A classification and sorting device and a sorting method for waste battery recycling

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of battery sorting, and discloses a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for waste battery recycling, including a housing. A support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing, and a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are installed inside the housing. An air separation mechanism and a sorting mechanism are installed inside the housing; for this classification and sorting device, by setting the air separation mechanism, the blowing component blows out an air flow that passes through the air separation ventilation port to sort the waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt, so that the light particles float up and fall onto the inclined receiving plate, and the waste battery particles can be subjected to air separation operations repeatedly without air flow interference, making the sorting accuracy higher. By setting the sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles falling onto the inclined conveyor belt will not stack and agglomerate, further improving the classification and sorting accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of battery sorting, and in particular to a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for recycling waste batteries. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles and lithium-ion power batteries, a large number of waste batteries are generated. In the process of treating waste batteries by physical methods, it is first necessary to use equipment to crush the batteries, and then sort the main components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separator membranes, aluminum-plastic membranes, and electrolytes. In the process of batch recycling and treatment, there are high requirements for sorting efficiency, purity of sorted materials, energy consumption, dust, and gas diffusion.

[0003] The common method for sorting solid waste in waste batteries is mainly physical sorting. Since the densities of different components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separator membranes, and aluminum-plastic membranes are different, the different components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separator membranes, and aluminum-plastic membranes that are crushed and ground into particulate matter can be sorted out according to their weights. And the weights of the solid waste components in the crushed waste batteries are different and the particles are small. A pneumatic separation device can be used to classify and sort different components such as positive electrode sheets, negative electrode sheets, separator membranes, and aluminum-plastic membranes that are crushed into particulate matter.

[0004] In the Chinese patent with the publication number CN109396042B, a sorting device and method for lithium-ion battery crushed particulate matter are disclosed. This device sorts the crushed particulate matter entering from the feed port above the middle cylinder part by setting air inlet mechanisms at different heights in the middle cylinder part and stratifying according to the weight of each particulate matter, with a simple structure and convenient operation.

[0005] However, in the use of the above sorting device, during the process that the crushed particulate matter enters the middle cylinder part from the inlet pipe and is sorted multiple times, the heavier particulate matter passing through the round hole in the middle of the upper second filter screen will also gradually approach the second filter screen due to negative pressure, collision, and the lateral velocity generated by sliding downward in the feed pipe. This results in some of the heavier particulate matter falling onto the second filter screen where the lighter particulate matter stays due to collision and lateral movement, leading to a lower accuracy of the sorted various particulate matters, affecting the product quality. At the same time, with the increase of the falling distance, due to the effect of gravitational acceleration, the falling speed of the particulate matter gradually increases, and the particulate matter flowing into the lower second filter screen must be carried out in a shorter time. And when the feeding speed is too fast, it may affect the sorting effect because a large amount of particulate matter falls simultaneously, resulting in a further decrease in accuracy. Therefore, a classification and sorting device that can sort repeatedly to improve accuracy and a sorting method for recycling waste batteries are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a classification and sorting device and a sorting method for waste battery recycling, which has the advantages of high sorting accuracy and solves the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A classification and sorting device includes a housing. A support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing, and a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are installed inside the housing. An air separation mechanism and a sorting mechanism are installed inside the housing, and a receiving hopper is installed on one side of the top of the housing. The sorting mechanism is used to receive the particulate matter falling from the receiving hopper and evenly and dispersedly transport the particulate matter into the air separation mechanism. The air separation mechanism includes an inclined conveyor belt, a blowing component, a receiving component, and a receiving conveyor belt. The inclined conveyor belt is used to receive the particulate matter output by the sorting mechanism and transport the particulate matter with different densities upward. The discharging end of the inclined conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe. Air separation ventilation openings are evenly formed on the surface of the inclined conveyor belt, and blocking strips are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the inclined conveyor belt. The blowing component blows air upward, and its air outlet is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt. The receiving component is used to receive the light particulate matter blown away from the inclined conveyor belt by the blowing component. The receiving component includes an inclined receiving plate. The inclined receiving plate is installed above the inclined conveyor belt. A plurality of the inclined receiving plates are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt. The receiving conveyor belt is used to receive the light particulate matter sliding down from the inclined receiving plate, and the discharging end of the receiving conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the light material output pipe.

[0011] Preferably, left and right mounting plates are respectively and fixedly installed on the left and right sides inside the housing. The left mounting plate and the right mounting plate are used to mount the inclined conveyor belt and the receiving conveyor belt.

[0012] Preferably, the air separation mechanism further includes an air vent anti-blocking component, which includes a left long hair cylinder brush, a middle long hair cylinder brush, a right long hair cylinder brush and a cleaning drive motor. The left long hair cylinder brush, the middle long hair cylinder brush and the right long hair cylinder brush are respectively arranged on the left, middle and right inside the inclined conveyor belt. The left long hair cylinder brush and the middle long hair cylinder brush are both in contact with the upper surface inside the inclined conveyor belt, and the right long hair cylinder brush is in contact with the lower surface inside the inclined conveyor belt. The left long hair cylinder brush, the middle long hair cylinder brush and the right long hair cylinder brush are respectively fixedly installed with a left mounting shaft, a middle mounting shaft and a right mounting shaft. Both ends of the left mounting shaft, the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate. The cleaning drive motor is fixedly installed on one of the right mounting plates, and the drive end of the cleaning drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft. The left mounting shaft and the middle mounting shaft are connected by a left-middle transmission pulley, and the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are connected by a right-middle transmission pulley.

[0013] Preferably, the blowing component includes a blower and an air outlet box. The blower is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the housing. The air outlet box is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt, and both ends of the air outlet box are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate. The upper surface of the air outlet box is provided with air outlets distributed in a rectangular array. The blower and the air outlet box are connected by an air pipe. The air outlet box is distributed between the left long hair cylinder brush, the middle long hair cylinder brush and the right long hair cylinder brush.

[0014] Preferably, the receiving component further includes a receiving rotating rod, a sliding plate, a rotating wheel and an eccentric shaft. A receiving rotating rod is fixedly installed on the lower surface of each inclined receiving plate. Both ends of the receiving rotating rod are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate. One end of all the receiving rotating rods is fixedly installed with a reciprocating rotating gear, and there is a gap between adjacent reciprocating rotating gears. A rack meshing with all the reciprocating rotating gears is arranged on the top of the sliding plate. Guide plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower surface of the sliding plate, and a transmission plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower surface of the sliding plate. Parallel sliding holes are respectively opened in the two guide plates, and the two parallel sliding holes are respectively slidably connected to the left mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft, and the length direction of the parallel sliding holes is parallel to the material conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt. A vertical sliding hole is opened in the transmission plate, and the length direction of the vertical sliding hole is perpendicular to the material conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt. The center position on one side of the rotating wheel is fixedly connected to one end of the middle mounting shaft, and the eccentric shaft is fixedly installed at a position deviating from the center on the other side of the rotating wheel. The eccentric shaft is slidably sleeved inside the vertical sliding hole.

[0015] Preferably, the sorting mechanism includes a material receiving bin, a double - screw conveyor, and a quantitative rotating cylinder. The material receiving bin is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates. The top, middle, and bottom of the material receiving bin are respectively provided with a material receiving groove, a circular groove, and a discharge port. The material receiving groove, the circular groove, and the discharge port are communicated in sequence from top to bottom. The double - screw conveyor and the quantitative rotating cylinder are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving groove and the circular groove. The outer wall surface of the quantitative rotating cylinder is in close contact with the inner wall of the circular groove, and the outer wall of the quantitative rotating cylinder is evenly provided with material conveying grooves. The double - screw conveyor and the quantitative rotating cylinder are respectively fixedly installed with a screw conveyor shaft and a quantitative rotating shaft. The screw conveyor shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft both penetrate through the side walls at both ends of the material receiving bin and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plates. A material receiving motor is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate. The driving end of the material receiving motor is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating shaft. The screw conveyor shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft are connected by a material receiving belt pulley transmission.

[0016] Preferably, the sorting mechanism further includes a horizontal conveyor belt. The horizontal conveyor belt is arranged below the discharge port, and the discharge end of the horizontal conveyor belt is above the feeding end of the inclined conveyor belt. The horizontal conveyor belt is installed on the left mounting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the sorting mechanism further includes a limiting rotating roller. The limiting rotating roller is rotatably arranged on one side of the discharge end of the horizontal conveyor belt, and the limiting rotating roller is close to the outer side surface of the horizontal conveyor belt. A limiting rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the limiting rotating roller. The two ends of the limiting rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the left mounting plates. Transmission gears are fixedly installed on both the limiting rotating shaft and the adjacent horizontal conveyor rotating rod, and the two transmission gears are meshed with each other.

[0018] Preferably, the receiving hopper is fixedly installed with the housing through a spring, and a vibration motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving hopper. The discharge port of the receiving hopper extends above the material receiving groove.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a sorting method for waste battery recycling, which uses the above - mentioned classification and sorting equipment.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a classification and sorting equipment and a sorting method for waste battery recycling, having the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. For this classification and sorting equipment, by setting up a pneumatic separation mechanism, the blowing component blows out air flow to pass through the pneumatic separation air vents to sort the waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt, enabling the light particles to float up and fall onto the inclined receiving plate. It can perform pneumatic separation operations on the waste battery particles multiple times without air flow interference, making the sorting accuracy higher. By setting up a sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles falling onto the inclined conveyor belt will not stack and agglomerate, further improving the classification and sorting accuracy.

[0023] 2. The classification and sorting equipment, by arranging a receiving rotating rod, a sliding plate, a reciprocating rotating gear, a rack, a guide plate and a transmission plate on the inclined receiving plate, enables the inclined receiving plate to continuously swing at a small angle, so that the light particulate matters falling on the inclined receiving plate can slide downward obliquely under the action of gravity, avoiding the accumulation of particulate matters on the inclined receiving plate and improving the sorting efficiency.

[0024] 3. The classification and sorting equipment, by arranging an air vent anti-blocking component, can continuously clean the air separation air vent, avoiding the blockage of the air separation air vent during the air separation process, thus affecting the air separation efficiency.

[0025] 4. The classification and sorting equipment, by arranging a receiving bin, a double-directional auger and a quantitative rotating cylinder, can sort the particulate matters entering the interior of the classification and sorting equipment, so that the particulate matters are dispersed and distributed at intervals in groups with a certain volume on the horizontal conveyor belt. By arranging a limiting rotating roller in cooperation with the horizontal conveyor belt, the speed of the particulate matters output by the horizontal conveyor belt can be limited, so that the particulate matters will not stack on the inclined conveyor belt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 One of the three-dimensional structure diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Two of the three-dimensional structure diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 One of the exploded structure diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Two of the exploded structure diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at A in;

[0031] Figure 6 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at B in;

[0032] Figure 7 Three of the exploded structure diagrams of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 The classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of the partial structure at C in;

[0034] Figure 9 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is the fifth schematic diagram of the decomposition structure of the classification and sorting equipment proposed in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Shell; 11. Heavy material output pipe; 12. Light material output pipe; 13. Left mounting plate; 14. Right mounting plate; 2. Air selection mechanism; 21. Inclined conveyor belt; 211. Air selection vent; 212. Baffle bar; 213. Inclined conveyor rotating rod; 214. Inclined conveyor motor; 22. Blowing material component; 221. Blower; 222. Air outlet box; 23. Receiver component; 231. Inclined receiving plate; 232. Receiver rotating rod; 233. Slide plate; 234. Reciprocating rotating gear; 235. Rack; 236. Guide plate; 237. Transmission plate; 238. Parallel slide hole; 239. Vertical slide hole; 2310. Rotor; 2311. Eccentric shaft; 24. Receiver conveyor belt; 241. Receiver conveyor rotating shaft; 242. Receiver conveyor motor; 25. Vent anti-blocking component; 2 51. Left long-haired cylinder brush; 252. Middle long-haired cylinder brush; 253. Right long-haired cylinder brush; 254. Left mounting shaft; 255. Middle mounting shaft; 256. Right mounting shaft; 257. Cleaning drive motor; 258. Left middle transmission pulley; 259. Right middle transmission pulley; 3. Sorting mechanism; 31. Receiving bin; 311. Receiving trough; 312. Circular trough; 313. Discharge port; 32. Two-way auger; 321. Auger shaft; 33. Measuring drum; 331. Material transport trough; 332. Measuring shaft; 34. Horizontal conveyor belt; 341. Horizontal conveying rod; 342. Horizontal conveying motor; 35. Limiting roller; 351. Limiting shaft; 36. Receiving motor; 37. Receiving pulley; 38. Transmission gear; 4. Receiving hopper; 41. Spring; 42. Vibrating motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7, the present invention provides a classification and sorting device, including a housing 1. A support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing 1, and a heavy material output pipe 11 and a light material output pipe 12 are installed inside the housing 1. An air separation mechanism 2 and a sorting mechanism 3 are installed inside the housing 1, and a receiving hopper 4 is installed on one side of the top of the housing 1. The sorting mechanism 3 is used to receive the particulate matter falling from the receiving hopper 4 and uniformly and dispersedly convey the particulate matter into the air separation mechanism 2. The air separation mechanism 2 includes an inclined conveyor belt 21, a blowing component 22, a receiving component 23, and a receiving conveyor belt 24. The inclined conveyor belt 21 is used to receive the particulate matter output by the sorting mechanism 3 and convey the particulate matter with different densities upward. The discharging end of the inclined conveyor belt 21 is located above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe 11. Air separation ventilation openings 211 are uniformly formed on the surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21, and retaining bars 212 are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21. The blowing component 22 blows air upward, and its air outlet is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt 21. The receiving component 23 is used to receive the light particulate matter blown up and separated from the inclined conveyor belt 21 by the blowing component 22. The receiving component 23 includes an inclined receiving plate 231. The inclined receiving plate 231 is installed above the inclined conveyor belt 21. A plurality of inclined receiving plates 231 are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. There is a gap between two adjacent inclined receiving plates 231, and the overlapping part of the projections of the mutually approaching sides on the horizontal plane exists. The receiving conveyor belt 24 is used to receive the light particulate matter sliding down from the inclined receiving plate 231, and the discharging end of the receiving conveyor belt 24 is located above the inlet of the light material output pipe 12.

[0041] As can be seen from the above, when using this device, first move the classification and sorting device so that the upper surface of the material receiving hopper 4 is opposite to the discharge port of the crushing device for recycling waste batteries, so that the crushed waste battery particles can fall into the material receiving hopper 4 of the classification and sorting device, and the waste battery particles are input into the sorting mechanism 3 through the material receiving hopper 4. Through the sorting mechanism 3, the waste battery particles are sorted, and the waste battery particles are scattered. At the same time, when the waste battery particles fall onto the inclined conveyor belt 21, they will only be spread out in a thin layer, avoiding the stacking of waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt 21. By setting the air separation mechanism 2, when the inclined conveyor belt 21 works, it drives the particles spread on the inclined conveyor belt 21 to move, so that the air flow blown out by the blowing component 22 blows up the light particles through the air separation vent 211. After the blown-up light particles contact the lower surface of the inclined receiving plate 231, they are blown out from the gap between two adjacent inclined receiving plates 231 and slide down along the slope on the upper surface of the inclined receiving plate 231 to fall onto the receiving conveyor belt 24, so that the light particles enter the light material output pipe 12. At the same time, the heavy particles that are not blown up by the air flow are conveyed by the inclined conveyor belt 21 to the heavy material output pipe 11, thus realizing the separation of light and heavy materials, so as to classify and sort the materials with different densities in the waste batteries. And, through the setting of the baffle 212, the sliding distance of the particles is limited, avoiding the continuous downward rolling of the particles falling onto the inclined conveyor belt 21. Therefore, by using the air flow blown out by the blowing component to pass through the air separation vent to sort the waste battery particles on the inclined conveyor belt, the light particles are lifted and fall onto the inclined receiving plate, and the air separation operation can be carried out on the waste battery particles repeatedly without air flow interference, making the sorting accuracy higher. By setting the sorting mechanism, the waste battery particles falling onto the inclined conveyor belt will not stack and agglomerate, further improving the sorting accuracy.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] Such as Figure 3 - Figure 7 、 Figure 9 And Figure 10As shown in the figure, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that on the left and right sides inside the housing 1, a left mounting plate 13 and a right mounting plate 14 are fixedly installed respectively. At both ends of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt 21, there are driving connections with inclined conveyor rollers, and on each of the inclined conveyor rollers, there is fixedly installed an inclined conveyor rotating rod 213. The two inclined conveyor rotating rods 213 are respectively rotationally connected to the left mounting plate 13 and the right mounting plate 14. On the left mounting plate 13, there is fixedly installed an inclined conveyor motor 214, and the driving end of the inclined conveyor motor 214 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the inclined conveyor rotating rods 213. The top of the receiving conveyor belt 24 is arranged above the inclined conveyor belt 21. At both ends of the inner side of the receiving conveyor belt 24, there are driving connections with receiving conveyor rollers, and on each of the receiving conveyor rollers, there is fixedly installed a receiving conveyor rotating shaft 241. The two ends of the receiving conveyor rotating shaft 241 are respectively rotationally connected to the left mounting plate 13 and the right mounting plate 14. One end of one of the receiving conveyor rotating shafts 241 is connected to the driving end of the receiving conveyor motor 242, and the receiving conveyor motor 242 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13.

[0044] As can be seen from the above, since the two inclined conveyor rollers are drivingly connected by the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the inclined conveyor rotating rod 213 is fixedly installed on the inclined conveyor roller, and the driving end of the inclined conveyor motor 214 fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13 is connected to one of the inclined conveyor rotating rods 213, therefore, the inclined conveyor motor 214 can drive the inclined conveyor belt 21 to rotate, so as to convey the particulate matter falling on the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21; similarly, since the two receiving conveyor rollers are drivingly connected by the receiving conveyor belt 24, and the receiving conveyor rotating shaft 241 is fixedly installed on the receiving conveyor roller, and the driving end of the receiving conveyor motor 242 fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13 is connected to one of the receiving conveyor rotating shafts 241, therefore, the receiving conveyor motor 242 can drive the receiving conveyor belt 24 to rotate, so as to convey the particulate matter falling on the upper surface of the receiving conveyor belt 24; in addition, when the receiving conveyor belt 24 and the inclined conveyor belt 21 are operating, they do not interfere with each other, and the presence of the receiving conveyor belt 24 will not affect the conveying work of the inclined conveyor belt 21.

[0045] The air separation mechanism 2 further includes an air vent anti-blocking component 25. The air vent anti-blocking component 25 includes a left long hair cylinder brush 251, a middle long hair cylinder brush 252, a right long hair cylinder brush 253 and a cleaning drive motor 257. The left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 and the right long hair cylinder brush 253 are respectively arranged on the left side, the middle and the right side inside the inclined conveyor belt 21. The left long hair cylinder brush 251 and the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 are both in contact with the upper surface inside the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the right long hair cylinder brush 253 is in contact with the lower surface inside the inclined conveyor belt 21. The left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are respectively fixedly installed on the left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 and the right long hair cylinder brush 253. Both ends of the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate 14. The cleaning drive motor 257 is fixedly installed on one of the right mounting plates 14, and the drive end of the cleaning drive motor 257 is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft 254. The left mounting shaft 254 and the middle mounting shaft 255 are connected by a left-middle transmission pulley 258, and the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are connected by a right-middle transmission pulley 259.

[0046] As can be seen from the above, under the driving action of the left-middle transmission pulley 258 and the right-middle transmission pulley 259, the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are simultaneously controlled by the cleaning drive motor 257 to rotate in the same direction. Since the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255 and the right mounting shaft 256 are respectively fixedly installed on the left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 and the right long hair cylinder brush 253, therefore, the left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 and the right long hair cylinder brush 253 can respectively contact one side inside the inclined conveyor belt 21. Since the left long hair cylinder brush 251 and the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 are both in contact with the upper surface inside the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the right long hair cylinder brush 253 is in contact with the lower surface inside the inclined conveyor belt 21. Among them, the functions of the left long hair cylinder brush 251 and the middle long hair cylinder brush 252 are that when rotating, their bristles enter the air separation air vent 211, so as to clean the particulate matter blocked in the air separation air vent 211, and avoid the blockage of the air separation air vent 211, resulting in uneven blowing of the particulate matter by the air flow, thus affecting the air separation effect. The function of the right long hair cylinder brush 253 is that after the air separation is completed, it prevents the heavy particulate matter from being stuffed into the air separation air vent 211 again during the conveying process, so that the heavy particulate matter cannot smoothly enter the heavy material output pipe 11.

[0047] The blowing component 22 includes a blower 221 and an air outlet box 222. The blower 221 is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the housing 1. The air outlet box 222 is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt 21, and both ends of the air outlet box 222 are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate 14. The upper surface of the air outlet box 222 is provided with air outlet holes distributed in a rectangular array. The blower 221 and the air outlet box 222 are connected through an air delivery pipe. The air outlet box 222 is distributed between the left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252, and the right long hair cylinder brush 253.

[0048] As can be seen from the above, the air flow output by the blower 221 flows through the air outlet box 222 to the air separation ventilation opening 211 on the upper surface of the inclined conveyor belt 21, thereby lifting the particulate matter with a smaller density. Since the air outlet box 222 is distributed between the left long hair cylinder brush 251, the middle long hair cylinder brush 252, and the right long hair cylinder brush 253, in this application, the number of the middle long hair cylinder brushes 252 can be set to be multiple, and the number of the air outlet boxes 222 is always one more than the number of the middle long hair cylinder brushes 252. During the conveying process, when the particulate matter that fails to fall onto the inclined receiving plate 231 after being blown up forms a blockage in the air separation ventilation opening 211, the particulate matter can be quickly cleaned out of the air separation ventilation opening 211, improving the sorting effect.

[0049] Furthermore, the receiving component 23 further includes a receiving rotating rod 232, a sliding plate 233, a rotating wheel 2310, and an eccentric shaft 2311. A receiving rotating rod 232 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of each inclined receiving plate 231. Both ends of the receiving rotating rod 232 are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate 14. One ends of all the receiving rotating rods 232 are fixedly installed with reciprocating rotating gears 234. There is a gap between adjacent reciprocating rotating gears 234. A rack 235 meshing with all the reciprocating rotating gears 234 is arranged on the top of the sliding plate 233. Guide plates 236 are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower surface of the sliding plate 233, and a transmission plate 237 is fixedly installed in the middle of the lower surface of the sliding plate 233. Parallel sliding holes 238 are opened in both guide plates 236. The two parallel sliding holes 238 are respectively slidably connected to the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256, and the length direction of the parallel sliding holes 238 is parallel to the material conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. A vertical sliding hole 239 is opened in the transmission plate 237, and the length direction of the vertical sliding hole 239 is perpendicular to the material conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. The center position on one side of the rotating wheel 2310 is fixedly connected to one end of the middle mounting shaft 255, and the eccentric shaft 2311 is fixedly installed at a position deviating from the center on the other side of the rotating wheel 2310. The eccentric shaft 2311 is slidably sleeved inside the vertical sliding hole 239.

[0050] As can be seen from the above, since the receiving rotating rod 232 is rotatably mounted on the right mounting plate 14, the reciprocating rotating gear 234 fixedly mounted on the receiving rotating rod 232 can only rotate but not displace. At the same time, since parallel sliding holes 238 are formed in the guide plates 236 fixedly mounted on both sides of the lower surface of the sliding plate 233, and the two parallel sliding holes 238 are respectively slidably connected to the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256 while the sliding directions are towards the feeding direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21, the vertical distance between the sliding plate 233 and the inclined conveyor belt 21 does not change. During the rotation of the left mounting shaft 254, the middle mounting shaft 255, and the right mounting shaft 256, the left mounting shaft 254 and the right mounting shaft 256 rotate in the parallel sliding holes 238 and do not drive the two guide plates 236. When the middle mounting shaft 255 drives the eccentric shaft 2311 to rotate, the eccentric shaft 2311 can drive the transmission plate 237 to move under the limiting and guiding action of the vertical sliding hole 239. The transmission plate 237 drives the sliding plate 233 to reciprocally slide along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt 21. When the sliding plate 233 slides, the rack 235 provided thereon can drive the reciprocating rotating gear 234 meshed with it to rotate without the situation of the rack 235 being separated from the reciprocating rotating gear 234. Therefore, the inclined receiving plate 231 fixedly mounted on the receiving rotating rod 232 can rotate and swing at a small angle. The reciprocating sliding of the sliding plate 233 drives each inclined receiving plate 231 to swing reciprocally synchronously, thereby forming a certain vibration, making the particulate matter falling on the inclined receiving plate 231 continuously jump. And because the inclined receiving plate 231 is inclined, the inclination angle changes during swinging. Under the action of the airflow blown out by the air outlet box 222, it makes it easier for the light particulate matter to move downward along the inclined surface of the inclined receiving plate 231 when jumping. Therefore, it makes the particles easier to slide off the inclined receiving plate 231 and thus can fall onto the receiving conveyor belt 24, avoiding the accumulation of particulate matter on the inclined receiving plate 231.

[0051] Embodiment III

[0052] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 - Figure 10As shown, the difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that the sorting mechanism 3 includes a material receiving bin 31, a two-way auger 32 and a quantitative rotating drum 33, the material receiving bin 31 is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates 13, and the top, middle and bottom of the material receiving bin 31 are respectively provided with a material receiving groove 311, a circular groove 312 and a discharge port 313, the material receiving groove 311, the circular groove 312 and the discharge port 313 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the two-way auger 32 and the quantitative rotating drum 33 are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving groove 311 and the circular groove 312, and the outer wall of the quantitative rotating drum 33 is connected to the material receiving groove 311 and the circular groove 312. The inner wall of the circular groove 312 is tightly attached, and the outer wall surface of the quantitative rotating drum 33 is evenly provided with a material transport groove 331. The bidirectional auger 32 and the quantitative rotating drum 33 are respectively fixedly installed with an auger shaft 321 and a quantitative rotating shaft 332. The auger shaft 321 and the quantitative rotating shaft 332 both penetrate the side walls at both ends of the material receiving bin 31 and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13. A material receiving motor 36 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13. The driving end of the material receiving motor 36 is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating shaft 332. The auger shaft 321 and the quantitative rotating shaft 332 are connected through a material receiving pulley 37.

[0053] As can be seen from the above, the particles falling into the receiving bin 31 will enter the receiving trough 311, the circular trough 312 and the discharge port 313 in sequence. When the particles enter the receiving trough 311, the two-way auger 32 rotates to break up the sticky particles and at the same time has a certain dispersion effect to prevent the particles from accumulating in one place. The particles that want to enter the circular trough 312 can only fall into the material transport trough 331 opened on the quantitative rotating drum 33 to continue to flow downward. Due to the size limitation of the material transport trough 331, The material transport trough 331 can only transport a certain number of particles at most. Therefore, when each material transport trough 331 rotates to the lowermost end, it can only discharge a certain number of particles from the discharge port 313 at most, thereby achieving the effect of controlling the maximum transport volume. At the same time, when the interior of the material transport trough 331 is not filled, the particles move inside the material transport trough 331 as the quantitative rotating drum 33 rotates, which can also have a dispersion effect, and further make the particles discharged from the discharge port 313 piled into long strips on the horizontal conveyor belt 34.

[0054] The sorting mechanism 3 also includes a horizontal conveyor belt 34, which is arranged below the discharge port 313, and the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 is arranged above the loading end of the inclined conveyor belt 21, and the two ends of the inner side of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 are transmission-connected with horizontal conveying rollers, and horizontal conveying rotating rods 341 are fixedly installed on the horizontal conveying rollers. The two horizontal conveying rotating rods 341 are both rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13, and a horizontal conveying motor 342 is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate 13, and the driving end of the horizontal conveying motor 342 is fixedly connected to one end of one of the horizontal conveying rotating rods 341.

[0055] The sorting mechanism 3 further includes a limiting roller 35. The limiting roller 35 is rotatably arranged on one side of the discharging end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34, and the limiting roller 35 is close to the outer side surface of the horizontal conveyor belt 34. A limiting rotating shaft 351 is fixedly installed on the limiting roller 35. The two ends of the limiting rotating shaft 351 are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate 13. Transmission gears 38 are fixedly installed on both the limiting rotating shaft 351 and the adjacent horizontal conveyor rotating rod 341, and the two transmission gears 38 mesh with each other.

[0056] As can be seen from the above, by setting the horizontal conveyor belt 34, which is used to receive the particulate matter discharged from the discharge port 313 and convey the particulate matter to the inclined conveyor belt 21. With the setting of the limiting roller 35, the particulate matter discharged from the discharging end of the horizontal conveyor belt 34 must pass between the horizontal conveyor belt 34 and the limiting roller 35. Since the particulate matter discharged from the discharge port 313 piles up in a long strip shape on the horizontal conveyor belt 34, when the height of the particulate matter piled up in a long strip shape on the horizontal conveyor belt 34 exceeds the interval between the horizontal conveyor belt 34 and the limiting roller 35, it will be blocked and squeezed, so that the quantity falling onto the inclined conveyor belt 21 at the same time is controlled, and the particulate matter falling onto the inclined conveyor belt 21 will not pile up too thickly. It can cooperate with the material conveying groove 331 opened on the quantitative rotating cylinder 33 and the retaining bars 212 arranged on the inclined conveyor belt 21, so that a layer of particulate matter is laid flat between two adjacent retaining bars 212, thereby making the effect of the airflow blowing better and avoiding weight imbalance caused by the accumulation of particulate matter.

[0057] The receiving hopper 4 is fixedly installed on the housing 1 through a spring 41, and a vibration motor 42 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the receiving hopper 4. The discharging port of the receiving hopper 4 extends above the receiving groove 311.

[0058] By setting the vibration motor 42, it can be avoided that the particulate matter accumulates in the receiving hopper 4 and does not flow downward. By setting the spring 41, the vibration transmitted to the housing 1 can be reduced, the probability of damage to the housing 1 can be lowered, and the service life of the housing 1 can be prolonged.

[0059] Embodiment 4

[0060] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 10 , the present invention also discloses a sorting method for waste battery recycling, which uses the above classification and sorting equipment.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A classification and sorting device, comprising a housing, a support is fixedly installed at the bottom of the housing, and a heavy material output pipe and a light material output pipe are installed inside the housing, characterized in that: A pneumatic separation mechanism and a sorting mechanism are installed inside the shell, and a receiving hopper is installed on one side of the top of the shell. The sorting mechanism is used to receive the particles falling from the receiving hopper and transport the particles to the pneumatic separation mechanism evenly and dispersedly. The pneumatic separation mechanism includes an inclined conveyor belt, a blowing component, a receiving component, a receiving conveyor belt and an air vent anti-blocking component. The inclined conveyor belt is used to receive the particles output by the sorting mechanism and transport particles with different densities upward, and the unloading end of the inclined conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the heavy material output pipe. The surface of the inclined conveyor belt is evenly provided with pneumatic separation vents, and the inclined The outer surface of the conveyor belt is evenly provided with baffle bars, the blowing component discharges air upward, and its air outlet is arranged on the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, the receiving component is used to receive the light particles blown up by the blowing component and leaving the inclined conveyor belt, and the receiving component includes an inclined receiving plate, a receiving rotating rod, a slide plate, a rotating wheel and an eccentric shaft, the inclined receiving plate is installed above the inclined conveyor belt, and a plurality of the inclined receiving plates are arranged in a linear array along the conveying direction of the inclined conveyor belt, the receiving conveyor belt is used to receive the light particles sliding down from the inclined receiving plate, and the unloading end of the receiving conveyor belt is arranged above the inlet of the light material output pipe; A left mounting plate and a right mounting plate are fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the shell, respectively, and the left mounting plate and the right mounting plate are used to install the inclined conveyor belt and the receiving conveyor belt; The vent anti-blocking component includes a left long-hair barrel brush, a middle long-hair barrel brush, a right long-hair barrel brush and a cleaning drive motor, the left long-hair barrel brush and the middle long-hair barrel brush are in contact with the upper surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, the right long-hair barrel brush is in contact with the lower surface of the inner side of the inclined conveyor belt, and the left long-hair barrel brush, the middle long-hair barrel brush and the right long-hair barrel brush are respectively fixedly installed with a left mounting shaft, a middle mounting shaft and a right mounting shaft; The transmission gear of the present invention is a gear selected from the group consisting of a left-hand side gear and a right-hand side gear, and a gear engaged with the gear of the left and right sides gears is connected with the gear of the right and left sides gears respectively.

2. A classification and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left long-hair cylinder brush, the middle long-hair cylinder brush and the right long-hair cylinder brush are respectively arranged on the left, middle and right sides inside the inclined conveyor belt, and both ends of the left mounting shaft, the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are rotatably connected to the right mounting plate, the cleaning drive motor is fixedly mounted on one of the right mounting plates, and the driving end of the cleaning drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the left mounting shaft, the left mounting shaft and the middle mounting shaft are transmission-connected via the left middle transmission pulley, and the middle mounting shaft and the right mounting shaft are transmission-connected via the right middle transmission pulley.

3. A classification and sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The blowing component includes a blower and an air outlet box, the blower is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the shell, the air outlet box is arranged inside the inclined conveyor belt, and both ends of the air outlet box are fixedly connected to the right mounting plate, the upper surface of the air outlet box is provided with air outlets distributed in a rectangular array, the blower and the air outlet box are connected by an air pipe, and the air outlet box is distributed between the left long-hair cylinder brush, the middle long-hair cylinder brush and the right long-hair cylinder brush.

4. A classification and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism includes a material receiving bin, a two-way auger and a quantitative rotating drum. The material receiving bin is fixedly installed between the left mounting plates, and a material receiving trough, a circular groove and a discharge port are respectively provided at the top, middle and bottom of the material receiving bin, and the material receiving trough, circular groove and discharge port are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The two-way auger and the quantitative rotating drum are respectively rotatably installed inside the material receiving trough and the circular groove, the outer wall of the quantitative rotating drum is tightly attached to the inner wall of the circular groove, and the outer wall surface of the quantitative rotating drum is evenly provided with material transport troughs, the two-way auger and the quantitative rotating drum are respectively fixedly installed with an auger shaft and a quantitative rotating shaft, the auger shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft both pass through the two end side walls of the material receiving bin and are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate, a material receiving motor is fixedly installed on the left mounting plate, the driving end of the material receiving motor is fixedly connected to the quantitative rotating shaft, and the auger shaft and the quantitative rotating shaft are connected through a material receiving pulley transmission.

5. A classification and sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism also includes a horizontal conveyor belt, which is arranged below the discharge port, and a discharge end of the horizontal conveyor belt is arranged above a feed end of the inclined conveyor belt, and the horizontal conveyor belt is installed on the left mounting plate.

6. A classification and sorting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism also includes a limiting roller, which is rotatably arranged on one side of the unloading end of the horizontal conveyor belt, and is close to the outer side of the horizontal conveyor belt. A limited shaft is fixedly installed on the limiting roller, and both ends of the limiting shaft are rotatably connected to the left mounting plate. Transmission gears are fixedly installed on the limiting shaft and the adjacent horizontal conveying rotating rod, and the two transmission gears are meshed with each other.

7. A classification and sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The receiving hopper is fixedly mounted on the shell through a spring, and a vibration motor is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the receiving hopper. The material discharge port of the receiving hopper extends to the top of the receiving trough.

8. A sorting method for recycling waste batteries, using a classification and sorting device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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