steel, carbon steel, etc.

[0042] This embodiment is a feeding mechanism that enhances material movement speed and filling rate within the cylinder. The improved material movement speed and filling rate result in increased heat exchange efficiency. It is particularly suitable for materials with a large angle of repose and low specific gravity, such as straw. No additional power is required; the mechanism relies solely on the structural gravity generated by the cylinder's rotation, with interaction between the upper and lower spiral feeding plates. The overall layout is compact and simple, resulting in low overall equipment investment costs. Modular operation can be achieved within the cylinder, allowing for adjustments to the quantity of materials based on output requirements to address production volume issues.

[0043] The specific working principle and process of the feeding mechanism in this embodiment are as follows:

[0044] During the rotation of the drum dryer 11, at the moment when one pusher plate (rear pusher plate) and hinge are at the top of the drum, the other pusher plate (front pusher plate) and hinge are at the lowest point of the drum. These two linked assemblies are connected by push rods. Due to the component of gravity, both pusher plates are in a downward swinging state. The difference is that the rear pusher plate, closer to the center line of the cylinder, pushes the push rod downwards, while the front pusher plate swings downwards away from the center line. As the cylinder continues to rotate, the front pusher plate begins to move upwards and, under the action of rotational force, becomes the rear pusher plate. The pulling force generated by gravity is transmitted to the push rod. Conversely, the rear pusher plate, which originally rotated 180° to the bottom of the cylinder, moves away from the center line of the cylinder due to the component of gravity. The push rod transmits the gravity separation of the top spiral pusher plate and then applies this component force to the lower spiral pusher plate. Because the angle and installation direction of the rear pusher plate are opposite to those of the front pusher plate, after being pulled, the opposite force also pulls the pusher plate, causing the material to move forward. In this way, the bottom spiral pusher plate can obtain two different types of thrust. When the cylinder rotates once, the upper and lower pusher plates alternately push forward and backward axially once. The driving force mainly comes from the material itself and the axial component of gravity of the upper pusher plate. The movement trajectory of the pusher plate is not purely axial or circumferential, but a comprehensive movement trajectory with axial oscillation as the main component and circumferential motion as the secondary component.

[0045] The key to this invention is to add an additional pushing mechanism inside the membrane drum dryer 11, but without the need for an additional driving mechanism, to forcefully push and arrange the material inside the drum, thereby increasing the material's moving speed and the filling rate inside the drum.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a rotary drum dryer 11. Based on the aforementioned auxiliary pushing mechanism, the inner layer of the rotary drum dryer 11 is provided with several sets of auxiliary pushing mechanisms, and the rotary drum dryer 11 is set at an inclination angle of 2°-3°. The rotary drum dryer 11 of this embodiment can be a membrane steam rotary drum dryer, which has several sets of auxiliary pushing mechanisms welded on its internal heat exchange tubes, and is particularly suitable for drying lightweight plant stems (straw) materials.

[0048] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, both ends of the auxiliary pushing mechanism are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drum dryer 11, and the distance between adjacent auxiliary pushing mechanisms is at least 0.5 times the diameter of the drum dryer 11.

[0049] According to the material processing capacity inside the drum dryer 11, multiple sets of linked auxiliary pushing mechanisms can be arranged in the drum.

[0050] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the material exceeds the height of the heat exchange tubes, it will accumulate near the spiral pusher plate. As the cylinder rotates, the bottom pusher plate moves forward under the axial component of the gravity of the top pusher plate, pushing the nearby material forward. The direction of rotation of the pusher plate is the same as the rotation direction of the cylinder, thus ensuring that the spiral direction of the pusher plate is forward. When the cylinder rotates, the upper and lower pusher plates interchange positions, and the gravity of the upper pusher plate provides the pushing force for the lower pusher plate. This continuously pushes the material exceeding the height of the heat exchange tubes forward, preventing the material inside the cylinder from exceeding the centerline height. This avoids material accumulation and also prevents the upper pusher plate from losing its pushing force due to obstruction. Furthermore, arranging multiple sets of auxiliary pusher structures inside the cylinder can significantly improve the material filling rate, especially for materials with a large angle of repose and a lighter specific gravity.

[0051] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary feeding mechanism, characterized in that: The device includes a pusher plate and a pusher rod. The two ends of the pusher rod are movably connected to one end of a front pusher plate and a rear pusher plate, respectively. The other ends of the front pusher plate and the rear pusher plate are hinged to the inner layer of the drum dryer. The projections of the two pusher plates on the end face of the drum dryer are located on the same diameter of the drum dryer, and the two pusher plates are provided with an axial distance. The rear pusher plate located at the top of the drum dryer can swing by its own weight and push the pusher rod and the front pusher plate at the bottom to move along the discharge direction of the drum dryer. The angle and installation direction of the rear pusher plate are opposite to those of the front pusher plate. The drum dryer is set at an angle. The pusher plate is hinged to the heat exchange tube inside the drum dryer via a hinge assembly. The hinge assembly includes a connecting plate, a pin, and a hinge seat. One end of the hinge seat is U-shaped, and a swing rod is welded to the other end. The swing rod is welded to one end of the pusher plate. The U-shaped end of the hinge seat is inserted into the connecting plate and then hinged to it via the pin. The connecting plate is welded to the inner layer of the drum dryer. The pusher plate and the push rod are movably connected by a ball joint assembly. The ball joint assembly includes a matching ball joint seat and a ball head. The push rod is welded to or bolted to the ball head. The ball joint seat is hinged to a connecting seat by a pin. The connecting seat is welded to the pusher plate. The axial distance between the two pusher plates is 0.5 to 1 times the diameter of the drum dryer.

2. The auxiliary pushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod is Z-shaped and the included angle between adjacent folding rods is 120°-140°.

3. The auxiliary pushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher plate is a spiral plate with a spiral angle of 30°-60°, and the direction of rotation of the pusher plate is consistent with the rotation direction of the drum dryer.

4. The auxiliary pushing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher plate and the push rod are made of hard metal or hard non-metal.

5. A rotary drum dryer, characterized in that: The inner layer of the rotary drum dryer is provided with several sets of the auxiliary pushing mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-4, and the rotary drum dryer is set at an inclination angle of 2°-3°.

6. The drum dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the auxiliary pushing mechanism are evenly distributed along the circumference of the drum dryer, and the distance between adjacent auxiliary pushing mechanisms is at least 0.5 times the diameter of the drum dryer.

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