Bearing friction torque and axial play comprehensive measurement tooling

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mechanical component detection equipment, and particularly relates to a bearing friction torque and axial clearance comprehensive measurement tool, wherein a displacement sensor is fixed on a magnetic table base, the inner ring of a bearing to be detected is fixed on a bearing test station at the end of a main shaft, the outer ring of the bearing to be detected is fixed on a bearing fixing base, and the bearing test station at the end of the main shaft is further connected with a loading block; a stepping motor is fixed on a motor mounting base, the output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with the input end of a torque sensor through an elastic coupling, the output end of the torque sensor is connected with the main shaft through an elastic coupling; a screw rod is arranged on a screw rod support base, a hand wheel is connected with the screw rod, the screw rod applies pressure through a ball head bolt connected with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is connected with a loading rod, and the end of the loading rod is in point contact with the loading block; and the application can effectively improve the detection efficiency and precision of the bearing friction torque and axial clearance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of mechanical component testing equipment, specifically to a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance. Background Technology

[0002] The frictional torque and axial clearance of a bearing are among its most important parameters, affecting its performance and lifespan. Different operating conditions place different requirements on the frictional torque and axial clearance of a bearing.

[0003] In actual assembly, the required frictional torque and axial clearance are obtained by controlling the magnitude of the axial preload. However, accurately determining the preload is difficult and generally relies on the experience of the assembler. If the axial displacement deformation of the bearing under axial load can be measured, optimal shaft preload can be achieved by pre-controlling the thickness difference of the bearing spacers or preload shims. Currently, most bearing measuring equipment or tooling can only be used for testing a single bearing parameter. Different testing equipment is required when testing frictional torque and axial clearance, resulting in complex procedures, insufficient measurement accuracy, and inability to meet daily testing needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, which solves the technical problems of difficulty in simultaneously detecting bearing friction torque and axial clearance, as well as limited detection efficiency and accuracy in the prior art.

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, including an experimental platform 1, a test shaft system, a spindle drive system, and an axial force loading system;

[0006] The test axis system includes a main shaft 14, a displacement sensor 2, a magnetic base 3, a bearing under test 4, a loading block 5, and a bearing fixing base 15. The magnetic base 3 and the bearing fixing base 15 are fixed on the test bench 1. The displacement sensor 2 is fixed on the magnetic base 3. The inner ring of the bearing under test 4 is fixed to the bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14. The outer ring of the bearing under test 4 is fixed to the bearing fixing base 15. The bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14 is also connected to the loading block 5.

[0007] The spindle drive system includes a stepper motor 10, a motor mounting base 11, a torque sensor 12, and a flexible coupling 13. The motor mounting base 11 is fixed on the test bench 1, and the stepper motor 10 is fixed on the motor mounting base 11. The output shaft of the stepper motor 10 is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 12 through the flexible coupling 13, and the output end of the torque sensor 12 is connected to the spindle 14 through the flexible coupling 13.

[0008] The axial force loading system includes a handwheel 9, a pressure sensor 6, a screw 18, a screw support 8, and a loading rod 16. The screw support 8 is fixed on the experimental platform 1, the screw 18 is mounted on the screw support 8, the handwheel 9 is connected to the screw 18, and the screw 18 applies pressure through a ball head bolt 7 connected to the pressure sensor 6. The pressure sensor 6 is connected to the loading rod 16, and the end of the loading rod 16 makes point contact with the loading block 5.

[0009] Preferably, the bearing testing station at the end of the spindle 14 is specifically configured as follows: a three-section stepped shaft with a first diameter, a second diameter, and a third diameter that increase in sequence is formed at the end of the spindle 14; the inner ring of the bearing 4 to be tested is fixed to the stepped shaft with the second diameter, and the loading block 5 is fixed to the stepped shaft with the third diameter.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic base 3, the bearing fixing base 15, the motor mounting base 11, the torque sensor 12, and the screw support base 8 are all fixedly connected to the experimental table 1 by bolts.

[0011] Preferably, the bearing fixing base 15 has a through hole inside. One end of the through hole is fixed to the outer ring of the bearing 4 to be tested, and the other end of the through hole is connected to the support end cover 17 by bolts. The center of the support end cover 17 has a through hole, and the loading rod 16 is provided inside.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the loading rod 16 is machined into a round head to form a point contact with the rotating loading block 5, and the diameter of the loading block 5 is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the bearing mounting base 15.

[0013] Preferably, an axial preload is applied to the bearing 4 under test by rotating the handwheel 9; the axial preload is collected by the pressure sensor 6.

[0014] Preferably, the torque value measured by the torque sensor 12 is the friction torque of the bearing 4 under test; by placing the probe of the displacement sensor 2 close to the inner ring surface of the bearing 4 under test, the axial clearance of the bearing 4 under test is obtained based on the position change measured by the displacement sensor 2 before and after the application of axial preload.

[0015] Preferably, the spindle 14 and the inner ring of the bearing 4 under test are in a transition fit; the outer ring of the bearing 4 under test and the bearing mounting base 15 are in a transition fit, so that the outer ring of the bearing 4 under test and the bearing mounting base 15 will not rotate relative to each other.

[0016] On one hand, the present invention provides a method for using a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] Step S1: Place the bearing to be tested 4 in the bearing mounting base 15, and pass the spindle 14 through the inner ring of the bearing. Apply axial preload through the handwheel 9 and screw 18. Read the magnitude of the axial preload through the pressure sensor 6 and make it reach the first preload magnitude that meets the test requirements.

[0018] Step S2: Measure the axial clearance corresponding to the magnitude of the first preload using displacement sensor 2, start stepper motor 10, and the measured value of torque sensor 12 is the starting friction torque of the bearing 4 under test.

[0019] Step S3: After the stepper motor 10 reaches the first speed, the torque sensor 12 synchronously collects the magnitude of the friction torque of the bearing under test 4 at the first speed and the magnitude of the first preload, and the displacement sensor 2 synchronously collects the magnitude of the axial clearance of the bearing under test 4 at the first speed and the magnitude of the first preload, as the measurement result.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) This invention integrates the testing fixtures for friction torque and axial clearance into one system, enabling simultaneous testing of bearing friction torque and axial clearance under different axial preloads. This improves testing efficiency and reduces errors caused by multiple clamping and disassembly processes, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0022] (2) This invention employs a simple handwheel screw loading method and a lever-type displacement sensor. Axial preload is applied via the handwheel screw, causing axial displacement of the bearing inner ring. The displacement sensor monitors the axial clearance change in real time, and the torque sensor reads the magnitude of the frictional torque. This simplifies the operation process, making equipment maintenance and use more convenient and efficient, and is suitable for application in actual working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the integrated measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the shaft system to be tested provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A top view of the overall structure of the bearing friction torque and axial clearance integrated measurement fixture provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure reference numerals: 1-Experimental platform; 2-Displacement sensor; 3-Magnetic base; 4-Bearing to be tested; 5-Loading block; 6-Pressure sensor; 7-Ball head bolt; 8-Screw support; 9-Handwheel; 10-Stepper motor; 11-Motor mounting base; 12-Torque sensor; 13-Flexible coupling; 14-Main shaft; 15-Bearing fixing base; 16-Loading rod; 17-Support end cap; 18-Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To better understand the above-described objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other. Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0029] To illustrate the effectiveness of the method proposed in this invention, the following detailed description of the above technical solution is provided through a specific embodiment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance is disclosed, comprising:

[0030] Experimental bench 1, spindle drive system, test shaft system and axial force loading system;

[0031] The test shaft system includes a main shaft 14, a bearing 4 to be tested, and a bearing mounting base 15. The bearing mounting base 15 is fixed on the test bench 1. The main shaft 14 is provided with a test station for installing a single bearing 4 to be tested. The bearing 4 to be tested is installed at the test station of the main shaft 14 and is installed in the bearing mounting base 15. The main shaft 14 is a three-section stepped shaft. The bearing test station at the end of the main shaft 14 has a T-shaped structure, that is, it has an outward flange at the end of the main shaft 14. The outward flange can press down on the inner ring of the bearing to apply axial force to the bearing. The other side of the end of the main shaft 14 cooperates with the loading block 5 to transmit axial preload. The diameter of the main shaft section that cooperates with the bearing is larger than the remaining shaft sections to avoid interference during the measurement process of the lever-type displacement sensor 2.

[0032] The spindle drive system includes a stepper motor 10, a motor mounting base 11, a torque sensor 12, and a flexible coupling 13. The motor mounting base 11 is bolted to the test bench 1, and the stepper motor 10 is bolted to the motor mounting base 11. The output shaft of the stepper motor 10 is connected to the input end of the torque sensor 12 via the flexible coupling 13, and the output end of the torque sensor 12 is connected to the spindle 14 of the test shaft system via the flexible coupling 13. When the stepper motor 10 drives the inner ring of the bearing 4 under test to rotate, the output torque value of the stepper motor 10 is the same as the load torque, and the load torque is equal to the friction torque of the bearing 4 under test. The torque value measured by the torque sensor 12 is the friction torque of the bearing 4 under test.

[0033] The axial force loading system includes a handwheel 9, a pressure sensor 6, a screw support 8, and a loading rod 16. Axial preload is applied by rotating the handwheel 9. The handwheel 9 is keyed to the screw to transmit torque. The screw 18, under preload, presses against the ball head bolt 7 of the pressure sensor 6. The other end of the pressure sensor 6 is threadedly connected to the loading rod 16. The bottom of the screw support 8 is bolted to the experimental platform 1. After the axial load is applied by the handwheel 9, the axial preload can be detected by the pressure sensor 6.

[0034] The bearing mounting base 15 has a stepped through hole inside. One end is used to fix the outer ring of the bearing 4 under test, and the other end is connected to the support end cover 17 by bolts. The center of the support end cover 17 has a through hole to hold the loading rod 16 of the axial force loading system. The support end cover 17 and the loading rod 16 form a clearance fit to reduce interference with the axial preload. The side is slotted and connected to the test bench 1 by bolts.

[0035] The spindle 14 and the inner ring of the bearing are fitted with a transition fit for easy assembly; the outer ring of the bearing and the bearing mounting base are fitted with a transition fit to ensure that the outer ring of the bearing will not rotate.

[0036] The preload applied by the loading rod 16 of the loading system acts on the rotating loading block 5. The end of the loading rod 16 is machined with a rounded head to form point contact with the rotating loading block 5. The loading block 5 acts on the end of the spindle 14, and the end of the spindle 14 transmits pressure to the inner ring of the bearing through a stepped shaft. The diameter of the loading block 5 is smaller than the diameter of the internal through hole of the bearing mounting base 15 to avoid the influence of frictional torque during rotation.

[0037] In some embodiments, the present invention uses a lever contact displacement sensor 2 to measure axial clearance, avoiding interference when measuring bearing axial clearance. The lever displacement sensor 2 is mounted on a magnetic base 3 for easy adjustment.

[0038] In some embodiments, the torque sensor 12 used in this invention can measure the starting friction torque and the dynamic friction torque. When measuring the bearing clearance using the lever displacement sensor 2, the sensor probe is first placed tightly against the surface of the bearing inner ring to obtain a stable value A. After applying a preload, a stable value B is measured again, and the bearing clearance is the value AB.

[0039] In some embodiments, the measuring fixture of the present invention further includes a control section, including stepper motor speed control and measurement signal transmission. This content is prior art and will not be described further in this embodiment.

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention also disclose a method for using a comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, comprising:

[0041] Step S1: Place the bearing to be tested 4 in the bearing mounting base 15, and pass the spindle 14 through the inner ring of the bearing. Apply axial preload through the handwheel 9 and screw 18. Read the magnitude of the axial preload through the pressure sensor 6 and make it reach the first preload magnitude that meets the test requirements.

[0042] Step S2: Measure the axial clearance corresponding to the magnitude of the first preload using displacement sensor 2, start stepper motor 10, and the measured value of torque sensor 12 is the starting friction torque of the bearing 4 to be tested.

[0043] Step S3: After the stepper motor 10 reaches the first speed, the torque sensor 12 synchronously collects the magnitude of the friction torque of the bearing under test 4 at the first speed and the magnitude of the first preload, and the displacement sensor 2 synchronously collects the magnitude of the axial clearance of the bearing under test 4 at the first speed and the magnitude of the first preload, as the measurement result.

[0044] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0046] In this invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance, characterized in that, include: Experimental bench (1), test shaft system, spindle drive system, axial force loading system; The test shaft system includes a spindle (14), a displacement sensor (2), a magnetic base (3), a bearing to be tested (4), a loading block (5), and a bearing fixing base (15); the magnetic base (3) and the bearing fixing base (15) are fixed on the test bench (1), the displacement sensor (2) is fixed on the magnetic base (3), the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the bearing test station at the end of the spindle (14), the outer ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the bearing fixing base (15), and the bearing test station at the end of the spindle (14) is also connected to the loading block (5); The spindle drive system includes a stepper motor (10), a motor mounting base (11), a torque sensor (12), and a flexible coupling (13). The motor mounting base (11) is fixed on the experimental platform (1), and the stepper motor (10) is fixed on the motor mounting base (11). The output shaft of the stepper motor (10) is connected to the input end of the torque sensor (12) through the flexible coupling (13), and the output end of the torque sensor (12) is connected to the spindle (14) through the flexible coupling (13). The axial force loading system includes a handwheel (9), a pressure sensor (6), a screw (18), a screw support seat (8), and a loading rod (16); the screw support seat (8) is fixed on the experimental table (1), the screw (18) is set on the screw support seat (8), the handwheel (9) is connected to the screw (18), the screw (18) applies pressure through the ball head bolt (7) connected to the pressure sensor (6), the pressure sensor (6) is connected to the loading rod (16), and the end of the loading rod (16) makes point contact with the loading block (5); The bearing testing station at the end of the main shaft (14) is specifically formed as follows: a three-section stepped shaft with a first diameter, a second diameter, and a third diameter that increase in sequence is formed at the end of the main shaft (14); the inner ring of the bearing to be tested (4) is fixed to the stepped shaft with the second diameter, and the loading block (5) is fixed to the stepped shaft with the third diameter. The bearing fixing base (15) has a through hole inside. One end of the through hole is fixed to the outer ring of the bearing (4) to be tested. The other end of the through hole is connected to the support end cover (17) by bolts. The center of the support end cover (17) is a through hole, and the loading rod (16) is provided inside. The end of the loading rod (16) is machined into a round head to form a point contact with the rotating loading block (5). The diameter of the loading block (5) is smaller than the diameter of the through hole inside the bearing mounting base (15).

2. The comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic base (3), bearing fixing base (15), motor mounting base (11), torque sensor (12) and screw support base (8) are all fixedly connected to the experimental table (1) by bolts.

3. The comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 2, characterized in that: An axial preload is applied to the bearing (4) under test by rotating the handwheel (9); the axial preload is collected by the pressure sensor (6).

4. The comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 3, characterized in that: The torque value measured by the torque sensor (12) is the friction torque of the bearing (4) under test; by pressing the probe of the displacement sensor (2) against the inner ring surface of the bearing (4) under test, the axial clearance of the bearing (4) under test is obtained according to the position change measured by the displacement sensor (2) before and after applying the axial preload.

5. The comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner ring of the spindle (14) and the bearing (4) under test are in transition fit; the outer ring of the bearing (4) under test and the bearing fixing base (15) are in transition fit, so that the outer ring of the bearing (4) under test and the bearing fixing base (15) will not rotate relative to each other.

6. The method of using the comprehensive measuring fixture for bearing friction torque and axial clearance according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Place the bearing to be tested (4) in the bearing mounting base (15), and pass the spindle (14) through the inner ring of the bearing. Apply axial preload through the handwheel (9) and screw (18), read the magnitude of the axial preload through the pressure sensor (6), and make it reach the first preload magnitude that meets the test requirements. Step S2: Measure the axial clearance corresponding to the magnitude of the first preload using the displacement sensor (2), start the stepper motor (10), and the measured value of the torque sensor (12) is the starting friction torque of the bearing (4) to be tested; Step S3: After the stepper motor (10) reaches the first speed, the friction torque of the bearing under test (4) at the first speed and the first preload is collected synchronously by the torque sensor (12), and the axial clearance of the bearing under test (4) at the first speed and the first preload is collected synchronously by the displacement sensor (2) as the measurement result.

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