Desilting basin sand measuring device for turbid water body

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a desilting basin sand measuring device for turbid water, which comprises a traction object and a heavy object, the heavy object is fixedly connected with the traction object, the heavy object is suspended above a desilting basin through the traction object, and the heavy object is a streamline heavy object with a wide head, a narrow tail and a water-drop-shaped horizontal section. The head of the heavy object faces the upstream of water flow, the streamline heavy object is arranged above the desilting basin, the heavy object sinks into the turbid water body in a hanging mode, the heavy object penetrates through the turbid water body until the heavy object makes contact with the surface of the silt layer and stops sinking, and the accurate silt thickness can be obtained according to the change of the steel wire rope and the measurement error corresponding to the current water flow velocity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, in particular to a sand measuring device for a sedimentation tank in turbid water bodies. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a hydropower station, the water flow will carry a large amount of silt into the sedimentation tank. As time goes by, silt will gradually accumulate in the sedimentation tank. If the thickness of the siltation is not timely understood, it may affect the normal function of the sedimentation tank and reduce its sedimentation effect, which will cause silt to enter the turbine and other equipment, causing wear and damage to the equipment, affecting the power generation efficiency of the hydropower station and the service life of the equipment.

[0003] In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the hydropower station, the sedimentation tank needs to be desilted regularly. Accurately measuring the thickness of the silt is an important basis for determining the timing and amount of desilting, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency of desilting and reducing the cost of desilting.

[0004] When existing ultrasonic and optical instruments are used to measure turbid water bodies, it is difficult for ultrasonic waves and lasers to penetrate the turbid water bodies because the turbid water bodies contain a large amount of silt. The instruments cannot distinguish whether the reflection medium of ultrasonic waves and lasers is the silt in the turbid water bodies or the silt layer below the turbid water bodies. Therefore, it is impossible to measure the accurate accumulated thickness of silt in turbid water bodies. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem that the present application aims to solve is to provide a sedimentation tank sand measuring device that can accurately measure the thickness of silt in turbid water bodies. A streamlined weight is set above the sedimentation tank, and the weight is sunk into the turbid water body in a hanging manner. The weight penetrates the turbid water body until it contacts the surface of the silt layer and stops sinking. The accurate silt thickness can be obtained based on the change of the wire rope and the measurement error corresponding to the water flow velocity at that time.

[0006] The present application adopts the following technical solution: a sand measuring device for a sedimentation tank in turbid water bodies, comprising a traction object and a weight, wherein the weight is fixedly connected to the traction object, and the weight is suspended above the sedimentation tank through the traction object. The weight is a streamlined weight with a wide head and a narrow tail, and a horizontal cross-section in the shape of a water drop, and the head of the weight faces the upstream of the water flow.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom surface of the weight is a plane.

[0008] Preferably, the weight of the weight is greater than or equal to 3 kilograms.

[0009] Preferably, the horizontal cross-section of the head of the weight is circular, and the tail of the weight is a pointed cone.

[0010] Further preferably, the head diameter of the weight is 60-100 mm.

[0011] Further preferably, the length of the weight is 140-160 mm.

[0012] Further preferably, the height of the weight is greater than or equal to 160 mm.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a winch, a controller and a fixed pulley, the traction object is a steel wire rope, the fixed pulley is fixed above the sand settling tank, one end of the steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley and is fixed to the weight, and the controller is connected to the winch.

[0014] Further preferably, it further comprises an opening meter, wherein the opening meter is connected to the winch, and the opening meter is connected to the controller.

[0015] Further preferably, it further comprises a torque sensor, the fixed pulley is fixed above the sand settling tank through a fixed cable, the torque sensor is installed on the fixed cable, and the torque sensor is connected to the controller.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present application sets a streamlined weight in the shape of a water droplet above the sedimentation tank, and sinks the weight into the turbid water body in a hanging manner. The streamlined weight in the shape of a water droplet is affected by the torque in the flowing water body and automatically turns its head toward the upstream direction of the water flow. The water flow is guided by the streamline, thereby reducing the lateral deflection force applied to the weight, thereby reducing the lateral displacement of the weight in the water body, and improving the accuracy of the sand measurement of the device. The weight smoothly penetrates the turbid water body until it contacts the surface of the silt layer and stops sinking. The accurate silt thickness can be obtained based on the change of the wire rope and the measurement error corresponding to the water flow velocity at that time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a streamlined schematic diagram of a heavy object in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A top view of a heavy object in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 The graph is a graph of experimental results of the effects of different water flow rates on the use of streamlined weights and weights of other shapes in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 The graph is a graph of experimental results of the effects of streamlined weights and other shaped weights on the same water flow rate using different weights in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 The graph is a graph of experimental results of the effects of weights of different shapes and dimensions on the same water flow rate in the embodiments of the present application; In the figure: 1. Sedimentation tank; 2. Turbid water; 3. Silt layer; 4. Heavy object; 5. Wire rope; 6. Fixed pulley; 7. Torque sensor; 8. Winch; 9. Fixed rope; A. Diameter of the head of the heavy object; B. Length of the heavy object; C. Height of the heavy object. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example After the river water in the natural world is filtered by the trash racks and barriers upstream of the hydropower station, the river water entering the sedimentation tank has been free of garbage, debris, organisms, stones and other objects, and is only the river water rich in fine sediment. After the sedimentation in the sedimentation tank, Figure 1 As shown, the sedimentation tank is divided into a turbid water body at the upper layer and a silt layer at the lower layer, which provides conditions for the implementation of this embodiment.

[0021] See also Figures 1 to 3 , This embodiment is a sand measuring device for a sedimentation tank in turbid water, comprising a winch, a controller, a fixed pulley, a steel wire rope and a weight, wherein the fixed pulley is fixed above the sedimentation tank, one end of the steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the other end is passed around the fixed pulley and fixed to the weight, and the controller is connected to the winch; the weight is a streamlined weight with a wide head and a narrow tail, and a horizontal cross-section in the shape of a water drop, and the head of the weight faces the upstream of the water flow. By arranging a streamlined weight in the shape of a water drop above the sedimentation tank, the weight is sunk into the turbid water body in a hanging manner, and the streamlined weight in the shape of a water drop is automatically directed toward the upstream direction of the water flow by the torque in the flowing water body, and the water flow is guided by the streamline, thereby reducing the lateral deflection force exerted on the weight, thereby reducing the lateral displacement of the weight in the water body, and improving the accuracy of sand measurement of the device.

[0022] like Figure 4 As shown, a simulation experiment was conducted on the sand measurement of weights of different shapes under the same environment and with other factors being the same. The experimental results showed that for weights of the same specifications, the deviation angle of the water flow velocity for the streamlined weights using the present embodiment is the smallest, that is, the influence of the water flow on the present embodiment is the smallest.

[0023] Preferably, the bottom surface of the weight is a plane. Although the silt in the silt layer is relatively compact, setting the bottom surface of the weight to a plane increases the contact area between the weight and the surface of the silt layer when the weight touches the bottom, further preventing the weight from sinking into the silt, and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0024] Preferably, if Figure 5 As shown, the weight of the streamlined weight used in this embodiment is preferably greater than or equal to 3 kg. When the streamlined weight is less than 3 kg, the weight of the weight has a greater impact on the deviation angle of the wire rope; when the weight exceeds 3 kg, the impact of the weight of the weight on the deviation angle of the wire rope decreases.

[0025] In this embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the horizontal cross-section of the head of the weight is circular, and the tail of the weight is a pointed cone.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, experiments were conducted on the specific shape and size parameters of the streamlined weight used in this embodiment. When the weight of the weight and the water flow velocity were constant, the effects of the water flow on three shape and size parameters of the weight head diameter A, length B and height C were tested respectively. The experimental results show that when the head diameter A of the weight is 60-100 mm, the length B of the weight is 140-160 mm, and the height C of the weight is greater than or equal to 160 mm, the deviation angle of the wire rope produced under the influence of the water flow is smaller, and thus the error produced in sand measurement is also smaller.

[0027] Further preferably, it also includes an opening meter, which is connected to the capstan and connected to the controller. The opening meter can accurately detect the length change of the steel wire rope on the capstan, further improving the sand measurement accuracy of this embodiment.

[0028] As a further preferred embodiment, a torque sensor is further included, the fixed pulley is fixed above the sedimentation tank through a fixed rope, the torque sensor is installed on the fixed rope, and the torque sensor is connected to the controller. The weight is suspended in the air through the fixed pulley, which will generate a downward pulling force on the fixed rope. When measuring sand, after the weight drops and touches the bottom, the pulling force on the fixed rope will decrease, and the torque sensor can instantly monitor and feed back to the controller, and the controller immediately locks the winch and stops the release of the wire rope, thereby improving the response speed of this embodiment and further improving the accuracy of sand measurement.

[0029] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: because the water in the sedimentation tank is in a flowing state, the weight will be offset when it is placed in the sedimentation tank due to the impact of the water flow, and the specifications of the weight are certain. Therefore, when measuring sand, the technician only needs to measure and record the deviation angle of the wire rope under the current water flow rate to calculate the error value of the wire rope, and finally form a corresponding relationship table between the wire rope error value and the water flow rate of the local hydropower station sedimentation tank. When there is no silt layer of silt accumulation in the sedimentation tank, the weight is dropped until it touches the bottom, and the initial length of the wire rope at this time is recorded; when the sand is formally measured in turbid water, the weight smoothly penetrates the turbid water until it contacts the surface of the silt layer and stops sinking, and the sand measurement length of the wire rope at this time is recorded. According to the difference between the initial length of the wire rope and the sand measurement length and the error value of the wire rope corresponding to the water flow rate at that time in the query corresponding relationship table, the sum of the two is the silt thickness.

[0030] A person skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of the present application is limited to these examples. In line with the concept of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0031] One or more embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications and variations that fall within the broad scope of the present application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A sediment measuring device for a sedimentation tank in turbid water, characterized in that: The device comprises a traction object and a weight, wherein the weight is fixedly connected to the traction object and is suspended above the sedimentation tank through the traction object. The weight is a streamlined weight with a wide head and a narrow tail and a water drop shape in horizontal section, and the head of the weight faces the upstream of the water flow.

2. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the weight is a plane.

3. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the heavy object is greater than or equal to 3 kilograms.

4. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal cross section of the head of the weight is circular, and the tail of the weight is a pointed cone.

5. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The head diameter of the weight is 60-100 mm.

6. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the weight is 140-160 mm.

7. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The height of the weight is greater than or equal to 160 mm.

8. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a winch, a controller and a fixed pulley. The traction object is a steel wire rope. The fixed pulley is fixed above the sedimentation tank. One end of the steel wire rope is wound around the winch, and the other end passes around the fixed pulley and is fixed to the weight. The controller is connected to the winch.

9. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The utility model also comprises an opening meter, wherein the opening meter is connected to the capstan, and the opening meter is connected to the controller.

10. The sedimentation tank sand measuring device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a torque sensor. The fixed pulley is fixed above the sedimentation tank through a fixed cable. The torque sensor is installed on the fixed cable. The torque sensor is connected to the controller.

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