Traveling wave parametric amplifier device for quantum computer

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a TWPA device (1) for a quantum computer, the TWPA device (1) having a dual-band dispersion relationship and being configured to implement 3-wave mixing. A TWPA device (1) includes chain unit cells # imgabs 0 #, each chain unit cell # imgabs 1 # including a non-linear inductive element (5) and a capacitor (6) connected to a ground (7) of the chain unit cell # imgabs 2 #. The unit cell # imgabs3 # further comprises one of a resonator circuit (8) and a periodically modulated input parameter. The double-band dispersion relation is composed of a lower frequency band and an upper frequency band, and a frequency interval exists between the lower frequency band and the upper frequency band. Further, the TWPA device (1) is configured to receive the amplified signal at the input (2), receive the pump signal. The pump signal has a frequency within the upper frequency band and at least 2 / 3 of a cutoff frequency of the TWPA device (1), or the pump signal has a frequency within the lower frequency band, where a second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a traveling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) device for a quantum computer. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a method for amplifying an amplified signal. Background Art

[0002] Typically, amplifiers are used to convert a signal with a small power into a signal with a larger power. A specific type of amplifier known as a traveling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) is used in many applications, such as for satellite communications, radio astronomy, and qubit readout in quantum computers. TWPAs offer the benefit of amplifying a wide band of signal frequencies with little added noise, which achieves an improved signal-to-noise ratio for many signal frequencies. For conventional parametric amplifiers, a large microwave signal, usually called a pump light, changes some parameter of the system, which then provides the energy for amplification.

[0003] TWPAs have a sharp cutoff frequency determined by the inductance and capacitance of the unit cell. In addition, TWPAs usually include a large number of unit cells connected in series. Different TWPAs can utilize 3-wave mixing that relies on first-order nonlinearity or 4-wave mixing that utilizes second-order nonlinearity. 3-wave mixing offers the following advantages: It requires a smaller pump amplitude than 4-wave mixing, which in principle allows 3-wave mixing to have a larger dynamic.

[0004] For a TWPA utilizing 3-wave mixing, there are two effects that can be reduced: gain-phase mismatch and up-conversion. However, a challenge in the art is to provide a TWPA utilizing 3-wave mixing while minimizing both up-conversion and phase mismatch.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need in the art for a TWPA that utilizes 3-wave mixing to simultaneously remove or at least mitigate phase mismatch and upconversion. More specifically, there is a need for a 3-wave mixing based TWPA that minimizes phase mismatch and upconversion to achieve high gain.

[0006] While some currently known solutions work well in some cases, it is desirable to provide an improved TWPA utilizing 3-wave mixing that meets the requirements associated with high gain while minimizing phase mismatch and up-conversion. Summary of the invention

[0007] It is therefore an object of the present disclosure to provide a TWPA device that mitigates, alleviates or eliminates the drawbacks and disadvantages of currently known solutions.

[0008] This object is achieved by means of a TWPA device and method as defined in the appended claims.

[0009] The present disclosure is based at least in part on the insight that a TWPA device according to the present disclosure will minimize phase mismatch and up-conversion, thus providing high gain.Therefore, a TWPA device is provided that performs with improved reliability.

[0010] The present disclosure relates to a traveling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) device for a quantum computer based on superconducting qubits, wherein the TWPA has a dual-band dispersion relation and is configured to implement 3-wave mixing with the dual-band dispersion relation. The TWPA device includes a plurality of chained unit cells, each unit cell including a nonlinear inductive element and a capacitor connected to ground of the unit cell, wherein the chained unit cell further includes one of the following:

[0011] - (i) a resonator circuit arranged in each of the plurality of unit cells, and

[0012] -(ii) Input parameters of periodic modulation.

[0013] Furthermore, the dual-band dispersion relation consists of / includes: a lower frequency band and an upper frequency band, wherein the upper frequency band has a frequency interval between the lower frequency band. Furthermore, the TWPA device is configured to: receive an amplified signal for amplification at an input of the TWPA, and receive a pump signal for providing energy to the amplified signal at the input. The pump signal has a frequency within the upper frequency band and is at least 2 / 3 of a cutoff frequency of the TWPA device, or the pump signal has a frequency within the lower frequency band, wherein a second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval.

[0014] An advantage of the TWPA device of the present disclosure is that the TWPA device provides a high gain that can be exponential. In other words, the TWPA based on 3-wave mixing has a high gain that grows exponentially with the length of the TWPA. In other words, the TWPA device of the present disclosure simultaneously minimizes phase mismatch and up-conversion to achieve high gain.

[0015] The TWPA device may also be configured to generate an idler signal, wherein the 3-wave mixing is achieved by configuring the TWPA device to satisfy the following conditions: s <ω p and ω i =ω p -ω s , where ω s is the frequency of the amplified signal, ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω i is the frequency of the idler signal.

[0016] Therefore, such a configuration of the TWPA device may allow 3-wave mixing to be effectively implemented.

[0017] The nonlinear inductive element may be a single Josephson junction or a combination of at least two (i.e., multiple) Josephson junctions. Each Josephson junction may include a pair of superconducting elements coupled by a superconducting element, the pair of superconducting elements having a less conductive region / barrier than the superconducting element. In other aspects, the nonlinear inductive element may be a kinetic inductive element.

[0018] An advantage of using a Josephson junction as the nonlinear inductive element is that the TWPA device will be a superconducting TWPA device which allows for minimized dissipation.

[0019] The resonator circuit may be an LC oscillator. An LC oscillator may include an inductor element and a capacitor element connected. An LC oscillator allows the original frequency band to be split into two frequency bands (i.e., an upper frequency band and a lower frequency band). In other aspects, the resonator circuit may be a transmission line resonator, a quarter wavelength resonator, or any other suitable type of resonator circuit.

[0020] The input parameter may be at least one of capacitance and inductance.

[0021] Furthermore, the TWPA device is configured to receive an amplified signal having a frequency within said lower frequency band. Thus, the pump signal will be within the upper frequency band, so that any up-conversion within a certain band will be prevented.

[0022] Additionally, TWPA devices can be configured to meet / comply with the following standards:

[0023] ω p +ω s >ω c and

[0024] 2ω p -ω s >ω c

[0025] Among them, ω s is the frequency of the amplified signal, ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω c is the cut-off frequency.

[0026] TWPA devices that meet the above criteria will prevent upconversion.

[0027] Furthermore, when each cell includes a resonator circuit in each of the plurality of unit cells (ie, according to (i)), the dual-band dispersion relation may be defined by the following equation:

[0028]

[0029] And wherein, when the plurality of unit cells comprise periodically modulated input parameters (ie, according to (ii)), the dispersion relation may be defined by the following equation:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, ω + represents the upper frequency band, ω - represents the lower frequency band, wherein κ represents the wave value multiplied by the unit cell length in the range of 0 to π, wherein ω0 represents the resonant frequency of the TWPA, wherein ω r represents the resonant frequency of the resonator circuit, wherein v represents a coupling factor < 1. Furthermore, each unit cell comprises a first sub-cell and a second sub-cell, wherein ω1 represents the resonant frequency of each first sub-cell, and wherein ω2 represents the resonant frequency of each second sub-cell.

[0032] The dual-band dispersion relation according to the above provides the advantage of allowing the pump frequency to be configured close to / associated with the cut-off frequency while maintaining phase matching.

[0033] The periodic modulation of the plurality of unit cells comprises a different modulation of at least every other unit cell of the plurality of unit cells in the chain of unit cells. In other words, the chain of unit cells may extend along a row, and each other unit cell thereof along the row may have a different input parameter compared to the remaining unit cells along the row. In some aspects of the present disclosure, every third unit cell, every third unit cell, every fourth unit cell may have a different modulation. In some aspects, sub-units of a unit cell may have different input parameters.

[0034] The benefit of this is that a dual-band structure can be obtained without significant hardware loss.

[0035] In addition, TWPA devices can be configured to comply with / satisfy ω p >2ω c / 3 standard, where ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω c is the cut-off frequency.

[0036] Such a configuration has the advantage of suppressing up-conversion for multiple signal frequencies while keeping the phase mismatch small.

[0037] It should be noted that even if not explicitly mentioned, the features of this document can be combined in any manner. For example, any variation of the pump signal (i.e., a pump signal having a frequency within the upper frequency band and at least 2 / 3 of the cutoff frequency of the TWPA device, and a pump signal having a frequency within the lower frequency band, wherein the second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval) can be combined with any chained unit cell circuit system (i.e., a periodically modulated input parameter and a resonator circuit arranged in each of the plurality of unit cells).

[0038] A method for amplifying an amplified signal to achieve exponential spatial growth of the amplitude of the amplified signal is also provided. The method comprises the following steps:

[0039] -Providing a TWPA device according to any aspect of the present invention.

[0040] - Implement 3-wave mixing in the TWPA device.

[0041] - receiving an amplified signal for amplification at an input of said TWPA device.

[0042] - receiving at the input a pump signal for providing energy to the amplified signal.

[0043] - outputting the amplified amplified signal from an output terminal of the TWPA device.

[0044] Therefore, this approach provides a highly efficient TWPA device that allows exponential gain to be achieved by minimizing up-conversion and phase mismatch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In the following, the present disclosure will be described in a non-limiting manner and in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0046] Figure 1 An objective view of a TWPA device according to aspects of the present disclosure is shown;

[0047] Figure 2A An objective view of a TWPA device with an enlarged portion A of circuitry according to various aspects of the present disclosure is shown;

[0048] Figure 2B An objective view of a TWPA device with an enlarged portion B of a circuit system schematic diagram according to various aspects of the present disclosure is shown;

[0049] Figure 3 Schematically illustrating aspects of a nonlinear inductive element according to aspects of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 4graphically illustrating regions of absence / presence of up-conversion of pump, amplified and idler signals;

[0051] Figure 5 shows a graph illustrating the dispersion relation of a TWPA device having a resonator circuit in each unit cell;

[0052] Figure 6 shows the dispersion relation of a TWPA device including periodically modulated input parameters;

[0053] Fig. 7A shows a graph illustrating a gain coefficient of an amplified signal with zero detuning of a TWPA device according to aspects of the present disclosure;

[0054] Figure 7B shows a gain coefficient of a TWPA device according to detuning in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure; and

[0055] Figure 8 A method for amplifying an amplification signal is schematically shown in the form of a flow chart. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In the detailed description below, some embodiments of the present disclosure will be described. However, it should be understood that the features of different embodiments can be exchanged between embodiments and can be combined in different ways, unless otherwise specifically indicated. Although in the following description, many specific details are set forth to provide a more thorough understanding of the disclosure provided, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the embodiments in the present disclosure can be implemented without these details. In other cases, known structures or functions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure.

[0057] In the following description of example embodiments, the same reference numerals refer to the same or similar components.

[0058] Figure 1 An objective view of a TWPA device 1 for a quantum computer is shown. The TWPA device 1 can be used for qubit readout, for example. Figure 1The TWPA device shown in the figure includes an input terminal 2, an output terminal 3 and a transmission line 4 between the input terminal 2 and the output terminal 3. The TWPA device 1 is configured to receive a pump signal in the input terminal 2 and an amplified signal propagating along the transmission line to the output terminal 3, where the amplified signal is amplified. The term "TWPA device" refers to an amplifier device that utilizes an amplification principle based on the nonlinear interaction between an amplified signal and a strong co-propagating wave (pump signal), which amplifier device causes a spatial growth of the signal amplitude under phase matching conditions. In the case of quantum, TWPA is able to produce signal compression and photon entanglement. The term "pump signal" refers to an AC signal that supplies the energy required to amplify the amplified signal. In addition, the output terminal 3 of the TWPA device 1 can output the pump signal, the amplifier amplified signal and the idler signal. The term "idler signal" refers to a signal with a frequency equal to the difference between the pump signal frequency and the amplified signal frequency.

[0059] The TWPA device 1 according to the present disclosure includes a dual-band dispersion relation and is configured to implement 3-wave mixing with the dual-band dispersion relation.

[0060] FIG. 2A to FIG. 2B The enlarged portion A and the enlarged portion B of the transmission line 4 show that the TWPA device 1 includes a plurality of chained unit cells. Each unit cell The nonlinear inductor element 5 and the unit cell connected to the The term "chain" refers to the unit cell are connected to extend along the length L1 of the TWPA device. In addition, the chain unit cells Also include one of the following:

[0061] - (i) arranged in the plurality of unit cells The resonator circuit 8 in each of the

[0062] -(ii) Input parameters of periodic modulation

[0063] Figure 2A The chained unit cell is shown in the enlarged portion A depicting an enlarged view of a portion of the transmission line 4. The resonator circuit 8 is included. The resonator circuit 8 may be as follows Figure 2A The LC oscillator shown in .

[0064] Figure 2B The chained unit cell is shown in the enlarged portion B depicting an enlarged view of a portion of the transmission line 4. An input parameter with periodic modulation. The input parameter may be at least one of capacitance and inductance. Thus, Figure 2BAs shown in the enlarged portion B, each unit cell It consists of two sub-units and Therefore, in each subunit and The nonlinear inductor element 5 in can have different inductances. Therefore, each other sub-unit in each unit cell and can have different input parameters. In some aspects, the plurality of unit cells The periodic modulation consists in the unit cell The plurality of unit cells in the chain At least every other unit cell of different modulations.

[0065] In addition, the dual-band dispersion relation of the TWPA device 1 consists of a lower frequency band and an upper frequency band, and there is a frequency interval between the upper frequency band and the lower frequency band. The TWPA device 1 is also configured to receive an amplified signal for amplification at an output terminal 2 of the TWPA device 1, and receive a pump signal for providing energy to the amplified signal at the output terminal 2. The pump signal has a frequency within the upper frequency band and is at least 2 / 3 of the cutoff frequency of the TWPA device 1, or the pump signal has a frequency within the lower frequency band, wherein its second harmonic is within the frequency interval.

[0066] The phrase "achieving 3-wave mixing" may refer to the TWPA device 1 using the lowest order, cubic, nonlinearity of the inductive energy (e.g., similar to the X-ray diffraction in an optical crystal). (2) Nonlinearity). Such nonlinearity is associated with broken time-reversal symmetry, which can be introduced by applying a dc current bias or a flux bias. Thus, an amplification of the amplified signal occurs due to the down-conversion process, which can provide efficient amplification over a large bandwidth in a weakly dispersive medium already at relatively small pump intensities of the pump signal. Figure 1 A to Figure 1 The 3-wave mixing of the TWPA device shown in B can be achieved by configuring the TWPA device to satisfy the following conditions: s <ω p And ω i =ω p -ω s , where ω s is the frequency of the amplified signal, ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω i is the frequency of the idler signal.

[0067] The nonlinear inductor element 5 may be a single Josephson junction or a combination of at least two Josephson junctions.

[0068] Figure 3 The nonlinear inductive element 5 schematically shown in the TWPA device 1 according to the present disclosure may be a Josephson junction 5a, a current biased junction, a flux biased rf-SQUID or a flux biased SNAIL. In the case where the nonlinear inductive element is a Josephson junction, the nonlinear inductive element may be biased by a dc current, which induces a constant shift in the phase difference across each unit cell. In addition, in the case where the nonlinear inductive element is an rf-SQUID or a flux biased snail, the nonlinear inductive element 5 may be biased by a dc magnetic field, which induces a constant shift in the phase difference across each unit cell. This causes a constant shift in the phase difference.

[0069] Figure 4 Shown are graphs illustrating simulations of the performance of a TWAP device as disclosed herein for different frequencies of the amplification signal and the pump signal. Figures 5 to 7B A simulation of the dispersion relation of a dual-band structure according to aspects herein is shown. Figures 4 to 7B The purpose of the simulation shown in is to further describe the disclosure and its advantages as proposed herein. It should be noted that the simulation is based on various aspects of the disclosed purpose, however, it is not limited to the aspects and can be varied within the present disclosure.

[0070] Figure 4 The regions where upconversion of the pump signal, the amplified signal and the idler signal does not exist / exists are shown. In the region r1, no upconversion occurs, and the horizontal dashed line r2 indicates Ω th ; In regions r3 and r4 (which are bounded by everything between r1 and r5), upconversion of either the amplified signal or the idler is possible. In region r5, both the amplified signal and the idler are upconverted, but not the pump signal. Region 6, r6 shows the region where upconversion of all three signals occurs. Thus, for the pump signal, the condition ω p >ω0 (ω0 represents the resonant frequency of the TWPA device 1) to ensure that the second harmonic of the pump signal drops to a value higher than the cutoff frequency ω c =2ω0. For signal / idler, the lower limit is established by the condition that the upconverted signal at zero detuning drops above the cutoff, ω p +ω p / 2>2ω0. This produces a tighter constraint, ω p >Ω th =4ω0 / 3. At the pumping frequency of the pump signal greater than the threshold, the detuned signal and the idler are not up-converted within the band defined by the following equation:

[0071]

[0072] in

[0073]

[0074] therefore, Figure 4 It was verified that by adjusting the pump signal so that the frequency is within the upper frequency band and is at least 2 / 3 of the cutoff frequency of the TWPA device 1, no up-conversion will occur.

[0075] Figure 5 shows the unit cell in each A TWPA device 1 having a resonator circuit 8 (such as Figure 2A ). Therefore, Figure 5 The dual-band dispersion relation of the TWPA device 1 is shown, and the dual-band dispersion relation consists of / includes: a lower frequency band f1 and an upper frequency band f2, with a frequency interval between the upper frequency band f1 and the lower frequency band f2. The dotted line 1 (Line 1) shows the dispersion relation without adding a resonant circuit, and the circles c0, c0' show the sweet spot of both the pump signal and the amplified signal, at which the pump signal and the amplified signal are perfectly phase-matched and no up-conversion is possible. In addition, the dispersion relation exhibits the frequency interval at the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit 8. As described above, the circles c0, c0' indicate the position of the phase matching point on the straight line 2 (line 2) in the region without up-conversion. This ensures that the phase mismatch is zero for an amplified signal with a frequency of half the pump frequency, and the phase mismatch is small for other amplified signal frequencies. Therefore, according to Figure 5 In some aspects of the present disclosure, the optimal point of preventing up-conversion while providing exponential gain requires that the pump frequency of the pump signal be within the upper frequency band f2 (preferably at c0'), and the signal frequency of the amplified signal be within the lower frequency band f1 (preferably at c0). Therefore, the TWPA device 1 can be configured to comply with ω p >2ω c / 3, where ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω c is the cut-off frequency.

[0076] However, as described herein, in some aspects, the pump frequency of the pump signal can be within the lower frequency band f1, wherein the second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval.

[0077] When each unit The plurality of unit cells are included In each of the resonator circuits 8, as Figure 5The dual-band dispersion relation shown in can be defined in various aspects as:

[0078]

[0079] In addition, when the plurality of unit cells When including the input parameter of periodic modulation, the dispersion relation can be defined by the following equation:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, ω + represents the upper frequency band, ω - represents the lower frequency band, wherein κ represents the wave value multiplied by the unit cell length in the range of 0 to π, wherein ω0 represents the resonant frequency of the TWPA, wherein ω r represents the resonant frequency of the resonator circuit, wherein v represents a coupling factor <1, ​​wherein each unit cell includes a first subunit and a second subunit, wherein ω1 represents each first subunit The resonant frequency of each second subunit The resonant frequency (see Figure 2B ). The term coupling factor may refer to the electrical coupling between the resonator circuit and the unit cell of the TWPA device 1 .

[0082] The coupling factor is given by the following equation:

[0083]

[0084] Wherein, a coupling v=1 corresponds to a completely disconnected resonator circuit (e.g., an LC oscillator), while a smaller value v<1 corresponds to a connected resonator circuit, e.g., an LC oscillator. c is the capacitance of the capacitor connected in series with the resonator circuit, C osc is the capacitance of the capacitor of the resonator circuit, and C is the capacitance of the capacitor connected to ground. See e.g. Figure 2A .

[0085] Figure 6The dispersion relation of a TWPA device including periodically modulated input parameters is shown, where ω2=1.25ω1; including bands f01 and f02 separated by a gap. Line 4 indicates the dispersion relation when there is no modulation, and circles c00, c00' indicate the positions of phase matching points in the frequency region without up-conversion (which together form line 5). This ensures that for an amplified signal with a frequency of half the pump frequency, the phase mismatch is zero, and for other amplified signal frequencies, the phase mismatch is small. The positions of the pump signal and the amplified signal at the time of degeneracy are indicated by circles, c00 shows the amplified signal, and c00' shows the pump signal. The gain in this setup is qualitatively similar to that of the TWPA device 1 with a resonant circuit 8 (as shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 5 ), which provides exponential gain.

[0086] In an aspect of the present disclosure, wherein the pump signal has a frequency within the lower frequency band, wherein the second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval. The pump signal may, for example, be placed such that Figure 6 In the figure of , wp is 1.5 / 2. Therefore, the up-converted pump frequency will be within the interval (between f01 and f02), thereby preventing up-conversion.

[0087] Fig. 7A The gain coefficients of the TWPA device 1 according to aspects of the present disclosure are shown for a device with ω r =1.5, ω0, ν=0.95, ε1=0.06, the gain factor is similar to the case without an oscillator when the pump is placed in the lower band ( Fig. 7A In some aspects, when the pump is at the optimal point ω p When =1.77ω0 is placed in the upper band, a sharp high-amplification peak appears. The peak width is 0.048ω0.

[0088] Figure 7B The gain coefficient of the TWPA device 1 according to various aspects of the present disclosure according to the detuning is shown, where for the best phase matching point ω p =1.77ω0 and the pump signal with pump intensity ε2=0.06, ω r =1.5, ν = 0.95. The corresponding bandwidth is ω s -ω p / 2=0.23ω p .according to Figure 7B According to the disclosure, given a pump strength of ε1=0.06, the amplified signal may have a frequency in the range of 4.6 GHz to 7.4 GHz, preferably 6 GHz. The pump signal may then have a frequency of about 12 GHz (ωp =2ω s ). Therefore, if the pump frequency is about 12 GHz and the amplified signal is about 6 GHz, the cutoff frequency can be about 14 GHz to provide exponential gain according to various aspects of the present disclosure. However, it should be noted that the above is for disclosure purposes only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0089] therefore, Figures 7A to 7B It is shown that the present disclosure allows for a purely exponential increase in the amplified signal of the TWPA device 1 herein, with minimal additive noise over a wide bandwidth.

[0090] Figure 8 A method 100 for amplifying an amplified signal to achieve exponential spatial growth of the amplitude of the amplified signal is schematically shown in the form of a flow chart. The method 100 comprises:

[0091] - providing 101 a TWPA device 1 according to any aspect of the present invention (e.g., Figures 1 to 2B );

[0092] - Implementing 1023 wave mixing in the TWPA device 1;

[0093] - receiving 103 an amplified signal for amplification at an input 2 of the TWPA device;

[0094] - receiving 104 at the input 2 a pump signal for providing energy to the amplified signal;

[0095] - Outputting 105 the amplified amplified signal from an output terminal of said TWPA device 1 .

Claims

1. A traveling wave parametric amplifier (TWPA) device (1) for a quantum computer, wherein: The TWPA has a dual-band dispersion relation, wherein the TWPA device (1) is configured to implement three-wave mixing with the dual-band dispersion relation, and the TWPA device (1) comprises: Multiple chain unit cells Each unit cell The nonlinear inductor element (5) is connected to the unit cell. A capacitor (6) of ground (7), wherein the chain unit cell Also include one of the following: - arranged in the plurality of unit cells a resonator circuit (8) in each of - Input parameters of periodic modulation; Wherein, the dual-band dispersion relation includes a lower frequency band and an upper frequency band, and there is a frequency interval between the upper frequency band and the lower frequency band; The TWPA device (1) is further configured to: Receiving an amplified signal for amplification at an input terminal (2) of the TWPA device (1); Receiving a pump signal at the input end (2) for providing energy to the amplified signal; The pump signal has a frequency within the upper frequency band and at least 2 / 3 of a cut-off frequency of the TWPA device (1), or; The pump signal has a frequency within the lower frequency band, wherein a second harmonic of the pump signal is within the frequency interval.

2. The TWPA device according to claim 1, further configured to generate an idler signal, wherein: The 3-wave mixing is achieved by configuring the TWPA device to meet the following conditions: s <ω p And ω i =ω p -ω s , where ω s is the frequency of the amplified signal, ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω i is the frequency of the idler signal.

3. A TWPA device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The nonlinear inductor element (5) is a single Josephson junction or a combination of at least two Josephson junctions.

4. A TWPA device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The resonator circuit (8) is an LC oscillator.

5. A TWPA device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The input parameter is at least one of capacitance and inductance.

6. A TWPA device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The TWPA device (1) is configured to receive an amplified signal having a frequency within the lower frequency band.

7. A TWPA device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: When each unit The plurality of unit cells included in When each of the resonator circuits (8) is used, the dual-band dispersion relation is defined by the following equation: And wherein, when the plurality of unit cells When including the input parameter of periodic modulation, the dispersion relation is defined by the following equation: Among them, ω + represents the upper frequency band, ω - represents the lower frequency band, wherein κ represents the wave value multiplied by the unit cell length in the range of 0 to π, wherein ω0 represents the resonant frequency of the TWPA, wherein ω r represents the resonant frequency of the resonator circuit, wherein v represents a coupling factor <1, ​​wherein each unit cell includes a first subunit and a second subunit, wherein ω1 represents each first subunit The resonant frequency of each second subunit The resonant frequency.

8. The TWPA device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The plurality of unit cells The periodic modulation consists in the unit cell The plurality of unit cells in the chain At least every other unit cell in different modulations.

9. The TWPA device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: The TWPA device (1) is configured to comply with the following standards: p +ω s >ω c And 2*ω p -ω s >ω c , where ω s is the frequency of the amplified signal, ω p is the frequency of the pump signal, and ω c is the cut-off frequency.

10. A method (100) for amplifying an amplified signal to achieve an exponential spatial growth of the amplitude of the amplified signal, the method comprising: - providing (101) a TWPA device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; - implementing (102) 3-wave mixing in the TWPA device (1); - receiving (103) an amplified signal for amplification at an input (2) of the TWPA device; - receiving (104) at the input terminal (2) a pump signal for providing energy to the amplified signal; - Outputting (105) the amplified amplified signal from the output terminal of the TWPA device (1).

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