Efficient braking device for vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient braking device for a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of automobile braking, the efficient braking device comprises tire bodies, the tire bodies are connected through a wheel axle, a brake disc is fixedly mounted on the wheel axle, and an efficient braking mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the wheel axle. The efficient brake mechanisms are arranged on the two sides of the brake disc fixedly installed on the wheel shaft, and effective braking of the brake disc fixedly installed on the tire body is facilitated. Therefore, the technical problems that in the prior art, in the manned driving mode and the unmanned driving mode, one set of brake master cylinder and one set of brake pipeline are used respectively, the number of pipelines is too large, the structure is complex, and cost is high are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automobile braking, in particular to a vehicle high-efficiency braking device. Background Art

[0002] The braking system is a necessary system for vehicle safety. The braking system is a series of special devices on the car that allow the outside world (mainly the road surface) to exert a certain force on certain parts of the car (mainly the wheels), thereby forcing it to brake to a certain extent. The function of the braking system is to force the moving car to slow down or even stop according to the driver's requirements; to make the stopped car park stably under various road conditions (including on ramps); and to keep the speed of the car driving downhill stable. The brake device generates friction between the brake pads and the wheel drum or disc, and converts the kinetic energy of the car when it is driving into heat energy and consumes it during the friction process. Common brake devices are of two types: "drum brakes" and "disc brakes".

[0003] In the existing technology, for example, the brake system provided by the patent with publication number CN104192112A uses a set of brake master cylinders and brake pipes in the manned driving mode and the unmanned driving mode respectively. This method has too many pipes, a complex structure and high cost. Therefore, in view of the above situation, it is urgent to develop a vehicle efficient braking device to overcome the shortcomings in current practical applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a vehicle efficient braking device to solve the technical problems raised by the above background technology: in the prior art, a set of brake master cylinder and brake pipes are used respectively in the manned driving mode and the unmanned driving mode, and this method has too many pipes, a complex structure and high cost.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention discloses a vehicle efficient braking device, comprising: a tire body, the tire body is connected through an axle, a brake disc is fixedly mounted on the axle, and an efficient braking mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the axle.

[0006] Preferably, the high-efficiency braking mechanism includes: a brake caliper housing, which is movably connected to the wheel axle through a support plate, and the brake caliper housing is arranged between the brake discs, and two groups of hydraulic chambers are arranged at both ends of the brake caliper housing, the two groups of hydraulic chambers are connected by a connecting channel, and a piston is slidably connected to the hydraulic chamber left and right, a first brake pad is fixedly installed at one end of the piston close to the brake disc, the hydraulic chamber at the right end is connected to a brake fluid pipe, brake fluid is arranged in the hydraulic chamber, and the brake fluid pipe is connected to the hydraulic system.

[0007] Preferably, the brake disc is also connected to a brake disc heat dissipation structure, and the brake disc heat dissipation structure is composed of built-in heat pipes and heat dissipation fins to accelerate heat dissipation.

[0008] Preferably, the first brake pad is made of a composite material that is resistant to high temperatures, has a high friction coefficient and is low in noise.

[0009] Preferably, the composite material of the first brake pad comprises: a mixture of ceramic fiber, graphite and metal powder to improve wear resistance and high temperature resistance.

[0010] Preferably, the efficient braking mechanism is also electrically connected to a control system, and the control system is integrated with sensors, processors and actuators for monitoring parameters such as vehicle speed and braking requirements, and controlling the action of the hydraulic system according to a preset algorithm to achieve precise braking.

[0011] Preferably, the control system also includes an interface connected to the vehicle driving data bus to obtain vehicle speed, acceleration, and brake pedal position information in real time.

[0012] Preferably, the control system further comprises: a fault self-detection and alarm system for promptly notifying the driver when a fault occurs in the braking system and taking corresponding safety measures.

[0013] Preferably, an emergency braking mechanism is also provided at the top of the wheel axle, and the emergency braking mechanism comprises: a connecting rod, the top of the connecting rod is connected to the vehicle body, and a control box is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the connecting rod, a two-way drive motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top end of the control box, and one end of a threaded rod is fixedly installed at the output end of the two-way drive motor, the other end of the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the control box, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve, and a slider is fixedly installed at the top of the threaded sleeve, the top of the slider is slidably connected in a slide groove provided at the top of the control box, and a short rod is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the threaded sleeve, and a movable plate is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the short rod, and a second brake pad is fixedly installed on the end of the movable plate close to the brake disc, and the control box is connected to the brake caliper housing through a support plate.

[0014] Preferably, the vehicle efficient braking device further comprises: A first temperature sensor, used to detect the boundary temperature of the brake disc; A second temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of the surrounding fluid air; An alarm and a controller, wherein the alarm and the controller are electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm; The controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, including the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the conversion factor of the brake disc thermal radiation coefficient into the convection heat transfer coefficient based on formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor.

[0015] (1); in is the Prandtl number of air, is the thermal conductivity of air, is the kinematic viscosity of air, is the radius of the brake disc, is the angular velocity of the brake disc, is the emissivity of the brake disc, is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the circumference of the brake disc; Step 2: Calculate the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc according to the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc Compared with the preset thermal fatigue life range, when the actual thermal fatigue life is higher than the preset thermal fatigue life range, the controller controls the alarm to sound: (2); in is the fatigue life constant, is the linear expansion coefficient, Fatigue endurance limit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A front view of the structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle part of the device.

[0018] Reference numerals: Tire body; 2. Wheel axle; 3. Brake disc; 4. Brake caliper housing; 5. Support plate; 6. Hydraulic chamber; 7. Connecting channel; 8. Piston; 9. First brake pad; 10. Brake fluid pipe; 11. Connecting rod; 12. Control box; 13. Bidirectional drive motor; 14. Threaded rod; 15. Threaded sleeve; 16. Slider; 17. Slide; 18. Short rod; 19. Moving plate; 20. Second brake pad. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] In addition, in the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and do not specifically refer to the order or sequence, nor are they used to limit the present invention. They are only used to distinguish components or operations described with the same technical terms, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions and technical features between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0021] The present invention provides the following embodiments Example 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle high-efficiency braking device, such as Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle efficient braking device comprises: a tire body 1, wherein the tire body 1 is connected via a wheel axle 2, a brake disc 3 is fixedly mounted on the wheel axle 2, and a high-efficiency braking mechanism is arranged at the bottom end of the wheel axle 2.

[0022] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that the present invention is conducive to effectively braking the brake disc 3 fixedly mounted on the tire body 1 by arranging efficient braking mechanisms on both sides of the brake disc 3 fixedly mounted on the wheel axle 2. This effectively improves the technical problem raised by the background technology that in the existing technology, a set of brake master cylinders and brake pipes are used in the manned driving mode and the unmanned driving mode respectively, which has too many pipes, a complex structure and a high cost.

[0023] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, Figure 1 As shown, a vehicle efficient braking device, the efficient braking mechanism includes: a brake caliper housing 4, the brake caliper housing 4 is movably connected to the wheel axle 2 through a support plate 5, and the brake caliper housing 4 is arranged between the brake discs 3, and two groups of hydraulic chambers 6 are arranged at both ends of the brake caliper housing 4, the two groups of hydraulic chambers 6 are connected by a connecting channel 7, and a piston 8 is connected to the hydraulic chamber 6 for sliding left and right, and a first brake pad 9 is fixedly installed at one end of the piston 8 close to the brake disc 3, and the hydraulic chamber 6 at the right end is connected to a brake fluid pipe 10, and brake fluid is arranged in the hydraulic chamber 6, and the brake fluid pipe 10 is connected to the hydraulic system.

[0024] Optionally, the brake disc 3 is also connected to a brake disc heat dissipation structure, which is composed of built-in heat pipes and heat dissipation fins.

[0025] Optionally, the first brake pad 9 is made of a composite material that is resistant to high temperatures, has a high friction coefficient and is low in noise.

[0026] Optionally, the composite material of the first brake pad 9 includes: a mixture of ceramic fiber, graphite and metal powder.

[0027] Optionally, the high-efficiency braking mechanism is also electrically connected to a control system, and the control system is integrated with a sensor, a processor and an actuator.

[0028] Optionally, the control system also includes an interface connected to the vehicle driving data bus to obtain vehicle speed, acceleration, and brake pedal position information in real time.

[0029] Optionally, the control system further includes: a fault self-detection and alarm system for promptly notifying the driver when a fault occurs in the braking system and taking corresponding safety measures.

[0030] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the tire body 1 needs to be braked, the hydraulic system is first controlled by the control system to start, and then the hydraulic system transports the brake fluid to the hydraulic chamber 6 through the brake fluid pipe 10, and then the brake fluid drives the piston 8 in the hydraulic chamber 6 to drive the pistons 8 at both ends to approach the brake disc 3, so that the first brake pad 9 is close to the brake disc 3, and the brake disc 3 is braked; High braking efficiency: by providing the first brake pad 9, it is beneficial to improve the overall braking efficiency of the braking system and shorten the braking distance; Good stability: by using the first brake pad 9 with a composite material that is resistant to high temperature, has a high friction coefficient and has low noise, it is beneficial to improve wear resistance, ensure the stability of the braking effect, and reduce the degradation of braking performance caused by thermal decay; by setting a brake disc heat dissipation structure, it is beneficial to accelerate the dissipation of heat; by integrating sensors, processors and actuators in the control system, it is beneficial to monitor parameters such as vehicle speed and braking requirements, and control the action of the hydraulic system according to a preset algorithm to achieve precise braking; by setting a fault self-detection and alarm system, it is beneficial to promptly notify the driver when a fault occurs in the braking system, and take corresponding safety measures, which is very convenient and practical.

[0031] Example 3 On the basis of Example 1-2, Figure 2 As shown, a vehicle efficient braking device, the top of the wheel axle 2 is also provided with an emergency braking mechanism, the emergency braking mechanism comprises: a connecting rod 11, the top of the connecting rod 11 is connected to the vehicle body, and the bottom of the connecting rod 11 is fixedly installed with a control box 12, a two-way drive motor 13 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the top of the control box 12, and the output end of the two-way drive motor 13 is fixedly installed with one end of a threaded rod 14, the other end of the threaded rod 14 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the control box 12, and the threaded rod 14 is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve 15, and a slider 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded sleeve 15, the top of the slider 16 is slidably connected in a slide groove 17 provided at the top of the control box 12, and a short rod 18 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the threaded sleeve 15, and a movable plate 19 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the short rod 18, and a second brake pad 20 is fixedly installed on one end of the movable plate 19 close to the brake disc 3, and the control box 12 is connected to the brake caliper housing 4 through a support plate 5.

[0032] The working principle and beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: when the high-efficiency braking mechanism fails, the emergency braking mechanism is started, so that the bidirectional driving motor 13 is started, and the bidirectional driving motor 13 is started to drive the threaded rod 14 to rotate, and the rotation of the threaded rod 14 drives the threaded sleeve 15 threadedly connected thereto to move in the slide groove 17 toward the brake disc 3, thereby making the movable plate 19 fixedly connected to the short rod 18 move until the second brake pad 20 moves onto the brake disc 3, thereby performing emergency braking on the brake disc 3, and reversing the bidirectional driving motor 13 after the braking is completed, so that the second brake pad 20 is away from the brake disc 3; by setting the bidirectional driving motor 13, it is beneficial to realize automatic braking of the brake disc 3; by setting the threaded rod 14 and the threaded sleeve 15, it is beneficial to realize the left and right movement of the movable plate 19 and the second brake pad 20, thereby effectively braking the brake disc 3, which is very convenient and practical.

[0033] Example 4 On the basis of embodiments 1-3, the vehicle efficient braking device further includes: A first temperature sensor, used to detect the boundary temperature of the brake disc 3; A second temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of the surrounding fluid air; An alarm and a controller, wherein the alarm and the controller are electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm; The controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, including the following steps: Step 1: According to formula (1), the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, calculate the conversion factor of the thermal radiation coefficient of the brake disc 3 into the convection heat transfer coefficient

[0034] (1); in is the Prandtl number of air, is the thermal conductivity of air, is the kinematic viscosity of air, is the radius of the brake disc 3, is the angular velocity of the brake disc 3, is the emissivity of the brake disc 3, is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the circumference of the brake disc 3; Step 2: Calculate the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc 3 according to the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc 3 Compared with the preset thermal fatigue life range, when the actual thermal fatigue life is higher than the preset thermal fatigue life range, the controller controls the alarm to sound: (2); in is the fatigue life constant, is the linear expansion coefficient (a physical quantity that characterizes the change of an object's length with temperature, with a value range of (0.5~15)×10-6K-1), Fatigue endurance limit.

[0035] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is as follows: the controller calculates the conversion factor of the thermal radiation coefficient of the brake disc 3 into the convection heat transfer coefficient based on the formula (1), the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, and comprehensively considers the Prandtl number of air, the thermal conductivity of air, the kinematic viscosity of air, the radius of the brake disc 3, the angular velocity of the brake disc 3, the emissivity of the brake disc 3, the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, and the circumference of the brake disc 3, so that the calculation result is more accurate and reliable; Then, according to formula (2), fatigue life constant, linear expansion coefficient, and fatigue endurance limit, the actual thermal fatigue life is calculated, making the calculation result more accurate and reliable; The controller compares the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc 3 with the preset thermal fatigue life range. When the actual thermal fatigue life is higher than the preset thermal fatigue life range, the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm, thereby reminding the staff to promptly inspect or replace the first brake pad 9 and the second brake pad 20, thereby meeting the user's demand for this type of vehicle high-efficiency braking device.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle efficient braking device, characterized in that: include: A tire body (1), the tire body (1) being connected via a wheel axle (2), a brake disc (3) being fixedly mounted on the wheel axle (2), and a high-efficiency braking mechanism being arranged at the bottom end of the wheel axle (2).

2. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that The high-efficiency braking mechanism comprises: a brake caliper housing (4), the brake caliper housing (4) is movably connected to the wheel axle (2) through a support plate (5), and the brake caliper housing (4) is arranged between the brake discs (3), and two groups of hydraulic chambers (6) are arranged at both ends of the brake caliper housing (4), the two groups of hydraulic chambers (6) are connected through a connecting channel (7), and a piston (8) is slidably connected to the hydraulic chamber (6) from left to right, and a first brake pad (9) is fixedly installed at one end of the piston (8) close to the brake disc (3), and the hydraulic chamber (6) at the right end is connected to a brake fluid pipe (10), and brake fluid is arranged in the hydraulic chamber (6), and the brake fluid pipe (10) is connected to a hydraulic system.

3. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that The brake disc (3) is also connected to a brake disc heat dissipation structure, which is composed of built-in heat pipes and heat dissipation fins to accelerate heat dissipation.

4. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first brake pad (9) is made of a composite material that is resistant to high temperatures, has a high friction coefficient and is low in noise.

5. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The composite material of the first brake pad (9) comprises a mixture of ceramic fibers, graphite and metal powder to improve wear resistance and high temperature resistance.

6. A vehicle efficient braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The efficient braking mechanism is also electrically connected to a control system, and the control system is integrated with sensors, processors and actuators for monitoring parameters such as vehicle speed and braking requirements, and controlling the action of the hydraulic system according to a preset algorithm to achieve precise braking.

7. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system also includes an interface connected to the vehicle driving data bus to obtain vehicle speed, acceleration, and brake pedal position information in real time.

8. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system also includes: a fault self-checking and alarm system, which is used to promptly notify the driver when a fault occurs in the braking system and take corresponding safety measures.

9. A vehicle high-efficiency braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the wheel axle (2) is also provided with an emergency brake mechanism, the emergency brake mechanism comprising: a connecting rod (11), the top end of the connecting rod (11) is connected to the vehicle body, and the bottom end of the connecting rod (11) is fixedly mounted with a control box (12), a bidirectional drive motor (13) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the top end of the control box (12), and one end of a threaded rod (14) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the bidirectional drive motor (13), the other end of the threaded rod (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the control box (12), and the threaded rod (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the control box (12), and the threaded rod (14) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the bidirectional drive motor (13). The threaded sleeve (15) is threadedly connected, and a slider (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded sleeve (15), and the top of the slider (16) is slidably connected in a slide groove (17) provided on the top of the control box (12), and a short rod (18) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the threaded sleeve (15), and a movable plate (19) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the short rod (18), and a second brake pad (20) is fixedly installed on one end of the movable plate (19) close to the brake disc (3), and the control box (12) is connected to the brake caliper housing (4) through a support plate (5).

10. The vehicle efficient braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first temperature sensor, used to detect a boundary temperature of the brake disc (3); A second temperature sensor, used to detect the temperature of the surrounding fluid air; An alarm and a controller, wherein the alarm and the controller are electrically connected to the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the alarm; The controller controls the alarm to work based on the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor, including the following steps: Step 1: Calculate the conversion factor of the thermal radiation coefficient of the brake disc (3) into the convection heat transfer coefficient according to formula (1) and the detection values ​​of the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor. （1）； in is the Prandtl number of air, is the thermal conductivity of air, is the kinematic viscosity of air, is the radius of the brake disc (3), is the angular velocity of the brake disc (3), is the emissivity of the brake disc (3), is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, is the detection value of the first temperature sensor, is the detection value of the second temperature sensor, is the circumference of the brake disc (3); Step 2: Calculate the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc (3) using the following formula (2): , the controller compares the actual thermal fatigue life of the brake disc (3) Compared with the preset thermal fatigue life range, when the actual thermal fatigue life is higher than the preset thermal fatigue life range, the controller controls the alarm to sound: （2）； in is the fatigue life constant, is the linear expansion coefficient, Fatigue endurance limit.

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