Single-head feeding method for heortia vitessoides

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-head breeding method of oryza vitessoides. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting and disinfecting eggs; (2) hatching eggs; (3) larva feeding: after larva incubation, each larva is independently transferred into a larva feeding cup, and a filter paper block dripped with sterile water is placed in the larva feeding cup; the method comprises the following steps: taking fresh picked artocarpus plant tender leaves as foodstuff, and feeding the larvae until the larvae are mature and enter a pupal stage; (4) feeding mature larvae: when the larvae are about to pupa, putting foodstuff and filter paper as media for self-made pupa chambers, dropwise adding sterile water into the filter paper for moisturizing, and after the mature larvae are completely pupated, removing the foodstuff; (5) treating pupae; (6) adult feeding and egg laying: after eclosion of the adults, pairing and transferring the adults into an adult feeding and egg laying cup, and returning to the step (1). By adopting the breeding method disclosed by the invention, the heortia vitessoides population which is normal in growth and development and relatively high in survival rate, pupation rate and eclosion rate can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant protection and insect breeding, and in particular to a single-head breeding method for yellow-winged silk moth. Background Art

[0002] Diaphania caesalis belongs to the Pyralidae family of the order Lepidoptera and is one of the main pests of jackfruit Artocarpus heterophyllus. Jackfruit is a plant of the genus Artocarpus in the family Moraceae. It originated in India and is now widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. It has been introduced to my country for nearly a thousand years and has been planted on a large scale in southern my country. Durian honey A. integer is also a plant of the genus Moraceae. It is native to the Malay Peninsula and is mainly planted in southern my country. It has been planted on a large scale in Hainan Province. At present, research on durian honey at home and abroad mainly focuses on cultivation and fruit quality functions. Breadfruit A. altilis also belongs to the genus Moraceae and originated in the South Pacific island countries. As the most potential food crop, it has high economic value. At present, research on breadfruit in China is still in the stage of introduction and trial planting. Ficus auriculata is a plant of the genus Ficus in the Moraceae family. It is native to Asia and is mainly distributed in tropical rainforests. Both its young leaves and fruits are edible and it is widely planted as a medicinal material and ornamental plant.

[0003] According to domestic and foreign research reports, the yellow-winged silk borer can harm seven tropical jackfruit plants, including jackfruit, durian honey, and breadfruit. During the field survey at the base, it was found that the yellow-winged silk borer had harmed the large-fruited fig, mainly the tender leaves and tender shoots. In recent years, with the adjustment of the fruit tree planting structure in southern my country, the planting area of ​​jackfruit has gradually increased, and the yellow-winged silk borer has occurred to varying degrees in almost all jackfruit planting areas. The yellow-winged silk borer occurs from May to October every year, with a long occurrence period and a wide area of ​​damage. The larvae of this insect mainly eat tender shoots, tender shoots, flower buds and fruits. After the larvae bore into the fruit, they will form channels in it, which will not only interfere with the normal development of the fruit, but also may become a way for pathogens to invade, increasing the risk of fruit infection. In addition, these channels often attract the larvae of other pests such as fruit flies to come and feed, thereby accelerating the decay process of the fruit. Therefore, the damage of yellow-winged silk borer not only directly affects the quality and yield of fruits, but also poses a serious threat to the safe production of tropical woody food crops such as jackfruit. At present, the damage of yellow-winged silk borer to jackfruit has been studied by domestic and foreign scholars to a certain extent, revealing the degree and mechanism of its damage to this specific plant. However, there are no clear research results on the damage risk of yellow-winged silk borer to other plants of the genus pineapple and other genera of Moraceae. If yellow-winged silk borer can complete its life cycle on other genus jackfruit or other genera of Moraceae except jackfruit, then its damage range will be greatly increased, posing a serious threat to the safety and stability of agricultural production. Therefore, in order to further objectively and in detail evaluate the potential damage risk of yellow-winged silk borer to these plants, reveal the occurrence and damage law of yellow-winged silk borer, and control its damage, indoor artificial breeding can conduct in-depth research on its relevant biological characteristics, so as to formulate effective prevention and control strategies in time to ensure the safety and stability of agricultural production.

[0004] Larvae of the family Pyralidae usually use food in the surrounding environment and spin silk to stick together to form mixed cocoons of various materials. Group feeding with food usually results in contamination of excrement, which can easily cause bacterial and viral infections and lead to the death of test insects. In addition, when multiple larvae are raised together in a group, there are differences in growth and development, and it is inevitable that there will be inconsistencies, which makes it difficult to distinguish between the various ages of the larvae, and it is impossible to judge whether there are differences in the growth and development of larvae feeding on different foods. In the late stage of group feeding, the older larvae that have not pupated need to eat, and they coexist with the mature larvae that are about to pupate and spin silk cocoons. A lot of disturbances in the pre-pupae stage will affect the quality of pupation, and severe cases will lead to failure of pupation or transformation into deformed pupae, with depressions and extrusion marks on the pupal shell, which ultimately affects the emergence of adults. How to overcome the above problems and provide qualified test insects for in-depth research on the yellow-winged silk borer has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a single-head rearing method for yellow-winged silk moth to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A single-head breeding method for yellow-winged silk borer comprises the following steps:

[0008] (1) Egg collection and disinfection: After the adults emerge and pair up, they are fed with honey water with a volume concentration of 5-15%, and the eggs they lay are collected; the eggs are then disinfected with a formaldehyde solution with a volume concentration of 3-5%;

[0009] (2) Egg hatching: The eggs disinfected in step (1) are placed in a sterilized insect-raising cup with a lid, a filter paper dripped with sterile water is placed on one side of the insect-raising cup, and then the insect-raising cup is placed in an artificial insect-raising room for breeding until hatching;

[0010] (3) Larval rearing: After the larvae hatch, each larva is transferred individually to a larval rearing cup, in which a filter paper block with sterile water is placed; the larvae are fed with freshly picked young leaves of the genus Jackfruit until they mature and enter the pre-pupae stage, and no more food is given;

[0011] (4) Rearing of mature larvae: When the larvae are mature and about to pupate, put food and filter paper as the medium of their homemade pupal chamber. Sterile water is added to the filter paper to keep it moist. After the mature larvae have completely transformed into pupae, remove the food;

[0012] (5) Pupa treatment: Distinguish male and female pupae based on the end of their abdomens;

[0013] (6) Rearing and laying eggs of adults: After the adults emerge from their shells, they are paired and transferred to adult rearing and egg-laying cups, and then returned to step (1) for rearing of the next generation.

[0014] In the step (1), the specific method for disinfecting the eggs is: first disinfecting with a formaldehyde solution with a volume concentration of 3-5% for 2 minutes; then soaking and rinsing with sterile water for 3-5 times, each time for 3 minutes; after rinsing, absorbing the moisture on the surface of the eggs with absorbent paper.

[0015] In the steps (2) and (3), the incubation and rearing conditions are a temperature of 26±1° C., a light cycle of L:D=14h:10h, and rearing for 3-5 days.

[0016] In the step (3), the jackfruit plant is jackfruit, durian honey, breadfruit or large-fruited fig, and its young leaves are washed with sterile water to dry the surface moisture before feeding and then used.

[0017] In the step (3), the feeding method is specifically as follows: processing the tender leaves into small leaves, adding an appropriate amount of tender leaves depending on the larvae's food intake and growth rate; replacing fresh food every day, and cleaning the remaining food and insect feces from the previous day before replacing; after 12-18 days of single-head feeding, the larvae mature and enter the pre-pupa stage and no longer eat.

[0018] In the step (4), the raising condition is a temperature of 26±1°C.

[0019] In the steps (1) and (6), the adult rearing and egg-laying cups used for adult rearing are sterilized transparent plastic cups with specifications of: diameter*height of 6cm*12cm.

[0020] In the steps (3) and (4), the larvae rearing cup is a sterilized transparent plastic cup with a specification of: diameter*height of 3cm*4.5cm.

[0021] The feeding conditions provided by the present invention are the most suitable conditions for the growth and development of a single yellow-winged silk borer obtained on the basis of a large number of experiments, and the food intake is also summarized on the basis of continuous indoor feeding for more than 5 generations. The yellow-winged silk borer can be effectively fed with the method provided by the present invention, and the malnutrition or even death of the test insects due to insufficient food can be avoided by regularly replacing the food, and the food waste can also be avoided. The food and filter paper provided for the mature larvae to cocoon and pupate can not only meet the pupation requirements of the yellow-winged silk borer, but also facilitate the observation of the pupation progress without affecting the pupation, and significantly improve the pupation rate. In addition, the present invention adopts a single insect raising cup as a feeding tool, which has the following benefits: it can prevent the larvae from cocooning and entanglement; it can effectively inhibit the massive reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, and prevent the spread of bacteria and viruses among insects; it is convenient to sterilize and clean at any time and take disinfection measures, which is conducive to timely replacement of feed and maintaining group consistency; it is convenient to observe the development time of larvae at various ages, the amount of food they eat, and the growth and development of feeding on different foods; it can reduce or even avoid the turning of mature larvae when they are cocooning and pupating, reduce accidental injuries, and increase the pupation rate and adult emergence rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention provides a method for raising yellow-winged silk moth, which mainly comprises the following steps:

[0024] 1. Egg collection and disinfection: After the adults emerge and pair, they are placed in an adult breeding and egg-laying cup and fed with 5-15% honey water. After the adults begin to lay eggs, the eggs are collected once a day until the adults stop laying eggs. After the eggs are collected, they are disinfected with a 3-5% formaldehyde aqueous solution for 2 minutes; then they are soaked and rinsed with sterile water for 3-5 times, each time for 3 minutes; after rinsing, the moisture on the surface of the eggs is dried with absorbent paper; and the number of eggs after disinfection is recorded.

[0025] 2. Egg hatching: Place the disinfected eggs in a sterilized insect cup with a lid, place a small piece of filter paper with sterile water on one side of the insect cup, and then place the insect cup in an artificial insect room for breeding. The breeding conditions are a temperature of 26±1°C and a photoperiod of L:D=14h:10h. Larvae can be hatched after 3-5 days of breeding. Record the number of larvae that finally hatch from the eggs, and calculate the hatching rate of the larvae hatched from the eggs. The calculation formula is as follows: hatching rate=number of larvae / total number of eggs (×100%). According to statistics, the hatching rate of eggs of yellow-winged silk borer is above 95%.

[0026] 3. Larvae feeding: After the larvae are hatched, use a small brush to transfer them to another insect cup with filter paper dripped with sterile water, one head per cup. Because the yellow-winged silk moth will secrete vomit when disturbed, it is necessary to be careful to handle it gently when changing the food, especially for young larvae. When using a small brush to transfer the larvae to fresh food, it is not advisable to use too much force, otherwise it is easy to cause the larvae to be injured or even killed. Freshly picked young leaves of jackfruit, durian honey, breadfruit, and big fruit fig are used as food. Before feeding, the young leaves are processed into small leaves of 3×3cm, and appropriate amount of young leaves are added according to the larvae's food intake and growth rate; fresh food is changed every day, and the remaining food insect feces of the previous day are cleaned before changing, and the insect cup is kept clean; when cleaning, use a small brush and tweezers to carefully check whether there is a larval head shell shed. If a head shell is found, it is recorded as entering the next instar. After 12-18 days of single-head feeding, the larvae mature and enter the pre-pupa stage and no longer eat. The number of mature larvae before pupation was recorded, and the survival rate of the larvae from the development to the mature larvae was calculated as follows: the number of mature larvae / the number of newly hatched larvae (×100%). The survival rate results showed that the survival rate of mature larvae feeding on jackfruit was 93%, the survival rate of mature larvae feeding on durian honey was 77%, the survival rate of mature larvae feeding on breadfruit was 69%, and the survival rate of mature larvae feeding on large-fruited fig was 62%.

[0027] 4. Feeding of mature larvae and handling of pupae: When the larvae are mature and about to pupate, put a small amount of food and filter paper into the larvae. The mature larvae pupate in a self-made pupa chamber in an insect cup with food or filter paper as the medium. Add a small amount of sterile water to the filter paper to keep it moist. Check the pupation progress 2-3 days after the mature larvae are in the self-made pupa chamber. After they have completely transformed into pupae, remove the food in time to avoid the food from rotting and affecting the development of the pupa due to being left for too long. At the same time, the male and female pupae can be distinguished based on the end of the abdomen, and the number of females can be recorded.

[0028] 5. Adult rearing: 9-12 days after becoming pupae, adults begin to emerge. After the adults emerge, they are paired and transferred to the oviposition cup for adult rearing, and 5-15% honey water is used as supplementary nutrition. The honey water is changed once a day. The number of emerged adults is recorded, and the adult emergence rate is calculated as follows: emergence rate = number of emerged adults / number of mature larvae (×100%). The emergence rate results are as follows: the emergence rate of adults feeding on jackfruit is 42%, the emergence rate of adults feeding on durian honey is 26.5%, the emergence rate of adults feeding on breadfruit is 21%, and the emergence rate of adults feeding on large-fruited fig is 27%.

[0029] 6. Egg laying: When the adults begin to lay eggs, repeat the above operation process to start the next generation of breeding. Record the number of eggs laid by the adults, and calculate the average egg laying of a single female. The calculation formula is as follows: Egg laying of a single female = number of eggs laid / number of female adults. The results of egg laying of a single female: The egg laying of a single female of the female insects feeding on jackfruit is 101.9 eggs / female, the egg laying of a single female of the female insects feeding on durian honey is 44.9 eggs / female, the egg laying of a single female of the female insects feeding on breadfruit is 42.8 eggs / female, and the egg laying of a single female of the female insects feeding on large-fruited figs is 59.3 eggs / female. The egg laying of a single female of the yellow-winged silk moth is the highest in jackfruit leaves, exceeding 100 eggs / female, followed by large-fruited figs, and less in durian honey and breadfruit trees.

[0030] In summary, by adopting the feeding method of the present invention, a yellow-winged silk borer population with normal growth and development and high survival rate, pupation rate and emergence rate can be obtained. The eggs, larvae, pupae and adults of the yellow-winged silk borer are obtained by feeding under different food conditions, which is convenient for statistical calculation of larval survival rate, pupation rate and emergence rate, and comparison of the growth and development of the yellow-winged silk borer under different food conditions, thereby laying a foundation for further analysis of the influence of plant nutrition and secondary metabolites on its growth and development, and providing a reference for formulating green prevention and control measures.

Claims

1. A single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Egg collection and disinfection: After the adults emerge and pair up, they are fed with honey water with a volume concentration of 5-15%, and the eggs they lay are collected; the eggs are then disinfected with a formaldehyde solution with a volume concentration of 3-5%; (2) Egg hatching: The eggs disinfected in step (1) are placed in a sterilized insect-raising cup with a lid, a filter paper dripped with sterile water is placed on one side of the insect-raising cup, and then the insect-raising cup is placed in an artificial insect-raising room for breeding until hatching; (3) Larval rearing: After the larvae hatch, each larva is transferred individually to a larval rearing cup, in which a filter paper block with sterile water is placed; the larvae are fed with freshly picked young leaves of the genus Jackfruit until they mature and enter the pre-pupae stage; (4) Rearing of mature larvae: When the larvae are mature and about to pupate, food and filter paper are placed as the medium of the homemade pupal chamber. Sterile water is added to the filter paper to keep it moist. After the mature larvae have completely transformed into pupae, the food is removed; (5) Pupa treatment: Distinguish male and female pupae based on the end of their abdomens; (6) Rearing and laying eggs of adults: After the adults emerge from their shells, they are paired and transferred to adult rearing and egg-laying cups, and then returned to step (1) for rearing of the next generation.

2. The single-head breeding method of the yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (1), the specific method for disinfecting the eggs is: first disinfecting with a formaldehyde solution with a volume concentration of 3-5% for 2 minutes; then soaking and rinsing with sterile water for 3-5 times, each time for 3 minutes; after rinsing, absorbing the moisture on the surface of the eggs with absorbent paper.

3. The single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps (2) and (3), the incubation and rearing conditions are a temperature of 26±1° C., a light cycle of L:D=14h:10h, and rearing for 3-5 days.

4. The single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the jackfruit plant is jackfruit, durian honey, breadfruit or large-fruited fig, and its young leaves are washed with sterile water to dry the surface moisture before feeding and then used.

5. The single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (3), the feeding method is specifically as follows: processing the tender leaves into small leaves, adding an appropriate amount of tender leaves depending on the larvae's food intake and growth rate; replacing fresh food every day, and cleaning the remaining food and insect feces from the previous day before replacing; after 12-18 days of single-head feeding, the larvae mature and enter the pre-pupa stage and no longer eat.

6. The single head breeding method of the yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (4), the raising condition is a temperature of 26±1°C.

7. The single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps (1) and (6), the adult rearing and egg-laying cups used for adult rearing are sterilized transparent plastic cups with specifications of: diameter*height of 6cm*12cm.

8. The single head breeding method of yellow-winged silk borer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the steps (3) and (4), the larvae rearing cup is a sterilized transparent plastic cup with a specification of: diameter*height of 3cm*4.5cm.