Wheel fine boring cutter bar structure and wheel fine boring hole machining method using the same

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of wheel production equipment, and specifically relates to a tool bar structure for wheel fine boring and a wheel fine boring hole machining method using the tool bar structure, which comprises a main shaft tool bar, wherein a turning tool mechanism is arranged on the main shaft tool bar; the turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool and a longitudinal turning tool arranged on the main shaft tool bar; the transverse turning tool is arranged along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar; and the longitudinal turning tool is arranged along a direction parallel to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar. The tool bar structure can reduce the turning frequency of the wheel and the tool piece changing frequency of the machine tool through the cooperation of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool. The tool bar structure with two turning tools can complete the machining of multiple parts of the wheel by using one tool bar, thereby greatly improving the machining efficiency. The cooperation of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool can realize the step-by-step machining of the hub hole, and further realize the fine boring of the hub hole.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of wheel production equipment, and particularly relates to a tool bar structure for wheel fine boring and a wheel fine hole boring machining method adopting the tool bar structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] In wheel manufacturing, wheel fine hole boring is particularly important because the precision and surface quality of the wheel directly affect the running safety of the train and the comfort of passengers.

[0003] With the rapid development of the rail transportation industry, the requirements for size and surface roughness are rapidly increasing. The size precision of the wheel fine hole boring can reach IT6-IT7, the surface roughness Ra value can reach 0.8-3.2 microns, and there are different shapes of chamfers or fillets on the inner and outer sides. The difficulty of batch processing is great, and the size stability control is difficult.

[0004] At present, in the production of fine boring wheels, there are three processes of rough, semi-fine and fine machining. In order to ensure product quality, the process concentration principle is adopted, and all processes from blank to finished product are completed on one machine tool. This method can stably control the processing quality, but the processing efficiency is low and the manufacturing cost is high.

[0005] Fine boring machining is the last process of wheel machining, and the quality of fine boring process will directly affect the quality of wheel machining.

[0006] The processing method of fine boring is generally adopted by the industry, and the process concentration or process processing method is adopted. The semi-fine and fine machining are completed on one machine tool, and the chamfer or fillet of the hole diameter and hole mouth is processed after turning over to process the chamfer or fillet of the other hole mouth. Artificial tool setting is required twice, and the fine boring size control also needs to rely on three coordinate process measurement. The process is complex, the flow is long, and the labor and equipment investment is high.

[0007] The existing patent 201911410684.1-wheel machining method does not explicitly disclose the technical content of solving the above technical problems.

[0008] Therefore, in order to improve at least one of the above problems, a new fine boring tool structure or a new machining method needs to be provided. SUMMARY

[0009] The purpose of the application is to provide a new tool bar structure which can realize the chamfering operation of the wheel hub hole at both ends without turning over the wheel.

[0010] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is:

[0011] A tool bar structure for wheel fine boring, comprising a main shaft tool bar, wherein the main shaft tool bar is provided with a tool mechanism;

[0012] The tool mechanism comprises a transverse tool and a longitudinal tool arranged on the main shaft tool bar;

[0013] The transverse tool is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar;

[0014] The longitudinal tool is arranged parallel to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar.

[0015] The transverse tool and the longitudinal tool are arranged eccentrically on the main shaft tool bar.

[0016] The tool mechanism further comprises a transverse tool slot and a longitudinal tool slot arranged on the main shaft tool bar; the transverse tool slot is used for mounting the transverse tool, and the longitudinal tool slot is used for mounting the longitudinal tool.

[0017] The transverse tool slot is connected with the longitudinal tool slot; the transverse tool slot is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal tool slot.

[0018] The main shaft tool bar is provided with a material reducing sink on the side surface, and is provided with a mounting hole arranged in the material reducing sink; the mounting hole is connected with the transverse tool slot or the longitudinal tool slot; and the mounting hole is provided with a fastening bolt used for fixing the transverse tool or the longitudinal tool.

[0019] A wheel precision boring hole machining method based on a wheel precision boring tool bar structure, the machining method comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: install the wheel precision boring tool bar structure on the machine tool tool rest, adjust the positions of the transverse tool and the longitudinal tool in the wheel precision boring tool bar structure, and connect the wheel to be machined to the machine tool main shaft;

[0021] Step 2: drive the wheel to rotate by the machine tool main shaft, and process the wheel hub hole of the wheel by the transverse tool and the longitudinal tool in the tool bar structure;

[0022] Step 3: after step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole of the wheel is completed.

[0023] In step 2, the transverse tool and the longitudinal tool can be used for processing the wheel hub hole of the wheel.

[0024] In step 2, the transverse tool is required to first perform rough machining on the wheel hub hole, then control the transverse tool to perform chamfering operation on the end of the wheel hub hole close to the machine tool main shaft, then control the longitudinal tool to perform chamfering operation on the end of the wheel hub hole away from the machine tool main shaft, and then perform fine machining on the inner wall of the wheel hub hole.

[0025] When the transverse tool is used for rough machining of the wheel hub hole, the single-side excess amount of the wheel hub hole rough machining is required to be not greater than 0.5 mm.

[0026] In step 2, when the transverse lathe tool and the longitudinal lathe tool respectively perform corresponding cutting operations, the rotation directions of the main shafts of the machine tools are opposite.

[0027] The present application has the advantages of:

[0028] The application discloses a tool bar structure for wheel fine boring and a wheel fine boring hole machining method adopting the tool bar structure.

[0029] The tool bar structure of the present application can reduce the wheel turning frequency and the machine tool blade changing frequency through the cooperation of the transverse lathe tool and the longitudinal lathe tool, the tool bar structure with two lathe tools can complete the machining of multiple parts of the wheel with one tool bar, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved; and the cooperation of the transverse lathe tool and the longitudinal lathe tool can realize the step-by-step machining of the hub hole, and further realize the fine boring of the hub hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The following briefly describes the content expressed by each drawing of the present application and the marks in the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the present application.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present application under two working conditions.

[0034] The marks in the above drawings are as follows:

[0035] 1-1, tool bar structure, 1, main shaft tool bar, 2, transverse lathe tool, 3, longitudinal lathe tool, 4, material reducing sink, 5, mounting hole, 1-2, wheel to be machined. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below by comparing the drawings and describing the optimal embodiments.

[0037] The utility model discloses a kind of tool bar structures for wheel fine boring, including main shaft tool bar 1, the tool bar mechanism is equipped on the main shaft tool bar 1;The tool bar mechanism includes transverse tool 2 and longitudinal tool 3 arranged on main shaft tool bar 1;The transverse tool 2 is arranged along perpendicular to the central axis of main shaft tool bar 1;The longitudinal tool 3 is arranged along parallel to the central axis of main shaft tool bar 1;Tool bar structure 1-1 of the utility model through the mutual cooperation of transverse tool 2 and longitudinal tool 3, wheel turning frequency and machine tool blade changing frequency can be reduced, the tool bar structure 1-1 of the utility model with two tools can complete the machining of multiple parts of wheel with one tool bar, greatly improve processing efficiency;And the mutual cooperation of transverse tool 2 and longitudinal tool 3 of the utility model can realize the step-by-step processing of hub hole, and then realize fine boring of hub hole.

[0038] The tool bar structure 1-1 disclosed by the utility model is mainly used with machine tool;Tool bar structure 1-1 is installed and connected on machine tool tool rest, machine tool spindle is connected with chuck, wheel is connected on machine tool spindle through chuck;Subsequently, the rotation of machine tool spindle drives the rotation of the wheel to be machined 1-2, so as to realize the machining operation of the wheel.

[0039] The tool bar structure 1-1 disclosed by the utility model mainly includes main shaft tool bar 1, and the main shaft tool bar 1 serves as a connecting piece, facilitating the installation and connection of the tool on the machine tool tool rest, and the tool bar mechanism is arranged on the main shaft tool bar 1 in the utility model.

[0040] In the utility model, the tool bar mechanism includes transverse tool 2 and longitudinal tool 3 arranged on main shaft tool bar 1;The transverse tool 2 is arranged along perpendicular to the central axis of main shaft tool bar 1;The longitudinal tool 3 is arranged along parallel to the central axis of main shaft tool bar 1;Based on such arrangement, the main shaft tool bar 1 disclosed by the utility model is provided with two tools in different directions;In subsequent use, the wheel does not need to be turned over, the transverse tool 2 can perform chamfering operation on the end of the hub hole close to the machine tool spindle by penetrating through the hub hole, and the longitudinal tool 3 can perform chamfering operation on the end of the hub hole away from the machine tool spindle, which can reduce the turning operation of the wheel during machining, reduce the labor intensity of the operator, and facilitate the machining operation of the wheel;At the same time, it can also avoid the trouble of recalibrating the tool when the wheel is turned over and the tool is changed.

[0041] Further, the transverse tool 2 and the longitudinal tool 3 are eccentrically arranged on the main shaft tool bar 1 in the utility model;Here, the reason for eccentric arrangement is that the transverse tool 2 needs to perform machining operation on the distal end of the hub hole without turning over the wheel in subsequent use;If the transverse tool 2 is not eccentrically arranged, the cutting edge of the transverse tool 2 will not be on the maximum arc of the rotation of the main shaft tool bar 1, which will affect the actual machining quality;In severe cases, machining may not be possible.

[0042] Meanwhile, it needs to be explained here that the transverse turning tool 2 is away from the side of the main shaft tool bar 1 axis perpendicular to the main shaft tool bar 1 axis, and the extension line of the turning tool edge of the transverse turning tool 2 intersects the main shaft tool bar 1 axis; in other words, from the top view, the extension line of the turning tool edge of the transverse turning tool 2 of the application passes through the center of the top view of the main shaft tool bar 1; such arrangement makes the turning tool edge have the largest running arc, ensuring the subsequent cutting quality.

[0043] And the longitudinal turning tool 3 is arranged to facilitate the installation of the longitudinal turning tool 3; ensure the installation and positioning of the longitudinal turning tool 3 and the transverse turning tool 2.

[0044] Further, in the application, the tool mechanism further comprises a transverse tool groove 21 and a longitudinal tool groove 31 arranged on the main shaft tool bar 1; the transverse tool groove 21 is used for installing the transverse turning tool 2, and the longitudinal tool groove 31 is used for installing the longitudinal turning tool 3; the arrangement of the transverse tool groove 21 and the longitudinal tool groove 31 facilitates the plug-in positioning of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 on the main shaft tool bar 1, the transverse tool groove 21 can limit the position of the transverse turning tool 2, and the longitudinal tool groove 31 can limit the position of the longitudinal turning tool 3, avoiding the shaking of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 during use.

[0045] Further, in the application, the transverse tool groove 21 and the longitudinal tool groove 31 are connected; the transverse tool groove 21 is perpendicular to the longitudinal tool groove 31; based on such arrangement, when the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 are installed, the longitudinal turning tool 3 can limit the end position of the transverse turning tool 2, play a mutual calibration role, and also ensure the stability of the lateral position of the transverse turning tool 2.

[0046] Further, in the application, the main shaft tool bar 1 side is provided with a material reducing sink 4, the main shaft tool bar 1 is provided with a mounting hole 5, the mounting hole 5 is arranged in the material reducing sink 4; the mounting hole 5 is connected with the transverse tool groove 21 or the longitudinal tool groove 31; the mounting hole 5 is provided with a fastening bolt for fixing the transverse turning tool 2 or the longitudinal turning tool 3; in the application, the material reducing sink 4 is arranged to reduce the weight of the tool bar structure 1-1, and in addition, the arrangement of the mounting hole 5 facilitates the insertion of the bolt, and the subsequent bolt is connected to the corresponding turning tool through the mounting hole 5, thereby realizing the fixing operation of the corresponding turning tool; at the same time, the application requires that the mounting hole 5 is arranged in the material reducing sink 4; this makes the main shaft tool bar 1 side have a sink, which can avoid the subsequent bolt or screw protruding from the main shaft tool bar 1 arrangement, and reduce the protrusion of the outer side of the main shaft tool bar 1.

[0047] A wheel fine boring hole machining method based on the tool bar structure 1-1 for wheel fine boring, the machining method comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: install the wheel fine boring tool bar structure 1-1 on the machine tool tool rest; and adjust the position of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 in the wheel fine boring tool bar structure 1-1; at the same time, connect the to-be-processed wheel 1-2 to the machine tool spindle; the machine tool spindle clamps and fixes the to-be-processed wheel 1-2 through the chuck;

[0049] Step 2: rotate the wheel 1-2 through the machine tool spindle, and the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 in the tool bar structure 1-1 process the wheel hub hole;

[0050] Step 3: after step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole is completed.

[0051] Through the above processing method, the wheel hub hole fine boring processing operation can be realized without turning the wheel over.

[0052] Further, in the step 2 of the present application, the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be used for processing the wheel hub hole; the transverse turning tool 2 of the present application is used for rough machining of the hub hole, and the longitudinal turning tool 3 is used for fine machining of the hub hole, and the cooperation of the two tools can reduce the wear rate of the longitudinal turning tool 3 and ensure the accuracy of the best fine machining.

[0053] Further, in the step 2 of the present application, the transverse turning tool 2 is required to first rough machine the wheel hub hole; then control the transverse turning tool 2 to chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole close to the machine tool spindle; then control the longitudinal turning tool 3 to chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole away from the machine tool spindle; and then fine machine the inner wall of the wheel hub hole; based on such a setting, it can be known that the cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 and the limitation of the processing procedure can well guarantee the processing quality of the wheel hub hole and significantly improve the processing efficiency of the wheel.

[0054] Further, in the present application, when the transverse turning tool 2 is used for rough machining of the wheel hub hole, it is required that the single-side allowance of the wheel hub hole rough machining is not greater than 0.5mm; based on such a setting, the wear rate of the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be reduced, and the service life of the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be improved.

[0055] Further, in the present application, in step 2, when the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 perform corresponding cutting operations respectively, the rotation directions of the machine tool main shafts are opposite; the reason for such arrangement is that each turning tool has a certain width, and the turning tool edge is on the single side of the corresponding turning tool; in order to avoid mutual interference during cutting, the turning tool edges of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 are arranged in opposite directions; in subsequent use, the single turning tool edge can be controlled to participate in work by controlling the rotation direction of the machine tool main shaft, thereby avoiding the problem of mutual influence of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3.

[0056] Meanwhile, in the present application, the tool bar structure 1-1 is not machined, that is, in the initial position, the turning tool edge of the longitudinal turning tool 3 is farther away from the wheel than the turning tool edge of the transverse turning tool 2; such arrangement makes the transverse turning tool 2 cut the hub hole close to the end of the machine tool main shaft, and the edge of the longitudinal turning tool 3 is equivalent to protruding outside the hub hole, thereby avoiding the problem of the participation of the longitudinal turning tool 3 in work; similarly, when the longitudinal turning tool 3 chamfers the other end of the hub hole, the transverse turning tool 2 is equivalent to being arranged in a spaced manner with the wheel; and also plays a good avoidance role.

[0057] Specifically:

[0058] The present application discloses a kind of tool bar structures 1-1 for wheel fine boring;Mainly include spindle tool bar 1, the spindle tool bar 1 is equipped with tool mechanism;The tool mechanism includes the transverse turning tool 2 and longitudinal turning tool 3 arranged on the spindle tool bar 1;Transverse turning tool 2 and longitudinal turning tool 3 are connected on the spindle tool bar 1 by bolt or screw.

[0059] In the present application, longitudinal tool groove 31 can be designed as needed, which can be a 25mm*25mm straight groove, corresponding to 25mm*25mm and 25mm*32mm turning tools.

[0060] Similarly, transverse tool groove 21 can also be designed as above size;Of course, other sizes can be selected as needed.

[0061] In addition, in the present application, two turning tools are arranged on the spindle tool bar 1, and the transverse tool groove 21 is arranged at the bottom of the spindle tool bar 1, which is equivalent to a hollow side of the transverse tool groove 21;Such arrangement facilitates the installation and disassembly of the transverse turning tool 2;And further facilitates the replacement operation of the transverse turning tool 2.

[0062] In actual use, each turning tool is fixed on the spindle tool bar 1 by three locking screws to ensure the stability of the corresponding turning tool installation.

[0063] Meanwhile, in the present application, the spindle tool bar 1 can be provided with a cutting fluid channel or some weight reduction design to improve the stability, machining effect and service life of the fine boring hole tool overall structure.

[0064] In the process of wheel fine boring, the left tool position, that is, the transverse tool groove 21 can be transversely installed with the left-biased DNMG turning tool for processing fine boring semi-finishing and lower chamfer or round corner, and the right tool position, that is, the longitudinal tool groove 31 can be vertically installed with the right-biased CNMG or DNMG turning tool for processing fine boring finishing, oil groove and upper chamfer or round corner.

[0065] The present application can be processed once without changing the tool and without separating the process through the cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3.

[0066] Meanwhile, the semi-finishing and finishing operation on the inner wall of the hub hole can improve the machining precision and the tool life of the finishing tool.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] Embodiment of processing wheel fine boring and chamfer or round corner on both sides.

[0069] In the process of processing wheel fine boring, the left tool position can be transversely installed with the left-biased DNMG turning tool for processing fine boring semi-finishing oil groove and lower chamfer or round corner 7.

[0070] The machine tool spindle is reversed, the fine boring semi-finishing is processed first, leaving a single side 0.5mm allowance, then the oil groove and the lower chamfer or round corner are processed, the lower chamfer or round corner is not left allowance, and is directly processed in place, and attention should be paid to being consistent with the fine boring parameters, otherwise the tool rest is easy to be connected, the right tool position can be vertically installed with the right-biased CNMG or DNMG turning tool for processing fine boring finishing and upper chamfer or round corner, the machine tool spindle is forward rotated, the upper chamfer or round corner can be processed first, then the fine boring is directly processed, the machining is processed once without changing the tool and without separating the process, the tool error is reduced, the semi-finishing and the finishing are separated by two turning tools, the machining precision is improved, and the tool life of the finishing tool is improved.

[0071] The tool bar structure 1-1 disclosed by the present application can process different turning structures through the cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3, through the structure analysis of the wheel fine boring, one tool bar structure 1-1 can complete the fine boring, oil groove and upper and lower chamfer or round corner processing.

[0072] According to the structure of the wheel fine boring, the process arrangement is as follows: the left tool processes semi-fine boring and lower chamfer / round corner and oil groove, and the right tool processes upper chamfer / round corner and fine boring.

[0073] When batch processing, changing the tool has a great influence on the stability of the fine boring, the present application can very stably complete the control of the fine boring size and roughness, and simultaneously complete the processing of the positive and negative chamfer or round corner.

[0074] The number of wheel turning and blade changing is reduced, and multiple parts are normally machined by dividing processes, semi-finish and finish machining are completed on one machine tool, after machining hole diameter and hole chamfer or round corner, the other side hole chamfer or round corner is machined by turning, and manual tool setting is needed twice, the multiple part machining is completed by one tool bar structure 1-1 of the application, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved.

[0075] Obviously, the specific implementation of the present application is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various non-essential improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solutions of the present application, they are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tool bar structure for wheel fine boring, characterized in that: The main shaft tool bar is provided with a turning tool mechanism; The turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool and a longitudinal turning tool arranged on the main shaft tool bar; The transverse turning tool is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar; The longitudinal turning tool is arranged parallel to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar; The transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool are arranged eccentrically on the main shaft tool bar; The turning tool mechanism further comprises a transverse tool slot and a longitudinal tool slot arranged on the main shaft tool bar; the transverse tool slot is used for mounting the transverse turning tool, and the longitudinal tool slot is used for mounting the longitudinal turning tool; The transverse tool slot and the longitudinal tool slot are in communication; the transverse tool slot is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal tool slot; The main shaft tool bar is provided with a material reducing sink on the side surface, and is provided with a mounting hole arranged in the material reducing sink; the mounting hole is in communication with the transverse tool slot or the longitudinal tool slot; the mounting hole is provided with a fastening bolt used for fixing the transverse turning tool or the longitudinal turning tool; The wheel fine boring hole machining method using the wheel fine boring tool bar structure comprises the following steps: Step 1: install the wheel fine boring tool bar structure on the machine tool tool rest, adjust the positions of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the wheel fine boring tool bar structure, and connect the wheel to be machined to the machine tool spindle; Step 2: drive the wheel to rotate through the machine tool spindle, and process the wheel hub hole through the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the tool bar structure; Both the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool can be used for processing the wheel hub hole; First, the transverse turning tool is used for rough machining the wheel hub hole; then, the transverse turning tool is controlled to chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole close to the machine tool spindle; then, the longitudinal turning tool is controlled to chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole away from the machine tool spindle; and then, the inner wall of the wheel hub hole is finely machined; When the transverse turning tool is used for rough machining the wheel hub hole, the rough machining single-side allowance of the wheel hub hole is required to be not greater than 0.5 mm; When the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool are used for corresponding cutting operations respectively, the rotation directions of the machine tool spindle are opposite Step 3: after step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole is completed.

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