Circulating water film device for measuring sky background radiation temperature field

Abstract

The present invention discloses a circulating water film device for measuring the sky background radiation temperature field, which can accurately measure the overall sky background radiation temperature field. The core content is to enable the surface of the hemispherical main body to form a water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate. The surface temperature of the water film can be measured by an infrared thermal imager, and the temperature of the water body can be measured by a temperature measuring probe. After obtaining the two types of temperature measurement data, the overall sky background radiation temperature field is calculated by a formula. The device includes: a shell, a buffer cap on the top, a water inlet on the side wall, a temperature measuring hole and a calibration black body; an infrared thermal imager is located above the shell, and the infrared thermal imager is connected to a rotating wheel through a connecting column, and the side of the connecting column is covered with a light shield; the water pipe inside the shell is connected to a circulating water pump, and the lower end of the circulating water pump is connected to a water reservoir. The circulating water film device designed by the present invention realizes the measurement of the sky background radiation temperature field in an indirect manner; the device has a simple structure, high cost performance and strong practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sky background radiation measurement, and in particular to a circulating water film device for measuring sky background radiation temperature field, which can accurately calculate the sky background radiation temperature field and realize the measurement of the sky background radiation temperature field in an indirect manner. Background Art

[0002] As a parameter of atmospheric optical properties, sky background radiation plays a very important role in atmospheric and ocean satellite remote sensing, space target / background identification, and research. Sky background radiation observation is of great significance, and sky background radiation temperature field data has an increasingly wide range of applications and demands. Existing sky background radiation observations mostly use the following methods or devices:

[0003] 1. The traditional method for measuring sky background radiation uses a CE318 solar radiometer, also known as a sun photometer. This instrument has only four wavelength channels: 440nm, 670nm, 870nm, and 1020nm. The sky background radiation integral for each wavelength band is calculated by fitting these four wavelengths. However, this fitting method struggles to accurately determine the overall sky radiation characteristics.

[0004] In 2005, the Institute of Applied Electronics at the China Academy of Engineering Physics used an Sr5000 spectroradiometer to measure skylight brightness, achieving preliminary results. However, this type of equipment generally has a high level of integration, making it difficult to maintain, repair, and service.

[0005] 3. Use theoretical calculations to obtain the sky background radiation characteristics of the required area. The most famous of these are the Lowtran and Modtran software from the United States. However, this software mainly uses the atmospheric environmental parameters of the continental United States. When applied to various specific geographical conditions and environments, there are many problems in quantifying a variety of climate state parameters. Theoretical simulation has great limitations, ignores regional differences, and cannot truly reflect the sky background radiation characteristics of specific areas under complex and diverse climate conditions and geographical environments.

[0006] 4. Although it is a common method to use mercury cadmium telluride infrared detectors to measure the background radiation characteristics of the sky, its working environment requires a low temperature, and the equipment is expensive, the operation process is complicated, and it is inconvenient to use, making it difficult to popularize and promote. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and reduce the cost of measuring sky background radiation, the present invention provides a device capable of measuring the sky background radiation temperature field. The device can form a hemispherical circulating water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate, measure the water film surface temperature and water body temperature, and realize the function of measuring the overall sky background radiation temperature field.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: the present invention provides a circulating water film device for measuring the sky background radiation temperature field, which is characterized by including a shell, a water circulation module, and a temperature measurement component.

[0009] Furthermore, the shell is processed as a whole using heat-conducting metal, and the shell consists of three parts: an upper buffer cap, a middle hemispherical main body, and a lower cylinder. There is a water outlet inside the buffer cap, and a certain gap is left between the buffer cap and the hemispherical main body. There is a support column supporting the buffer cap inside the hemispherical main body, and a water inlet and a temperature measuring hole are provided on the side of the cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the water film is characterized in that: the water in the water reservoir is pumped by a circulating water pump, injected into the horizontal water pipe inside the shell from the water inlet, and reaches the water outlet through the vertical water pipe. After the water flow is blocked by the buffer cap of the water outlet device, a water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate is formed on the surface of the hemispherical main body outside the water outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the temperature measurement component includes an infrared thermal imager, a precision temperature measuring probe, a connecting column and a calibration black body. The infrared thermal imager is located directly above the water film and can accurately measure the surface temperature of the water film affected by the background radiation of the sky. The precision temperature measuring probe is installed in the temperature measuring hole and can measure the accurate water temperature.

[0012] After obtaining the water temperature measured by the precision temperature probe and the water film surface temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager, the radiation temperature field of the entire sky background can be obtained by using the formula.

[0013] Furthermore, the calibration blackbody of the temperature measurement component is characterized in that: two calibration blackbodies are connected to the side wall of the cylinder, one of which is a high-temperature calibration blackbody and the other is a low-temperature calibration blackbody. Using two reference blackbodies with a temperature difference, the infrared thermal imager can be calibrated at two points, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the infrared thermal imager when measuring temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, the connecting column part of the temperature measuring component is covered with light-blocking plates on the lateral and side parts, which can effectively prevent direct sunlight from hitting the water film and forming flares, and the other end of the connecting column is connected to a rotating wheel, which can drive the connecting column to rotate around the center of the wheel under the control of the motor.

[0015] Furthermore, a support column is provided at the center of the shell, and the support column passes through the water pipe in the shell and is connected to the buffer cap.

[0016] Furthermore, the water circulation module includes a water reservoir located at the bottom layer, a water pipe inside the shell, and a circulating water pump connecting the water reservoir and the water inlet of the water pipe. A precision temperature measuring probe is also installed in the water reservoir. The top of the water pipe is the water outlet, and the horizontal part of the water pipe is connected to the water inlet on the side of the cylinder.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0018] (1) The circulating water film device designed by the present invention measures the surface temperature of the water film and the temperature of the water body, and obtains the radiation amount received when measuring the surface temperature of the water film and the actual radiation amount of the water body temperature. Therefore, the device can indirectly measure the background radiation temperature field of the sky, and at the same time effectively suppress the influence of flares formed by direct sunlight.

[0019] (2) The present invention has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost, and the device has extremely high practicality. Its operation mode is very convenient, and its design is light and compact, which is easy to carry and install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 , a schematic structural diagram of the present invention

[0022] Figure 2 , three views of the present invention

[0023] Figure 3 , a cross-sectional view of the present invention

[0024] Among them, 1, shell; 2, buffer cap; 3, water inlet; 4, water outlet; 5, temperature measuring hole; 6, water pipe; 7, support column; 8, rotating wheel; 9, circulating water pump; 10, water reservoir; 11, connecting column; 12, light shield; 13, infrared thermal imager; 14, high-temperature calibration blackbody; 15, low-temperature calibration blackbody. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The water reservoir (10) can select different water bodies according to the requirements of the target to be measured, and can be water bodies such as oceans, lakes, rivers, etc. The water body of the water reservoir is pumped by a circulating water pump (9) and injected into the water pipe (6) through the water inlet (3). After the water reaches the water outlet (4), it is blocked by the buffer cap (2) and forms a water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate on the surface of the hemispherical body (1) outside the water outlet. Because the water film is affected by the radiation from the sky, there is a certain difference between the surface temperature of the water film measured by the infrared thermal imager and the water body temperature measured by the precision temperature measuring probe. The infrared thermal imager (13) after calibration with two black body points measures the surface temperature of the water film in the vertical downward direction, and the temperature sensor at the temperature measuring hole (5) measures the temperature of the water body. After obtaining the two temperature data, the overall sky background radiation temperature field can be calculated by the formula. In addition, a precision temperature measuring probe is also installed in the water tank. At the same time, the rotating wheel (8) controlled by the motor can drive the connecting column (11) to rotate. The light shielding plate (12) on the connecting column can block the flare formed by the direct sunlight on the water film.

[0028] The principle of temperature measurement using an infrared thermal imager: In nature, objects with temperatures above absolute zero continuously emit infrared radiation. When the object's temperature is below 2000K, the radiation emitted is primarily infrared. The infrared spectrum is generally divided into three regions: the near-infrared region (0.75-2.5µm), the mid-infrared region (2.5-25µm), and the far-infrared region (25-1000mm). Infrared radiation has good atmospheric penetration within specific wavelength ranges: the thermal infrared band (8-14µm) and the mid-infrared band (3.5-5.5µm). Infrared thermal imaging technology utilizes these two infrared bands to capture the thermal radiation of objects in the scene. This infrared radiation is then processed by a readout circuit and converted into a visible light image. The object to be measured continuously emits infrared radiation. The infrared thermal imager detects the infrared radiation of the object to be measured and decomposes the surface temperature of the object on the pixel of the detector. The readout circuit of the detector outputs an electrical signal. The stronger the energy radiated by the object, the larger the electrical signal. Then, after further circuit processing, the electrical signal of each pixel is converted into each pixel in the grayscale image and sent to the display for imaging. The infrared image after imaging is analyzed, and its temperature-grayscale model is obtained with the help of a black body, thereby realizing the temperature analysis function and achieving the purpose of infrared temperature measurement.

[0029] When an infrared thermal imager measures the surface temperature of a water film, the radiation received within a certain spectral range consists of two parts: one part is the actual radiation of the water temperature, and the other part is the sky background radiation reflected from the surface of the water film.

[0030] Since infrared thermal imagers can only output target temperature values but not target radiation values, the blackbody radiation at any temperature can be obtained by integrating Planck's formula within the wavelength range used by the infrared thermometer, thereby directly obtaining the conversion relationship between radiation and temperature within the infrared thermal imager's measurement band (assuming that the thermal imager's response coefficient in this measurement frequency band is always 1).

[0031] Given the water temperature measured by a precision temperature probe and the water film surface temperature measured by an infrared thermal imager, the true water temperature radiation and the radiation received by the infrared thermal imager when measuring the water film surface temperature can be calculated based on the conversion relationship between radiation and temperature. The sky radiation is calculated by subtracting the true water temperature radiation from the radiation received by the infrared thermal imager when measuring the water film surface temperature. The radiation in different directions constitutes the sky background radiation temperature field.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of simplifying the description of the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connect", "pass through", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electric welding connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, which further describes the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. The above description does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the content of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating water film device for measuring sky background radiation temperature field, characterized in that: It includes a shell, a water circulation module, and a temperature measuring component; the shell is processed as a whole using heat-conducting metal, and the shell consists of three parts: an upper buffer cap, a middle hemispherical body, and a lower cylinder. The hemispherical body is provided with a support column for supporting the buffer cap, and the buffer cap is provided with a water outlet. There is a certain gap between the buffer cap and the hemispherical body; a water inlet and a temperature measuring hole are provided on the side of the cylinder; the water circulation module includes a water reservoir located at the bottom layer, a water pipe inside the shell, and a circulating water pump connecting the water reservoir and the water inlet of the water pipe. A precision temperature measuring probe is also installed in the water reservoir, and the horizontal part of the water pipe is connected to the water inlet on the side of the cylinder, and the top of the water pipe is the water outlet; the water circulation module pumps water out from the water outlet, and the water outside the water outlet is A water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate is formed on the surface of the hemispherical main body; the temperature measuring component includes an infrared thermal imager, a precision temperature measuring probe, a connecting column and a calibration black body. The infrared thermal imager is located directly above the center of the water film and can accurately measure the surface temperature of the water film affected by the background radiation of the sky. The precision temperature measuring probe is installed in the temperature measuring hole and can measure the accurate water temperature; a communication cable is provided inside the connecting column of the temperature measuring component, and the lateral and side parts of the connecting column are covered with light shielding plates, which can effectively prevent direct sunlight from hitting the water film to form flares, and the other end of the connecting column is connected to a rotating wheel, which can drive the connecting column to rotate around the center of the wheel under the control of a motor; the calibration black body of the temperature measuring component is located on the side wall of the cylinder and can calibrate the infrared thermal imager; After obtaining the water temperature measured by the precision temperature measuring probe and the water film surface temperature measured by the infrared thermal imager, the overall sky background radiation temperature field can be accurately calculated.

2. The circulating water film device for measuring the sky background radiation temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water in the reservoir is pumped by a circulating water pump and injected into the horizontal water pipe inside the shell from the water inlet, and reaches the water outlet through the vertical water pipe. After the water flow is blocked by the buffer cap, a water film with uniform temperature and stable flow rate is formed on the surface of the hemispherical body outside the water outlet.

3. The circulating water film device for measuring the sky background radiation temperature field according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two calibration black bodies are connected to the side wall of the cylinder, one of which is a high-temperature calibration black body and the other is a low-temperature calibration black body. Using two reference black bodies with a temperature difference, the infrared thermal imager can be calibrated at two points.

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