A fault location method and system for a power grid system

Abstract

The present application provides a fault location method and system for a power grid system, which belongs to the technical field of power systems. In the present application, the method includes: obtaining multiple initial fault nodes, and constructing a first fault topology map of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factors with the initial fault node are greater than a threshold, determining the target adjacent nodes and multiple location factors according to the intersection results of the multiple first fault topology maps, constructing a second fault topology map according to the target adjacent nodes and the multiple initial fault nodes, and determining the target fault node and the cause of the fault of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and the multiple location factors. The present application aims to improve the problems of low fault location accuracy and long time consumption in the existing scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power systems, and in particular to a fault location method and system for a power grid system. Background Art

[0002] Grid fault location refers to the process of quickly and accurately finding the specific location of a fault by monitoring and analyzing fault characteristic signals (such as abnormal fluctuations in voltage and current) when a fault occurs in the power system. This process is crucial for quickly troubleshooting, restoring power supply, and ensuring grid stability.

[0003] However, due to the complex electrical connections between multiple nodes in the power grid system, the abnormal current or voltage fluctuations generated by the faulty node may be transmitted to the adjacent nodes through the power grid, causing abnormal fluctuations in the measurement data of the non-faulty nodes, thereby causing misjudgment of the fault. Therefore, the accuracy of the existing fault location method is low. And because the amount of information in the power grid system is very large, the timeliness of fault location is also poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and system for locating a fault in a power grid system. The present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, a fault location method for a power grid system is provided, the method comprising:

[0006] Acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology map of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold, and the first fault topology map is used to characterize the local influence relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes;

[0007] Determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of the plurality of first fault topology graphs;

[0008] According to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes, a second fault topology graph is constructed, where the second fault topology graph is used to characterize the global influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0009] According to the second fault topology map and the plurality of positioning factors, a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system are determined.

[0010] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, before obtaining location information of multiple initial fault nodes, the method includes:

[0011] Obtaining fault information of the power grid system, and determining tripping information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system;

[0012] According to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main grid side, the corresponding fault nodes on the distribution grid side and the fault nodes on the user side are determined;

[0013] The fault location level of the power grid system is obtained, and multiple initial fault nodes are determined according to the matching relationship between the fault location level and the fault node on the distribution network side.

[0014] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, constructing a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node according to adjacent nodes of each initial fault node includes:

[0015] The initial fault node is determined as the main node, and the adjacent nodes are determined as the sub-nodes;

[0016] Determine a first connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0017] Determine a second connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0018] A first fault topology graph of each initial fault node is constructed according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship.

[0019] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node is constructed according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, including:

[0020] quantifying the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, and mapping the correlation between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes into an initial first fault topology graph according to the quantified first connection relationship and the second connection relationship;

[0021] According to the quantified first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, the priority of the initial first fault topology map is adjusted to obtain an adjusted first fault topology map.

[0022] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, determining a target adjacent node and multiple positioning factors according to an intersection result of multiple first fault topology graphs includes:

[0023] Arbitrarily combine two first fault topology graphs to obtain a corresponding first intersection result;

[0024] Determine a target adjacent node according to the matching results of the plurality of first intersection results;

[0025] A plurality of positioning factors are determined according to node electrical characteristics of the target adjacent node and the initial fault node.

[0026] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, constructing a second fault topology graph according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes includes:

[0027] Multiple initial fault nodes are determined as master nodes, and target adjacent nodes are determined as child nodes;

[0028] Determine a third connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0029] Determining a fourth connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to a communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0030] A second fault topology graph is constructed according to the third connection relationship and the fourth connection relationship.

[0031] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, determining a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and a plurality of positioning factors includes:

[0032] Analyze the second fault topology graph to determine a node set including multiple candidate fault nodes;

[0033] Determine the fault location rule according to the location factor, and screen the node set according to the fault location rule to determine the target fault node;

[0034] Determine the cause of the fault based on the electrical characteristics analysis results of the target fault node.

[0035] In an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, after determining the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system, the method further includes:

[0036] Determine the fault level of the power system based on the target fault nodes and fault causes of the business system;

[0037] According to the fault level of the power system, the corresponding fault alarm strategy is executed.

[0038] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, a fault location system for a power grid system is provided, the system comprising:

[0039] An acquisition module is used to acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology map of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold, and the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes;

[0040] A parameter determination module, used to determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of a plurality of first fault topology graphs;

[0041] A construction module, used to construct a second fault topology map according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes, wherein the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0042] The positioning module is used to determine the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and multiple positioning factors.

[0043] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the system further includes a screening module, and the screening module includes:

[0044] A fault information acquisition submodule is used to acquire fault information of the power grid system and determine the tripping information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system;

[0045] A first determination submodule is used to determine the corresponding distribution network side fault node and user side fault node according to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main network side;

[0046] The second determination submodule is used to obtain the fault location level of the power grid system, and determine multiple initial fault nodes according to the matching relationship between the fault location level and the fault node on the distribution network side.

[0047] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the acquisition module includes:

[0048] A first node determination submodule, used to determine the initial fault node as a main node and determine the adjacent nodes as subnodes;

[0049] A first connection relationship determination submodule, used to determine a first connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0050] A second connection relationship determination submodule, used to determine a second connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0051] The first combining submodule is used to construct a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship.

[0052] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the combined submodule includes:

[0053] A quantization unit, used to quantify the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, and map the correlation between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes into an initial first fault topology graph according to the quantized first connection relationship and the second connection relationship;

[0054] The adjusting unit is used to adjust the priority of the initial first fault topology map according to the quantized first connection relationship and the second connection relationship to obtain an adjusted first fault topology map.

[0055] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the parameter determination module includes:

[0056] A second combination submodule is used to arbitrarily combine two first fault topology graphs to obtain a corresponding first intersection result;

[0057] A matching submodule, used to determine a target adjacent node according to the matching results of the plurality of first intersection results;

[0058] The determination submodule is used to determine a plurality of positioning factors according to the node electrical characteristics of the target adjacent node and the initial fault node.

[0059] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the building blocks include:

[0060] A second node determination submodule is used to determine multiple initial fault nodes as master nodes and target adjacent nodes as subnodes;

[0061] A third connection relationship determination submodule, used to determine a third connection relationship between the main node and the target adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0062] A fourth connection relationship determination submodule, used to determine a fourth connection relationship between the main node and the target adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0063] The second combining submodule is used to construct a second fault topology diagram according to the third connection relationship and the fourth connection relationship.

[0064] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the positioning module includes:

[0065] An analysis submodule, configured to analyze the second fault topology graph and determine a node set including a plurality of candidate fault nodes;

[0066] The target fault node determination submodule is used to determine the fault location rule according to the location factor, and screen the node set according to the fault location rule to determine the target fault node;

[0067] The fault cause determination submodule is used to determine the fault cause based on the electrical characteristic analysis results of the target fault node.

[0068] In summary, the above-mentioned fault location method and system of the power grid system have the following technical effects:

[0069] By constructing a multi-level fault topology map, combined with the influence factors of the faulty nodes and global data fusion, the problems of low accuracy and poor timeliness in power grid fault location are effectively solved. In the power grid system, the electrical connections between multiple nodes are relatively complex. The abnormal voltage or current fluctuations caused by the faulty nodes may be propagated to the adjacent nodes through the power grid, resulting in abnormal fluctuations in the measurement data of the non-faulty nodes, thereby causing misjudgment. The traditional fault location method fails to fully consider the complex fault propagation relationship between nodes in the power grid system and the influence of adjacent nodes, so the positioning accuracy is low, which is easy to cause fault misjudgment. However, the present application obtains multiple initial fault nodes, and constructs a local first fault topology map according to the influence factors of each initial fault node and its adjacent nodes, and then determines the target adjacent nodes and multiple positioning factors according to the intersection results of multiple first fault topology maps. Through the global data fusion method, the interference of adjacent nodes on non-faulty nodes is effectively reduced, and the target faulty nodes are accurately located. At the same time, by constructing the second fault topology map, the global influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node can be characterized, and the accuracy of fault location can be further improved by combining the positioning factor analysis. On the basis of determining the target fault node, analyzing its electrical characteristics and propagation path, accurately locating the fault source and determining the cause of the fault, greatly improving the timeliness and accuracy of fault location. In addition, based on this method, the power system can quickly respond to faults and take corresponding recovery measures, significantly improving the stability and reliability of the power grid and effectively avoiding additional losses caused by misjudgment of faults. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of a fault location method for a power grid system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of functional modules of a fault location system for a power grid system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to be used as limitations to the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of the present application, the singular expressions "one", "a kind of", "", "above", "the" and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless there is a clear contrary indication in the context. It should also be understood that in the following embodiments of the present application, "at least one", "one or more" refer to one or more than two (including two). The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in a "or" relationship.

[0073] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0074] In the following, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for convenience of description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of processing units refers to two or more processing units.

[0075] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are not limited to being defined relative to the orientation of the components schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms can be relative concepts, which are used for description and clarification relative to the components, and can change accordingly according to the change in the orientation of the components placed in the drawings. In the drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of the layers and regions is exaggerated, and the size ratio relationship between the parts in the drawings does not reflect the actual size ratio relationship.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. In addition, the term "electrical connection" can be a direct electrical connection or an indirect electrical connection through an intermediate medium.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, the term "module" is generally a functional structure divided according to logic, and the "module" can be implemented by pure hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware. In the embodiments of the present application, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time.

[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0079] The technical solution in this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0080] In the power grid system, due to the complex electrical connections between multiple nodes, the large scale of the power grid and the large amount of information, the current and voltage data generated by each node are coupled with each other, and the existence of noise interference and dynamic load changes in the operating environment significantly increases the difficulty of data identification. When a node fails, the abnormal current or voltage fluctuations generated may propagate to adjacent nodes along multiple paths of the power grid, further causing abnormal fluctuations in the measurement data of non-faulty nodes. This complex electrical propagation characteristic not only causes the original fault signal to be superimposed, weakened or delayed during transmission, but may also introduce more abnormal data features of non-fault sources, thereby interfering with the accuracy of fault location. For example, when node A fails, the abnormal signal it generates propagates to adjacent nodes B and C through the path electrically connected to it. Due to the complexity of the power grid information, the measurement data of nodes B and C may be significantly affected, showing similar fault characteristics as node A, such as voltage fluctuations and current surges. In actual fault detection, since the fault manifestations of nodes B and C may be more significant or detected earlier, especially when the original fault signal of node A is masked by noise or other normal load fluctuations, the system may mistakenly identify node B or node C as the faulty node and ignore the real fault source node A. The occurrence of this misjudgment phenomenon is not only due to the influence of the complex propagation path of the fault signal in the power grid, but also closely related to the large amount of power grid information and the difficulty in distinguishing data features.

[0081] Based on this, the inventor proposed the inventive concept of the present application: by constructing and analyzing a multi-level fault topology diagram, gradually refining the influence relationship between key nodes, and combining the precise quantification of the influencing factors of each node and the deep fusion of global data, systematically analyzing the fault propagation path and the correlation characteristics between nodes, thereby achieving accurate identification and positioning of the target fault nodes of the power grid system and their fault causes.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a fault location method for a power grid system, which is applied to a server and may specifically include the following steps:

[0083] S101: Acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node according to adjacent nodes of each initial fault node.

[0084] In this embodiment, the initial fault node refers to a node with abnormal performance that is initially identified in the power grid system. The abnormal characteristics of these nodes generally include but are not limited to voltage anomalies, current anomalies, signal delay anomalies, etc. The initial fault node is the starting point of the entire fault analysis, and its selection directly affects the construction of the subsequent topology map and the accuracy of fault location. An adjacent node refers to a node whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold value. An adjacent node refers to a node that has a direct or indirect electrical connection relationship with the initial fault node in the power grid topology, and the state characteristics of these nodes are significantly affected by the abnormal behavior of the initial fault node. Specifically, the selection of adjacent nodes is based on the size of the influence factor. When the influence factor between an adjacent node and the initial fault node is greater than a set threshold, the node is regarded as an adjacent node. The influence factor generally reflects the fault propagation characteristics between two nodes, such as the coupling strength of electrical parameters, the weight of the conduction path, or the propagation amplitude of the fault fluctuation. By identifying the initial fault node and its adjacent nodes, a local fault topological relationship can be effectively constructed to provide data support for further analyzing the fault propagation law and locking the fault source. Accurately characterize the local influence relationship between the initial fault node and its directly associated adjacent nodes, and clarify the propagation path and influence range of the fault signal in the local range. In the power grid system, fault signals may spread to surrounding nodes through electrical connections, causing abnormal characteristics in non-faulty nodes, and it is difficult to accurately identify the true fault source only through the measurement data of a single initial faulty node. By constructing the first fault topology map, the connection relationship and influencing factors between the initial faulty node and the adjacent nodes can be systematically sorted out to reveal the propagation characteristics of the fault in a local range. This not only distinguishes between secondary anomalies caused by propagation and the true source of the fault, but also provides reliable basic data support for subsequent global fault location and cross-analysis, improving the efficiency and accuracy of fault analysis, while reducing the possibility of misjudgment due to the spread of local anomalies.

[0085] In a feasible implementation manner, determining multiple initial fault nodes includes:

[0086] S1001: Acquire fault information of the power grid system, and determine trip information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system;

[0087] S1012: Determine the corresponding distribution network side fault node and user side fault node according to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main network side;

[0088] S1013: Obtain a fault location level of the power grid system, and determine a plurality of initial fault nodes according to a matching relationship between the fault location level and a fault node on the distribution network side.

[0089] In the implementation methods of S1001 to S1003, the fault information in the power grid system is first obtained. This information can be collected in real time through the power grid monitoring device or system detection data, specifically including various electrical parameters such as voltage anomaly, current anomaly, frequency fluctuation, etc. Based on the collected fault information, the tripping situation on the main grid side is further analyzed, such as circuit breaker action, protection device triggering, etc., so as to determine the tripping information on the main grid side. These tripping information reflects the initial scope and level of the fault impact, providing a basis for subsequent cascade relationship analysis. According to the cascade relationship between the tripping information on the main grid side, the path and characteristics of the main grid side fault impact propagation to the distribution network side and the user side are determined. By analyzing the logical chain of the cascade relationship, the distribution network side fault node and the user side fault node associated with the main grid side fault can be identified. This step aims to gradually narrow the fault location range, correspond the tripping information on the main grid side to the downstream distribution network and user side fault nodes, and lay the foundation for subsequent accurate fault location. The fault location level is usually used to characterize the scope or severity of fault impacts at different levels. Then, according to the matching relationship between the fault location level and the fault node on the distribution network side, multiple initial fault nodes that meet the conditions are screened out. These initial fault nodes are determined based on the correlation between the fault characteristics of the distribution network and the user side and the location level, and will serve as the starting point for subsequent fault topology map construction and fault source analysis. Through this hierarchical analysis, it is possible to achieve step-by-step fault tracing from the main network to the distribution network and then to the user side, improving the accuracy and efficiency of fault location.

[0090] The scale of the power grid system is huge, and the fault information is complex and scattered. It is difficult to fully reflect the propagation characteristics of the fault by relying on a single data. By obtaining the tripping information on the main grid side, the severity and scope of the fault can be preliminarily judged, providing a basis for subsequent more detailed analysis. Hierarchical processing can help narrow down from the global to the local, so as to focus on the possible fault area. The power grid has the characteristics of strong connectivity and complex coupling. The fault on the main grid side may be transmitted to the distribution network side and the user side through the cascade effect. Through the cascade relationship analysis, the specific affected nodes from the main grid to the distribution network and the user side can be effectively identified. This can intuitively present the propagation path of the fault, help distinguish between the direct fault node and the secondary impact node caused by the propagation, and avoid misjudgment. The fault location level characterizes the scope and characteristic information of the fault. Through the matching relationship with the fault node on the distribution network side, a group of representative initial fault nodes can be accurately screened. The accurate identification of the initial fault node is crucial for the construction and global analysis of the subsequent fault topology map. This step can further filter the noise data, exclude irrelevant nodes, and improve the efficiency and accuracy of subsequent analysis.

[0091] As an example, suppose that the power grid monitoring system detects that the main substation A has tripped, and preliminarily determines that it has affected multiple transmission lines downstream, and records specific trip information, such as abnormal behaviors such as overcurrent and overvoltage of a high-voltage line. According to the trip information of the main substation A, it is found that the fault spreads along two transmission lines: Transmission line L1: connected to the distribution network node B, which further affects the user nodes C and D. Transmission line L2: connected to the distribution network node E, which further affects the user nodes F and G. By analyzing the cascade relationship between the main network and the distribution network, the system determines the affected distribution network nodes (B and E) and the downstream user nodes (C, D, F, G). Obtain the fault location level predefined by the system, such as defining the fault level as "intermediate" based on the criteria such as the tripping impact range and node importance. Among the distribution network nodes B and E, the fault performance of the distribution network node B has a higher degree of matching with the characteristics of the location level, so B is determined as the initial fault node, and also includes the user nodes C and D directly connected to it. Similarly, the distribution network node E is also determined as the initial fault node, including user nodes F and G.

[0092] Through the above steps, the system finally identified the two initial fault nodes B and E, as well as the downstream nodes they affected (C, D, F, G). These nodes will become the focus of subsequent construction of the fault topology map and analysis of the fault cause.

[0093] In a feasible implementation manner, constructing a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node according to adjacent nodes of each initial fault node includes:

[0094] S1011: determining the initial faulty node as a master node, and determining the adjacent nodes as child nodes;

[0095] S1012: Determine a first connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0096] S1013: Determine a second connection relationship between the main node and the adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0097] S1014: Construct a first fault topology graph for each initial fault node according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship.

[0098] In the implementation of S1011 to S1014, first determining the initial fault node as the main node is the core starting point of the fault analysis. Subnodes are directly associated nodes affected by the main node fault, and their state characteristics may be abnormal due to the main node fault. Similarly, the main node will also be directly affected by the adjacent nodes. Next, the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and its adjacent nodes is analyzed. This relationship can be obtained by historical data, real-time records of monitoring devices, or calculations based on simulation models. The fault propagation relationship generally reflects the path and strength of the main node fault signal transmitted to the subnode through the electrical connection, such as the propagation mode of overcurrent, overvoltage or short circuit faults. Based on this information, a first connection relationship between the main node and each subnode is established, and these connection relationships are generally directional (from the main node to the subnode or from the subnode to the main node) and carry attribute data of the propagation strength. In addition to the fault propagation relationship, the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes also needs to be considered. This relationship indicates the information transmission and collaboration between the two nodes, such as the interaction mode of remote control signals, monitoring instructions or status reports. The communication interaction relationship may directly affect the fault propagation characteristics and response speed, so this relationship needs to be recorded as another important connection information when constructing the topology map. By analyzing parameters such as the frequency, bandwidth or delay of the communication interaction, the second connection relationship between the master node and the child node is further determined.

[0099] The first connection relationship (fault propagation relationship) and the second connection relationship (communication interaction relationship) are merged to generate a complete connection structure between the main node and all child nodes. This structure is centered on the initial fault node and shows the multi-level association relationship between it and all adjacent nodes. The first fault topology diagram is a local topology network that is used to clearly describe the propagation path of the fault in a local range and the interaction characteristics between nodes, laying the foundation for subsequent global fault topology analysis and fault location.

[0100] Through the above steps, the first fault topology diagram can not only quantify the scope and degree of influence of the initial fault node on its adjacent nodes, but also reflect the system response characteristics through communication relationships, thereby achieving a comprehensive characterization of the local fault propagation law.

[0101] S102: Determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of the plurality of first fault topology graphs.

[0102] In this embodiment, the process of determining the target adjacent nodes and multiple positioning factors based on the intersection results of multiple first fault topology maps is to comprehensively analyze the local topological characteristics of multiple initial fault nodes, and screen out important nodes and related positioning indicators with common characteristics in multiple fault topology maps. Specifically, each first fault topology map takes the initial fault node as the main node, indicating its local influence relationship with the adjacent nodes. Different initial fault nodes may share some adjacent nodes due to the complex connectivity in the power grid. These shared adjacent nodes appear repeatedly in multiple topology maps, indicating that they may play a more important role in fault propagation. By calculating the intersection results of multiple first fault topology maps, these shared nodes can be effectively extracted, and then they can be determined as target adjacent nodes.

[0103] At the same time, in the process of determining the target adjacent nodes, it is also necessary to combine the key parameter relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent nodes to extract multiple positioning factors. These positioning factors may include but are not limited to the fault propagation probability between nodes, communication interaction strength, fault signal delay, numerical characteristics of influencing factors, etc. These factors characterize the importance of the target adjacent node in the fault propagation path and its degree of association with the initial fault node. For example, if a target adjacent node appears frequently in multiple fault topology graphs and its propagation relationship strength with the initial fault node is large, then the positioning factor of the node may have a higher weight, thus becoming the focus of attention in the subsequent global fault topology analysis.

[0104] In a feasible implementation manner, determining a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of a plurality of first fault topology graphs includes:

[0105] S1021: arbitrarily combine two first fault topology graphs to obtain a corresponding first intersection result;

[0106] S1022: Determine a target adjacent node according to the matching results of the multiple first intersection results;

[0107] S1023: Determine multiple positioning factors according to node electrical characteristics of the target adjacent node and the initial fault node.

[0108] In the implementation method of S1021 to S1023, first, any two of the first fault topology maps that have been constructed are randomly selected for combination. These topology maps are derived from different initial fault nodes, respectively, and represent the local fault propagation relationship between each and the adjacent nodes. By combining the two topology maps, their intersection parts in terms of node connection, influencing factors and propagation paths are analyzed. The intersection result reflects the nodes and connection relationships that appear in common in the two topology maps, that is, these nodes play a certain role in multiple fault propagation paths, and may be important nodes or potential fault sources in the power grid system. By arbitrarily combining multiple topology maps and analyzing the intersection, key nodes that appear repeatedly in the power grid and have a greater impact on fault propagation can be identified. By matching and comparing multiple intersection results, those nodes that frequently appear in the intersection of multiple topology maps are screened out. These nodes are considered to be target adjacent nodes and have strong representativeness and relevance. The matching criteria can be based on factors such as the number of node occurrences, the size of the influencing factor, and the importance of the path of fault propagation. For example, if a node appears frequently in multiple intersection results and has a strong connection relationship with multiple initial fault nodes, it means that the node plays a vital role in fault propagation and may be the key point that causes subsequent faults or affects the stability of the power grid. The determination of the target adjacent nodes is based on these intersection results, which can effectively lock the area in the power grid system that is most likely to be affected by the fault. The electrical characteristics between the target adjacent nodes and the initial fault node are further analyzed, and multiple positioning factors are determined based on these characteristics. The node electrical characteristics usually include the node's voltage, current, impedance, power flow, impedance of the fault propagation path, etc. These parameters can effectively reflect the node's response strength and sensitivity during the fault propagation process. For example, if the voltage deviation between a target adjacent node and the initial fault node is large, or it plays a key role in the abnormal current fluctuation, then the electrical characteristics of the node can be used as an important positioning factor to help determine the specific location of the fault source. Through the analysis of these electrical characteristics, multiple positioning factors can be obtained, which not only reflect the fault propagation relationship between the node and the initial fault node, but also reveal the node's fault sensitivity and response characteristics. Ultimately, by combining these positioning factors, the fault source in the power grid system can be located more accurately, further improving the accuracy of fault location and the efficiency of system recovery.

[0109] S103: Construct a second fault topology graph according to the target adjacent node and multiple initial fault nodes.

[0110] In this embodiment, after determining the target adjacent node and multiple initial fault nodes, a second fault topology graph for characterizing the global impact relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node may be constructed, and the specific steps may include:

[0111] S1031: multiple initial fault nodes are determined as master nodes, and target adjacent nodes are determined as child nodes;

[0112] S1032: Determine a third connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0113] S1033: Determine a fourth connection relationship between the master node and the target adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial faulty node and the target adjacent node;

[0114] S1034: Construct a second fault topology graph according to the third connection relationship and the fourth connection relationship.

[0115] In the implementation of S1031 to S1034, the previously determined multiple initial fault nodes are set as master nodes. These nodes are selected from multiple local fault topology graphs, and they play a core role in the propagation of power grid faults. Then, the target adjacent node is connected to the master node as a child node. The target adjacent node is the node determined in the intersection analysis of the first fault topology graph, and they share certain influencing factors and propagation relationships with the initial fault node, so their state and behavior are of great significance in fault analysis. By clearly identifying the relationship between these nodes and the master node, the infrastructure of the second fault topology graph is constructed. Next, the fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node is analyzed. These relationships reflect how the fault propagates from the initial fault node to the target adjacent node, such as the conduction mode of voltage drop, current fluctuation or overload. By calculating or simulating these propagation paths, the propagation intensity and impact range can be quantified, and then the third connection relationship between the master node and the target adjacent node is determined. This connection relationship may include factors such as propagation delay, propagation path loss, and propagation intensity, aiming to accurately depict the flow and impact of the fault signal. In addition to fault propagation, the communication interaction relationship between the master node and the target adjacent node also needs to be considered. The communication interaction relationship usually characterizes the information transmission and coordination between nodes, such as feedback of control signals, sharing of measurement data, transmission of monitoring instructions, etc. In the process of fault location, communication interaction can have an important impact on the fault propagation path and the change of node status. By analyzing parameters such as communication mode, signal strength and interaction delay, the fourth connection relationship between the master node and the target adjacent node can be further determined. These relationships will help to fully understand the characteristics and constraints of information flow within the power grid system during fault propagation. Finally, combined with the third connection relationship (fault propagation relationship) and the fourth connection relationship (communication interaction relationship), these relationships are integrated to construct the second fault topology map. The second fault topology map is different from the local first fault topology map. It is a broader network structure that shows the global impact path from multiple initial fault nodes to the target adjacent nodes. This topology map will show the connection strength, propagation path and information interaction between each master node and the target adjacent node in detail, providing key data for further global fault analysis. This step provides a higher-level perspective for global fault location of the power grid system, and can accurately identify the mutual influence and connection between different nodes.

[0116] S104: Determine a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and a plurality of positioning factors.

[0117] In this embodiment, the global impact relationship in the second fault topology diagram is combined with the details of multiple positioning factors, and the target fault node in the power grid system and the root cause of the fault are accurately identified by comprehensively analyzing the multi-dimensional data such as the propagation path between nodes, fault characteristics, and signal interaction. The specific steps include:

[0118] S1041: Analyze the second fault topology graph to determine a node set including multiple candidate fault nodes;

[0119] S1042: determining a fault location rule according to the location factor, and screening the node set according to the fault location rule to determine a target fault node;

[0120] S1043: Determine the cause of the fault according to the electrical characteristic analysis result of the target fault node.

[0121] In the implementation of S1041 to S1043, the second fault topology map needs to be fully analyzed first. The topology map shows the global influence relationship between multiple initial fault nodes and target adjacent nodes. Therefore, the system will identify all nodes that may be affected by the fault and classify them as candidate fault nodes. These candidate fault nodes refer to nodes with strong propagation relationships on the fault propagation path. These nodes may be the source of the actual fault or the nodes affected during the fault propagation process. The selection of candidate nodes is based on factors such as fault propagation relationships, electrical connections between nodes, and communication interactions. For example, if a node frequently appears in the fault topology map of multiple initial fault nodes, or has a strong propagation relationship with multiple fault nodes, it will be considered as a potential source of fault. Therefore, after this step, the system will obtain a node set containing multiple candidate fault nodes. Then, the fault location rules are determined using positioning factors (such as fault propagation strength, electrical connection relationship between nodes, communication interaction frequency, etc.). These rules are designed according to the characteristics of power grid faults. For example, some rules may give priority to the length of the propagation path, and some rules may focus on the interactive response between nodes. For example, the positioning rules may include: propagation strength rule: give priority to nodes with higher propagation strength; electrical characteristic rule: nodes with larger voltage and current fluctuations are more likely to be fault sources; interaction mode rule: nodes with frequent and abnormal communication signals are considered possible fault sources. According to these fault location rules, the system will further screen the set of candidate fault nodes. For example, if the propagation relationship between candidate node A and multiple initial fault nodes is particularly strong, and its communication is abnormally frequent, the system will prioritize A as the target fault node. Through this screening process, one or more target fault nodes are finally determined. Finally, the identified target fault nodes are subjected to detailed electrical characteristic analysis. This step helps to confirm the specific type and cause of the fault by dynamically monitoring and analyzing the electrical parameters (such as voltage, current, frequency, etc.) of the target fault node.

[0122] In a feasible implementation manner, after determining the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system, the method further includes:

[0123] Determine the fault level of the power system based on the target fault nodes and fault causes of the business system;

[0124] According to the fault level of the power system, the corresponding fault alarm strategy is executed.

[0125] In this embodiment, after determining the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system, the method further includes determining the fault level of the power system according to the target fault node and the fault cause. Through the specific analysis of the target fault node and the identification of the fault cause, the system can evaluate the severity of the fault, the scope of impact and the potential threat to the power grid system, thereby determining the fault level of the power system. The classification of fault levels usually considers multiple factors, such as the core of the fault node, the scope of fault propagation, the duration of the power grid interruption, the affected area of ​​the power supply, etc. According to these factors, the fault may be divided into different levels such as minor faults, general faults, and serious faults, which helps the system to prioritize and handle the faults accordingly. Next, according to the fault level of the power system, the corresponding fault alarm strategy is executed. Different fault levels require different alarm response measures. For example, minor faults may only trigger internal monitoring and preliminary investigation, while serious faults require immediate system isolation, recovery and possible emergency response. In addition, the alarm strategy can also automatically adjust the response intensity according to the fault level, promptly notify the relevant operation and maintenance personnel and dispatching personnel, and start the repair process to ensure that the fault is handled quickly and effectively, thereby reducing the impact of the fault on the power supply and improving the reliability and stability of the power grid.

[0126] The fault location method of the power grid system provided by the present application effectively solves the problems of low accuracy and poor timeliness in power grid fault location by constructing a multi-level fault topology map, combining the influence factors of the faulty nodes and global data fusion. In the power grid system, the electrical connection between multiple nodes is relatively complex, and the abnormal fluctuations of voltage or current caused by the faulty nodes may be propagated to the adjacent nodes through the power grid, resulting in abnormal fluctuations in the measurement data of the non-faulty nodes, thereby causing misjudgment. The traditional fault location method fails to fully consider the complex fault propagation relationship between nodes in the power grid system and the influence of adjacent nodes, so the positioning accuracy is low, which is easy to cause fault misjudgment. However, the present application obtains multiple initial fault nodes, and constructs a local first fault topology map according to the influence factors of each initial fault node and its adjacent nodes, and then determines the target adjacent nodes and multiple positioning factors according to the intersection results of the multiple first fault topology maps. Through the global data fusion method, the interference of adjacent nodes to non-faulty nodes is effectively reduced, and the target faulty nodes are accurately located. At the same time, by constructing the second fault topology map, the global influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node can be characterized, and the accuracy of fault location can be further improved by combining the positioning factor analysis. On the basis of determining the target fault node, analyzing its electrical characteristics and propagation path, accurately locating the fault source and determining the cause of the fault, greatly improving the timeliness and accuracy of fault location. In addition, based on this method, the power system can quickly respond to faults and take corresponding recovery measures, significantly improving the stability and reliability of the power grid and effectively avoiding additional losses caused by misjudgment of faults.

[0127] In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, refer to Figure 2 , shows a fault location system 200 of a power grid system provided by an embodiment of the present application, the system comprising:

[0128] The acquisition module 201 is used to acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology map of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold, and the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes;

[0129] A parameter determination module 202, configured to determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of location factors according to the intersection results of a plurality of the first fault topology graphs;

[0130] A construction module 203 is used to construct a second fault topology map according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes, wherein the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0131] The positioning module 204 is used to determine the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and the multiple positioning factors.

[0132] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the system further includes a screening module, and the screening module includes:

[0133] A fault information acquisition submodule, used to acquire the fault information of the power grid system, and determine the tripping information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system;

[0134] A first determination submodule is used to determine the corresponding distribution network side fault node and user side fault node according to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main network side;

[0135] The second determination submodule is used to obtain the fault location level of the power grid system, and determine the multiple initial fault nodes according to the matching relationship between the fault location level and the distribution network side fault node.

[0136] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the acquisition module includes:

[0137] A first node determination submodule, configured to determine the initial fault node as a main node and the adjacent nodes as subnodes;

[0138] A first connection relationship determination submodule, configured to determine a first connection relationship between the primary node and the adjacent node according to a fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0139] A second connection relationship determination submodule, configured to determine a second connection relationship between the primary node and the adjacent node according to a communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node;

[0140] The first combining submodule is used to construct a first fault topology graph of each of the initial fault nodes according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship.

[0141] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the combined submodule includes:

[0142] a quantization unit, configured to quantify the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, and map the correlation between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes into an initial first fault topology graph according to the quantized first connection relationship and the second connection relationship;

[0143] An adjusting unit is used to adjust the priority of the initial first fault topology map according to the quantized first connection relationship and the second connection relationship to obtain an adjusted first fault topology map.

[0144] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the parameter determination module includes:

[0145] A second combining submodule, used for arbitrarily combining two of the first fault topology graphs to obtain a corresponding first intersection result;

[0146] A matching submodule, used for determining the target adjacent node according to the matching results of the plurality of first intersection results;

[0147] The determination submodule is used to determine the multiple positioning factors according to the node electrical characteristics of the target adjacent node and the initial fault node.

[0148] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the building blocks include:

[0149] A second node determination submodule, configured to determine the multiple initial fault nodes as a main node, and the target adjacent node as a subnode;

[0150] A third connection relationship determination submodule, configured to determine a third connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to a fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node;

[0151] a fourth connection relationship determination submodule, configured to determine a fourth connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to a communication interaction relationship between the initial faulty node and the target adjacent node;

[0152] The second combining submodule is used to construct the second fault topology diagram according to the third connection relationship and the fourth connection relationship.

[0153] In an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, the positioning module includes:

[0154] An analysis submodule, configured to analyze the second fault topology graph and determine a node set including a plurality of candidate fault nodes;

[0155] A target fault node determination submodule is used to determine a fault location rule according to the location factor, and screen the node set according to the fault location rule to determine the target fault node;

[0156] The fault cause determination submodule is used to determine the fault cause according to the electrical characteristic analysis result of the target fault node.

[0157] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When a computer instruction or computer program is loaded or executed on a computer, a process or function according to an embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable system. The computer program or instruction can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer program or instruction can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0158] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0159] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented by: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0160] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0161] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0162] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, systems and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0163] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the system or unit can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0164] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0165] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0166] If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.

[0167] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fault location method for a power grid system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology graph of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold, and the first fault topology graph is used to characterize the local influence relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes; Determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of the plurality of first fault topology graphs; Constructing a second fault topology graph according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes, wherein the second fault topology graph is used to characterize the global impact relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node; Determining a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and the plurality of location factors; The step of constructing a first fault topology graph of each of the initial fault nodes according to the adjacent nodes of each of the initial fault nodes includes: Determine the initial fault node as a master node, and determine the adjacent nodes as child nodes; Determining a first connection relationship between the primary node and the adjacent node according to a fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node; Determining a second connection relationship between the primary node and the adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent node; Constructing a first fault topology graph of each of the initial fault nodes according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship; The constructing a second fault topology graph according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes includes: Determine the multiple initial fault nodes as master nodes, and determine the target adjacent nodes as child nodes; Determining a third connection relationship between the primary node and the target adjacent node according to a fault propagation relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node; Determining a fourth connection relationship between the master node and the target adjacent node according to the communication interaction relationship between the initial faulty node and the target adjacent node; Constructing the second fault topology graph according to the third connection relationship and the fourth connection relationship; The determining, according to the second fault topology map and the plurality of positioning factors, a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system includes: Analyze the second fault topology graph to determine a node set including multiple candidate fault nodes; Determine a fault location rule according to the location factor, and screen the node set according to the fault location rule to determine the target fault node; The cause of the fault is determined according to the electrical characteristic analysis result of the target fault node.

2. The fault location method of the power grid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before obtaining the location information of the plurality of initial fault nodes, the method includes: Acquire fault information of the power grid system, and determine trip information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system; According to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main network side, the corresponding distribution network side fault node and user side fault node are determined; The fault location level of the power grid system is acquired, and the multiple initial fault nodes are determined according to a matching relationship between the fault location level and the distribution network side fault node.

3. The fault location method of the power grid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of constructing a first fault topology graph of each of the initial fault nodes according to the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship includes: quantifying the first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, and mapping the correlation relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes into an initial first fault topology graph according to the quantified first connection relationship and the second connection relationship; According to the quantified first connection relationship and the second connection relationship, the priority of the initial first fault topology map is adjusted to obtain the adjusted first fault topology map.

4. The fault location method of the power grid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of the plurality of the first fault topology graphs comprises: Arbitrarily combine two of the first fault topology graphs to obtain a corresponding first intersection result; Determining the target adjacent node according to the matching results of the plurality of first intersection results; The plurality of positioning factors are determined according to node electrical characteristics of the target adjacent node and the initial fault node.

5. The fault location method of the power grid system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After determining the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system, the method further includes: Determining a fault level of the power system according to a target fault node and a fault cause of the power grid system; According to the fault level of the power system, a corresponding fault alarm strategy is executed.

6. A fault location system for a power grid system, characterized in that: For implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 5, the system comprises: An acquisition module is used to acquire multiple initial fault nodes, and construct a first fault topology map of each initial fault node according to the adjacent nodes of each initial fault node, wherein the adjacent nodes are nodes whose influence factor with the initial fault node is greater than a threshold, and the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the adjacent nodes; A parameter determination module, used to determine a target adjacent node and a plurality of positioning factors according to the intersection results of a plurality of the first fault topology graphs; A construction module, used to construct a second fault topology map according to the target adjacent node and the multiple initial fault nodes, wherein the first fault topology map is used to characterize the influence relationship between the initial fault node and the target adjacent node; A positioning module is used to determine the target fault node and the fault cause of the power grid system according to the second fault topology map and the multiple positioning factors.

7. The fault location system of the power grid system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The system further comprises a screening module, wherein the screening module comprises: A fault information acquisition submodule, used to acquire the fault information of the power grid system, and determine the tripping information of the main grid side according to the fault information of the power grid system; The first determination submodule is used to determine the corresponding distribution network side fault node and user side fault node according to the cascade relationship of the tripping information on the main network side; the second determination submodule is used to obtain the fault location level of the power grid system, and determine the multiple initial fault nodes according to the matching relationship between the fault location level and the distribution network side fault node.

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