Household garbage multilayer pyrolysis / incineration system with heat energy feedback

Abstract

The invention discloses a household garbage multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system with a heat energy feedback function. The household garbage multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system comprises a furnace body, a discharging bin arranged at the top of the furnace body and a bottom fire grate mechanism arranged at the bottom of the furnace body. A heat energy feedback mechanism and multiple layers of middle fire grate mechanisms arranged in the height direction are arranged on the furnace body, and the heat energy feedback mechanism comprises multiple sets of middle heat energy feedback mechanisms located below the multiple layers of middle fire grate mechanisms and multiple sets of lower heat energy feedback mechanisms located below the bottom fire grate mechanism; and each row of middle fire grate mechanism comprises a plurality of middle fire grate rollers which are arranged at intervals in the length direction of the furnace body and a middle transmission mechanism which is in transmission connection with the plurality of middle fire grate rollers in sequence. The multi-layer middle fire grate mechanism is arranged, multi-layer pyrolysis gasification / incineration of household garbage in the furnace body is achieved, the unit area handling capacity of the fire grate is improved, the occupied space is small, heat energy generated by feedback garbage pyrolysis gasification / incineration is fully utilized, the performance is improved, and long-term stable operation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration, and in particular relates to a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback. Background Art

[0002] Pyrolysis / incineration furnaces, namely pyrolysis furnaces and incinerators, not only achieve the harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of garbage, but also effectively overcome the pollution problems caused by open-air burning of garbage. Therefore, it has become a garbage disposal technology with considerable development prospects.

[0003] Most of the existing garbage pyrolysis / incineration furnaces in China use a single-layer grate structure with top loading. The existing problems are:

[0004] (1) The daily garbage processing capacity of the furnace is small. The daily processing capacity per unit grate area is generally about 5 tons, which can only process 5 to 30 tons of domestic garbage per day. It cannot meet the current large-scale domestic garbage processing needs at the county and town level in my country.

[0005] (2) Poor stability and inability to reuse subsequent heat energy. Due to the complex composition and low fuel value of household waste at the county and town level, the traditional single-layer grate technology does not fully utilize the heat energy generated by waste pyrolysis gasification / incineration, resulting in poor stability of the pyrolysis / incineration furnace and substandard emissions, which restricts its promotion and application.

[0006] Therefore, a reasonably designed multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback is needed nowadays. A multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism is set up to realize multi-layer pyrolysis gasification / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace body, thereby increasing the processing capacity per unit area of ​​the grate, meeting the current large-scale domestic waste treatment needs at the county and town levels in my country, while occupying a small space and fully utilizing the heat energy generated by the feedback pyrolysis gasification / incineration of the waste, thereby improving performance and achieving long-term stable operation. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback in response to the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The system is provided with a multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism to realize multi-layer pyrolysis gasification / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace body, thereby increasing the grate processing capacity per unit area, meeting the current large-scale domestic waste treatment needs at the county and town levels in my country, while occupying a small space and fully utilizing the heat energy generated by the feedback pyrolysis gasification / incineration of the waste, thereby improving performance and achieving long-term stable operation.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system of domestic waste with heat energy feedback, characterized in that it comprises a furnace body, a lower material bin arranged on the top of the furnace body and a bottom grate mechanism arranged on the bottom of the furnace body;

[0009] The furnace body is provided with a heat energy feedback mechanism and multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms arranged in the height direction, wherein the heat energy feedback mechanism comprises multiple groups of middle heat energy feedback mechanisms respectively located below the multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms and lower heat energy feedback mechanisms located below the bottom grate mechanism;

[0010] Each row of the intermediate grate mechanisms comprises a plurality of intermediate grate rollers spaced apart along the length direction of the furnace body and an intermediate transmission mechanism which sequentially transmits and connects the plurality of intermediate grate rollers.

[0011] The above-mentioned multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback is characterized in that: a single intermediate grate roller includes a grate shaft rotatably penetrated in the furnace body, two long strip teeth symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft and two groups of short grates symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft, the two long strip teeth and the two groups of short grates are arranged in a cross shape, each group of short grates includes a plurality of short strip teeth arranged at intervals along the length direction of the grate shaft, a single short strip tooth is arranged vertically along the radial direction of the grate shaft, and the grate shaft and the intermediate transmission mechanism are transmission connected.

[0012] The above-mentioned multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback is characterized in that: the multiple grate shafts include a left-end grate shaft, a plurality of intermediate grate shafts and a right-end grate shaft, the intermediate transmission mechanism includes a left-end reduction motor transmission-connected to the front extension end of the left-end grate shaft, a right-end reduction motor transmission-connected to the front extension end of the right-end grate shaft, and a double-row chain transmission-connected to the left-end grate shaft, the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the right-end grate shaft, the rear extension end of the left-end grate shaft, the two extension ends of the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the rear extension end of the right-end grate shaft are all provided with double-row sprockets for meshing connection with the double-row chain.

[0013] The above-mentioned multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback is characterized in that: the upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body is connected to the multi-stage recombustion chamber, the multi-stage recombustion chamber includes a first-stage recombustion chamber connected to the upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body and a second-stage recombustion chamber connected to the bottom of the first-stage recombustion chamber, the top outlet of the second-stage recombustion chamber is connected to the heat exchanger, the flue gas outlet end of the heat exchanger is connected to the deacidification and dust removal equipment, and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment is connected to the chimney.

[0014] The above-mentioned domestic waste multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system with heat energy feedback is characterized in that: the middle heat energy feedback mechanism includes a heat energy feedback main pipe arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body and a plurality of heat energy feedback branch pipes connected with the heat energy feedback main pipe and extending into the furnace body, the heat energy feedback branch pipes are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a first feedback pipeline is arranged between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber and the flue gas outlet of the deacidification and dust removal equipment and the heat energy feedback main pipe;

[0015] The structure of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism is the same as that of the middle heat energy feedback mechanism. A second feedback pipeline is arranged between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment and the heat energy feedback main pipe of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism.

[0016] The above-mentioned multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback is characterized in that: the inner wall of the first-level re-combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of staggered first turbulence plates, the inner wall of the second-level re-combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of staggered second turbulence plates, and the top of the second-level re-combustion chamber is higher than the top of the first-level re-combustion chamber.

[0017] The above-mentioned domestic waste multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system with heat energy feedback is characterized in that: the surface of the long strip teeth close to the grate shaft is a concave arc surface adapted to the grate shaft, the length direction of the long strip teeth is arranged along the length direction of the grate shaft, and the cross section of the long strip teeth gradually decreases from close to the grate shaft to far away from the grate shaft;

[0018] The cross section of the short shifting tooth is rectangular, and the four corners of the short shifting tooth are rounded.

[0019] At the same time, a method for using a reasonably designed domestic waste multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system with thermal energy feedback is provided, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, the multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism is sequentially recorded as the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the Ith intermediate grate mechanism in order from high to low; wherein I is a positive integer, and I is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0021] Step 2: Fabrication of the bottom grate mechanism:

[0022] The left-end reduction motor and the right-end reduction motor of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism are operated to work, the left-end reduction motor drives the left-end grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right-end reduction motor drives the right-end grate shaft to rotate, and drives multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through double-row chains and double-row sprockets, so that the domestic garbage fed through the lower hopper passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the bottom grate mechanism until the domestic garbage on the bottom grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0023] Step 3: Fabrication of multi-layer middle grate mechanism:

[0024] Step 301, the left and right reduction motors of the first intermediate grate mechanism are not operated, and the left and right reduction motors of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the I-1 intermediate grate mechanism are operated, the left reduction motor drives the left grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right reduction motor drives the right grate shaft to rotate, and drives the middle multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through the double-row chain and the double-row sprocket, so that the crushed domestic waste fed through the discharge bin passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the I-1 intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the first intermediate grate mechanism, until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0025] Step 302: operate the left and right reduction motors of the I-th intermediate grate mechanism and the I-1th intermediate grate mechanism without working, operate the left and right reduction motors of the I-th intermediate grate mechanism to the I-2nd intermediate grate mechanism to work, and repeat step 201 until the domestic waste on the I-1th intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0026] Step 303, following the method of step 302, until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0027] Step 4: Pyrolysis / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace:

[0028] The domestic waste on the bottom grate mechanism and the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the domestic waste on the I intermediate grate mechanism are pyrolyzed / incinerated; wherein, during the pyrolysis / incineration process of the domestic waste, the top outlet flue gas of the second secondary combustion chamber in the multi-stage afterburning chamber and the flue gas with low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment are led to the bottom of each layer of the intermediate grate mechanism of the furnace body through the first feedback pipeline, and the entering high-temperature flue gas additionally supplements heat energy to the furnace of the furnace body. At the same time, the top outlet flue gas of the second secondary combustion chamber in the multi-stage afterburning chamber and the flue gas with low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment are fed back to the lower part of the furnace body through the second feedback pipeline to supplement heat energy.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. The present invention is provided with a plurality of intermediate grate mechanisms and a heat energy feedback mechanism arranged in a height direction. Under the heat energy feedback mechanism, the domestic waste on the plurality of intermediate grate mechanisms is pyrolyzed / incinerated. In this way, the domestic waste is pyrolyzed / incinerated in layers, thereby increasing the grate processing capacity per unit area, meeting the current domestic waste processing needs at a large number of county and town levels in my country. Moreover, the plurality of layers are arranged in a height direction, without increasing the cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace body, so the space occupied is small and the investment cost is low.

[0031] 2. The present invention arranges two long teeth and two groups of short grates in a cross shape along the grate shaft. The long teeth are used to carry domestic waste to prevent it from falling onto the grate shaft, which will affect the service life of the grate shaft due to the high pyrolysis / incineration temperature, and to prevent domestic waste from sticking to the grate shaft and not falling easily. The short grate is provided to carry materials in a horizontal state for pyrolysis / incineration, and to clean and discharge materials in a rotating state.

[0032] 3. The intermediate grate rollers of the present invention can not only rotate and scrape the domestic garbage into each row of intermediate grate rollers for pyrolysis / incineration, but also facilitate the discharge of various foreign objects such as metal, iron wire, construction waste, stones, etc. in the domestic garbage into ash collection, avoiding blockage and achieving long-term stable operation.

[0033] 4. The present invention is provided with a middle heat energy feedback mechanism and a lower heat energy feedback mechanism in order to lead the high-temperature flue gas from the top outlet of the second-stage recombustion chamber in the multi-stage recombustion chamber to enter under the grate of the furnace body, and the hot gas entering can provide additional heat to the furnace of the furnace body. The high-temperature flue gas of 1000°C to 1100°C at the top outlet of the multi-stage recombustion chamber is led into the furnace body to heat and dry the garbage for further pyrolysis / incineration, thereby achieving temperature stability in the furnace body, thereby cyclically and continuously achieving stable pyrolysis / combustion, which is stable and reliable, and the flue gas with low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment is fed back to the furnace body, thereby solving the problem of high production of nitrogen thermal compounds due to the traditional air introduction into the pyrolysis furnace.

[0034] In summary, the present invention arranges a multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism to realize multi-layer pyrolysis gasification / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace body, thereby increasing the processing capacity per unit area of ​​the grate, meeting the current large-scale domestic waste treatment needs at the county and town levels in my country, while occupying a small space and fully utilizing the heat energy generated by the pyrolysis gasification / incineration of the feedback waste, thereby improving performance and achieving long-term stable operation.

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the heat energy feedback mechanism of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the intermediate grate mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] 1—unloading bin; 1-1—unloading rotating mechanism; 2—furnace body;

[0041] 3—middle grate mechanism; 4—bottom grate mechanism; 5—multi-stage afterburning chamber;

[0042] 5-1—first stage afterburner chamber; 5-2—second stage afterburner chamber; 5-3—first turbulence plate;

[0043] 5-4—second turbulence plate; 6—heat energy feedback mechanism; 6-1—middle heat energy feedback mechanism;

[0044] 6-11—heat energy feedback main pipe; 6-13—heat energy feedback branch pipe; 6-2—lower heat energy feedback mechanism;

[0045] 7—middle grate roller; 7-1—left end reduction motor; 7-2—grate shaft;

[0046] 7-3—Long teeth; 7-4—Short teeth; 7-5—Double chain;

[0047] 7-6—Double-row sprocket; 7-7—Right end reduction motor; 7-8—Bearing with seat;

[0048] 8—ash pool; 9—heat exchanger; 10—deacidification and dust removal equipment;

[0049] 11—Chimney; 12—Second feedback pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system of domestic waste with heat energy feedback of the present invention comprises a furnace body 2, a lower material bin 1 arranged on the top of the furnace body 2, and a bottom grate mechanism 4 arranged on the bottom of the furnace body 2;

[0051] The furnace body 2 is provided with a heat energy feedback mechanism 6 and multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms 3 arranged in the height direction, wherein the heat energy feedback mechanism 6 includes multiple groups of middle heat energy feedback mechanisms 6-1 respectively located below the multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms 3 and lower heat energy feedback mechanisms 6-2 located below the bottom grate mechanism 4;

[0052] Each row of the intermediate grate mechanisms 3 includes a plurality of intermediate grate rollers 7 spaced apart along the length direction of the furnace body 2 and an intermediate transmission mechanism that sequentially transmits and connects the plurality of intermediate grate rollers 7 .

[0053] In this embodiment, a single intermediate grate roller 7 includes a grate shaft 7-2 rotatably inserted into the furnace body 2, two long teeth 7-3 symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft 7-2, and two groups of short grates symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft 7-2. The two long teeth 7-3 and the two groups of short grates 7-4 are arranged in a cross shape, and each group of short grates includes a plurality of short teeth 7-4 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the grate shaft 7-2. A single short tooth 7-4 is arranged vertically along the radial direction of the grate shaft 7-2, and the grate shaft 7-2 is transmission-connected to the intermediate transmission mechanism.

[0054] In this embodiment, the multiple grate shafts 7-2 include a left grate shaft, a plurality of intermediate grate shafts and a right grate shaft, the intermediate transmission mechanism includes a left reduction motor 7-1 transmission-connected to the front extension end of the left grate shaft, a right reduction motor 7-7 transmission-connected to the front extension end of the right grate shaft, and a double-row chain 7-5 transmission-connected to the left grate shaft, the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the right grate shaft, the rear extension end of the left grate shaft, the two extension ends of the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the rear extension end of the right grate shaft are all provided with a double-row sprocket 7-6 for meshing connection with the double-row chain 7-5.

[0055] In this embodiment, the upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body 2 is connected to the multi-stage re-combustion chamber 5, and the multi-stage re-combustion chamber 5 includes a first re-combustion chamber 5-1 connected to the upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body 2 and a second re-combustion chamber 5-2 connected to the bottom of the first re-combustion chamber 5-1, and the top outlet of the second re-combustion chamber 5-2 is connected to the heat exchanger 9, and the flue gas outlet end of the heat exchanger 9 is connected to the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10, and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 is connected to the chimney 11.

[0056] In this embodiment, the middle heat energy feedback mechanism 6-1 includes a heat energy feedback main pipe 6-11 arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body 2 and a plurality of heat energy feedback branch pipes 6-13 connected to the heat energy feedback main pipe 6-11 and extending into the furnace body 2, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the heat energy feedback branch pipes 6-13. A first feedback pipeline is arranged between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber 5-2 and the flue gas outlet of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 and the heat energy feedback main pipe 6-11;

[0057] The structure of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism 6-2 is the same as that of the middle heat energy feedback mechanism 6-1, and a second feedback pipeline 12 is arranged between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber 5-2 and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 and the heat energy feedback main pipe 6-11 of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism 6-2.

[0058] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the first re-combustion chamber 5-1 is provided with a plurality of staggered first turbulence plates 5-3, the inner wall of the second re-combustion chamber 5-2 is provided with a plurality of staggered second turbulence plates 5-4, and the top of the second re-combustion chamber 5-2 is higher than the top of the first re-combustion chamber 5-1.

[0059] In this embodiment, the surface of the long strip teeth 7-3 close to the grate shaft 7-2 is a concave arc surface adapted to the grate shaft 7-2, the length direction of the long strip teeth 7-3 is arranged along the length direction of the grate shaft 7-2, and the cross section of the long strip teeth 7-3 gradually decreases from close to the grate shaft 7-2 to far away from the grate shaft 7-2;

[0060] The cross section of the short shifting tooth 7 - 4 is rectangular, and the four corners of the short shifting tooth 7 - 4 are rounded.

[0061] In this embodiment, the length direction of each of the intermediate grate rollers 7 is arranged along the width direction of the furnace body 2 .

[0062] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the first feedback pipeline is not shown in the diagram and can be connected according to actual requirements.

[0063] In this embodiment, in actual use, a plurality of material unloading rotating mechanisms 1 - 1 are provided in the material unloading bin 1 , and reference may be made to the material unloading rotating mechanism in patent CN113403108B.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown in , in this embodiment, the bottom grate mechanism 4 can adopt a slider type grate mechanism, that is, the slider type grate mechanism in reference patent CN113403108B.

[0065] In this embodiment, during specific implementation, the bottom grate mechanism 4 may also adopt a grate mechanism with the same structure as the middle grate mechanism.

[0066] In this embodiment, the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 can refer to conventional equipment in the art.

[0067] In this embodiment, an ash pool 8 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 2 below the bottom grate mechanism 4 .

[0068] In this embodiment, the central heat energy feedback mechanism 6 - 1 is composed of multiple groups, the number of groups of the central heat energy feedback mechanism 6 - 1 is the same as the number of rows of the intermediate grate mechanism 3 , and each group of the central heat energy feedback mechanism 6 - 1 is located below each row of the intermediate grate mechanism 3 .

[0069] In this embodiment, the double-row chain 7-5 connects the rear extension end of the left grate shaft with the rear extension end of the middle grate shaft, connects the two extension ends of the middle grate shaft, and connects the rear extension end of the middle grate shaft with the rear extension end of the right grate shaft.

[0070] In this embodiment, in actual use, the left grate shaft, the plurality of middle grate shafts and the two protruding ends of the right grate shaft are all sleeved with seat bearings 7-8.

[0071] In this embodiment, in actual use, both ends of the left grate shaft, the plurality of middle grate shafts and the right grate shaft all extend out of the furnace body 2 .

[0072] In this embodiment, in actual use, the seat bearing 7-8 is installed on the thermal energy feedback main pipe 6-11 through a support block.

[0073] In this embodiment, in actual use, the length of the long strip teeth 7 - 3 located inside the furnace body 2 is adapted to the width of the interior of the furnace body 2 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the top of the secondary re-combustion chamber 5-2 is higher than the top of the primary re-combustion chamber 5-1. By setting the primary re-combustion chamber 5-1 and the secondary re-combustion chamber 5-2, the harmful gases discharged from the furnace body 1 are fully burned through multi-stage re-combustion of flue gas, thereby achieving ultra-low emission of harmful gases.

[0075] In this embodiment, the problem of excessive CO emissions due to the complex composition of domestic waste during pyrolysis / incineration of domestic waste is solved by the multi-stage re-combustion chamber 5, and stable ultra-clean CO emissions are achieved.

[0076] In this embodiment, the multi-stage re-combustion chamber 5 is a two-stage combustion structure, with a longer combustion path and a longer combustion time, thereby ensuring that the flue gas has sufficient combustion time. In addition, multiple points of oxygen supply can be added to the first-stage re-combustion chamber 5-1, such as introducing air or gas from a pool containing garbage for oxygen supply, to ensure that the flue gas is fully burned, providing a stable basis for ultra-low emissions.

[0077] In this embodiment, the first turbulence plate 5-3 and the second turbulence plate 5-4 are provided to fully mix the flue gas with the hot gas and ensure full combustion of the flue gas in the multi-stage combustion chamber.

[0078] In this embodiment, a first feedback pipeline is set to lead the high-temperature flue gas from the top of the second-stage recombustion chamber 5-2 in the multi-stage recombustion chamber to the bottom of the grate of the furnace body 1. The hot gas entering will provide additional heat to the furnace of the furnace body 1. The high-temperature flue gas at 1000°C to 1100°C at the top outlet of the multi-stage recombustion chamber 5 is led into the furnace body to heat and dry the garbage for pyrolysis / incineration, thereby achieving temperature stability in the furnace body 1, thereby achieving continuous and stable combustion in a stable and reliable cycle. The flue gas with a low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 is fed back to the furnace body 1, thereby solving the problem of high production of nitrogen thermal compounds caused by the traditional air intake into the pyrolysis furnace.

[0079] In this embodiment, the multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism 3 is combined with multiple groups of heat energy feedback mechanisms 6 to increase the processing capacity and combustion processing efficiency of the furnace body 2. Each layer of the multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism 3 is provided with a separate intermediate transmission mechanism to drive the intermediate grate roller 7 to rotate, and the operation of each layer of the grate is controlled separately. Each layer of the grate is designed with independent heat energy feedback, and heat is precisely controlled, thereby increasing the processing capacity range of the furnace body, and solving the problem of low low calorific value and large fluctuation of high calorific value of domestic garbage in the county.

[0080] In this embodiment, a left-end reduction motor 7-1 and a right-end reduction motor 7-7 are provided, and a dual-motor multi-stage compound transmission system is adopted. The ash and material layers of the multi-layer grates can be automatically distributed to the lower grate according to the combustion conditions of the multi-layer grates, and the system has the characteristics of simple structure and low cost.

[0081] In this embodiment, multi-layer grate technology is used to fully feedback heat energy to dry the garbage, so that more combustible gas is generated in the furnace. The combustion of combustible gas further dries the garbage in the furnace, realizing continuous and stable pyrolysis / combustion in a cycle, solving the industry problem of poor stability when large-scale grate furnace technology treats low calorific value county-level domestic garbage. Secondly, the domestic garbage in the furnace is pyrolyzed / incinerated by multiple layers, and the grate unit area processing capacity is two to three times that of ordinary pyrolysis / incineration furnaces, realizing a stepless design of 5 to 300 tons of domestic garbage per day, meeting the current large-scale county-level domestic garbage treatment needs in my country. In addition, the use of multi-layer combustion technology has a simple system, high thermal intensity in the furnace, small space occupation, and low investment cost, solving the problem that large-scale grate furnace technology uses side-end feeding and high investment cost of single-layer combustion, and cannot solve the problem of domestic garbage treatment at the county-level in my country.

[0082] In this embodiment, a method for using a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0083] Step 1: The multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism 3 is sequentially recorded as the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the Ith intermediate grate mechanism in order from high to low; wherein I is a positive integer, and I is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;

[0084] Step 2: Fabrication of the bottom grate mechanism:

[0085] The left-end reduction motor 7-1 and the right-end reduction motor 7-7 of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism are operated, the left-end reduction motor 7-1 drives the left-end grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right-end reduction motor 7-7 drives the right-end grate shaft to rotate, and drives multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through the double-row chain 7-5 and the double-row sprocket 7-6, so that the domestic garbage fed through the lower bin 1 passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the bottom grate mechanism until the domestic garbage on the bottom grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0086] Step 3: Fabrication of multi-layer middle grate mechanism:

[0087] Step 301, operate the left end reduction motor 7-1 and the right end reduction motor 7-7 of the first intermediate grate mechanism so that they do not work, operate the left end reduction motor 7-1 and the right end reduction motor 7-7 of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the I-1th intermediate grate mechanism to work, the left end reduction motor 7-1 drives the left end grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right end reduction motor 7-7 drives the right end grate shaft to rotate, and drives the middle multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through the double-row chain 7-5 and the double-row sprocket 7-6, so that the crushed domestic waste fed through the discharge bin 1 passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the I-1th intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the first intermediate grate mechanism until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0088] Step 302: operate the left-end reduction motor 7-1 and the right-end reduction motor 7-7 of the 1st intermediate grate mechanism and the 1-1st intermediate grate mechanism without working, operate the left-end reduction motor 7-1 and the right-end reduction motor 7-7 of the 1st intermediate grate mechanism to the 1-2nd intermediate grate mechanism to work, and repeat step 201 until the domestic waste on the 1-1st intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0089] Step 303, following the method of step 302, until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis;

[0090] Step 4: Pyrolysis / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace:

[0091] The domestic waste on the bottom grate mechanism and the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the domestic waste on the I intermediate grate mechanism are pyrolyzed / incinerated; wherein, during the pyrolysis / incineration process of the domestic waste, the top outlet flue gas of the secondary reburning chamber 5-2 in the multi-stage reburning chamber and the flue gas with a low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 are led to the bottom of each layer of the intermediate grate mechanism of the furnace body 1 through the first feedback pipeline, and the entering high-temperature flue gas additionally supplements heat energy to the furnace of the furnace body 1. At the same time, the top outlet flue gas of the secondary reburning chamber 5-2 in the multi-stage reburning chamber and the flue gas with a low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment 10 are fed back to the lower part of the furnace body 1 through the second feedback pipeline 12 to supplement heat energy.

[0092] In this embodiment, in actual use, the domestic waste fed into the lower silo 1 can be crushed to meet the pyrolysis / incineration requirements, which is not specifically limited here.

[0093] In this embodiment, during actual use, the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the first intermediate grate mechanism is first baked during pyrolysis / incineration, and the baked domestic waste is quickly pyrolyzed / incinerated.

[0094] In this embodiment, in actual use, after step four, the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the first intermediate grate mechanism can also be operated to rotate so that the domestic waste that has not been pyrolyzed / incinerated on the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the first intermediate grate mechanism can enter the bottom grate mechanism for sufficient pyrolysis / incineration.

[0095] In summary, the present invention arranges a multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism to realize multi-layer pyrolysis gasification / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace body, thereby increasing the processing capacity per unit area of ​​the grate, meeting the current large-scale domestic waste treatment needs at the county and town levels in my country, while occupying a small space and fully utilizing the heat energy generated by the pyrolysis gasification / incineration of the feedback waste, thereby improving performance and achieving long-term stable operation.

[0096] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent structural change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback, characterized in that: It comprises a furnace body (2), a lower material bin (1) arranged at the top of the furnace body (2), and a bottom grate mechanism (4) arranged at the bottom of the furnace body (2); The furnace body (2) is provided with a heat energy feedback mechanism (6) and multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms (3) arranged in the height direction, wherein the heat energy feedback mechanism (6) comprises multiple groups of middle heat energy feedback mechanisms (6-1) respectively located below the multiple layers of intermediate grate mechanisms (3) and lower heat energy feedback mechanisms (6-2) located below the bottom grate mechanism (4); Each row of the intermediate grate mechanisms (3) comprises a plurality of intermediate grate rollers (7) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the furnace body (2) and an intermediate transmission mechanism that sequentially transmits and connects the plurality of intermediate grate rollers (7).

2. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: A single intermediate grate roller (7) comprises a grate shaft (7-2) rotatably inserted into the furnace body (2), two long teeth (7-3) symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft (7-2), and two groups of short grates symmetrically arranged on the grate shaft (7-2); the two long teeth (7-3) and the two groups of short grates (7-4) are arranged in a cross shape; each group of short grates comprises a plurality of short teeth (7-4) arranged at intervals along the length direction of the grate shaft (7-2); a single short tooth (7-4) is arranged vertically along the radial direction of the grate shaft (7-2); and the grate shaft (7-2) is drivingly connected to the intermediate transmission mechanism.

3. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of grate shafts (7-2) include a left grate shaft, a plurality of intermediate grate shafts and a right grate shaft, the intermediate transmission mechanism includes a left reduction motor (7-1) transmission-connected to the front extension end of the left grate shaft, a right reduction motor (7-7) transmission-connected to the front extension end of the right grate shaft, and a double-row chain (7-5) transmission-connected to the left grate shaft, the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the right grate shaft, the rear extension end of the left grate shaft, the two extension ends of the plurality of intermediate grate shafts and the rear extension end of the right grate shaft are all provided with a double-row sprocket (7-6) for meshing connection with the double-row chain (7-5).

4. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body (2) is connected to a multi-stage re-combustion chamber (5), and the multi-stage re-combustion chamber (5) includes a first re-combustion chamber (5-1) connected to the upper outlet of the side wall of the furnace body (2) and a second re-combustion chamber (5-2) connected to the bottom of the first re-combustion chamber (5-1), the top outlet of the second re-combustion chamber (5-2) is connected to a heat exchanger (9), the flue gas outlet end of the heat exchanger (9) is connected to a deacidification and dust removal device (10), and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal device (10) is connected to a chimney (11).

5. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 4, characterized in that: The middle heat energy feedback mechanism (6-1) comprises a heat energy feedback main pipe (6-11) arranged on the outer wall of the furnace body (2) and a plurality of heat energy feedback branch pipes (6-13) connected to the heat energy feedback main pipe (6-11) and extending into the furnace body (2), wherein the heat energy feedback branch pipes (6-13) are provided with a plurality of through holes, and a first feedback pipeline is provided between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber (5-2) and the flue gas outlet of the deacidification and dust removal equipment (10) and the heat energy feedback main pipe (6-11); The structure of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism (6-2) is the same as that of the middle heat energy feedback mechanism (6-1), and a second feedback pipeline (12) is arranged between the top outlet of the secondary re-combustion chamber (5-2) and the flue gas outlet end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment (10) and the heat energy feedback main pipe (6-11) of the lower heat energy feedback mechanism (6-2).

6. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner side wall of the primary re-combustion chamber (5-1) is provided with a plurality of staggered first turbulence plates (5-3), the inner side wall of the secondary re-combustion chamber (5-2) is provided with a plurality of staggered second turbulence plates (5-4), and the top of the secondary re-combustion chamber (5-2) is higher than the top of the primary re-combustion chamber (5-1).

7. A multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with heat energy feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surface of the long strip teeth (7-3) close to the grate shaft (7-2) is a concave arc surface adapted to the grate shaft (7-2); the length direction of the long strip teeth (7-3) is arranged along the length direction of the grate shaft (7-2); and the cross section of the long strip teeth (7-3) gradually decreases from close to the grate shaft (7-2) to far away from the grate shaft (7-2); The cross section of the short shifting tooth (7-4) is rectangular, and the four corners of the short shifting tooth (7-4) are arranged with rounded corners.

8. A method for using a multi-layer pyrolysis / incineration system for domestic waste with thermal energy feedback, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The multi-layer intermediate grate mechanism (3) is sequentially recorded as the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the Ith intermediate grate mechanism in order from high to low; wherein I is a positive integer, and I is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; Step 2: Fabrication of the bottom grate mechanism: The left-end reduction motor (7-1) and the right-end reduction motor (7-7) of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism are operated, the left-end reduction motor (7-1) drives the left-end grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right-end reduction motor (7-7) drives the right-end grate shaft to rotate, and drives multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through the double-row chain (7-5) and the double-row sprocket (7-6), so that the domestic garbage fed through the lower bin (1) passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the bottom grate mechanism until the domestic garbage on the bottom grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis; Step 3: Fabrication of multi-layer middle grate mechanism: Step 301, the left-end reduction motor (7-1) and the right-end reduction motor (7-7) of the first intermediate grate mechanism are operated to not work, and the left-end reduction motor (7-1) and the right-end reduction motor (7-7) of the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first-first intermediate grate mechanism are operated, the left-end reduction motor (7-1) drives the left-end grate shaft to rotate, and at the same time, the right-end reduction motor (7-7) drives the right-end grate shaft to rotate, and drives the middle multiple intermediate grate shafts to rotate through the double-row chain (7-5) and the double-row sprocket (7-6), so that the crushed domestic waste fed through the discharge bin (1) passes through the first intermediate grate mechanism to the first-first intermediate grate mechanism and falls onto the first intermediate grate mechanism, until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis; Step 302: operate the left-end reduction motor (7-1) and the right-end reduction motor (7-7) of the 1st intermediate grate mechanism and the 1-1st intermediate grate mechanism so that they do not work, operate the left-end reduction motor (7-1) and the right-end reduction motor (7-7) of the 1st intermediate grate mechanism to the 1-2nd intermediate grate mechanism so that they work, and repeat step 201 until the domestic waste on the 1-1st intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis; Step 303, following the method of step 302, until the domestic waste on the first intermediate grate mechanism meets the required thickness for pyrolysis; Step 4: Pyrolysis / incineration of domestic waste in the furnace: The domestic waste on the bottom grate mechanism and the first intermediate grate mechanism, ..., the domestic waste on the I intermediate grate mechanism are pyrolyzed / incinerated; wherein, during the pyrolysis / incineration process of the domestic waste, the top outlet flue gas of the second reburning chamber (5-2) in the multi-stage reburning chamber and the flue gas with a low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment (10) are led to the bottom of each layer of the intermediate grate mechanism of the furnace body (1) through a first feedback pipeline, and the high-temperature flue gas entering additionally supplements heat energy to the furnace of the furnace body (1). At the same time, the top outlet flue gas of the second reburning chamber (5-2) in the multi-stage reburning chamber and the flue gas with a low nitrogen content after purification at the end of the deacidification and dust removal equipment (10) are fed back to the lower part of the furnace body (1) through a second feedback pipeline (12) to supplement heat energy.

Images