A carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide desorption, and more particularly to a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower, comprising a tower body, wherein a plurality of trays are arranged spaced apart from top to bottom within the tower body, the trays being arranged horizontally and parallel to each other, one end of each tray connected to a downcomer, and the other end connected to the inner sidewall of the tower body, wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent trays are respectively connected to opposite inner sidewalls of the tower body, the trays are provided with a plurality of sieve holes, the non-tray ends of the downcomers are connected to the inner sidewall of the tower body, a floating plate is provided within the downcomer, the floating plate is provided with a plurality of liquid guide holes, a catalyst housing and a plurality of float balls are provided on the floating plate, the catalyst housing is filled with a catalyst, the surface of the catalyst housing is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes, a packing layer is provided at the inner bottom of the tower body, and a liquid distributor is provided above the packing layer and above at least one tray. The composite tower can effectively reduce the desorption temperature of an alcoholamine solution-rich solution and increase the desorption rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon dioxide desorption, in particular to a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the most mature technology for industrial carbon dioxide capture is chemical absorption using alcoholamine solutions. The desorption process is primarily carried out in plate or packed towers, where the carbon dioxide is desorbed by heating the rich alcoholamine solution with introduced steam. However, this process typically requires the rich alcoholamine solution temperature to be controlled above 105°C, or even 130°C. This results in high energy consumption during the desorption process, limiting the further application of carbon capture.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high desorption energy consumption and low desorption rate in the desorption process of rich alcohol amine solution in the prior art, and to provide a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower, which includes a tower body, wherein a plurality of tower plates are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the tower body, and the plurality of tower plates are arranged in parallel in a horizontal direction. One end of the plurality of tower plates is connected to a downcomer, and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body, wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates are respectively connected to the opposite inner side walls of the tower body, the tower plates are provided with a plurality of sieve holes, and the non-tray ends of the downcomers are connected to the inner side wall of the tower body. A floating plate is provided in the downcomer, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are provided on the floating plate. A catalyst shell and a plurality of float balls are provided on the floating plate. The catalyst shell is filled with a catalyst, and a plurality of liquid inlet holes are provided on the surface of the catalyst shell. A packing layer is provided at the inner bottom of the tower body below the tower plates, and a liquid distributor is provided above the packing layer and above at least one of the tower plates. The liquid distributor is used to introduce a rich alcoholamine solution.

[0006] Preferably, the height of the catalyst filled in the catalyst housing is 1 / 4 of the total height of the interior of the catalyst housing. .

[0007] Preferably, the height of the float is .

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the liquid inlet hole is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst.

[0009] Preferably, the lower liquid outlet of the downcomer is connected to a limiting flow guide pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a cover plate is provided on the sieve hole, and the cover plate is a float valve cover plate or a bubble cover plate.

[0011] Preferably, a liquid distributor is provided above each of the plurality of trays.

[0012] Preferably, the filler in the packing layer is a filler with regular tooth top angle.

[0013] Preferably, a demister is provided at the inner top of the tower body above the tower plate.

[0014] Preferably, a regeneration gas inlet and a lean liquid outlet are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the tower body.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, based on the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower, a plate tower and a packed tower are combined, and the plate tower is arranged above the packed tower, and further a plurality of tower plates arranged from top to bottom are arranged inside the plate tower section where the tower body is located above, and the plurality of tower plates are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, one end of the plurality of tower plates is connected to a downcomer, and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body, wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates are respectively connected to the inner side walls opposite to the tower body, a floating plate is arranged inside the downcomer, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are opened on the floating plate, and a catalyst shell and a plurality of float balls are arranged on the floating plate, the catalyst shell is filled with catalyst, and a plurality of liquid inlet holes are opened on the surface of the catalyst shell; a packing layer is arranged at the bottom of the packed tower section where the tower body is located below; and a liquid distributor is arranged above the packing layer and above at least one tower plate, and the liquid distributor is used to introduce rich alcoholamine solution. In actual application, the desorption temperature of the rich alcoholamine solution can be effectively reduced and the desorption rate can be increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the downcomer of the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals

[0019] 1. Tower body; 2. Tower plate; 21. Sieve hole; 22. Cover plate; 3. Downcomer; 31. Float plate; 32. Float ball; 33. Catalyst shell; 34. Catalyst; 35. Limiting guide tube; 4. Liquid distributor; 5. Packing layer; 6. Demister. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes in detail the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] In the description of the present application, the term “include” and any variations thereof are intended to include non-exclusively, and one or more other features, units, components and / or combinations thereof may exist or be added.

[0022] Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, and may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0023] The present invention provides a carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower includes a tower body 1, wherein a plurality of tower plates 2 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the tower body 1, and the plurality of tower plates 2 are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction, and one end of the plurality of tower plates 2 is connected to a downcomer 3, and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body 1, wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates 2 are respectively connected to the opposite inner side walls of the tower body 1, and a plurality of sieve holes 21 are opened on the tower plate 2, and the non-tower plate end of the downcomer 3 is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body 1. A floating plate 31 is provided within the downcomer 3. The floating plate 31 is provided with a number of liquid-conducting holes. A catalyst housing 33 and a number of float balls 32 are also mounted on the floating plate 31. The catalyst housing 33 is filled with a catalyst 34, and the surface of the catalyst housing 33 is provided with a number of liquid inlet holes. A packing layer 5 is provided at the inner bottom of the tower body 1, below the trays 2. A liquid distributor 4 is provided above the packing layer 5 and above at least one of the trays 2. The liquid distributor 4 is used to introduce a rich alcoholamine solution. Specifically, a regeneration gas inlet and a lean liquid outlet are provided at the top and bottom of the tower body 1, respectively, for discharging desorbed carbon dioxide gas and lean alcoholamine solution.

[0024] According to the above technical solution, the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower can effectively lower the desorption temperature of the rich alcoholamine solution and increase the desorption rate during practical application. Specifically, during stable operation, the temperature of the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower exhibits a linear distribution with high temperature at the bottom and low temperature at the top. That is, the temperature of the plate-type tower section located at the top of the tower body 1 is slightly lower than that of the packed tower section located at the bottom of the tower body 1. However, because the catalyst shell of the plate-type tower section is filled with a desorption catalyst, a large amount of carbon dioxide can still be desorbed at a relatively low temperature (80-90°C). Therefore, the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower not only effectively lowers the overall tower temperature (from 105-130°C to below 100°C), reducing desorption energy consumption, but also increases the carbon dioxide desorption rate. The reason for the linear distribution of high temperature at the bottom and low temperature at the top of the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower is that an external heating device (such as a reboiler) typically draws a portion of the rich alcoholamine solution from the bottom of the tower, heats it with steam, and returns it to the lower part of the tower. This arrangement results in the highest temperature of the liquid at the bottom of the tower, resulting in a temperature distribution that tends to be high at the bottom and low at the top.

[0025] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention, preferably, the height of the catalyst 34 loaded in the catalyst shell 33 is 1 / 4 of the total height of the interior of the catalyst shell 33. . By controlling the filling height of the catalyst in the catalyst housing 33, in actual application, not only can the amount of catalyst used be saved, but also the catalyst can be prevented from filling the catalyst housing and affecting the circulation of the rich alcoholamine solution in the catalyst housing 33, resulting in the rich alcoholamine solution being unable to fully contact the catalyst, thereby affecting the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution. Specifically, the catalyst housing 33 can be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, with a wire mesh-shaped liquid inlet hole on its surface. Preferably, the aperture of the liquid inlet hole is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst 34, so that the rich alcoholamine solution can quickly enter the catalyst housing 33 to drive the catalyst particles to circulate, forming a micro-loop reactor with the rich alcoholamine solution (increasing the liquid-solid contact area), and can also effectively prevent the catalyst particles from being lost with the rich alcoholamine solution.

[0026] Further preferably, the height of the float 32 is 1 / 2 of the height of the catalyst housing 33. . By further controlling the height of the float 32, when the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower is working, there will be a liquid layer of a certain thickness on the tower plate 2, and there will also be a certain liquid level in the downcomer 3. Since the floating plate 31 is connected to the float 32, it will carry the floating plate 31 and the catalyst shell 33 to the surface of the liquid layer in the downcomer 3. At this time, depending on the different settings of the float 32, the height of the catalyst shell 33 is always above the liquid level by one-third to one-half. When the rich alcoholamine solution flows downward from the upper tower plate 2, it flows downward along the inner wall of the downcomer 3, directly impacting the assembly composed of the float 31, the float 32 and the catalyst shell 33, and entering the interior of the catalyst shell 33 through the liquid inlet hole on the surface of the catalyst shell 33. The catalyst particles are impacted by the rich alcoholamine solution and make irregular movements in the catalyst shell 33, fully contacting with the rich alcoholamine solution, thereby effectively improving the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution. In addition, since the bottom of the catalyst housing 33 connecting to the floating plate 31 is designed to be non-porous, the rich alcoholamine solution can only flow out from the liquid inlet holes around the catalyst housing 33. Compared with traditional stacked components, the flow rate of the rich alcoholamine solution is reduced, the liquid-solid contact time is prolonged, and the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution is improved.

[0027] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention, preferably, the lower liquid outlet of the downcomer 3 is connected to the limited flow guide pipe 35. Figure 2 The design of the limited draft tube 35 shown in the figure not only prevents the entire assembly consisting of the floating plate 31, the float ball 32, and the catalyst housing 33 from flowing downward out of the downcomer 3 under the impact of the rich alcoholamine solution, but also guides the rich alcoholamine solution, thereby achieving effective desorption of the rich alcoholamine solution through the upper and lower multi-stage trays 2 and the downcomer 3. The entire assembly consisting of the floating plate 31, the float ball 32, and the catalyst housing 33 is disposed within the downcomer 3, which also facilitates installation, maintenance, and catalyst replacement.

[0028] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention, preferably, Figure 2 As shown, a cover plate 22 is provided on the sieve holes 21. The cover plate 22 may be a float valve cover plate or a bubble cap cover plate. By providing the cover plate 22 on the sieve holes 21, in actual use, the desorbed carbon dioxide gas pushes open the cover plate 22 due to its own pressure. After passing through the sieve holes 21 from bottom to top, it flows along the left and right sides through the liquid layer on the tray 2, where it can fully exchange heat with the liquid, thereby further desorbing the rich alcoholamine solution carried by the gas, thereby improving the desorption efficiency of the rich alcoholamine solution.

[0029] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower described in the present invention, in actual application, due to the low load state (such as 30%, 50%, and 70% load), the liquid inlet and gas production of the plate tower section located above the tower body 1 will be reduced, resulting in a reduction in the thickness of the liquid layer on the tower plate 2 and a decrease in the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency. The multiple liquid inlet settings can adjust the liquid inlet of different liquid inlets according to changes in the system load, reduce the flow rate of the top liquid inlet, avoid the reduction in tower efficiency caused by the reduction in the total liquid volume, and reduce the total energy consumption in this state. Therefore, the present invention further provides liquid distributors 4 at the upper, middle, and bottom parts of the tower body 1 for introducing rich alcoholamine solution, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the liquid inlet ratio according to the working conditions. In another specific embodiment, for example, liquid distributors 4 can be provided above several of the tower plates 2 and the packing layer 5, so that the liquid inlet ratio can be better adjusted according to the working conditions.

[0030] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention, the filler in the packing layer 5 can be a conventional structured packing, preferably a structured packing with a small tooth top angle, so as to further improve the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution.

[0031] In the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention, preferably, a demister 6 is provided at the inner top of the tower body 1 above the tower plate 2, so as to prevent the desorbed carbon dioxide gas from carrying out a large amount of liquid, resulting in the loss of rich liquid of the alcoholamine solution.

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] Use Figure 1-2The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower shown is implemented for desorption of an alcohol amine solution rich liquid. Specifically, the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower includes a tower body 1, wherein a plurality of tower plates 2 are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the tower body 1, and the plurality of tower plates 2 are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction. One end of the plurality of tower plates 2 is connected to a downcomer 3, and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body 1, wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates 2 are respectively connected to the inner side wall opposite to the tower body 1, and a plurality of sieve holes 21 are opened on the tower plate 2. The non-tray end of the downcomer 3 is connected to the inner side wall opposite to the tower body 1. Connected to the inner side wall of the tower body 1, a floating plate 31 is provided in the downcomer 3, and a plurality of liquid guide holes are opened on the floating plate 31. A catalyst housing 33 and a plurality of float balls 32 are provided on the floating plate 31. The catalyst housing 33 is filled with a catalyst 34. The surface of the catalyst housing 33 is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes. A packing layer 5 is provided at the inner bottom of the tower body 1 below the tower plate 2. A liquid distributor 4 is provided above the packing layer 5 and above at least one of the tower plates 2. The liquid distributor 4 is used to introduce a rich solution of the alcoholamine solution;

[0035] Specifically, a regeneration gas inlet and a lean liquid outlet are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the tower body 1; a demister 6 is provided at the inner top of the tower body 1 above the tower plate 2; the aperture of the liquid inlet is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst 34; the lower liquid outlet of the downcomer 3 is connected to a limiting guide pipe 35; a cover plate 22 is provided on the sieve hole 21, and the cover plate 22 is a bubble cover plate; a liquid distributor 4 is provided above several of the tower plates 2.

[0036] In actual application, the rich alcoholamine solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide enters the tower body 1 through three liquid distributors 4 and flows from top to bottom. After being heated and desorbed by the plate tower section and the packed tower section of the tower body 1, carbon dioxide gas is released. The released gas flows out from the regeneration gas port at the top from bottom to top, and the desorbed lean alcoholamine solution flows out from the lean liquid outlet at the bottom of the tower. When the rich alcoholamine solution flows downward from the upper tower plate 2, it flows downward along the inner wall of the downcomer 3, directly impacting the assembly consisting of the floating plate 31, the float 32 and the catalyst shell 33, and enters the interior of the catalyst shell 33 through the liquid inlet hole on the surface of the catalyst shell 33. The catalyst particles are impacted by the rich alcoholamine solution and move irregularly in the catalyst shell 33, fully contacting with the rich alcoholamine solution.

[0037] After testing, it was found that the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower described in the present invention effectively lowered the desorption temperature of the rich alcoholamine solution, reduced the desorption energy consumption, and increased the desorption rate, compared with the simple heating desorption scheme in the prior art, thereby effectively reducing the operating costs.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Refer to Example 1, except that the height of the catalyst 34 filled in the catalyst housing 33 is 1 / 4 of the total height of the interior of the catalyst housing 33. The height of the float 32 is the height of the catalyst housing 33 .

[0040] After testing, it was found that the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention can further improve the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution based on the sufficient contact between the catalyst and the rich alcoholamine solution, compared with the solution in Example 1.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Refer to Example 2, except that the filler in the filler layer 5 is a filler with regular tooth top angle.

[0043] After testing, it was found that the carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower of the present invention can further improve the desorption rate of the rich alcoholamine solution compared with the solution in Example 2.

[0044] The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower provided by the present invention is prepared by combining a plate tower and a packed tower, arranging the plate tower above the packed tower, and further arranging a plurality of tower plates spaced from top to bottom inside the plate tower section located above the tower body. The plurality of tower plates are arranged horizontally and parallel, one end of each of the plurality of tower plates is connected to a downcomer, and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body. The tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates are respectively connected to the opposite inner side walls of the tower body. A floating plate is arranged inside the downcomer, the floating plate is provided with a plurality of liquid guide holes, a catalyst housing and a plurality of float balls are provided on the floating plate, the catalyst housing is filled with catalyst, and a plurality of liquid inlet holes are provided on the surface of the catalyst housing; a packing layer is arranged at the bottom of the packed tower section located below the tower body; and a liquid distributor is provided above the packing layer and above at least one tower plate. The liquid distributor is used to introduce a rich alcoholamine solution. In practical application, the desorption temperature of the rich alcoholamine solution can be effectively reduced and the desorption rate can be increased.

[0045] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical scope of the present invention, various simple variations of the technical solution of the present invention may be made. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed in the present invention and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower, characterized in that: The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower comprises a tower body (1), wherein a plurality of tower plates (2) are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the tower body (1), wherein the plurality of tower plates (2) are arranged in parallel in a horizontal direction, wherein one end of the plurality of tower plates (2) is connected to a downcomer (3), and the other end is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body (1), wherein the tower body ends of two adjacent tower plates (2) are respectively connected to the inner side wall opposite to the tower body (1), wherein the tower plates (2) are provided with a plurality of sieve holes (21), and the non-tower plate end of the downcomer (3) is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body (1), and the downcomer (3) is connected to the inner side wall of the tower body (1). ) is provided with a floating plate (31), a plurality of liquid guide holes are provided on the floating plate (31), a catalyst shell (33) and a plurality of float balls (32) are provided on the floating plate (31), a catalyst (34) is filled in the catalyst shell (33), a plurality of liquid inlet holes are provided on the surface of the catalyst shell (33), a packing layer (5) is provided at the inner bottom of the tower body (1) below the tower plate (2), a liquid distributor (4) is provided above the packing layer (5) and above at least one of the tower plates (2), and the liquid distributor (4) is used to introduce a rich liquid of the alcoholamine solution; The height of the catalyst (34) filled in the catalyst housing (33) is 1 / 3 of the total height of the interior of the catalyst housing (33). ; The height of the float (32) is equal to the height of the catalyst housing (33). ; The diameter of the liquid inlet hole is smaller than the particle size of the catalyst (34); The bottom portion where the catalyst housing (33) is connected to the floating plate (31) is designed to be free of holes.

2. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower liquid outlet of the downcomer (3) is connected to a limiting flow guide pipe (35).

3. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cover plate (22) is provided on the sieve hole (21), and the cover plate (22) is a float valve cover plate or a bubble cover plate.

4. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: Liquid distributors (4) are provided above the plurality of tower plates (2).

5. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler in the packing layer (5) is a filler with regular tooth top angle.

6. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: A demister (6) is provided at the inner top of the tower body (1) above the tower plate (2).

7. The carbon dioxide catalytic desorption composite tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom of the tower body (1) are respectively provided with a regeneration gas inlet and a lean liquid outlet.

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