Kirschner wire fixing mechanism, bone tunnel preparation device and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a kirschner wire fixing mechanism, a bone tunnel preparation device and a preparation method thereof.The kirschner wire fixing mechanism comprises a femur guiding positioner and a tibia guiding positioner; the navigation camera can determine the position of the first channel through the first positioning assembly, so that drilling of the kirschner wire on the femur is more accurate, meanwhile, the kirschner wire is guided to conduct drilling through the femur guiding positioner, slipping of the kirschner wire is avoided, and drilling is more stable; the navigation camera can determine the position of the second channel through the second positioning assembly, so that drilling of the Kirschner wire on the tibia is more accurate, meanwhile, the Kirschner wire is guided to conduct drilling through the tibia guiding positioner, slipping of the Kirschner wire is avoided, and drilling is more stable. The technical problems that a kirschner wire is prone to slipping during inclined punching, so that punching is difficult and punching is inaccurate are solved, and the technical effects that the kirschner wire is not prone to slipping during punching, and punching is smoother and more accurate are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a Kirschner wire fixation mechanism, a bone channel preparation device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the navigation system for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery, it is necessary to drill holes in the tibia and femur. Generally, a guide pin is used to drill holes in the tibia and femur first, and then a reaming drill sleeve is placed on the guide pin to expand the hole.

[0003] Regardless of whether the femur or tibia is prepared, the drilling direction of the guide needle is inclined, that is, the drilling direction of the guide needle is inclined with respect to the surface of the femur and the surface of the tibia. Due to the inclined drilling direction of the guide needle and the residual tissue and body fluid on the bone surface, the guide needle is prone to serious slippage during drilling, resulting in difficulty and inaccurate drilling. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Kirschner wire fixation mechanism, a bone channel preparation device and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the guide wire is easy to slip when drilling at an angle, resulting in difficulty in drilling and inaccurate drilling.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a Kirschner wire fixation mechanism, including a femoral guide positioner and a tibial guide positioner;

[0006] The femoral guide positioner is provided with a first channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through, the femoral guide positioner is in contact with the femoral end surface, and the Kirschner wire passes through the femoral guide positioner through the first channel and drills a hole in the femoral end surface;

[0007] The femoral guide positioner is also provided with a first positioning component, and the navigation camera determines the position of the first channel through the first positioning component;

[0008] The tibial guide locator is provided with a second channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through, the tibial guide locator abuts against the tibia, and the Kirschner wire passes through the tibial guide locator through the second channel and drills a hole in the tibia;

[0009] The tibial guide locator is also provided with a second positioning component, and the navigation camera determines the position of the second channel through the second positioning component.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the femoral guide positioner includes a femoral guide tube, a first bracket, and a handheld portion;

[0011] The first bracket is respectively connected to the femoral guide tube, the handheld part and the first positioning assembly;

[0012] The first channel is arranged in the femoral guide tube and penetrates along the length direction of the femoral guide tube. The end face of the femoral guide tube abuts against the surface of the femur. The extension direction of the hand-held part is arranged at an angle to the length direction of the femoral guide tube.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of first serrations are circumferentially provided at one end of the femoral guide tube close to the femur, and the femoral guide tube abuts against the end surface of the femur through the first serrations.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the tibial guide positioner includes a tibial guide tube, a second bracket, and an adjustment plate;

[0015] The adjusting plate is fixedly sleeved on the tibial guide tube, and the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the second bracket, so that the adjusting plate can drive the tibial guide tube to adjust an angle relative to the second bracket;

[0016] The second bracket is connected to the second positioning assembly.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of second serrations are circumferentially provided at one end of the tibial guide tube close to the tibia, and the tibial guide tube abuts against the tibia through the second serrations.

[0018] In an optional embodiment, the second bracket is provided with a connecting hook and a supporting leg;

[0019] The connecting hook and the supporting leg are arranged at an angle, the connecting hook is arranged on the end surface of the tibia, and the supporting leg abuts against the tibia.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of fixing holes are provided on the support leg;

[0021] The plurality of fixing holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the supporting leg, the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the supporting leg, the pin passes through one of the fixing holes and is detachably connected to the adjusting plate, so that the adjusting plate can be connected to each of the fixing holes through the pin.

[0022] The present invention also provides a bone tunnel preparation device, comprising a probe, a femoral positioner, a tibial positioner and the Kirschner wire fixing mechanism;

[0023] The probe is provided with a third positioning component, one end of the probe is in contact with the femoral end surface or the tibial end surface, and the navigation camera determines the femoral end surface and the tibial end surface through the third positioning component;

[0024] The femoral locator is provided with a fourth positioning component, the femoral locator is connected to the femur, and the navigation camera determines the position of the femur through the fourth positioning component and the femoral locator;

[0025] The tibial locator is provided with a fifth positioning component, the tibial locator is connected to the tibia, and the navigation camera determines the position of the tibia through the fifth positioning component and the tibial locator.

[0026] In an optional embodiment, the probe includes a ball head and a probe rod;

[0027] The two ends of the probe rod are respectively connected to the ball head and the third positioning component, the ball head abuts against the tibial end face or the femoral end face, and the navigation camera determines the shape of the tibial end face or the femoral end face through the third positioning component, the probe rod and the ball head.

[0028] The present invention also provides a preparation method based on the bone tunnel preparation device, comprising the following steps:

[0029] Fixing a femoral locator and a tibial locator on the femur and the tibia respectively, and determining the position information of the femur and the tibia by displaying the position information of the fourth positioning component and the fifth positioning component in the navigation camera;

[0030] Determine the position of the knee joint according to the position information of the femur and the tibia, and set the measurement points in the knee joint;

[0031] Abutting the detection end of the probe against the measurement point, and converting the position information of the detection end according to the position information displayed by the third positioning component in the navigation camera;

[0032] Establishing a three-dimensional model of the femur and tibia according to the position information of the detection end, the fourth positioning component and the fifth positioning component;

[0033] Fitting the three-dimensional model with the models obtained from tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance to form a fitting model;

[0034] Planning the tibial and femoral bone tunnels on the fitted model;

[0035] Fixing the femoral guide positioning assembly to the femur through the first positioning assembly so that the first channel coincides with the femoral bone channel;

[0036] The K-wire is inserted into the first channel and the femur is drilled;

[0037] Using the K-wire as a guide, the K-wire drilling hole is enlarged to a depth less than the K-wire drilling depth to form a step;

[0038] Fixing the tibial guide positioning assembly to the tibia through the second positioning assembly so that the second channel coincides with the tibial bone tunnel;

[0039] The K-wire is inserted into the second channel and the tibia is drilled;

[0040] Using the K-wire as a guide, the K-wire drill hole is enlarged.

[0041] The present invention provides a Kirschner wire fixation mechanism, comprising a femoral guide positioner and a tibial guide positioner; the femoral guide positioner is provided with a first channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through, the femoral guide positioner is in contact with the femoral end surface, the Kirschner wire passes through the femoral guide positioner through the first channel and drills a hole in the femoral end surface; the femoral guide positioner is also provided with a first positioning component, and a navigation camera determines the position of the first channel through the first positioning component; the Kirschner wire can be drilled on the femur more accurately, and the femoral guide positioner can be used to guide the Kirschner wire to drill a hole in the femur. Drilling, avoiding the slipping of the Kirschner wire, and making the drilling more stable; a second channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through is provided on the tibial guide locator, the tibial guide locator is in contact with the tibia, and the Kirschner wire passes through the tibial guide locator through the second channel and drills a hole in the tibia; a second positioning component is also provided on the tibial guide locator, and the navigation camera determines the position of the second channel through the second positioning component, so that the Kirschner wire can drill a hole on the tibia more accurately, and at the same time, the Kirschner wire is guided by the tibial guide locator to drill a hole, avoiding the slipping of the Kirschner wire, and making the drilling more stable. The technical problem that the Kirschner wire in the prior art is easy to slip when drilling at an angle, resulting in difficulty in drilling and inaccurate drilling is solved, and the technical effect that the Kirschner wire is not easy to slip when drilling, and the drilling is smoother and more accurate is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bone channel preparation device mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The main view;

[0044] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral guide positioner mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of the bone channel preparation device mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The main view;

[0047] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a tibial guide positioner mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 A top view of the bone tunnel preparation device mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a femoral positioner mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ball-tip probe mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the double-sided probe hook mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pointed probe mentioned in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blunt-tip probe mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] In the figure, 1-Kirschner wire; 2-femoral guide locator; 201-femoral guide tube; 202-first bracket; 203-handheld part; 204-first serration; 3-tibial guide locator; 301-tibial guide tube; 302-second bracket; 303-adjusting plate; 304-second serration; 305-connecting hook; 306-support leg; 4-first positioning assembly; 5-second positioning assembly; 6-probe; 601-ball head; 602-probe rod; 7-femoral locator; 701-bone needle; 702-femoral double needle guide; 703-reference frame clamp; 8-tibial locator; 9-third positioning assembly; 10-fourth positioning assembly; 11-fifth positioning assembly; 12-powered mobile phone; 13-operating bed; 14-navigation camera. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In the related art, the bone tunnels prepared on the femur and tibia are all drilled in an inclined direction by the guide needle, that is, the drilling direction of the guide needle is inclined with respect to the surface of the femur and the surface of the tibia. Due to the inclined drilling direction of the guide needle and the residual tissue and body fluid on the bone surface, the guide needle is prone to serious slippage during drilling, resulting in difficulty in drilling and inaccurate drilling.

[0058] In view of this, if Figure 1-Figure 12As shown, some embodiments of the present invention provide a Kirschner wire 1 fixing mechanism, including a femoral guide locator 2 and a tibial guide locator 3; the femoral guide locator 2 is provided with a first channel for the Kirschner wire 1 to pass through, the femoral guide locator 2 is abutted against the end face of the femur, the Kirschner wire 1 passes through the femoral guide locator 2 through the first channel and drills a hole in the femoral end face; the femoral guide locator 2 is also provided with a first positioning component 4, and the navigation camera 14 determines the position of the first channel through the first positioning component 4; the tibial guide locator 3 is provided with a second channel for the Kirschner wire 1 to pass through, the tibial guide locator 3 is abutted against the tibia, the Kirschner wire 1 passes through the tibial guide locator 3 through the second channel and drills a hole in the tibia; the tibial guide locator 3 is also provided with a second positioning component 5, and the navigation camera 14 determines the position of the second channel through the second positioning component 5.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the Kirschner wire 1 is generally made of metal, and the Kirschner wire 1 is cylindrical. A tip is provided at one end of the Kirschner wire 1, and the other end is connected to the power mobile phone 12. The Kirschner wire 1 is driven to rotate by the power mobile phone 12, so that the tip of the Kirschner wire 1 can make a hole on the femur or tibia, and the femoral guide locator 2 is provided with a through first channel, the first channel can be cylindrical, and the diameter of the first channel is greater than or equal to the diameter of the Kirschner wire 1. For example, the inner diameter of the first channel can be 2.4 mm, and the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire 1 can also be 2.4 mm, so that the Kirschner wire 1 is fixed in the first channel, and the first channel limits the moving direction of the Kirschner wire 1, so that the Kirschner wire 1 can only move in its length direction, and one end of the first channel abuts against the end surface of the femur, so that After the Kirschner wire 1 enters through the other end of the first channel, it can drill a hole on the femoral end face under the guidance of the first channel. Similarly, a through second channel is provided on the tibial guide locator 3. The second channel can be cylindrical, and the diameter of the second channel is greater than or equal to the diameter of the Kirschner wire 1. Exemplarily, the inner diameter of the second channel can be 2.4 mm, and the outer diameter of the Kirschner wire 1 can also be 2.4 mm, so that the Kirschner wire 1 is fixed in the second channel. At the same time, the second channel limits the movement direction of the Kirschner wire 1, so that the Kirschner wire 1 can only move in its length direction, and one end of the second channel abuts against the tibial surface, so that after the Kirschner wire 1 enters through the other end of the second channel, it can drill a hole on the tibial surface under the guidance of the second channel to complete the drilling of the femoral bone tunnel and the tibial bone tunnel.

[0060] Furthermore, a first positioning component 4 is provided on the femoral guide locator 2. The first positioning component 4 may include four reflective balls, each of which is semicircular in shape. The four reflective balls are all arranged in the same direction, and the distances between two adjacent reflective balls are not equal, so that after the navigation camera 14 is irradiated with the four reflective balls, the position and angle of the femoral guide locator 2 can be inferred by the positions and angles of the four reflective balls, thereby determining the position and angle of the first channel, and then by cooperating with the navigation camera 14 and the four reflective balls, the position of the first channel is made to coincide with the position of the femoral channel, thereby determining the position of the femoral guide locator 2 Similarly, a second positioning component 5 is provided on the tibial guide locator 3, and the second positioning component 5 may include four reflective balls, each of which is semicircular, and the four reflective balls are arranged in the same direction, and the distance between two adjacent reflective balls is not equal, so that after the navigation camera 14 is irradiated with the four reflective balls, it can infer the position and angle of the tibial guide locator 3 through the positions and angles of the four reflective balls, thereby judging the position and angle of the second channel, and then through the cooperation of the navigation camera 14 and the four reflective balls, the position of the second channel is made to coincide with the position of the tibial channel, thereby determining the position of the tibial guide locator 3.

[0061] Optionally, the first positioning component 4 and the second positioning component 5 are both configured to include eight reflective balls, which are divided into two groups with opposite irradiation directions, with each group consisting of four reflective balls, so that the femoral guide locator 2 and the tibial guide locator 3 can be applied to the left leg and the right leg, respectively, and the requirement that the navigation camera 14 is set on either side of the patient is also met, with a wider range of applications.

[0062] Optionally, each positioning component consists of a reflective ball and a protective cover. A protective cover is arranged circumferentially of each reflective ball. The axis of the protective cover coincides with the axis of the reflective ball. The diameter of the protective cover is arranged to increase in the direction close to the navigation camera 14, so that the protective cover can protect the reflective ball and prevent the reflective ball from being damaged.

[0063] The present invention provides a Kirschner wire 1 fixing mechanism, comprising a femoral guide locator 2 and a tibial guide locator 3; a navigation camera 14 determines the position of a first channel through a first positioning component 4; the Kirschner wire 1 is made to drill a hole on the femur more accurately, and the Kirschner wire 1 is guided to drill a hole through the femoral guide locator 2, thereby preventing the Kirschner wire 1 from slipping, and making the hole more stable; the navigation camera 14 determines the position of a second channel through a second positioning component 5, thereby making the Kirschner wire 1 drill a hole on the tibia more accurately, and the Kirschner wire 1 is guided to drill a hole through the tibial guide locator 3, thereby preventing the Kirschner wire 1 from slipping, and making the hole more stable. The technical problem that the Kirschner wire 1 in the prior art is prone to slipping when drilling a hole at an angle, resulting in difficulty in drilling and inaccurate drilling is solved, and the technical effect that the Kirschner wire 1 is not prone to slipping when drilling a hole, and drilling is smoother and more accurate is achieved.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the femoral guide locator 2 includes a femoral guide tube 201, a first bracket 202 and a hand-held part 203; the first bracket 202 is respectively connected to the femoral guide tube 201, the hand-held part 203 and the first positioning component 4; a first channel is arranged in the femoral guide tube 201, and the first channel is arranged to penetrate along the length direction of the femoral guide tube 201, the end face of the femoral guide tube 201 abuts against the surface of the femur, and the extension direction of the hand-held part 203 is arranged at an angle to the length direction of the femoral guide tube 201.

[0065] In the above embodiment, a first positioning component 4 is provided on the first bracket 202, and the first positioning component 4 is provided on one side of the first bracket 202, that is, the first positioning component 4 can be provided on the same plane, and the femoral guide tube 201 and the hand-held part 203 can be connected on the other side of the first bracket 202 away from the first positioning component 4. The femoral guide tube 201 is in a straight line shape and is hollow inside. The side of the femoral guide tube 201 away from the femur is fixedly connected to the first bracket 202, and the hand-held part 203 is also fixedly connected to the first bracket 202. The hand-held part 203 can be rectangular, and the hand-held part 203 can be arranged vertically to the first channel so that the operator can fix the first bracket 202 and the femoral guide tube 201 by hand, which is more convenient for the operator to hold.

[0066] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of first serrations 204 are circumferentially provided at one end of the femoral guide tube 201 close to the femur, and the femoral guide tube 201 abuts against the end surface of the femur through the first serrations 204 .

[0067] In the above embodiment, a plurality of first serrations 204 are provided at one end of the femoral guide tube 201 away from the handle, and the plurality of first serrations 204 are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the femoral guide tube 201. The first serrations 204 are used to abut against the femoral end surface to prevent residual liquid or tissue on the femoral end surface from slipping and affecting the fixation of the first channel.

[0068] In an optional embodiment, the tibial guide locator 3 includes a tibial guide tube 301, a second bracket 302 and an adjustment plate 303; the adjustment plate 303 is fixedly mounted on the tibial guide tube 301, and the adjustment plate 303 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 302 so that the adjustment plate 303 can drive the tibial guide tube 301 to adjust the angle relative to the second bracket 302; the second bracket 302 is connected to the second positioning assembly 5.

[0069] In the above embodiment, a second positioning component 5 is provided on the second bracket 302. The second positioning component 5 can be provided on one side of the second bracket 302, or symmetrically provided on both sides of the second bracket 302. The second bracket 302 can be made of metal. An adjusting plate 303 is rotatably connected to the second bracket 302. The adjusting plate 303 can be rotatably connected to the second bracket 302 by means of a rotating shaft, and a tibial guide tube 301 is connected to the adjusting plate 303. The adjusting plate 303 drives the tibial guide tube 301 to rotate relative to the second bracket 302, thereby adjusting the length direction of the tibial guide tube 301; the tibial guide tube 301 is cylindrical and hollow inside. The adjusting plate 303 can be fixedly connected to the tibial guide tube 301, or can be detachably connected to the tibial guide tube 301, so that the tibial guide tube 301 can move along the length direction, thereby adjusting the position of the tibial guide tube 301 relative to the tibia.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of second serrations 304 are circumferentially provided at one end of the tibial guide tube 301 close to the tibia, and the tibial guide tube 301 abuts against the tibia through the second serrations 304 .

[0071] In the above embodiment, the end of the tibial guide tube 301 close to the tibia is arranged at an angle to the axis of the tibial guide tube 301, so that when the end of the tibial guide tube 301 close to the tibia contacts the surface of the tibia, the end face of the tibial guide tube 301 fits against the surface of the tibia, and a plurality of second serrations 304 are provided between the tibial guide tube 301 and the tibia. The plurality of second serrations 304 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the end face of the tibial guide tube 301, and the second serrations 304 are used to abut against the surface of the tibia to avoid residual liquid or tissue on the surface of the tibia, which may cause slipping and affect the fixation of the second channel.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, a connecting hook 305 and a supporting leg 306 are provided on the second bracket 302; the connecting hook 305 and the supporting leg 306 are arranged at an angle, the connecting hook 305 is hooked on the end surface of the tibia, and the supporting leg 306 abuts against the tibia.

[0073] In the above embodiment, the connecting hook 305 and the supporting leg 306 are both arranged on the side of the second bracket 302 close to the tibia, and the connecting hook 305 and the supporting leg 306 can be arranged as an integral part with the second bracket 302, and the connecting hook 305, the supporting leg 306 and the second bracket 302 are arranged in the same plane, the connecting hook 305 includes a connecting arm extending from the second bracket 302 and a right-angle hook arranged at the extended tail end of the connecting arm, the right-angle hook is located between the supporting leg 306 and the connecting arm, and the supporting leg 306 can be set to a straight line, the lower end of the supporting leg 306 can abut against the surface of the tibia, so that the tibial guide tube 301 and the supporting leg 306 are respectively abutted against the surface of the tibia, thereby making the tibial guide locator 3 more stable, and the lower end of the support leg 306 can also be arranged at a distance from the surface of the tibia.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, a plurality of fixing holes are provided on the support leg 306; the plurality of fixing holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the support leg 306, the adjustment plate 303 is rotatably connected to the support leg 306, the pin passes through a fixing hole and is detachably connected to the adjustment plate 303, so that the adjustment plate 303 can be connected to each fixing hole through the pin.

[0075] In the above embodiment, the fixing hole can be circular, and the fixing hole is set to penetrate along the thickness direction of the support leg 306. Multiple fixing holes are evenly arranged along the length direction of the support leg 306, and the adjustment plate 303 is provided with connecting holes that can correspond to each fixing hole respectively when rotated. In actual use, by rotating the adjusting plate 303, the connecting holes on the adjusting plate 303 can correspond to the fixing holes, and then the pin shaft is inserted into the fixing hole and the connecting hole to fix the adjusting plate 303 and the support leg 306, so that the adjusting plate 303 drives the tibia and the guide tube to reach the required angle, that is, the second channel is fixed at the required angle.

[0076] Optionally, the support leg 306 can also be set to an arc shape, and the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306 can be set to be similar to a vernier caliper: the adjustment piece 303 is covered on the back and two side surfaces of the support leg 306, and the adjustment piece 303 is provided with a locking nut on the back of the support leg 306. The locking nut can lock the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306 to fix the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306, and can also release the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306 so that the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306 can slide against each other. Furthermore, the support leg 306 can also be provided with a scale, and the adjustment piece 303 is provided with an indicator line. The relative angle between the adjustment piece 303 and the support leg 306 can be known by the scale indicated by the adjustment piece 303 on the support leg 306.

[0077] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a bone tunnel preparation device, including a probe 6, a femoral locator 7, a tibial locator 8 and a Kirschner wire 1 fixing mechanism; a third positioning component 9 is provided on the probe 6, one end of the probe 6 is abutted against the femoral end face or the tibial end face, and the navigation camera 14 determines the femoral end face and the tibial end face through the third positioning component 9; a fourth positioning component 10 is provided on the femoral locator 7, the femoral locator 7 is connected to the femur, and the navigation camera 14 determines the position of the femur through the fourth positioning component 10 and the femoral locator 7; a fifth positioning component 11 is provided on the tibial locator 8, the tibial locator 8 is connected to the tibia, and the navigation camera 14 determines the position of the tibia through the fifth positioning component 11 and the tibial locator 8.

[0078] In the above embodiment, the femoral locator 7 and the tibial locator 8 are connected to the femur and the tibia, respectively, and the femoral locator 7 and the tibial locator 8 can be respectively set at a distance of 10 cm from the knee joint, wherein the working principle and installation process of the femoral locator 7 and the tibial locator 8 are the same. Taking the femoral locator 7 as an example, the femoral locator 7 includes two bone needles 701, a femoral double needle guide 702 and a reference frame clamp 703. First, the two bone needles 701 are drilled into the femur at a fixed interval at a distance of 10 cm from the end face of the femur, and then the femoral double needle guide 702 is inserted into the two The bone needles 701 are placed close to the femur, and then the reference frame clamp 703 is inserted into the two bone needles 701 and pressed against the femoral double needle guide 702, so that the other end of the femoral double needle guide 702 is pressed against the femur, and the reference frame clamp 703 is locked. Then, the fourth positioning component 10 is connected to the reference clamp, so that the position of the fourth positioning component 10 is determined by the navigation camera 14, and then the approximate position of the femur is determined by the fourth positioning component 10, the reference clamp, the femoral double needle guide 702 and the two bone needles 701. Therefore, the approximate position of the tibia is the same.

[0079] Furthermore, the probe 6 is in the shape of an elongated strip, a third positioning component 9 is provided on one side of the probe 6, and a detection end is provided on the other side. The third positioning component 9 is provided with at least three reflective balls that can be illuminated by the navigation camera 14. The navigation camera 14 determines the position and angle of the probe 6 through the third positioning component 9 on the probe 6, and infers the position information of the detection end of the probe 6 based on the certain length of the probe 6. The end surface shape and structure of the femur and tibia are determined by placing the probe 6 on the end surfaces of the tibia and femur that are close to each other, thereby determining the shape of the end surfaces of the femur and tibia that need to be drilled, thereby making the three-dimensional model more accurate.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, the probe 6 includes a ball head 601 and a probe rod 602; the two ends of the probe rod 602 are respectively connected to the ball head 601 and the third positioning component 9, the ball head 601 abuts against the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface, and the navigation camera 14 determines the shape of the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface through the third positioning component 9, the probe rod 602 and the ball head 601.

[0081] In the above embodiment, the ball head 601 and the probe rod 602 can be arranged in an integral shape, and the probe rod 602 and the ball head 601 can both be made of metal. The ball head 601 is set at one end of the probe rod 602, and the ball head 601 is spherical. The navigation camera 14 infers the coordinates of the center position of the ball head 601 through the third positioning component 9. Because the diameter of the ball head 601 is consistent, when the operator holds the probe rod 602 and extends it between the tibial end surface and the femoral end surface, the navigation camera 14 determines the position and movement direction of the ball head 601 through the movement trend of the third positioning component 9, thereby determining that a certain position of the ball head 601 has been touched, and infers the coordinate information of the touched position and presents it in the three-dimensional model. The ball head 601 can touch at multiple angles in a small space, and has a wider range of applications.

[0082] Optionally, the probe 6 may also include a pointed probe, a blunt probe and a double-sided probe hook. The detection end of the pointed probe is in the shape of a needle tip. The pointed probe can use the pointed tip to pierce the residual tissue on the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface so that the pointed tip reaches the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface, and the measurement result is more accurate. The detection end of the blunt probe is a sphere with a smaller diameter. The blunt probe abuts against the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface to avoid damage to the tibial end surface or the femoral end surface. The double-sided probe hook includes a curved hook arranged at the detection end, and then two groups of third positioning components 9 are connected to the probe rod 602. The two groups of third positioning components 9 are respectively arranged on two vertically arranged planes, so that they can be illuminated by the navigation camera 14 regardless of the left leg or the right leg in the use environment, so that the double-sided probe hook can easily contact the alignment point of the tibial plateau cartilage surface after being inserted into the tibial skin incision opening to complete the alignment, that is, the determination of the detection position of the double-sided probe hook is completed by inferring the third positioning component 9.

[0083] Some embodiments of the present invention also provide a preparation method based on a bone tunnel preparation device, comprising the following steps: fixing the patient's legs on an operating table 13 so that the femur and tibia are at 90 degrees, and the patient's upper body is set at 120 degrees to the femur, fixing the femoral locator 7 and the tibial locator 8 on the femur and tibia respectively, and being connected to the femur or tibia through a threaded bone pin 701 so that the femoral locator 7 can be firmly connected to the femur, and the tibial locator 8 can be firmly connected to the tibia, determining the approximate position information of the femur and the tibia through the position information of the fourth positioning component 10 and the fifth positioning component 11 displayed in the navigation camera 14; determining the approximate position of the knee joint according to the position information of the femur and the tibia, and setting a measurement point in the knee joint; abutting the detection end of the probe 6 against the measurement point position, and converting the detection value according to the position information displayed by the third positioning component 9 in the navigation camera 14. end; establish a three-dimensional model of the femur and tibia according to the position information of the detection end, the position information of the fourth positioning component 10 and the fifth positioning component 11; fit the three-dimensional model with the model obtained by tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance to form a fitting model; plan the tibial bone tunnel and the femoral bone tunnel on the fitting model; fix the femoral guide positioning component on the femur through the first positioning component 4, so that the first channel coincides with the planned femoral bone tunnel; extend the Kirschner wire 1 into the first channel and drill the femur; use the Kirschner wire 1 as a guide to expand the Kirschner wire 1 drilling hole, the expansion depth is less than the Kirschner wire 1 drilling depth, so as to form a step; fix the tibial guide positioning component on the tibia through the second positioning component 5, so that the second channel coincides with the planned tibial bone tunnel; extend the Kirschner wire 1 into the second channel and drill the tibia; use the Kirschner wire 1 as a guide to expand the Kirschner wire 1 drilling hole.

[0084] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Kirschner wire fixation mechanism, characterized in that: Includes a femoral guide locator and a tibial guide locator; The femoral guide positioner is provided with a first channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through, the femoral guide positioner is in contact with the femoral end surface, and the Kirschner wire passes through the femoral guide positioner through the first channel and drills a hole in the femoral end surface; The femoral guide positioner is also provided with a first positioning component, and the navigation camera determines the position of the first channel through the first positioning component; The tibial guide locator is provided with a second channel for the Kirschner wire to pass through, the tibial guide locator abuts against the tibia, and the Kirschner wire passes through the tibial guide locator through the second channel and drills a hole in the tibia; The tibial guide locator is also provided with a second positioning component, and the navigation camera determines the position of the second channel through the second positioning component.

2. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The femoral guide positioner comprises a femoral guide tube, a first bracket and a handheld part; The first bracket is respectively connected to the femoral guide tube, the handheld part and the first positioning assembly; The first channel is arranged in the femoral guide tube and penetrates along the length direction of the femoral guide tube. The end face of the femoral guide tube abuts against the surface of the femur. The extension direction of the hand-held part is arranged at an angle to the length direction of the femoral guide tube.

3. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first serrations are circumferentially arranged at one end of the femur guide tube close to the femur, and the femoral guide tube abuts against the end surface of the femur through the first serrations.

4. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tibial guide positioner comprises a tibial guide tube, a second bracket and an adjustment plate; The adjusting plate is fixedly sleeved on the tibial guide tube, and the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the second bracket, so that the adjusting plate can drive the tibial guide tube to adjust an angle relative to the second bracket; The second bracket is connected to the second positioning assembly.

5. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of second serrations are circumferentially arranged at one end of the tibial guide tube close to the tibia, and the tibial guide tube abuts against the tibia through the second serrations.

6. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second bracket is provided with a connecting hook and a supporting leg; The connecting hook and the supporting leg are arranged at an angle, the connecting hook is arranged on the end surface of the tibia, and the supporting leg abuts against the tibia.

7. The Kirschner wire fixation mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support leg is provided with a plurality of fixing holes; The plurality of fixing holes are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the supporting leg, the adjusting plate is rotatably connected to the supporting leg, the pin passes through one of the fixing holes and is detachably connected to the adjusting plate, so that the adjusting plate can be connected to each of the fixing holes through the pin.

8. A bone tunnel preparation device, characterized in that: It comprises a probe, a femoral locator, a tibial locator and a Kirschner wire fixation mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The probe is provided with a third positioning component, one end of the probe is in contact with the femoral end surface or the tibial end surface, and the navigation camera determines the femoral end surface and the tibial end surface through the third positioning component; The femoral locator is provided with a fourth positioning component, the femoral locator is connected to the femur, and the navigation camera determines the position of the femur through the fourth positioning component and the femoral locator; The tibial locator is provided with a fifth positioning component, the tibial locator is connected to the tibia, and the navigation camera determines the position of the tibia through the fifth positioning component and the tibial locator.

9. The bone tunnel preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The probe comprises a ball head and a probe rod; The two ends of the probe rod are respectively connected to the ball head and the third positioning component, the ball head abuts against the tibial end face or the femoral end face, and the navigation camera determines the shape of the tibial end face or the femoral end face through the third positioning component, the probe rod and the ball head.

10. A method for preparing the bone channel preparation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Fixing a femoral locator and a tibial locator on the femur and the tibia respectively, and determining the position information of the femur and the tibia by displaying the position information of the fourth positioning component and the fifth positioning component in the navigation camera; Determine the position of the knee joint according to the position information of the femur and the tibia, and set the measurement points in the knee joint; Abutting the detection end of the probe against the measurement point, and converting the position information of the detection end according to the position information displayed by the third positioning component in the navigation camera; Establishing a three-dimensional model of the femur and tibia according to the position information of the detection end, the fourth positioning component and the fifth positioning component; Fitting the three-dimensional model with the models obtained from tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance to form a fitting model; Planning the tibial and femoral bone tunnels on the fitted model; Fixing the femoral guide positioning assembly to the femur through the first positioning assembly so that the first channel coincides with the femoral bone channel; The K-wire is inserted into the first channel and the femur is drilled; Using the K-wire as a guide, the K-wire drilling hole is enlarged to a depth less than the K-wire drilling depth to form a step; Fixing the tibial guide positioning assembly to the tibia through the second positioning assembly so that the second channel coincides with the tibial bone tunnel; The K-wire is inserted into the second channel and the tibia is drilled; Using the K-wire as a guide, the K-wire drill hole is enlarged.

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