Fuel cell clamp and temperature control method

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell clamp and a temperature control method, and the fuel cell clamp comprises a first end plate and a second end plate which are respectively arranged at one side, far away from a collector plate, of two insulating plates of a cell stack and are connected with each other to clamp the cell stack, and the first end plate is respectively provided with a first water passing channel and a second water passing channel; a first water channel and a second water channel are respectively arranged between the first end plate and the bipolar plate far away from the first end plate, two ends of the first water channel are respectively communicated with the first water channel and a water channel in the bipolar plate, and two ends of the second water channel are respectively communicated with the second water channel and a water channel in the bipolar plate; wherein the first water passing channel is located above the second water passing channel in the vertical direction, so that water is introduced into the first water passing channel or the second water passing channel, and the problems of poor performance and durability of a membrane electrode of a fuel cell in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell clamps, and in particular to a fuel cell clamp and a temperature control method. Background Art

[0002] At present, proton membrane hydrogen fuel cell is an energy device that directly converts chemical energy stored in fuel and oxidant into electrical energy. It has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, less environmental pollution and long service life. It is suitable for various purposes such as transportation, power stations, mobile power sources, etc., and has broad market application prospects.

[0003] However, the durability of automotive fuel cells is restricted by many factors such as bipolar plates and membrane electrodes. The cost is restricted by the performance of the membrane electrode. The durability and performance of the membrane electrode are affected by the water and heat management in the battery. Too much or too little water may affect the performance and durability of the membrane electrode. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell fixture and a temperature control method to solve the problem of poor performance and durability of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell clamp for clamping on a battery stack, the battery stack comprising at least two bipolar plates, a membrane electrode being provided between two adjacent bipolar plates, and current collecting plates and insulating plates being provided in sequence on both sides of at least two bipolar plates which are relatively far away from each other, the fuel cell clamp comprising: a first end plate and a second end plate, which are respectively arranged on one side of the two insulating plates away from the current collecting plates and are connected to each other to clamp the battery stack, a first water channel and a second water channel being provided on the first end plate respectively; a first water channel and a second water channel being provided between the first end plate and a bipolar plate in the battery stack away from the first end plate respectively, two ends of the first water channel being communicated with the first water channel and a water channel flow inside the bipolar plate respectively, and two ends of the second water channel being communicated with the second water channel and a water channel flow inside the bipolar plate respectively; wherein, in the vertical direction, the first water channel is located above the second water channel.

[0006] Furthermore, the first water channel includes a plurality of first water holes arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, there are multiple first water channels, the multiple first water channels are respectively connected to the water channels inside the bipolar plates, and the multiple first water holes are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple first water channels; the second water channel includes a plurality of second water holes arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, there are multiple second water channels, the multiple second water channels are respectively connected to the water channels inside the bipolar plates, and the multiple second water holes are respectively arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second water channels.

[0007] Furthermore, the bipolar plates are respectively provided with a plurality of first waterway holes and a plurality of second waterway holes connected to the waterway flow channels therein, the plurality of first waterway holes are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water holes, and the plurality of second waterway holes are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water holes; the frames of the membrane electrode are respectively provided with a plurality of third waterway holes and a plurality of fourth waterway holes, the plurality of third waterway holes are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first waterway holes, and the plurality of fourth waterway holes are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second waterway holes; the two current collecting plates are located at the first end A collecting plate between the plate and the membrane electrode is provided with a plurality of fifth water channel holes and a plurality of sixth water channel holes, respectively, the plurality of fifth water channel holes are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of third water channel holes, respectively, and the plurality of sixth water channel holes are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of fourth water channel holes, respectively; a plurality of seventh water channel holes and a plurality of eighth water channel holes are respectively provided on an insulating plate located between the first end plate and the collecting plate among the two insulating plates, the plurality of seventh water channel holes are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of fifth water channel holes, respectively, and the plurality of eighth water channel holes are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of sixth water channel holes, respectively.

[0008] Further, the first water channel hole, the third water channel hole, the fifth water channel hole and the seventh water channel hole are connected in sequence to form a first water channel; and / or, the second water channel hole, the fourth water channel hole, the sixth water channel hole and the eighth water channel hole are connected in sequence to form a second water channel.

[0009] Furthermore, an anode ventilation inlet and an anode ventilation outlet are respectively provided on the first end plate, the anode ventilation inlet is arranged on one side close to the first water passage, and the anode ventilation outlet is arranged on one side close to the second water passage, and a first anode gas path and a second anode gas path connected to the gas flow channels on two side surfaces of the bipolar plate are respectively provided between the first end plate and a bipolar plate in the battery stack away from the first end plate, the first anode gas path is connected to the anode ventilation inlet, and the second anode gas path is connected to the anode ventilation outlet; a cathode ventilation inlet and a cathode ventilation outlet are respectively provided on the first end plate, the cathode ventilation inlet is arranged on the other side of the first water passage, and the cathode ventilation outlet is arranged on the other side of the second water passage, and a first cathode gas path and a second cathode gas path connected to the gas flow channels on two side surfaces of the bipolar plate are respectively provided between the first end plate and a bipolar plate in the battery stack away from the first end plate, the first cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation inlet, and the second cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the bipolar plate, the frame of the membrane electrode, a current collecting plate located between the first end plate and the bipolar plate, and an insulating plate located between the first end plate and the current collecting plate are all provided with ventilation holes corresponding to the anode ventilation inlet, the anode ventilation outlet, the cathode ventilation inlet and the cathode ventilation outlet, so that the ventilation holes on the bipolar plate, the frame of the membrane electrode, the current collecting plate and the insulating plate are connected in sequence to form a first anode gas path, a second anode gas path, a first cathode gas path and a second cathode gas path, respectively.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fuel cell temperature control method is provided, which is applicable to the fuel cell fixture mentioned above. The fuel cell temperature control method includes: setting a target temperature value; obtaining a real-time temperature value inside the battery stack; judging the temperature between the target temperature value and the real-time temperature value, so as to judge whether to heat or dissipate the heat of the battery stack according to the temperature.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of heating or dissipating heat for the battery stack according to the temperature difference includes: when the target temperature value is greater than the real-time temperature value, controlling the external water circuit to pass high-temperature temperature control liquid into the first water channel, so that the low-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack is discharged from the second water channel to increase the temperature inside the battery stack; and / or, when the target temperature value is less than the real-time temperature value, controlling the external water circuit to pass low-temperature temperature control liquid into the second water channel, so that the high-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack is discharged from the first water channel to reduce the temperature inside the battery stack.

[0013] Furthermore, the temperature control method also includes: obtaining the real-time current inside the battery stack; when the real-time current is greater than a preset current value, controlling two first water holes respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet and the cathode ventilation outlet to open, and closing the remaining first water holes; controlling two second water holes respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet and the cathode ventilation outlet to open, and closing the remaining second water holes; controlling the external water circuit to respectively introduce low-temperature temperature control liquid into a first water hole and a second water hole close to the cathode ventilation inlet, so that the low-temperature temperature control liquid is discharged from a first water hole and a second water hole close to the cathode ventilation outlet, so that the humidity on the cathode side of the membrane electrode is consistent.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature control method also includes: when the battery stack stops running, controlling the external water circuit to respectively introduce high-temperature temperature control liquid into a first water hole and a second water hole near the cathode ventilation outlet, so that a first water hole and a second water hole near the cathode ventilation inlet discharge the low-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack to blow dry the moisture on the cathode side of the membrane electrode.

[0015] Applying the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell clamp for clamping on a battery stack, wherein the battery stack comprises at least two bipolar plates, a membrane electrode is provided between two adjacent bipolar plates, and current collecting plates and insulating plates are provided in sequence on both sides of at least two bipolar plates that are relatively far away from each other, and the fuel cell clamp comprises: a first end plate and a second end plate, which are respectively arranged on one side of the two insulating plates away from the current collecting plates and are connected to each other to clamp the battery stack, and a first water channel and a second water channel are respectively provided on the first end plate; a first water channel and a second water channel are respectively provided between the first end plate and a bipolar plate in the battery stack away from the first end plate, and both ends of the first water channel are respectively communicated with the first water channel and the water channel flow inside the bipolar plate, and both ends of the second water channel are respectively communicated with the second water channel and the water channel flow inside the bipolar plate; wherein, in the vertical direction, the first water channel is located above the second water channel.

[0016] In this way, during specific use, the first end plate and the second end plate are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery stack to clamp the battery stack. When the battery operating temperature is lower than the optimal operating temperature or the battery generates a large amount of heat, a temperature control liquid is introduced into a corresponding one of the first water channel and the second water channel, so that the temperature control liquid flows from one of the first water channel and the second water channel corresponding to it into the water channel inside the bipolar plate, so that the original temperature control liquid in the water channel flows into the other of the first water channel and the second water channel and is discharged from the other of the first water channel and the second water channel, thereby realizing the temperature control operation of the battery during operation, effectively improving the heating and cooling efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the entire system, and improving the efficiency of the entire battery stack system, so as to solve the problem of poor performance and durability of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell in the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a fuel cell clamp according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 An exploded view of an embodiment of a fuel cell clamp according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a first end plate according to an embodiment of a fuel cell fixture of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of a fuel cell clamp according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of one of the bipolar plate, membrane electrode, current collecting plate and insulating plate of an embodiment of a fuel cell fixture according to the present invention is shown.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 1. Bipolar plate; 2. Membrane electrode; 3. Current collecting plate; 4. Insulating plate; 10. First end plate; 11. First water channel; 110. First water hole; 12. Second water channel; 120. Second water hole; 13. Connecting hole; 14. Positioning hole; 20. Second end plate; 30. First water channel hole; 31. Third water channel hole; 32. Fifth water channel hole; 33. Seventh water channel hole; 40. Second water channel hole; 41. Fourth water channel hole; 42. Sixth water channel hole; 43. Eighth water channel hole; 51. Anode ventilation inlet; 52. Anode ventilation outlet; 53. Cathode ventilation inlet; 54. Cathode ventilation outlet; 100. Battery stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] In order to solve the problem of poor performance and durability of the membrane electrode of a fuel cell in the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel cell fixture and a temperature control method.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, one aspect of the technical solution of the present invention provides a fuel cell clamp for clamping on a battery stack 100, the battery stack 100 includes at least two bipolar plates 1, a membrane electrode 2 is provided between two adjacent bipolar plates 1, and both sides of at least two bipolar plates 1 that are relatively far away are sequentially provided with a current collecting plate 3 and an insulating plate 4, the fuel cell clamp includes: a first end plate 10 and a second end plate 20, which are respectively arranged on the side of the two insulating plates 4 away from the current collecting plate 3 and are connected to each other to clamp the battery stack 100, and the first end plate 10 is provided with a membrane electrode 2 between the two adjacent bipolar plates 1. A first water channel 11 and a second water channel 12 are respectively provided; a first water channel and a second water channel are respectively provided between the first end plate 10 and a bipolar plate 1 in the battery stack 100 away from the first end plate 10, the two ends of the first water channel are respectively connected to the first water channel 11 and the water channel inside the bipolar plate 1, and the two ends of the second water channel are respectively connected to the second water channel 12 and the water channel flow inside the bipolar plate 1; wherein, along the vertical direction, the first water channel 11 is located above the second water channel 12.

[0028] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, when it is used specifically, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery stack 100 to clamp the battery stack 100. When the battery operating temperature is lower than the optimal operating temperature or the battery generates a large amount of heat, a temperature-controlling liquid is introduced into a corresponding one of the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12, so that the temperature-controlling liquid flows from one of the first water channel and the second water channel corresponding thereto into the water channel inside the bipolar plate 1, so that the original temperature-controlling liquid in the water channel flows into the other of the first water channel and the second water channel and is discharged from the other of the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12, thereby realizing the temperature control operation of the battery during operation, effectively improving the heating and cooling efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the entire system, and improving the system efficiency of the entire battery stack 100, so as to solve the problem of poor performance and durability of the membrane electrode 2 of the fuel cell in the prior art.

[0029] In this embodiment, positioning holes 14 are respectively provided on the bipolar plate 1, the membrane electrode 2, the current collecting plate 3 and the insulating plate 4 in the same straight line, and positioning shafts are passed through the multiple positioning holes 14 to accurately position the battery stack 100 when assembling the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20.

[0030] In this embodiment, connection holes 13 are respectively provided on the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 in the same straight line, and a high-strength locking bolt is passed through the connection holes 13 on the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 and fixed by bolts and nuts so that the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are relatively connected to clamp the battery stack 100.

[0031] In this embodiment, sealing grooves are provided on one side of an insulating plate 4 between the first end plate 10 and the current collecting plate 3, on one side of a current collecting plate 3 between the first end plate 10 and the bipolar plate 1, and on both sides of the bipolar plate 1, so that sealing gaskets can be inserted into the sealing grooves for sealing when the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are assembled.

[0032] Specifically, the first water channel 11 includes a plurality of first water holes 110 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and there are a plurality of first water channels, and the plurality of first water channels are respectively connected to the water channel flow channel inside the bipolar plate 1, and the plurality of first water holes 110 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water channels; the second water channel 12 includes a plurality of second water holes 120 arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, and there are a plurality of second water channels, and the plurality of second water channels are respectively connected to the water channel flow channel inside the bipolar plate 1, and the plurality of second water holes 120 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water channels. Such an arrangement can ensure that the temperature control liquid can be evenly distributed from the plurality of first water holes 110 or the plurality of second water holes 120 to various parts of the battery stack 100, avoiding local overheating or overcooling of the battery stack 100, thereby improving the overall performance and durability of the membrane electrode 2. Furthermore, the temperature control system can dynamically adjust the opening and closing states of the plurality of first water holes 110 and the plurality of second water holes 120 according to different operating conditions (such as current magnitude), thereby better adapting to the requirements of the fuel cell in different environments and applications.

[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to form the first water channel and the second water channel, the bipolar plate 1 is respectively provided with a plurality of first water channel holes 30 and a plurality of second water channel holes 40 connected to the water channel flow channel inside the bipolar plate 1, the plurality of first water channel holes 30 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water holes 110, and the plurality of second water channel holes 40 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water holes 120; the frame of the membrane electrode 2 is respectively provided with a plurality of third water channel holes 31 and a plurality of fourth water channel holes 41, the plurality of third water channel holes 31 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water channel holes 30, and the plurality of fourth water channel holes 41 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water channel holes 40; the two current collecting plates 3 A plurality of fifth water channel holes 32 and a plurality of sixth water channel holes 42 are respectively provided on a current collecting plate 3 located between the first end plate 10 and the membrane electrode 2, and the plurality of fifth water channel holes 32 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third water channel holes 31, and the plurality of sixth water channel holes 42 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fourth water channel holes 41; a plurality of seventh water channel holes 33 and a plurality of eighth water channel holes 43 are respectively provided on an insulating plate 4 located between the first end plate 10 and the current collecting plate 3 of the two insulating plates 4, and the plurality of seventh water channel holes 33 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fifth water channel holes 32, and the plurality of eighth water channel holes 43 are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sixth water channel holes 42.

[0034] In this way, the continuity and smoothness of the fluid from the first end plate 10 to the internal water channel of the bipolar plate 1 are ensured by setting the first water channel hole 30, the third water channel hole 31, the fifth water channel hole 32 and the seventh water channel hole 33 and the second water channel hole 40, the fourth water channel hole 41, the sixth water channel hole 42 and the eighth water channel hole 43, respectively, avoiding blockage or uneven distribution of the fluid during transmission and improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, it not only realizes the orderly flow of the fluid, but also ensures the structural strength and electrical isolation of the battery stack 100, and improves the overall reliability and safety. At the same time, the setting of multiple water channel holes allows the flow rate and path of the fluid to be adjusted according to actual needs, such as adjusting the intensity of cooling or heating during the operation of the battery stack 100, or performing a blow-drying operation when it stops running to prevent damage to the membrane electrode 2.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first water channel hole 30, the third water channel hole 31, the fifth water channel hole 32 and the seventh water channel hole 33 are connected in sequence to form a first water channel; the second water channel hole 40, the fourth water channel hole 41, the sixth water channel hole 42 and the eighth water channel hole 43 are connected in sequence to form a second water channel. Through the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12 combined with the coordinated work of the first water channel and the second water channel, the internal temperature of the fuel cell stack 100 can be accurately adjusted to ensure that the fuel cell stack 100 operates within the optimal temperature range, improve the overall performance and durability of the membrane electrode 2, thereby improving the performance of the fuel cell and extending its service life.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the first end plate 10 is provided with an anode ventilation inlet 51 and an anode ventilation outlet 52, the anode ventilation inlet 51 is arranged near the side of the first water passage 11, and the anode ventilation outlet 52 is arranged near the side of the second water passage 12, and the first end plate 10 and a bipolar plate 1 in the battery stack 100 far away from the first end plate 10 are respectively provided with a first anode gas path and a second anode gas path connected to the gas path flow channels on the two side surfaces of the bipolar plate 1, the first anode gas path is connected to the anode ventilation inlet 51, and the second anode gas path is connected to the anode ventilation outlet 52 ; A cathode ventilation inlet 53 and a cathode ventilation outlet 54 are respectively provided on the first end plate 10, the cathode ventilation inlet 53 is arranged near the other side of the first water passage 11, and the cathode ventilation outlet 54 is arranged near the other side of the second water passage 12, and a first cathode gas path and a second cathode gas path connected to the gas path flow channels on the two side surfaces of the bipolar plate 1 are respectively provided between the first end plate 10 and a bipolar plate 1 in the battery stack 100 away from the first end plate 10, the first cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation inlet 53, and the second cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation outlet 54.

[0037] In this way, hydrogen and oxygen can be evenly distributed on the membrane electrode 2 from one side of the battery stack 100, ensuring that each membrane electrode 2 can obtain sufficient hydrogen and oxygen supply, thereby improving the power generation efficiency and overall performance of the fuel cell. In addition, since the anode vent inlet 51 and the cathode vent inlet 53 are close to the first water channel 11, and the anode vent outlet 52 and the cathode vent outlet 54 are close to the second water channel 12. It is set so that the circulation of gas can be indirectly affected by controlling the water temperature of the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12. For example, when more reaction heat is needed, the temperature control liquid in the first water channel 11 can be heated to promote the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen. At the same time, the design can also better control the gas humidity on both sides of the membrane electrode 2, especially when running at high current, by controlling the water holes near the cathode vent inlet 53 and the cathode vent outlet 54, the humidity on the cathode side of the membrane electrode 2 can be kept consistent, thereby avoiding the performance degradation and durability problems of the membrane electrode 2 caused by uneven humidity.

[0038] In this embodiment, the external hydrogen pipeline is connected to the fixture via the anode gas path inlet, passes through the first anode gas path, flows into the gas path flow channel via the bipolar plate 1, and contacts the membrane electrode 2 in the gas path flow channel area between the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 2 package to react, and then flows out from the anode gas path outlet after passing through the second anode gas path. The external air pipeline is connected to the fixture via the cathode gas path inlet, passes through the first cathode gas path, flows into the gas path flow channel via the bipolar plate 1, and contacts the membrane electrode 2 in the gas path flow channel area between the bipolar plate 1 and the membrane electrode 2 package to react, and then flows out from the cathode gas path outlet after passing through the second cathode gas path.

[0039] Specifically, the bipolar plate 1, the frame of the membrane electrode 2, a current collector 3 located between the first end plate 10 and the bipolar plate 1, and an insulating plate 4 located between the first end plate 10 and the current collector 3 are provided with vent holes corresponding to the anode vent inlet 51, the anode vent outlet 52, the cathode vent inlet 53, and the cathode vent outlet 54, so that the bipolar plate 1, the frame of the membrane electrode 2, the current collector 3, and the insulating plate 4 are connected in sequence to form the first anode gas path, the second anode gas path, the first cathode gas path, and the second cathode gas path. In this way, by providing these vent holes and forming connected gas paths, it is possible to ensure that hydrogen and oxygen (or air) are evenly distributed to each membrane electrode 2 in the fuel cell stack 100, avoid local gas shortage or excess supply, and improve the electrochemical reaction efficiency and overall performance of the fuel cell. Furthermore, through the combination of each gas path with the first water channel and the second water channel, the humidity on both sides of the membrane electrode 2 can be controlled to prevent the membrane electrode 2 from being too dry or too wet, thereby affecting the water retention capacity and ion transmission efficiency of the proton exchange membrane. At the same time, through the interaction with the first water channel and the second water channel, the temperature of the battery stack 100 can be more effectively controlled to avoid overheating or overcooling, thereby extending the battery life.

[0040] In this embodiment, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are both made of high-strength alloy; the two insulating plates 4 are both made of insulating, high-temperature resistant and high-strength materials; the bipolar plate 1 is made of two graphite plates or other high-conductivity and corrosion-resistant materials bonded or welded together, and water channels and heat exchange plates are arranged on the inner side of the bonding layer, and gas channels formed by milling are arranged on the surfaces of both sides; the frame of the membrane electrode 2 is made of cutting insulating, heat-resistant and high-strength thin film material.

[0041] Another aspect of the technical solution applied to the present invention provides a fuel cell temperature control method, which is applicable to the fuel cell fixture mentioned above, and the fuel cell temperature control method includes: setting a target temperature value; obtaining a real-time temperature value inside the battery stack 100; judging the temperature between the target temperature value and the real-time temperature value, so as to judge whether to heat or dissipate the heat of the battery stack 100 according to the temperature. In this way, according to the temperature deviation, the temperature control liquid of different temperatures is automatically adjusted to the first water channel 11 or the second water channel 12, so as to achieve precise control of the internal temperature of the battery stack 100. This helps to keep the membrane electrode 2 running at the optimal operating temperature, improve its performance and durability, avoid the performance degradation and durability problems of the membrane electrode 2 caused by too much or too little water, thereby effectively improving the overall efficiency of the fuel cell and reducing energy loss, and also helps to reduce the maintenance requirements of the battery stack 100 and reduce operating costs.

[0042] Specifically, when the target temperature value is greater than the real-time temperature value, the external water circuit is controlled to pass high-temperature temperature control liquid into the first water channel 11, so that the low-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack 100 is discharged from the second water channel 12, so as to increase the temperature inside the battery stack 100; when the target temperature value is less than the real-time temperature value, the external water circuit is controlled to pass low-temperature temperature control liquid into the second water channel 12, so that the high-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack 100 is discharged from the first water channel 11, so as to reduce the temperature inside the battery stack 100. In the above arrangement, the external water circuit is equipped with a heater and a radiator, and the multiple first water holes 110 and the multiple second water holes 120 are all controlled by multiple reversing valves. According to the current working conditions and battery status requirements, the water can enter the fixture through any first water hole 110 / second water hole 120 or multiple first water holes 110 / second water holes 120, pass through one of the first water channel or the second water channel, flow into the water channel inside the bipolar plate 1, and then pass through the other of the first water channel and the second water channel, and then flow out of the fixture from any one or more water holes different from the water holes entered.

[0043] When the battery is cold started, the real-time temperature value inside the battery is lower than the target temperature value, and the battery needs to be heated by hot temperature control liquid. At this time, hot temperature control liquid is introduced through the first water channel 11, and cold temperature control liquid is discharged through the second water channel 12. Since the density of hot temperature control liquid is less than that of cold temperature control liquid, cold temperature control liquid will sink. At this time, the temperature control liquid enters from top to bottom and exits from bottom to bottom, which can effectively improve the heating efficiency, reduce the energy consumption of the temperature control system, and improve the efficiency of the entire battery stack system.

[0044] When the battery is running at high power, the battery generates a lot of heat, that is, the real-time temperature value inside the battery is higher than the target temperature value, and cold temperature control liquid is needed to dissipate heat for the battery. At this time, cold temperature control liquid is introduced through the second water channel 12, and the hot temperature control liquid is discharged through the first water channel 11. At this time, the cold temperature control liquid enters from the bottom and exits from the top, thereby effectively improving the cooling efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the temperature control system, and improving the efficiency of the entire battery stack system.

[0045] Specifically, the temperature control method also includes: obtaining the real-time current inside the battery stack 100; when the real-time current is greater than the preset current value, controlling the two first water holes 110 respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet 53 and the cathode ventilation outlet 54 to open, and closing the remaining first water holes 110; controlling the two second water holes 120 respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet 53 and the cathode ventilation outlet 54 to open, and closing the remaining second water holes 120; controlling the external water path to respectively introduce low-temperature temperature control liquid into a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 close to the cathode ventilation inlet 53, so that the low-temperature temperature control liquid is discharged from a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 close to the cathode ventilation outlet 54, so that the humidity on the cathode side of the membrane electrode 2 is consistent.

[0046] In this embodiment, there are four first water holes 110 and four second water holes 120. In this way, when the real-time current is greater than the preset current value, the more intense the reaction is, the more gas is consumed, the more water is generated, and the higher the humidity on the membrane electrode 2 is. At the same time, the generated water will flow with the air flow, resulting in a humidity gradient distributed along the air flow direction on the cathode side of the membrane electrode 2. The closer to the cathode gas path outlet, the higher the water content, and the greater the battery heat. Therefore, when the battery is running at a high current, the two first water holes 110 and the two second water holes 120 located in the middle can be closed, and cold temperature control liquid is input through a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode gas path inlet, and the temperature control liquid is discharged through a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode gas path outlet to take away excess moisture, thereby forming a temperature gradient along the air flow direction, the temperature near the cathode ventilation inlet 53 is lower, and the temperature near the cathode ventilation outlet 54 is higher, thereby increasing the humidity near the cathode ventilation inlet 53 and reducing the humidity near the cathode ventilation outlet 54, thereby improving the humidity consistency of the membrane electrode 2, avoiding electrode flooding caused by too much water, or electrode drying caused by too little water, and ensuring that the membrane electrode 2 works at the optimal humidity, thereby improving the overall performance and life of the membrane electrode 2, and improving the battery efficiency and life.

[0047] In this embodiment, conductive connectors are provided on both current collecting plates 3, and the conductive connectors are connected to the electronic load to control and monitor the working current meter voltage. The bipolar plate 1 can be connected to the inspection instrument by a wire (not shown in the figure) to achieve real-time monitoring of the voltage of each membrane electrode 2 to prevent the occurrence of abnormal low performance of a single piece.

[0048] Specifically, when the battery stack 100 stops running, the external water circuit is controlled to supply high-temperature temperature control liquid to a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode ventilation outlet 54, so that a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode ventilation inlet 53 discharge the low-temperature temperature control liquid inside the battery stack 100 to blow dry the moisture on the cathode side of the membrane electrode 2. In this way, when the battery stack 100 needs to be shut down, the battery generates less heat, and the temperature control liquid plays a heating role at this time, that is, the real-time temperature value inside the battery is lower than the target temperature value. Since the cathode ventilation outlet 54 on the cathode side of the membrane electrode 2 contains more water, it is necessary to blow out the excess water first. At this time, hot temperature control liquid can be introduced through a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode ventilation outlet 54, and cold temperature control liquid can be discharged through a first water hole 110 and a second water hole 120 near the cathode ventilation inlet 53, so that the high humidity area obtains a higher temperature, and then the membrane electrode 2 is quickly and evenly dried to avoid the dry and wet alternating zones in the membrane electrode 2, thereby improving the overall performance and life of the membrane electrode 2.

[0049] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

[0050] A fuel cell clamp is used to clamp on a battery stack 100, the battery stack 100 includes at least two bipolar plates 1, a membrane electrode 2 is provided between two adjacent bipolar plates 1, and current collecting plates 3 and insulating plates 4 are provided in sequence on both sides of at least two bipolar plates 1 that are relatively far away from each other. The fuel cell clamp includes: a first end plate 10 and a second end plate 20, which are respectively arranged on the side of the two insulating plates 4 away from the current collecting plates 3 and are connected to each other to clamp the battery stack 100, and a first water channel 11 and a second water channel 12 are respectively provided on the first end plate 10; a first water channel and a second water channel are respectively provided between the first end plate 10 and a bipolar plate 1 in the battery stack 100 away from the first end plate 10, and two ends of the first water channel are respectively connected to the first water channel 11 and the water channel flow inside the bipolar plate 1, and two ends of the second water channel are respectively connected to the second water channel 12 and the water flow inside the bipolar plate 1; wherein, in the vertical direction, the first water channel 11 is located above the second water channel 12. In this way, during specific use, the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20 are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery stack 100 to clamp the battery stack 100. When the battery operating temperature is lower than the optimal operating temperature or the battery generates a large amount of heat, a temperature control liquid is introduced into a corresponding one of the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12, so that the temperature control liquid flows from one of the corresponding first water channel and the second water channel into the water channel inside the bipolar plate 1, so that the original temperature control liquid in the water channel flows into the other of the first water channel and the second water channel and is discharged from the other of the first water channel 11 and the second water channel 12, thereby realizing the temperature control operation of the battery during operation, effectively improving the heating and cooling efficiency, reducing the energy consumption of the entire system, and improving the efficiency of the entire battery stack 100 system, so as to solve the problem of poor performance and durability of the membrane electrode 2 of the fuel cell in the prior art.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0052] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps described in these embodiments, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The technology, method and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant field may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, method and equipment should be regarded as a part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once a certain item is defined in an accompanying drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0054] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0055] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell clamp, used for clamping on a battery stack (100), wherein the battery stack (100) comprises at least two bipolar plates (1), a membrane electrode (2) is arranged between two adjacent bipolar plates (1), and current collecting plates (3) and insulating plates (4) are arranged in sequence on two relatively distant sides of the at least two bipolar plates (1), characterized in that: The fuel cell fixture comprises: A first end plate (10) and a second end plate (20), respectively arranged on one side of the two insulating plates (4) away from the current collecting plate (3) and connected to each other so as to clamp the battery stack (100), and the first end plate (10) is respectively provided with a first water passage (11) and a second water passage (12); A first water channel and a second water channel are respectively provided between the first end plate (10) and a bipolar plate (1) in the battery stack (100) far away from the first end plate (10), the two ends of the first water channel are respectively in communication with the first water channel (11) and the water channel inside the bipolar plate (1), and the two ends of the second water channel are respectively in communication with the second water channel (12) and the water channel inside the bipolar plate (1); Wherein, along the vertical direction, the first water passage (11) is located above the second water passage (12).

2. The fuel cell fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water passage (11) comprises a plurality of first water holes (110) arranged at intervals in a horizontal direction, the first water passage is multiple, the multiple first water passages are respectively connected to the water flow channels inside the bipolar plate (1), and the multiple first water holes (110) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple first water passages; The second water passage (12) comprises a plurality of second water holes (120) arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction, the second water passage is multiple, the multiple second water passages are respectively connected to the water flow channels inside the bipolar plate (1), and the multiple second water holes (120) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the multiple second water passages.

3. The fuel cell fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bipolar plate (1) is provided with a plurality of first water channel holes (30) and a plurality of second water channel holes (40) respectively connected to the water channel flow channel therein, the plurality of first water channel holes (30) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water through holes (110), and the plurality of second water channel holes (40) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water through holes (120); A plurality of third water channel holes (31) and a plurality of fourth water channel holes (41) are respectively provided on the frame of the membrane electrode (2); the plurality of third water channel holes (31) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of first water channel holes (30); and the plurality of fourth water channel holes (41) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second water channel holes (40); A plurality of fifth water channel holes (32) and a plurality of sixth water channel holes (42) are respectively provided on one of the two current collecting plates (3) located between the first end plate (10) and the membrane electrode (2); the plurality of fifth water channel holes (32) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of third water channel holes (31); and the plurality of sixth water channel holes (42) are respectively arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fourth water channel holes (41); One of the two insulating plates (4) located between the first end plate (10) and the current collecting plate (3) is provided with a plurality of seventh water channel holes (33) and a plurality of eighth water channel holes (43), the plurality of seventh water channel holes (33) being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of fifth water channel holes (32), and the plurality of eighth water channel holes (43) being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sixth water channel holes (42).

4. The fuel cell fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first water channel hole (30), the third water channel hole (31), the fifth water channel hole (32) and the seventh water channel hole (33) are connected in sequence to form the first water channel; and / or, The second water channel hole (40), the fourth water channel hole (41), the sixth water channel hole (42) and the eighth water channel hole (43) are connected in sequence to form the second water channel.

5. The fuel cell fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anode vent inlet (51) and an anode vent outlet (52) are respectively provided on the first end plate (10), the anode vent inlet (51) being arranged close to one side of the first water passage, and the anode vent outlet (52) being arranged close to one side of the second water passage, and a first anode gas path and a second anode gas path being connected to gas passages on two side surfaces of the bipolar plate (1) are respectively provided between the first end plate (10) and a bipolar plate (1) in the battery stack (100) far away from the first end plate (10), the first anode gas path being connected to the anode vent inlet (51), and the second anode gas path being connected to the anode vent outlet (52); A cathode ventilation inlet (53) and a cathode ventilation outlet (54) are respectively provided on the first end plate (10); the cathode ventilation inlet (53) is arranged close to the other side of the first water passage, and the cathode ventilation outlet (54) is arranged close to the other side of the second water passage; a first cathode gas path and a second cathode gas path connected to gas flow channels on two side surfaces of the bipolar plate (1) are respectively provided between the first end plate (10) and a bipolar plate (1) in the battery stack (100) far away from the first end plate (10); the first cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation inlet (53), and the second cathode gas path is connected to the cathode ventilation outlet (54).

6. The fuel cell fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bipolar plate (1), the frame of the membrane electrode (2), a current collecting plate (3) located between the first end plate (10) and the bipolar plate (1), and an insulating plate (4) located between the first end plate (10) and the current collecting plate (3) are provided with ventilation holes corresponding to the anode ventilation inlet (51), the anode ventilation outlet (52), the cathode ventilation inlet (53), and the cathode ventilation outlet (54), so that the ventilation holes on the bipolar plate (1), the frame of the membrane electrode (2), the current collecting plate (3), and the insulating plate (4) are connected in sequence to form the first anode gas path, the second anode gas path, the first cathode gas path, and the second cathode gas path, respectively.

7. A fuel cell temperature control method, applicable to the fuel cell fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The fuel cell temperature control method comprises: Set the target temperature value; Obtaining a real-time temperature value inside the battery stack (100); The temperature magnitude between the target temperature value and the real-time temperature value is determined, so as to determine whether to heat or dissipate the heat of the battery stack (100) according to the temperature magnitude.

8. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of determining, according to the temperature difference, whether to heat or dissipate heat for the battery stack (100) comprises: When the target temperature value is greater than the real-time temperature value, the external water channel is controlled to pass a high-temperature temperature-controlling liquid into the first water-passing channel (11), so that the low-temperature temperature-controlling liquid inside the battery stack (100) is discharged from the second water-passing channel (12), so as to increase the temperature inside the battery stack (100); and / or, When the target temperature value is less than the real-time temperature value, the external water channel is controlled to pass low-temperature temperature-control liquid into the second water passage (12), so that the high-temperature temperature-control liquid inside the battery stack (100) is discharged from the first water passage (11), thereby reducing the temperature inside the battery stack (100).

9. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature control method also includes: Acquiring real-time current inside the battery stack (100); When the real-time current is greater than a preset current value, two first water holes (110) respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet (53) and the cathode ventilation outlet (54) are controlled to open, and the remaining first water holes (110) are closed; two second water holes (120) respectively close to the cathode ventilation inlet (53) and the cathode ventilation outlet (54) are controlled to open, and the remaining second water holes (120) are closed; The external water circuit is controlled to respectively introduce a low-temperature temperature-control liquid into one of the first water holes (110) and one of the second water holes (120) close to the cathode ventilation inlet (53), so that the low-temperature temperature-control liquid is discharged from one of the first water holes (110) and one of the second water holes (120) close to the cathode ventilation outlet (54), so that the humidity on the cathode side of the membrane electrode (2) is consistent.

10. The fuel cell temperature control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature control method also includes: When the battery stack (100) stops running, the external water circuit is controlled to respectively pass high-temperature temperature-control liquid into one of the first water holes (110) and one of the second water holes (120) close to the cathode ventilation outlet (54), so that one of the first water holes (110) and one of the second water holes (120) close to the cathode ventilation inlet (53) discharge low-temperature temperature-control liquid inside the battery stack (100), thereby drying the moisture on the cathode side of the membrane electrode (2).

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