Anti-slip tile and preparation method thereof
Through the three-layer structure design and the optimization of raw material ratio, the problem of poor anti-slip effect of existing anti-slip tiles under wet conditions is solved, the anti-slip performance and wear resistance are improved, and the waste reuse and cost reduction are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411417416.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-05
- Estimated Expiration
- 2044-10-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing anti-slip tiles have a single structure design, which is difficult to effectively improve anti-slip performance while maintaining their beauty. The raw material ratio is not targeted, resulting in poor performance of the tiles, especially in wet conditions, with low static friction coefficient and poor anti-slip effect.
The three-layer structural design is adopted, including the blank layer, the anti-slip layer and the anti-slip layer. The specific raw material ratio and process are used to form an anti-slip texture in combination with sandblasting or embossing process. Polished brick waste slag is used as the anti-slip layer raw material, and glass powder is added to improve the gloss and wear resistance of the glaze.
It enhances the anti-slip performance and wear resistance of ceramic tiles, especially in humid environments, reduces production costs and realizes waste reuse, and ensures the stability and consistency of ceramic tiles.
Smart Images
Figure CN119263772B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, and in particular to an anti-slip ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] The design principle of anti-slip tiles is mainly based on the mechanical bite and vacuum adsorption principles in physics. By forming a macro or micro uneven structure on the surface of the tile, when the sole contacts the tile surface and applies pressure, this structure can produce a mechanical bite effect with the sole, and at the same time use the vacuum adsorption effect to enhance the friction between the tile and the sole, thereby achieving an anti-slip effect.
[0003] The existing anti-slip ceramic tiles have a simple structural design and adopt a simple single-layer or double-layer structure, which makes it difficult to effectively improve the anti-slip performance while maintaining aesthetics. At the same time, in the preparation process of existing ceramic tiles, the ratio of raw materials often lacks targeted optimization, resulting in the basic skeleton and performance of the ceramic tile body being less than ideal, and the dispersion, adhesion and fluidity of the raw materials being poor, affecting the yield and quality of the product; in addition, due to deficiencies in raw material selection and structural design, existing ceramic tiles often find it difficult to meet high standards in terms of anti-slip performance, especially under wet conditions, where the static friction coefficient of the ceramic tiles is low, resulting in poor anti-slip effect. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an anti-slip tile and a preparation method thereof.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] An anti-slip tile comprises a body layer, an anti-slip layer and a slip-resistant layer which are stacked in sequence;
[0007] The green body layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of lime, 5-10 parts of limestone powder, 18-22 parts of tile adhesive, 18-20 parts of river sand or yellow sand, 8-12 parts of lithium porcelain stoneware, 2.1-3.5 parts of suspending agent, 1-2 parts of bentonite and 0.9-1.5 parts of sodium silicate;
[0008] The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of quartz powder, 12-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of silicon carbide and 2-4 parts of magnesium oxide;
[0009] The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polished tile waste, 2-4 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-2 parts of sodium oxide, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide and 0.5-1 part of iron oxide.
[0010] Preferably, the polishing brick waste residue is the waste powder ground off when polishing the polishing brick, which is obtained by crushing, grinding, and then screening through a sieve.
[0011] Preferably, the anti-slip layer further comprises 0.1-0.5 parts of glass powder to increase the glossiness and wear resistance of the glaze.
[0012] A method for preparing anti-slip tiles comprises the following steps:
[0013] Step (1) Preparation of green body layer:
[0014] Mix lime, limestone powder, tile mortar, river sand or yellow sand, lithium porcelain stone, suspending agent, bentonite and sodium silicate in a formula ratio, grind them into fine powder using a ball mill, sieve them to obtain a uniform green body powder, use a mold to press the green body powder into a green body layer, and dry it to a moisture content of 0.2-0.4% for later use;
[0015] Step (2) Preparation of anti-skid layer and anti-skid layer glaze slurry:
[0016] Quartz stone powder, potassium feldspar, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and magnesium oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.5-1.8g / mL.
[0017] Polishing tile waste, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and the ingredients are evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.4-1.9g / mL.
[0018] Step (3) Glazing and firing:
[0019] Spray or print a layer of anti-slip glaze slurry evenly on the surface of the dry body layer, with a glaze amount of 200-250g / m 2 After the anti-slip layer of the blank is dry, spray or print the anti-slip glaze slurry evenly on the surface of the anti-slip layer. The glaze amount is 150-200g / m 2 , forming a ceramic tile body;
[0020] The glazed ceramic tile body is sent into the kiln for firing to ensure that the glaze layer and the ceramic tile body are tightly bonded. After firing, it is cooled, edged, and graded to obtain the finished anti-slip ceramic tile.
[0021] Preferably, in step (2) of preparing the anti-skid layer and the anti-slip layer glaze slurry, 0.1-0.3 parts of an anti-settling agent is added to the anti-skid layer glaze slurry to prevent the glaze slurry from stratifying during storage and use.
[0022] Preferably, during the glazing and firing step (3), a sandblasting or embossing process is used to form an anti-slip texture on the surface of the anti-slip layer glaze slurry to improve the anti-slip effect.
[0023] Preferably, in step (3) of glazing and firing, the temperature in the kiln is controlled to be 1150-1250°C and maintained for 30 minutes to 2 hours to ensure that the glaze layer and the body layer are fully combined.
[0024] Preferably, after the glazing and firing in step (3) are completed, the surface of the anti-slip ceramic tiles is polished to improve the surface smoothness and aesthetics.
[0025] Preferably, the glaze amount of the anti-slip layer glaze is 200-250g / m 2 .
[0026] Preferably, the glaze amount of the anti-slip layer glaze is 150-200g / m 2 .
[0027] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention can enhance the anti-slip performance of ceramic tiles by designing a three-layer structure and optimizing the raw material ratio and preparation process. Ceramic tile mortar, river sand or yellow sand, lithium porcelain stone and other raw materials are used to form the basic skeleton and performance of the ceramic tile body. Suspending agents, bentonite and sodium silicate improve the dispersibility, adhesion and fluidity of the raw materials, ensuring that the ceramic tile body has good process performance during the molding process; lime is used in the ceramic tile body to adjust the chemical composition, enhance adhesion and improve physical properties, and limestone powder is used as a filler or reinforcing agent; the anti-slip layer is composed of raw materials such as quartz stone powder, potassium feldspar, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and magnesium oxide, which have good wear resistance, hardness and anti-slip performance; the anti-slip layer is composed of raw materials such as polishing tile waste, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide, which can form stable compounds in the glaze layer, thereby improving the anti-slip performance and aesthetics of the ceramic tile.
[0028] 2. The present invention introduces high-efficiency anti-slip materials such as silicon carbide into the anti-slip layer, and combines sandblasting or embossing technology to form an anti-slip texture on the glaze surface, thereby effectively increasing the friction coefficient of the tile surface, so that it can have a good anti-slip effect even in a humid environment.
[0029] 3. The present invention can enhance the glossiness of the glaze surface, improve the wear resistance of the tile and extend its service life by adding glass powder to the anti-slip layer.
[0030] 4. The present invention uses polishing brick waste as the main raw material of the anti-slip layer, which not only reduces production costs but also realizes waste recycling, reduces environmental pollution and waste of resources.
[0031] 5. The present invention ensures the stability and consistency of tile quality by controlling parameters such as the raw material ratio, glaze application amount and firing temperature during the preparation process, ensures the close bonding between the glaze layer and the body layer, and helps to improve the overall performance of the anti-slip tiles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of the method for preparing the anti-slip tiles used in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The present invention provides a non-slip tile and a method for preparing the same. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0034] The present invention provides an anti-slip tile, comprising a body layer, an anti-slip layer, and a slip-resistant layer stacked in sequence; the body layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of lime, 5-10 parts of limestone powder, 18-22 parts of tile mortar, 18-20 parts of river sand or yellow sand, 8-12 parts of lithium porcelain stoneware, 2.1-3.5 parts of a suspending agent, 1-2 parts of bentonite, and 0.9-1.5 parts of sodium silicate;
[0035] The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of quartz powder, 12-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of silicon carbide and 2-4 parts of magnesium oxide;
[0036] The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polished tile waste, 2-4 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-2 parts of sodium oxide, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide and 0.5-1 part of iron oxide.
[0037] The polishing brick waste residue is waste powder ground off when polishing the polishing bricks, which is obtained by crushing, grinding, and then screening through a sieve.
[0038] The anti-slip layer also includes 0.1-0.5 parts of glass powder to increase the glossiness and wear resistance of the glaze.
[0039] A method for preparing anti-slip tiles, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:
[0040] Step (1) Preparation of green body layer:
[0041] Mix lime, limestone powder, tile mortar, river sand or yellow sand, lithium porcelain stone, suspending agent, bentonite and sodium silicate in a formula ratio, grind them into fine powder using a ball mill, sieve them to obtain a uniform green body powder, use a mold to press the green body powder into a green body layer, and dry it to a moisture content of 0.2-0.4% for later use;
[0042] Step (2) Preparation of anti-skid layer and anti-skid layer glaze slurry:
[0043] Quartz stone powder, potassium feldspar, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and magnesium oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and the ingredients are evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-skid layer glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.5-1.8 g / mL. 0.1-0.3 parts of an anti-settling agent are added to the anti-skid layer glaze slurry as needed to prevent the glaze slurry from stratifying during storage and use;
[0044] Polishing tile waste, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and the ingredients are evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.4-1.9g / mL.
[0045] Step (3) Glazing and firing:
[0046] Spray or print a layer of anti-slip glaze slurry evenly on the surface of the dry body layer, with a glaze amount of 200-250g / m 2 , use sandblasting or embossing technology to form anti-slip texture on the surface of the anti-slip layer glaze to improve the anti-slip effect. After the anti-slip layer surface of the blank is dry, spray or print the anti-slip layer glaze evenly on the surface of the anti-slip layer. The glaze amount is 150-200g / m 2 , forming a ceramic tile body;
[0047] The glazed ceramic tile body is sent into the kiln for firing. The temperature in the kiln is controlled at 1150-1250℃ and maintained for 30min-2h to ensure that the glaze layer and the body layer are tightly combined. After firing, it is cooled, edged, and graded to obtain the finished anti-slip ceramic tile. The surface of the anti-slip ceramic tile is polished.
[0048] Example 1: A method for preparing a non-slip tile comprises the following steps:
[0049] Step (1) Preparation of green body layer:
[0050] 20 parts of lime, 8 parts of limestone powder, 20 parts of tile mortar, 19 parts of river sand, 10 parts of lithium porcelain stone, 2.8 parts of suspending agent, 1.5 parts of bentonite and 1.2 parts of sodium silicate were mixed evenly, finely ground by a ball mill, sieved to obtain a uniform green body powder, and the green body powder was pressed into shape using a mold to obtain a green body layer green body, and dried to a moisture content of 0.3% for later use;
[0051] Step (2) Preparation of anti-skid layer and anti-skid layer glaze slurry:
[0052] 23 parts of quartz powder, 14 parts of potassium feldspar, 7 parts of aluminum oxide, 6 parts of silicon carbide, 3 parts of magnesium oxide, and 0.3 parts of glass powder were mixed evenly, finely ground by a ball mill, and sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip layer glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.6 g / mL. 0.2 parts of an anti-settling agent was added to the anti-slip layer glaze slurry;
[0053] 12 parts of polished tile waste, 3 parts of aluminum oxide, 1.5 parts of sodium oxide, 1.5 parts of zinc oxide and 0.8 parts of iron oxide were mixed evenly, finely ground by a ball mill, and sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.6 g / mL;
[0054] Step (3) Glazing and firing:
[0055] Spray a layer of anti-slip glaze slurry evenly on the surface of the dry body layer, with a glaze amount of 220g / m 2 Use sandblasting or embossing technology to form anti-slip texture on the surface of the anti-slip layer glaze. After the anti-slip layer surface of the blank is dry, spray the anti-slip layer glaze evenly on the surface of the anti-slip layer. The glaze amount is 170g / m 2 , forming a ceramic tile body;
[0056] The glazed ceramic tile body is sent into the kiln for firing. The temperature in the kiln is controlled at 1200℃ and maintained for 1 hour to ensure that the glaze layer and the body layer are tightly combined. After firing, it is cooled, edged, and graded to obtain the finished anti-slip ceramic tile, and the surface of the anti-slip ceramic tile is polished.
[0057] Example 2: A non-slip tile, the preparation method of which differs from that of Example 1 in that:
[0058] In the green body layer, lime is 15 parts, limestone powder is 10 parts, tile adhesive is 22 parts, river sand is 20 parts, lithium porcelain stone is 12 parts, suspending agent is 3.2 parts, bentonite is 2 parts, and sodium silicate is 1.5 parts;
[0059] The anti-slip layer comprises 20 parts of quartz powder, 16 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of aluminum oxide, 7 parts of silicon carbide, and 4 parts of magnesium oxide.
[0060] The anti-slip layer comprises 10 parts of polished tile waste residue, 4 parts of aluminum oxide, 2 parts of sodium oxide, 2 parts of zinc oxide and 1 part of iron oxide.
[0061] Example 3: A non-slip tile, the preparation method of which differs from that of Example 1 in that:
[0062] In the green body layer, lime is 25 parts, limestone powder is 6 parts, tile adhesive is 18 parts, yellow sand (instead of river sand) is 18 parts, lithium porcelain stoneware is 9 parts, suspending agent is 2.2 parts, bentonite is 1 part, and sodium silicate is 1 part;
[0063] The anti-slip layer comprises 25 parts of quartz powder, 13 parts of potassium feldspar, 6 parts of aluminum oxide, 5 parts of silicon carbide, and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
[0064] The anti-slip layer comprises 15 parts of polished tile waste, 2 parts of aluminum oxide, 1 part of sodium oxide, 1 part of zinc oxide and 0.6 part of iron oxide.
[0065] Comparative Example 1: A non-slip ceramic tile, the preparation method of which is different from that of Example 1 in that silicon carbide is not used in the non-slip layer.
[0066] Comparative Example 2: A non-slip ceramic tile, the preparation method of which is different from that of Example 1 in that: no non-slip glaze slurry is applied on the surface of the non-slip layer, that is, no non-slip glaze slurry is used.
[0067] Comparative Example 3: A non-slip ceramic tile, the preparation method of which is different from that of Example 1 in that no polishing tile waste residue is used in the non-slip layer.
[0068] Comparative Example 4: A non-slip ceramic tile, the preparation method of which is different from that of Example 1 in that no glass powder is used in the non-slip layer.
[0069] Test Example: The anti-slip performance, wear resistance and glossiness of the anti-slip tiles prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested;
[0070] 1. Anti-slip performance: The wet BPN and wet static friction coefficient of the "Pendulum Method" in the anti-slip performance test refer to "GB / T35153-2017"; the "Tilt Platform Method" refers to "EN16165:2021". The test results are shown in Table 1;
[0071] 2. Abrasion resistance: The test was conducted in accordance with the national standard GB / T 3810.6-2016 Ceramic tile test methods Part 6: Determination of abrasion resistance. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0072] 3. Gloss: Tested in accordance with the national standard GB / T 9754-2007 Paints and varnishes – Determination of specular gloss at 20°, 60° and 85° for paints and varnishes without metallic pigments. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0073] Table 1 Test results of anti-slip performance, wear resistance and glossiness of anti-slip tiles of Examples and Comparative Examples
[0074]
[0075] As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, anti-slip performance, as measured by the pendulum method's wet BPN and wet static friction coefficient, shows that the BPN values of the examples are all above 45, far higher than those of the comparative examples, and the wet static friction coefficient is also significantly higher than that of the comparative examples, demonstrating stronger anti-slip capabilities. Furthermore, the wear loss (mg) of the examples is lower, indicating excellent surface wear resistance and the ability to maintain an anti-slip effect for a long time. In terms of gloss, the 20° angle gloss value of the examples is relatively high. In summary, the anti-slip tiles produced by the examples of the present invention exhibit excellent anti-slip performance and wear resistance while maintaining a good gloss, meeting the market demand for high-end anti-slip tiles.
[0076] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A non-slip tile, characterized in that: The invention comprises a green body layer, an anti-skid layer and a non-slip layer stacked in sequence; the green body layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of lime, 5-10 parts of limestone powder, 18-22 parts of tile adhesive, 18-20 parts of river sand or yellow sand, 8-12 parts of lithium porcelain stoneware, 2.1-3.5 parts of suspending agent, 1-2 parts of bentonite and 0.9-1.5 parts of sodium silicate; The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of quartz powder, 12-16 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 5-7 parts of silicon carbide and 2-4 parts of magnesium oxide; The anti-slip layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of polished tile waste, 2-4 parts of aluminum oxide, 1-2 parts of sodium oxide, 1-2 parts of zinc oxide and 0.5-1 part of iron oxide.
2. The anti-slip tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing brick waste residue is waste powder ground off when polishing the polishing bricks, which is obtained by crushing, grinding, and then screening through a sieve.
3. The anti-slip tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-slip layer further comprises 0.1-0.5 parts of glass powder.
4. A method for preparing the anti-slip ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step (1) Preparation of green body layer: Mix lime, limestone powder, tile mortar, river sand or yellow sand, lithium porcelain stone, suspending agent, bentonite and sodium silicate in a formula ratio, grind them into fine powder using a ball mill, sieve them to obtain a uniform green body powder, use a mold to press the green body powder into a green body layer, and dry it to a moisture content of 0.2-0.4% for later use; Step (2) Preparation of anti-skid layer and anti-skid layer glaze slurry: Quartz stone powder, potassium feldspar, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and magnesium oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.5-1.8g / mL. Polishing tile waste, aluminum oxide, sodium oxide, zinc oxide and iron oxide are mixed according to the formula ratio, finely ground by a ball mill, and the ingredients are evenly mixed. The mixture is sieved to remove impurities to prepare an anti-slip glaze slurry with a specific gravity of 1.4-1.9g / mL. Step (3) Glazing and firing: Evenly spray or print a layer of anti-skid glaze slurry on the surface of the dried green body layer. After the anti-skid layer surface of the green body is dry, evenly spray or print the anti-skid glaze slurry on the surface of the anti-skid layer to form a tile green body. The glazed ceramic tile body is sent into the kiln for firing to ensure that the glaze layer and the ceramic tile body are tightly bonded. After firing, it is cooled, edged, and graded to obtain the finished anti-slip ceramic tile.
5. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2) of preparing the anti-skid layer and the anti-slip layer glaze slurry, the method further includes adding 0.1-0.3 parts of an anti-settling agent to the anti-skid layer glaze slurry.
6. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3) of glazing and firing, a sandblasting or embossing process is used to form an anti-slip texture on the surface of the anti-slip layer glaze slurry.
7. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3) of glazing and firing, the temperature in the kiln is controlled at 1150-1250°C and maintained for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
8. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the glazing and firing in step (3) are completed, the surface of the anti-slip tiles is polished.
9. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glaze amount of the anti-slip layer glaze is 200-250g / m 2 .
10. The method for preparing anti-slip tiles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The glaze amount of the anti-slip layer glaze is 150-200g / m 2 .
Citation Information
Patent Citations
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