Axle reciprocating type road and bridge deck fatigue test device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an axle reciprocating type road and bridge surface fatigue test device and method, and the device comprises at least two vertical reaction frames, each vertical reaction frame comprises a pair of stand columns and a cross beam, and the cross beam is erected on the opposite sides of the top ends of the stand columns and is fixedly connected with the two stand columns; the loading unit is arranged on the vertical counter-force frame and comprises an actuator, a loading cross beam arranged at the output end of the actuator, a loading vertical beam arranged below the loading cross beam, a guide seat arranged on the side face of the stand column and a simulation vehicle-mounted assembly; the vertical counter-force frame is arranged on the vehicle body, the reciprocating motion unit is arranged on the vertical counter-force frame, the reciprocating motion unit comprises a motor mounting frame arranged on the vehicle body and a driving motor arranged on the motor mounting frame, a vertical load is provided for the simulation vehicle-mounted assembly through the actuator, and the reciprocating motion unit provides a horizontal force for the simulation vehicle-mounted assembly. Therefore, the dead weight and reciprocating motion of the vehicle are simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of road surface loading tests, and more specifically, relates to a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device and method. Background Art

[0002] The pavement and steel bridge deck components of highways and highway bridges are repeatedly crushed by wheel loads during operation. The damage caused by long-term fatigue loads is the main factor causing damage and failure. The design life of steel structure bridges in my country is generally 100 years, and the design life of pavement is not less than 20 years. However, in actual projects, early damage to pavement or steel bridge decks is common, resulting in additional highway and bridge maintenance costs.

[0003] Highway steel bridge decks are three-dimensional load-bearing components composed of multiple steel plates welded or bolted together. They contain many nodes and complex stress distribution. It is often difficult to obtain accurate fatigue resistance indicators through theoretical calculations. Highway pavement is a stacked system composed of multiple layers, multiple types of stone, cement-based materials, and asphalt-based materials. The performance of different paving schemes varies greatly, and new materials and new processes are constantly being applied. It is also difficult for theoretical calculations to give an effective evaluation of highway pavement layers. Due to the complexity of the performance of highway steel bridge decks and pavement layers, it is common to verify their performance through real-scale reciprocating loading tests for important single projects or large-scale and wide-ranging projects.

[0004] For the full-scale test of highway steel bridge decks, the conventional practice is to use a uniaxial fatigue actuator to perform reciprocating loading under a certain constant amplitude fatigue load on one or more points. Since the loading method is very different from the actual vehicle load, this type of test requires preset key areas of concern for design. For areas outside the key areas of concern, there may be large deviations due to the inconsistency between the boundary conditions and the actual situation. Its accuracy is highly dependent on simulation analysis.

[0005] There are two main types of full-scale tests for pavement: real vehicle tests and simulated vehicle tests. In real vehicle tests, the road surface to be tested is laid on a certain circular track, and a loaded vehicle is used to roll it back and forth. The effective load is proportional to the load of the vehicle, and it can be exactly the same as the actual working conditions. However, the test cost is very high in terms of site, manpower, and time consumption. Simulated vehicle tests can be carried out indoors or outdoors, using some form of wheel loading equipment (simulated vehicle) to simulate the working conditions of wheel reciprocating rolling. The main difficulty lies in how to increase the effective load of the wheel while maintaining a sufficient loading frequency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device and method, which provides a vertical load for the simulated vehicle-mounted components through an actuator to simulate the vehicle's own weight, and provides a horizontal force for the simulated vehicle-mounted components through a reciprocating motion unit, so that the simulated vehicle moves back and forth on the test piece, thereby realizing an effective loading test on the road surface or bridge deck structure. In addition, during the loading test, no manual participation is required, and the device automatically adjusts the parameters according to the requirements of different environments, thereby increasing the effective loading force on the test piece without increasing the weight of the simulated vehicle, taking into account the requirements of increasing the effective load and maintaining the loading frequency, and realizing an accelerated fatigue damage test of the road pavement or steel bridge deck.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device is provided, comprising:

[0008] At least two vertical reaction frames, each vertical reaction frame includes a pair of columns and a crossbeam, the crossbeam is mounted on the opposite sides of the top ends of the columns and is fixedly connected between the two columns;

[0009] A loading unit disposed on the vertical reaction frame, the loading unit comprising an actuator, a loading beam disposed at an output end of the actuator, a loading vertical beam disposed below the loading beam, a guide seat disposed on a side of the column, and a simulated vehicle-mounted component;

[0010] And a reciprocating motion unit arranged on the simulated vehicle-mounted component, the reciprocating motion unit includes a motor mounting frame arranged on the vehicle body and a driving motor arranged on the motor mounting frame, the actuator is used to provide a vertical load for the simulated vehicle-mounted component, and the reciprocating motion unit provides a horizontal force for the simulated vehicle-mounted component to simulate the vehicle's own weight and reciprocating movement.

[0011] Further, the simulated vehicle-mounted component is arranged at the bottom of the loading vertical beam, including a vehicle body, an axle arranged on the vehicle body, a loading wheel arranged on the axle, and a guide wheel arranged on the top of the vehicle body;

[0012] The vehicle body is a rectangular frame structure welded from square steel, with a cavity reserved in the center of the frame, a loading wheel mounting seat at the bottom and a guide wheel mounting seat at the top, and wheel axles are arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat and the guide wheel mounting seat.

[0013] Furthermore, at least four loading wheel mounting seats are provided, symmetrically disposed on both sides of the vehicle body, and the loading wheel mounting seats on the opposite sides are connected in the cavity in the middle of the vehicle body, the loading wheel is mounted on the loading wheel mounting seat through the wheel axle, and the loading wheel is in contact with the surface of the specimen;

[0014] The guide wheel mounting seat is provided at each of the four corners of the top of the vehicle body, and its position in the width direction corresponds to the position of the loading track. The guide wheel is installed on the guide wheel mounting seat through the wheel axle, and a groove is provided on its surface along the circumferential direction. The width of the groove is the same as the protrusion of the loading track, and the two form a fit.

[0015] Furthermore, a vibration reduction device is provided between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body, and the vibration reduction device includes a first shock absorber provided at one end of the loading wheel mounting seats on the same side of the vehicle body that is away from each other, and a second shock absorber provided at one end of the loading wheel mounting seats on the same side of the vehicle body that is close to each other;

[0016] The first shock absorber is vertically installed between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body, the top end of the second shock absorber is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, the bottom end is rotatably connected to the loading wheel mounting seat, and in the unloading state, it is tilted.

[0017] Furthermore, at least two actuators are provided at the bottom of each beam and are symmetrically installed at both ends of the beam.

[0018] Furthermore, two mounting seats are provided at corresponding positions of the loading crossbeam and the crossbeam;

[0019] A pin is arranged on the mounting seat, the mounting seat on the crossbeam is rotationally connected to the fixed end of the actuator, and the mounting seat on the loading crossbeam is rotationally connected to the actuator.

[0020] Furthermore, the loading vertical beams are used in pairs, parallel and spanning between the multiple loading horizontal beams, and are fixedly connected to the multiple loading horizontal beams;

[0021] A loading track is also provided at the bottom of each loading vertical beam along the length direction. The loading track is a straight track with a protrusion at the bottom.

[0022] Furthermore, the guide seats are provided in a group on each side of the two columns of each vertical reaction frame facing each other, and each group of guide seats includes two limit plates arranged opposite to each other;

[0023] The limit plate is fixed on the column in the vertical direction, and a gap is left between the two limit plates as a guide channel;

[0024] The width of the guide channel is the same as that of the loading beam. Both ends of the loading beam are arranged in the guide channels on the columns on both sides, and the loading beam moves in the guide channel along the vertical direction.

[0025] Furthermore, a pair of motor mounting brackets are provided on each vehicle body and are respectively fixed at two ends of the vehicle body;

[0026] The driving motor is fixed on the motor mounting frame, and its output end is arranged between the two loading wheel mounting seats at the same end of the vehicle body, and is connected to the wheel axle arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat, and is used to drive the loading wheel arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat.

[0027] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test method is provided, comprising:

[0028] S100. Install the test specimens for the simulation test at the experimental site, arrange effective temporary supports, install the experimental device on the temporary supports, and remove the temporary supports after the installation is completed;

[0029] S200. According to the preset fatigue test requirements, the functions of the experimental device are tested separately and linked to ensure the normal use of the device;

[0030] S300, starting the device in the order of increasing the ambient temperature, applying an additional load to the actuator, and driving the simulated vehicle-mounted components, and starting the experiment;

[0031] S400: During the experiment, if a short period of observation is required or the monitoring personnel temporarily leave, all actions of the experimental device shall be suspended;

[0032] S500: After the experiment is completed, the device is stopped in the order of driving the simulated vehicle-mounted components to decelerate and stop, the actuator is unloaded, and the environment is cooled down, and the test is terminated.

[0033] In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0034] 1. The reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device of the present invention provides a vertical load to the simulated vehicle-mounted component through an actuator to simulate the dead weight of the vehicle, and provides a horizontal force to the simulated vehicle-mounted component through a reciprocating motion unit, so that the simulated vehicle moves back and forth on the test piece, thereby realizing an effective loading test on the road surface or bridge deck structure. In addition, during the loading test, no manual participation is required, and the device automatically adjusts the parameters according to the requirements of different environments, thereby increasing the effective loading force on the test piece without increasing the dead weight of the simulated vehicle, taking into account the requirements of increasing the effective load and maintaining the loading frequency, and realizing the accelerated fatigue damage test of the road pavement or steel bridge deck.

[0035] 2. A reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device of the present invention installs a driving motor at both ends of the vehicle body in the moving direction, and each driving motor is individually controlled to ensure that the simulated vehicle-mounted component obtains a balance of driving force in two directions during reciprocating motion, thereby ensuring that the simulated vehicle-mounted component travels along the loading track during movement.

[0036] 3. In the reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device of the present invention, the driving motor is provided with a driving mode of single drive and combined drive. By using different driving motors to drive the loading wheels, the driving modes of front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive of different vehicles are simulated, so that the experimental environment is closer to the actual use conditions.

[0037] 4. In the reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device of the present invention, the connection structures at both ends of the actuator and the vehicle body are both rotationally connected, which eliminates the force that produces direction deviation during loading, so that the vertical load and horizontal force on the simulated vehicle-mounted components are not offset, thereby ensuring the effect of the experiment.

[0038] 5. A reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device of the present invention has a maximum single wheel load of 200 kN and an equivalent frequency of 0.13 Hz in the fatigue test of steel bridge deck, and works 12 hours a day, and can complete 2 million effective loads within 90 days; a maximum single wheel load of 200 kN and an equivalent frequency of 0.54 Hz in the accelerated fatigue test of pavement, and works 12 hours a day, and can complete 10 million effective loads within 220 days. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical reaction frame structure of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loading unit of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the actuator connection of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simulated vehicle-mounted component of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reciprocating motion unit of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a specific flow chart of step S200 in a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 This is a specific flow chart of step S300 in a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a specific flow chart of step S500 in a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] In all the drawings, the same figure numbers represent the same technical features, specifically: 1-vertical reaction frame, 11-column, 12-crossbeam, 2-loading unit, 21-actuator, 22-loading crossbeam, 23-loading vertical beam, 24-guide seat, 25-simulated vehicle-mounted component, 251-vehicle body, 252-axle, 253-loading wheel, 254-guide wheel, 26-loading track, 3-reciprocating motion unit, 31-motor mounting frame, 32-drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device, comprising: a vertical reaction frame 1, a loading unit 2 arranged between the vertical reaction frames 1, and a reciprocating motion unit 3. The loading unit 2 includes an actuator 21 and a simulated vehicle-mounted component 25. The actuator 21 provides a vertical load to the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 to simulate the dead weight of the vehicle. The reciprocating motion unit 3 provides a horizontal force to the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25, so that the simulated vehicle moves back and forth on the specimen, thereby realizing an effective loading test on the road surface or bridge deck structure. In addition, during the loading test, no manual participation is required. The device automatically adjusts the parameters according to the requirements of different environments, thereby increasing the effective loading force on the specimen without increasing the dead weight of the simulated vehicle, taking into account the requirements of increasing the effective load and maintaining the loading frequency, thereby realizing an accelerated fatigue damage test on the road pavement or steel bridge deck.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, at least two vertical reaction frames 1 are provided, which are equidistantly arranged on the specimen along the length direction, and each vertical reaction frame 1 includes a pair of columns 11 and a crossbeam 12. The column feet of the columns 11 are connected to the specimen by tensile anchor bolts, and the crossbeam is arranged on the side facing the top of the column 11 and fixedly connected to the two columns 11. The columns 11 and the crossbeam 12 are made of steel not lower than Q345, and their surfaces are coated with anti-corrosion materials.

[0054] Preferably, a fixed reaction floor or equipment pedestal is provided on the specimen, and the column foot of the column 11 is connected to the reaction floor or equipment pedestal through a tensile anchor bolt.

[0055] At least two actuators 21 are provided at the bottom of each cross beam 12 , symmetrically mounted at both ends of the cross beam 12 , and are hydraulic devices or servo motor devices. The maximum load of a single actuator 21 is not less than 500KN.

[0056] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the loading unit 2 also includes a loading crossbeam 22 disposed at the output end of the actuator 21, a loading vertical beam 23 disposed below the loading crossbeam 22, and a guide seat 24 disposed on the side of the column 11. Among them, two mounting seats are provided at the corresponding positions of the loading crossbeam 22 and the crossbeam 12, and the mounting seats are provided with pins. The mounting seats on the crossbeam 12 are rotationally connected to the fixed end of the actuator 21, and the mounting seats on the loading crossbeam 22 are rotationally connected to the actuator 21. When non-vertical force appears on the loading crossbeam 22, the mounting seats at both ends of the actuator 21 rotate to eliminate the horizontal force, so that the force output on the loading crossbeam 22 is a stable vertical force. The loading vertical beams 23 are used in pairs, parallel and spanning between multiple loading crossbeams 22, and are fixedly connected to multiple loading crossbeams 22. Each loading vertical beam 23 is provided with a loading track 26 at the bottom along the length direction. The loading track 26 is a straight track with a protrusion at the bottom. It is made of steel material not lower than Q345, and the surface is polished and coated with anti-corrosion paint to prevent it from bending when subjected to force and affecting the experimental effect. The guide seat 24 is provided on each side of the two columns 11 facing each other of each vertical reaction frame 1. Each group of guide seats 24 includes two opposite limit plates, which are fixed on the columns 11 in the vertical direction. A gap is left between the two limit plates as a guide channel. The width of the guide channel is the same as that of the loading crossbeam 22. The two ends of the loading crossbeam 22 are provided in the guide channels on the columns 11 on both sides, and it moves in the vertical direction in the guide channel.

[0057] like Figure 5As shown, the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is arranged at the bottom of the loading vertical beam 23, including a vehicle body 251, an axle 252 arranged on the vehicle body 251, a loading wheel 253 arranged on the axle 252, and a guide wheel 254 arranged on the top of the vehicle body 251. The vehicle body 251 is a rectangular frame structure, welded from square steel, with a cavity reserved in the center of the frame, a loading wheel mounting seat at the bottom, a guide wheel mounting seat at the top, and the axle 252 is arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat and the guide wheel mounting seat. There are at least four loading wheel mounting seats, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vehicle body 251, and the loading wheel mounting seats on the opposite side are connected in the cavity in the middle of the vehicle body 251. The loading wheel 253 is installed on the loading wheel mounting seat through the axle 252, and the loading wheel 253 contacts the surface of the specimen to ensure uniform force on the loading wheel 253 during vertical loading, and to maintain vertical loading on the surface of the specimen without generating deflection. The guide wheel mounting seat is provided at each of the four corners of the top of the vehicle body 251, and its position in the width direction corresponds to the position of the loading track 26. The guide wheel 254 is installed on the guide wheel mounting seat through the wheel axle 252, and a groove is provided on its surface along the circumferential direction. The width of the groove is the same as the protrusion of the loading track 26, and the two form a fit.

[0058] A vibration reduction device is also provided between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body 251, and the vibration reduction device includes two shock absorbers, the first shock absorber is installed at the end of the loading wheel mounting seat on the same side of the vehicle body 251 that is away from each other, and the second shock absorber is installed at the end of the loading wheel mounting seat on the same side of the vehicle body 251 that is close to each other. Among them, the first shock absorber is vertically installed between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body 251, the top end of the second shock absorber is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 251, and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the loading wheel mounting seat, and in the unloading state, it is tilted. When the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 encounters an uneven surface of the specimen, since the force output by the actuator 21 is a vertical force, a single loading wheel 253 will be lifted off the ground due to uneven force, and the real driving environment cannot be simulated. In addition to achieving vibration reduction in the vertical direction, this setting can also enable the loading wheel 253 to automatically adapt to the surface of the specimen through the second shock absorber according to the concavity of the specimen, simulating a more real driving environment and achieving better experimental results.

[0059] Preferably, the loading wheel 253 is a pneumatic tire, a solid rubber tire or a steel plate reinforced solid rubber tire, and the pressure between the loading wheel 253 and the sample is maintained between 0.7 MPa and 5 MPa.

[0060] Preferably, the connection positions of the loading wheel 253, the guide wheel 254 and the auxiliary wheel 255 are all provided with bearings to reduce the wear of the wheel shaft 252 or the pin shaft.

[0061] like Figure 6As shown, the reciprocating motion unit 3 includes a motor mounting frame 31 arranged on the vehicle body 251 and a driving motor 32 arranged on the motor mounting frame 31. Among them, a pair of the motor mounting frames 31 are arranged on each vehicle body 251, and are respectively fixed at the two ends of the vehicle body 251. The driving motor 32 is fixed on the motor mounting frame 31, and its output end is arranged between two loading wheel mounting seats at the same end of the vehicle body 251, and is connected to the wheel axle 252 arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat, and is used to drive the loading wheel 253 arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat. By installing a driving motor 32 at both ends of the moving direction of the vehicle body 251, each driving motor 32 is controlled and driven separately to ensure that the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 obtains a balance of driving force in two directions during reciprocating motion, and ensure that the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 travels along the loading track 26 during the moving process. In addition, the drive motor 32 is provided with a single drive mode and a combined drive mode. By using different drive motors 32 to drive the loading wheel 253, the front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive drive modes of different vehicles are simulated, so that the experimental environment is closer to the actual usage conditions. The frequency of use of different drive modes is determined according to the proportion of different drive vehicles on the market.

[0062] This experimental device also includes an environmental loading system, which is used to perform environmental loading on the pavement during the accelerated fatigue test, including a frame, enclosure, heating fan, thermal sensor, control system and alarm device. Among them, the frame is made of angle steel or square steel material not lower than Q235, and the exterior is coated with anti-corrosion material, and the frame is also provided with structures of other equipment. The enclosure is a transparent polymer film, which is connected between the frame and the indoor floor, and the connection is a sealed connection to prevent contact with the outside air. The heating fan is arranged on the frame, and its air outlet is aligned with the position of the pavement specimen, and the heating fan is provided with multiple ones to ensure the uniform and stable temperature in the experimental area, and the temperature of the experiment is controlled between 55-65°C. The thermal sensor is a thermocouple sensor, which is arranged in the pavement specimen, and is used to detect the temperature of the pavement during the test, and to adjust the power of the hot fan with feedback information. The warning device is an audible and visual alarm device, which is also connected to a display screen, and its signal input end is also connected to a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is arranged in an experimental environment surrounded by a frame, and an alarm is sounded when the air and steel structure surface temperature in the experimental environment are higher than 40°C, thereby preventing operators from being scalded during operation.

[0063] Preferably, since the surface of the road pavement or steel bridge deck is inevitably uneven, there is a certain load unevenness when the simulated vehicle-mounted unit walks on the surface of the specimen. A force sensor is also provided at the output end of the actuator 21, and a strain sensor is embedded in the specimen. The load output by the actuator 21 is adjusted by the imbalance information monitored by the force sensor and the strain sensor. At the same time, during the experiment, the load output by the actuator 21 is changed to simulate vehicles with different dead weights.

[0064] Preferably, in the fatigue test of steel bridge deck, the maximum single wheel load is 200kN, the equivalent frequency is 0.13Hz, and the working day is 12 hours, so 2 million effective loadings can be completed within 90 days; in the accelerated fatigue test of pavement, the maximum single wheel load is 200kN, the equivalent frequency is 0.54Hz, and the working day is 12 hours, so 10 million effective loadings can be completed within 220 days.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test method, comprising the following steps:

[0067] S100. Install the test specimens for the simulation test at the experimental site, arrange effective temporary supports, install the experimental device on the temporary supports, and remove the temporary supports after the installation is completed;

[0068] S200. According to the preset fatigue test requirements, the functions of the experimental device are tested separately and linked to ensure the normal use of the device;

[0069] S300, starting the device in the order of increasing the ambient temperature, applying an additional load to the actuator 21, and driving the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25, and starting the experiment;

[0070] S400: During the experiment, if a short period of observation is required or the monitoring personnel temporarily leave, all actions of the experimental device shall be suspended;

[0071] S500, after the experiment is completed, the device is stopped in the order of deceleration and stop of the driving simulation vehicle-mounted component 25, unloading of the actuator 21, and cooling of the environment, and the test is terminated.

[0072] like Figure 8 As shown, step S200 is specifically as follows:

[0073] S201, disabling the loading and environmental loading functions of the actuator 21, gradually increasing the speed of the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 from slow to fast, until the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 reaches the designed loading speed and completes no less than ten cycles of reciprocation along the entire length of the loading track 26, and visually and sensor data are used to check the drive to ensure stable operation without abnormal noise or vibration;

[0074] S202, do not enable the environmental loading function, move the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 to the middle span, 1 / 4 span, 3 / 4 span and two end points of the loading beam 22 in sequence, gradually increase the pressure of the actuator 21 until the test load is reached, and verify the loading system through sensor data to ensure stable operation, no unbalanced load, and no sensor failure;

[0075] S203. When conducting accelerated fatigue test on pavement, check the effect of environmental loading system, do not enable reciprocating unit 3 and actuator 21, apply hot air to the specimen at set temperature until the temperature reaches 60°C, and check the joints between enclosure, frame and ground to ensure there is no air leakage.

[0076] like Fig. 9 As shown, step S300 is specifically as follows:

[0077] S301. Raise the ambient temperature to 60°C and stabilize it for 30 minutes, ensuring that the ambient temperature fluctuation does not exceed ±5°C during this period;

[0078] S302, synchronously increase the thrust of the actuator 21 at a speed not exceeding 50 kN / min until the designed test load is reached, and hold the load for 15 minutes;

[0079] S303, start the driving motor 32 to drive the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 to perform reciprocating motion and record the test process.

[0080] Step S400 specifically includes:

[0081] S401, when a short pause is required for observation during the test, only the speed of the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is reduced to 0, and the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is moved to the middle of the loading track 26, and the actuator and environmental load should be kept unchanged at this time;

[0082] S402, when the on-duty personnel need to leave during the test, a long pause process is executed, and the operation is performed in the order of simulating the vehicle-mounted component 25 to slow down and stop, and the actuator 21 to unload.

[0083] In step S402, if the accelerated fatigue failure test of the road pavement is carried out, the ambient temperature should be kept constant to avoid the influence of temperature stress.

[0084] like Fig.10 As shown, step S500 is specifically as follows:

[0085] S501, controlling the driving motor 32 to decelerate until the speed of the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is reduced to 0, and moving the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 to the middle of the loading track 26;

[0086] S502, unloading the actuator 21 synchronously at a speed not exceeding 50 kN / min until the loading track 26 and the guide wheel of the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 are clear;

[0087] S503, stop heating, wait for the ambient temperature to drop to room temperature or accelerate the cooling process by using a ventilation fan.

[0088] During the experiment, the normal operation and safety of the experiment must be maintained and the following standards must be implemented:

[0089] a. When the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is in a non-stationary state, it is not allowed to approach or touch the test device;

[0090] b. When the warning device of the environmental loading system lights up, it is not allowed to enter the enclosure;

[0091] c. When the simulated vehicle-mounted component 25 is in a stationary state but the actuator 21 is not unloaded, it is allowed to observe the specimen at a safe distance, but there should be no behavior that disturbs the actuator 21, the loading beam 22, or the specimen.

[0092] d. During the wheel pressure acceleration test, at least one person should be on duty to monitor the sensor and equipment feedback readings of the test process. When it is necessary to get close to the test system for observation during the test, at least two people should be on duty, and at least one of them should remain at a safe distance.

[0093] It will be easily understood by those skilled in the art that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device, characterized in that: include: At least two vertical reaction frames (1), each vertical reaction frame (1) comprising a pair of upright posts (11) and a crossbeam (12), wherein the crossbeam is mounted on the opposite sides of the top ends of the upright posts (11) and is fixedly connected to the two upright posts (11); A loading unit (2) disposed on the vertical reaction frame (1), the loading unit (2) comprising an actuator (21), a loading beam (22) disposed at an output end of the actuator (21), a loading vertical beam (23) disposed below the loading beam (22), a guide seat (24) disposed on a side of the column (11), and a simulated vehicle-mounted component (25); and a reciprocating motion unit (3) disposed on the simulated vehicle-mounted component (25), the reciprocating motion unit (3) comprising a motor mounting frame (31) disposed on a vehicle body (251) and a driving motor (32) disposed on the motor mounting frame (31), the actuator (21) providing a vertical load to the simulated vehicle-mounted component (25), and the reciprocating motion unit (3) providing a horizontal force to the simulated vehicle-mounted component (25), so as to simulate the deadweight and reciprocating movement of the vehicle.

2. The vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulated vehicle-mounted component (25) is arranged at the bottom of the loading vertical beam (23), and comprises a vehicle body (251), a wheel axle (252) arranged on the vehicle body (251), a loading wheel (253) arranged on the wheel axle (252), and a guide wheel (254) arranged on the top of the vehicle body (251); The vehicle body (251) is a rectangular frame structure welded from square steel, with a cavity reserved in the center of the frame, a loading wheel mounting seat at the bottom and a guide wheel mounting seat at the top, and a wheel axle (252) is arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat and the guide wheel mounting seat.

3. A vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least four loading wheel mounting seats are provided, symmetrically disposed on both sides of the vehicle body (251), and the loading wheel mounting seats on the opposite sides are connected in the cavity in the middle of the vehicle body (251); the loading wheel (253) is mounted on the loading wheel mounting seat via a wheel axle (252), and the loading wheel (253) is in contact with the surface of the specimen; The guide wheel mounting seat is provided at each of the four corners of the top of the vehicle body (251), and its position in the width direction corresponds to the position of the loading track (26). The guide wheel (254) is installed on the guide wheel mounting seat through the wheel axle (252), and a groove is provided on its surface along the circumferential direction. The width of the groove is the same as the protrusion of the loading track (26), and the two form a fit.

4. The vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A vibration damping device is also provided between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body (251), the vibration damping device comprising a first shock absorber provided at one end of the loading wheel mounting seats on the same side of the vehicle body (251) that are away from each other, and a second shock absorber provided at one end of the loading wheel mounting seats on the same side of the vehicle body (251) that are close to each other; The first shock absorber is vertically mounted between the loading wheel mounting seat and the vehicle body (251); the top end of the second shock absorber is rotatably connected to the vehicle body (251) and the bottom end is rotatably connected to the loading wheel mounting seat, and in an unloading state, it is arranged to be inclined.

5. A vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: At least two actuators (21) are provided at the bottom of each crossbeam (12), and are symmetrically mounted at the two ends of the crossbeam (12).

6. The vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two mounting seats are provided at corresponding positions of the loading crossbeam (22) and the crossbeam (12); A pin is provided on the mounting seat, the mounting seat on the crossbeam (12) is rotationally connected to the fixed end of the actuator (21), and the mounting seat on the loading crossbeam (22) is rotationally connected to the actuator (21).

7. The vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The loading vertical beams (23) are used in pairs, and are parallel and span between the multiple loading horizontal beams (22), and are fixedly connected to the multiple loading horizontal beams (22); A loading track (26) is also provided at the bottom of each loading vertical beam (23) along the length direction. The loading track (26) is a straight track with a protrusion at the bottom.

8. The vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide seats (24) are provided in a group on each side of the two upright posts (11) of each vertical reaction frame (1) facing each other, and each group of guide seats (24) includes two limit plates arranged opposite to each other; The limiting plate is fixed on the upright column (11) in the vertical direction, and a gap is left between the two limiting plates as a guide channel; The width of the guide channel is the same as that of the loading crossbeam (22). Both ends of the loading crossbeam (22) are arranged in the guide channels on the two side columns (11), and the loading crossbeam (22) moves in the vertical direction in the guide channels.

9. A vehicle-bridge reciprocating road bridge deck fatigue test device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A pair of motor mounting frames (31) are provided on each vehicle body (251) and are respectively fixed to two ends of the vehicle body (251); The driving motor (32) is fixed on the motor mounting frame (31), and its output end is arranged between two loading wheel mounting seats at the same end of the vehicle body (251), and is connected to the wheel axle (252) arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat, so as to drive the loading wheel (253) arranged on the loading wheel mounting seat.

10. A reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test method, implemented by using a reciprocating wheel type road bridge deck fatigue test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: S100. Install the test specimens for the simulation test at the experimental site, arrange effective temporary supports, install the experimental device on the temporary supports, and remove the temporary supports after the installation is completed; S200. According to the preset fatigue test requirements, the functions of the experimental device are tested separately and linked to ensure the normal use of the device; S300, starting the device in the order of increasing the ambient temperature, applying an additional load to the actuator (21), and driving the simulated vehicle-mounted component (25), and starting the experiment; S400: During the experiment, if a short period of observation is required or the monitoring personnel temporarily leave, all actions of the experimental device shall be suspended; S500, after the experiment is completed, the device is stopped in the order of decelerating and stopping the driving simulation vehicle-mounted component (25), unloading the actuator (21), and cooling the environment, thereby terminating the test.

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