Novel continuous supporting floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel continuous supporting floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system which comprises a rubber wedge buckled and pressed at a rail waist, a plurality of mass rods are arranged in the rubber wedge, and the mass rods are parallel to the main stress direction of the rubber wedge under transverse load and perpendicular to the main stress direction of the rubber wedge under vertical load. The mass rod is filled with particles. The fastener system is based on the technology combining the particle damping technology and the vulcanization mass rod, vibration of the steel rail can be reduced, the influence of noise on the environment along the rail can be reduced, the transverse rigidity can be increased, steel rail corrugation can be restrained, meanwhile, particle damping can play a role in energy absorption in a wide frequency band, and the service life of the steel rail is prolonged. The floating rail fastener is greatly improved on the basis of a traditional floating rail fastener.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of track vibration reduction, and in particular to a novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system. Background Art

[0002] The fastener systems of urban rail transit in my country are generally divided into rail bottom support type fastener systems and rail waist support type fastener systems. The traditional rail bottom support type fastener system is mainly assembled by spring bars, elastic pads under the rail, iron pads, spiral spikes and elastic pads under the plate. The track elasticity is mainly provided by spring bars and pads, which can play a good supporting and limiting role, with large stiffness, small displacement and large vibration acceleration. The traditional rail waist support type fastener system is mainly composed of rail waist support rubber wedges, support baffles, spring clips, positioning wedges, spiral spikes and base plates. The track elasticity is almost only determined by the rubber wedges. After the rubber wedges are pre-pressed, the rails are lifted up, the rail bottom is suspended, the vertical displacement is large, the vertical stiffness is small, the vibration acceleration is small, and the vibration reduction effect is better.

[0003] Wang Anbin et al. (2006) studied the basic structure of Vanguard fasteners and tested their vibration and noise reduction performance in the laboratory and on the subway line. The test results included the comparison of vibration reduction performance before and after the fasteners were replaced, and the comparison between laboratory tests and on-line tests. They found that the vertical deformation effect of Vanguard fasteners was better than that of traditional DTVI2 fasteners, and they were more adaptable to running on the line. Vanguard fasteners had low vertical stiffness, small torsional displacement, and good vibration reduction effect. Wang Wenbin et al. (2010) replaced traditional DTⅥ2 fasteners with Vanguard fasteners in a section of a subway line with high vibration and noise. The vibration acceleration of the ground in this section was tested before and after the replacement. The results showed that the ground vibration caused by the subway was reduced by 40db after the fasteners were replaced. The operating frequency of the Vanguard fasteners is 30Hz, and the operating frequency of the traditional DTⅥ2 fasteners is 60Hz. The Vanguard fasteners eliminated the peak of the DTⅥ2 fastener operating frequency band, alleviated the dynamic impact between the wheel and rail, reduced the transmission of vibration to the substructure of the track, and reduced interference to residents along the subway line.

[0004] It should be noted that Vanguard fasteners are used in subway lines in domestic cities due to their excellent vibration reduction effect. Zhu Qiangqiang and others found through on-site investigation of a subway line that after the Vanguard fastener section had been put into operation for a period of time, the section where the fastener was replaced had varying degrees of corrugation. He established a model to analyze the impact of flexible tracks on rail corrugation. By comparing the static and dynamic contact performance of traditional rail bottom support fasteners and Vanguard fasteners, including differences in wheel-rail force, stick-slip distribution of contact spots on rails, it was concluded that the vertical displacement of Vanguard fasteners is larger than that of traditional DTⅥ2 fasteners, and the rail flip angle is also larger than that of DTⅥ2 fasteners. Therefore, after replacing the Vanguard fasteners, the contact between the wheel and rail is unstable, and stick-slip vibration is prone to occur, which aggravates the wear between the wheel and rail and leads to the occurrence of corrugation.

[0005] Therefore, although Vanguard fasteners have excellent vibration reduction effects, wave wear will also occur during the online service process, so Vanguard fasteners still need further improvement and optimization to face increasing challenges. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system to solve the problem of rail corrugation caused by traditional floating rail fasteners during use. The fastener system is based on a technology combining particle damping technology and vulcanized mass rods, which can not only reduce the vibration of the rails and reduce the impact of noise on the environment along the track, but also increase the lateral stiffness and inhibit the generation of rail corrugation. At the same time, the particle damping can play a role in energy absorption in a wider frequency band, which is a great improvement over traditional floating rail fasteners.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system, comprising a rubber wedge buckled at the rail waist, wherein a plurality of mass rods are arranged inside the rubber wedge, wherein the mass rods are parallel to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the lateral load and perpendicular to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the vertical load, and wherein the mass rods are filled with particles.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the filling rate of the particles inside the mass rod is δ, which satisfies: 70%≤δ<100%.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the diameter of the mass rod is 3 mm-5 mm, and the diameter of the particles is 0.8 mm-1.2 mm.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the mass rod is a steel rod, and the particles are steel balls.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, both ends of the mass rod are vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge, while the remaining portion is not vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge, and lubricating liquid is added between the portions of the mass rod and the rubber wedge that are not vulcanized.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the plurality of mass bars are evenly spaced and distributed along the length direction of the track.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, multiple rows of mass bars are arranged in the rubber wedge block located on the inner side of the track, and the multiple rows of mass bars are arranged at intervals vertically along the track.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the length of the mass rod is 25mm-40mm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes an iron pad, a side plate and a positioning wedge; the side plate is arranged on the iron pad, the side plate is located on the side of the track and connected to the rubber wedge, the positioning wedge is arranged between the side plate and the shoulder on the iron pad, and after the positioning wedge is inserted, it generates an extrusion force on the side plate to press the rubber wedge against the rail waist.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, it also includes a spring clamp, wherein two clamping heads of the spring clamp are clamped toward each other to clamp the side plate, the positioning wedge block and the shoulder on the iron pad.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention arranges a plurality of mass rods inside the rubber wedge, and the mass rods are parallel to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the lateral load, and perpendicular to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the vertical load, so as to ensure that the lateral stiffness is effectively increased under the condition of unchanged vertical stiffness; at the same time, particles are filled inside the mass rods, and the vibration of the internal particles is driven by the vibration of the mass rods, so that the vibration energy is dissipated through friction and collision between the particles, thereby achieving a vibration reduction effect, which is more advantageous in the control frequency band than the traditional rubber block vibration isolation, and because the particle damping can be similar to the characteristics of the chaotic system, the secondary vibration of the structure and the appearance of new resonance peaks can be effectively avoided; the fastener system can improve the lateral stiffness of the system while maintaining a relatively low vertical stiffness, realize the decoupling of vertical and lateral stiffness, maintain a good shock absorption effect, and inhibit the generation of rail corrugation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the effect of the mass rod diameter on the lateral stiffness of the fastener system in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of particle filling inside the mass rod of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the comparison of stiffness before and after optimization of the fastener system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of energy consumption comparison of the fastener system in the present invention.

[0026] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0027] 1- rubber wedge, 2- mass rod, 21- particles, 3- iron pad, 4- side plate, 5- positioning wedge, 6- track, 7- spring clip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0031] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals represent the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of the present application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the integrated device are only exemplary descriptions and should not constitute any limitation to the present application.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces), unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] The main problems of traditional floating rail fasteners are that it is difficult to decouple the vertical and lateral stiffnesses, and the lateral stiffness is low, which leads to serious rail flipping and poor wheel-rail contact in curved sections, thereby inducing the initiation of rail corrugation. At the same time, the floating rail fasteners only rely on the vibration isolation concept for vibration control. Although its vertical stiffness can be achieved in a lower range, the wheel-rail excitation is in a wider frequency range. The vibration isolation concept has great limitations in the control frequency band, and it is difficult to achieve the effect of wide-band vibration control.

[0038] To this end, the applicant has invented a new type of continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system after in-depth research. This fastener system adds a mass rod based on the rubber wedge inside the traditional floating rail fastener. By setting constraints at both ends on the lateral force transmission path and a smooth mass rod in the middle, the lateral stiffness is effectively increased while the vertical stiffness remains unchanged. At the same time, the concept of particle collision damping is introduced to optimize the damping structure. By filling particles inside the mass rod, the vibration of the mass rod drives the vibration of the internal particles, so that the vibration energy is dissipated through friction and collision between particles. Compared with traditional rubber block vibration isolation, it has more advantages in controlling the frequency band. At the same time, particle damping can be similar to the characteristics of a chaotic system, which can effectively avoid the secondary vibration of the structure and the appearance of new resonance peaks.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 A novel continuous support floating rail vibration reduction fastener system provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a rubber wedge 1 buckled at the rail waist, a plurality of mass rods 2 are arranged inside the rubber wedge 1, the mass rods 2 are parallel to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge 1 under the lateral load, and perpendicular to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge 1 under the vertical load, and the mass rods 2 are filled with particles 21.

[0040] In this embodiment, multiple mass rods 2 are arranged inside the rubber wedge 1, and the mass rods 2 are parallel to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge 1 under the lateral load, and perpendicular to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge 1 under the vertical load. Since they are placed along the path of stress transmission in the rubber wedge 1, the placement perpendicular to the principal stress direction has a smaller impact on its force transmission path, and the placement parallel to the principal stress direction has a greater impact on its force transmission path, so that the lateral stiffness can be effectively increased while the vertical stiffness remains basically unchanged; at the same time, the mass rods 2 are filled with particles 21, and the vibration of the internal particles 21 is driven by the vibration of the mass rods 2, so that the vibration energy is dissipated through the friction and collision between the particles 21. Compared with the traditional rubber block vibration isolation, it has more advantages in the control frequency band. Since the damping of the particles 21 can be similar to the characteristics of the chaotic system, the secondary vibration of the structure and the appearance of new resonance peaks can be effectively avoided; the fastener system can improve the lateral stiffness of the system while maintaining a relatively low vertical stiffness, realize the decoupling of the vertical and lateral stiffness, maintain a good shock absorption effect, and suppress the generation of rail corrugation.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present application, the filling rate of the particles 21 inside the mass rod 2 is δ, which satisfies: 70% ≤ δ < 100%. In order to further increase the overall structural energy dissipation of the floating rail fastener, the particles 21 are filled inside the mass rod 2, which can act as a resonator while providing rigidity. When the mass rod 2 is filled with fewer particles 21, the energy dissipation effect provided during vibration is smaller. If the particles 21 completely fill the mass rod 2, the particles 21 cannot move, rub, or collide with each other during vibration. Therefore, it is better to select a filling rate δ of 70% ≤ δ < 100%. The particles 21 inside the mass rod 2 are filled as follows: Figure 3 shown.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the mass rod 2 is 3 mm to 5 mm, and the diameter of the particle 21 is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. Figure 2 As shown, it is found through research that the lateral stiffness only increases by 2.63 kN / mm when the diameter of the mass rod 2 increases from 2 mm to 8 mm. The diameter of the mass rod 2 should not be too large, otherwise the internal contact surface of the rubber will tear after being loaded, while a small diameter of the mass rod 2 will cause stress concentration at the contact position between the rubber wedge 1 and the mass rod 2. Preferably, the diameter of the mass rod 2 is 4 mm, and the diameter of the particle 21 is 1 mm.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present application, the mass rod 2 is a steel rod, and the particles 21 are steel balls. The steel rod and the steel ball are used to meet the use of the fastener system, and have both cost and performance advantages.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present application, the two ends of the mass rod 2 are vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge 1, and the remaining part is not vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge 1, and lubricating liquid is added between the parts of the mass rod 2 and the rubber wedge 1 that are not vulcanized. By requiring the two ends of the mass rod 2 to form constraints with the rubber wedge 1 during processing, and the middle part is unconstrained and lubricating liquid is added, it can be achieved that the mass rod 2 and the rubber wedge 1 of the fastener undergo uncoordinated deformation under vertical load conditions and do not participate in vertical force conditions.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present application, the plurality of mass bars 2 are evenly spaced and distributed along the length direction of the track 6 .

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present application, multiple rows of mass rods 2 are arranged in the rubber wedge block 1 located on the inner side of the track 6, and the multiple rows of mass rods 2 are arranged vertically at intervals along the track 6. Since the inner side of the track 6 is subjected to more force, the mass rods 2 in the rubber wedge block 1 located on the inner side of the track 6 need to be more than those on the outer side.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present application, the length of the mass rod 2 is 25mm-40mm. Steel balls are added to the steel rods with a length of 40mm and 25mm, and the steel rods are used as carriers. When the rail vibrates, the steel balls collide with each other, and the kinetic energy of the external structure is converted into the mutual friction and collision of the particles 21 inside the mass rod 2, thereby forming a composite system energy dissipation to achieve a vibration reduction effect. The particle damping technology can achieve vibration control in a wider frequency range due to its strong nonlinear behavior.

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present application, it also includes an iron pad 3, a side plate 4 and a positioning wedge 5; the side plate 4 is arranged on the iron pad 3, the side plate 4 is located on the side of the track 6 and is connected to the rubber wedge 1, the positioning wedge 5 is arranged between the side plate 4 and the shoulder on the iron pad 3, and after the positioning wedge 5 is inserted, it generates an extrusion force on the side plate 4 to press the rubber wedge 1 on the rail waist.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present application, a spring clip 7 is further included, wherein two clamping heads of the spring clip 7 are clamped toward each other, and are used to clamp the side plate 4, the positioning wedge 5, and the shoulder on the iron pad 3. When the fastener operates normally and is in good condition, the spring clip 7 does not play any role; the spring clip 7 is provided to prevent the rubber wedge 1 from being damaged due to long-term use without maintenance, and the spring clip 7 prevents the side plate 4 from moving relative to the shoulder on the iron pad 3.

[0050] In order to further illustrate the change in system stiffness and vibration reduction effect after the optimization of the fastener system in this application, we established a track dynamics model with floating rail vibration reduction fasteners as the support method. Figure 4 Shown is a comparison diagram of the changes in the vertical and lateral stiffness of the system before and after the structural optimization of the fastener system of the present application. It can be seen that after the addition of the steel rod, the vertical stiffness of the structure increases slightly, and the lateral stiffness is significantly improved.

[0051] The vertical and lateral stiffness of the traditional floating rail fastener system is at a low state. The floating rail fastener structure is designed based on the stress flow theory and the force transmission path to achieve vertical-lateral stiffness decoupling. The vulcanized mass rod 2 is filled inside the rubber wedge 1 to change the stress flow path, making the stress flow path shorter and straighter, which will increase the stiffness and strength of the fastener system accordingly. The vertical stiffness of the new floating rail fastener system after improvement in this application is slightly increased by 1.05kN / mm, about 15.5%, and the lateral stiffness is effectively increased by 4.81kN / mm, about 56% on the original basis.

[0052] Further comparison of the vibration control effects between the conventional floating rail fastener and the floating rail fastener optimized in this application shows that the floating rail fastener system in this application introduces particle damping technology, which converts external input kinetic energy into mechanical energy between particles and dissipates collision heat energy, thereby achieving effective dissipation of vibration energy. Figure 5 The figure shows the vibration control effect of the fastener system of the present application. From the perspective of loss factor, the loss factor increases significantly when there are particles in the mass rod. Because the particle materials collide and rub, a composite system energy dissipation is formed, which achieves the purpose of vibration absorption and can meet the vibration dissipation effect in a wide frequency range. From the perspective of vibration acceleration level, the vibration energy can be further increased under the condition of particle damping technology, making the entire floating rail fastener system an energy dissipation system that integrates vibration absorption and vibration isolation.

[0053] The key point of this application is to use stress flow theory to re-optimize the design of the fastener structure, and to improve the structural stiffness by filling the vulcanized mass rod 2 in the rubber wedge block 1, so as to slightly affect the vertical stiffness, significantly improve the lateral stiffness, and ensure the vertical vibration reduction effect; at the same time, the internal structure of the mass rod 2 is designed, and the particle damping technology is introduced. The granular material will collide and rub to form a composite system energy dissipation, thereby achieving a vibration absorption-vibration isolation fusion vibration reduction effect.

[0054] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new type of continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system, characterized in that: It comprises a rubber wedge buckled on the rail waist, wherein a plurality of mass rods are arranged inside the rubber wedge, wherein the mass rods are parallel to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the transverse load and perpendicular to the principal stress direction of the rubber wedge under the vertical load, and the mass rods are filled with particles.

2. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filling rate of the particles inside the mass rod is δ, which satisfies: 70%≤δ<100%.

3. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diameter of the mass rod is 3 mm to 5 mm, and the diameter of the particles is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.

4. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mass rod is a steel rod, and the particles are steel balls.

5. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two ends of the mass rod are vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge, and the remaining part is not vulcanized and connected to the rubber wedge, and lubricating liquid is added between the parts of the mass rod and the rubber wedge that are not vulcanized and connected.

6. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration damping fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of mass bars are evenly spaced and distributed along the length direction of the track.

7. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: A plurality of rows of mass rods are arranged in the rubber wedge block located on the inner side of the track, and the plurality of rows of mass rods are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction along the track.

8. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the mass rod is 25mm-40mm.

9. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an iron pad, a side plate and a positioning wedge; the side plate is arranged on the iron pad, the side plate is located on the side of the track and connected to the rubber wedge, the positioning wedge is arranged between the side plate and the shoulder on the iron pad, and after the positioning wedge is inserted, an extrusion force is generated on the side plate to press the rubber wedge on the rail waist.

10. The novel continuous support floating rail type vibration reduction fastener system according to claim 9 is characterized in that: It also includes a spring clip, wherein two clamping heads of the spring clip are clamped toward each other to clamp the side plate, the positioning wedge block and the shoulder on the iron pad.

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