Data element development method based on government affair block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses a data element development method based on a government affair block chain, and relates to the technical field of block chains, and the data element development method comprises the steps: constructing a government affair block chain service platform comprising a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism, an electronic certificate and an electronic signature technology; a four-factor pricing model of a data element market is adopted, and the full life cycle of data elements in market circulation is recorded; and establishing an intelligent contract system model, and combining the intelligent contract with the micro-service architecture. According to the data element development method provided by the invention, the government affair block chain service platform including a block chain encryption algorithm, a consensus mechanism, an electronic certificate and an electronic signature technology is constructed, efficient sharing of data among government affair departments is realized, and the data element development efficiency is improved by constructing the efficient, safe and flexible government affair block chain service platform. Efficient sharing of data, clear ownership, value measurement, flexible deployment of intelligent contracts, and auditing and tracing of the whole life cycle of the data are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of blockchain technology, and specifically to a data element development method based on government affairs blockchain. Background Art

[0002] The existing blockchain service platform has certain functions and performance, and can achieve one-click deployment access, decentralized trust mechanism, support for private chain and alliance chain modes, as well as private deployment and network operation and maintenance management capabilities. The underlying platform is compatible with a variety of open source blockchain engine technologies, such as Hyperledger Fabric and FISCO BCOS, providing developers with a variety of choices and flexible deployment methods. In addition, the existing technology has also split modules and integrated service resources for the full life cycle management of the blockchain network to improve the platform's operational efficiency and maintainability;

[0003] However, the existing technology still has shortcomings in the application of smart contracts and data query efficiency. Due to the strong coupling relationship between smart contracts and nodes in the blockchain network, the flexibility and scalability of smart contracts are limited. At the same time, with the increasing number of blocks in the blockchain, data query efficiency has become an urgent problem to be solved. At present, smart contracts are more and more widely used in blockchain, but due to the strong coupling relationship between them and nodes, the decoupling and containerization of smart contracts has become a research hotspot. After decoupling and containerizing smart contracts, it is more convenient to use automated tools that support DevOps for development, operation and management. However, research in this field is still insufficient and requires further technological innovation and practical exploration. In the government scenario, data sharing faces challenges such as unclear definition of ownership, inconsistent quality standards, inability to measure value, and difficult privacy protection. Blockchain-based data sharing solutions can solve these problems to a certain extent, but due to technical limitations and imperfect laws and regulations, there are still many obstacles in practical applications, especially in terms of data privacy protection. More effective technical means are needed to ensure the security and reliability of data during sharing. To this end, we propose a data element development method based on government blockchain. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a data element development method based on the government blockchain is provided. This technical solution solves the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The data element development method based on the government blockchain, the steps of the data element development method are:

[0007] Build a government blockchain service platform that includes blockchain encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, electronic certificates, and electronic signature technologies;

[0008] Adopt the "four-factor pricing model" of the data factor market to record the entire life cycle of data factors in the market;

[0009] Establish a smart contract system model and combine smart contracts with microservice architecture;

[0010] Conduct functional testing, performance testing, and security testing on the government blockchain service platform, and optimize and improve the system based on the test results.

[0011] Preferably, the method for constructing a government blockchain service platform is:

[0012] Determine the core functions that the government blockchain service platform needs to support, including data sharing, data rights confirmation, data valuation, and electronic evidence storage, and analyze the data sharing needs, data privacy protection needs, and compliance requirements among government departments;

[0013] Select an open source blockchain engine that supports both private chain and alliance chain modes and introduce privacy computing technology;

[0014] Design the overall system architecture based on the core functions required;

[0015] Design the creation, management and operation and maintenance monitoring functions of blockchain, including: alliance management, blockchain network management, channel management, CA services, access control and operation monitoring;

[0016] Propose a smart contract microservice framework and design a smart contract system model.

[0017] Preferably, the full life cycle method for recording data requirements in the market is:

[0018] Based on data attributes, we build a "four-factor pricing model" for data;

[0019] Data value is the sum of compensation value and added value. Compensation value includes the fixed asset investment cost, intangible asset investment cost and management cost required in the data life cycle. Added value represents the profit of enterprise data investment, that is, the benefit that data brings to the enterprise and society. The calculation method of data value is:

[0020] P=V i (1+ER i )

[0021] In the formula, P represents data value, V represents cost, i represents data capital, ER represents cost investment return, and V i represents the cost V,ER paid by the enterprise for data capital i i It represents the return on investment of data capital i by the enterprise;

[0022] Among them, V i The calculation formula is:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, C represents the input, r represents the discount rate, n represents the total amount of data capital, and C i Represents the enterprise’s investment in data capital.

[0025] Preferably, the calculation method of the investment return rate of data capital i is:

[0026] Construct a data capital investment rate of return model, assuming that the existence of data capital is to obtain the maximum return, the data capital market is in a state of perfect competition, corporate profits determine the supply and demand and flow direction of data capital, data capital information is sufficient, and the expected return on investment can be estimated. The influencing factor of data capital return in this model is the measured data investment systematic risk. The calculation method of the data capital investment rate of return model is:

[0027] ER i =R fi +β i (ER m -R fi )

[0028] In the formula, ER m represents the average return on enterprise data capital, R fi represents the risk-free rate of return on data capital stock, β i represents the correlation coefficient;

[0029] β i The coefficient reflects the correlation between the change of data capital return rate and the change of data system risk, β i A large coefficient indicates that the system risk is large, and the expected rate of return is high. On the contrary, β i The coefficient is small, the system risk is small, and the expected rate of return is low;

[0030] When pricing data, it is necessary to include heterogeneous value returns, so the investment return model of data capital is modified as follows:

[0031] ER i =α i +R fi +β i (ER m -R fi )

[0032] In the formula, α i represents the idiosyncratic value return.

[0033] Preferably, the method of establishing a smart contract system model and combining smart contracts with microservice architecture is:

[0034] Decouple smart contracts from the blockchain network and package the decoupled smart contracts in containers;

[0035] Design a smart contract microservice framework, use smart contracts as microservices, each smart contract is an independent microservice instance, and use the Kubernetes container orchestration platform to orchestrate smart contracts;

[0036] In the system implementation of the smart contract system model, the participants include the signer a, the receiver b and the key generation center KGC. The steps are:

[0037] KGC performs the registration steps, inputs security parameters, and outputs public parameter information and system master key information;

[0038] Partial key generation step: input user-related information and system master key information, and the user and KGC collaborate to generate user partial key information;

[0039] Execute the user private key generation step and output the user private key information;

[0040] Execute the user public key generation step and output the user public key information;

[0041] Execute the signcryption operation. The signer a outputs the ciphertext information based on the public parameters and plaintext.

[0042] Execute the decryption operation, and the receiver b outputs the plaintext information according to the public parameters;

[0043] Execute the signature verification step, and the receiver b verifies the decrypted plaintext message based on the public parameters;

[0044] Use the blockchain platform as the underlying infrastructure of smart contracts and deploy containerized smart contracts on the blockchain network.

[0045] Preferably, the smart contract microservice framework decouples several consensus nodes containing smart contracts into smart contracts and consensus nodes, and containerizes the smart contracts and consensus nodes. The containerized smart contracts and consensus node containers communicate through a communication unit based on the remote procedure call protocol.

[0046] Preferably, the smart contract system model is established, and the online signing process of the contract is divided into the initiator and the confirmer. The contract signing process between parties A and B based on blockchain technology includes: contract creation and confirmation, contract addition, update and deletion. The contract content is digitally signed and confirmed by both parties, and the contract is signed and confirmed by both parties in multiple rounds of signing process.

[0047] Preferably, the method of contract creation and confirmation is:

[0048] A and B jointly determine the content of the contract m;

[0049] A digitally signs the contract content m and generates a signature SigA;

[0050] B digitally signs the same contract content m and generates a signature SigB;

[0051] A receives SigB, and after confirming that it is correct, it sequentially confirms SigB and generates a confirmation signature SigA_on_SigB;

[0052] B receives SigA and SigA_on_SigB, and after confirming that they are correct, it sequentially confirms SigA and generates a confirmation signature SigB_on_SigA;

[0053] A and B exchange SigA_on_SigB and SigB_on_SigA to ensure that both parties have confirmed the signature of the other party;

[0054] In the transaction order output, A and B each add their own transaction address as the termination condition;

[0055] If the contract is proceeding normally, both parties will issue a transaction order to confirm the contract. If the contract needs to be terminated, either party can issue a transaction order to terminate the contract and point to an empty destination address.

[0056] The blockchain network processes transaction orders through a consensus mechanism. When there are conflicting transaction orders, it ensures that only one transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain.

[0057] Preferably, the methods for adding, updating and deleting contracts are:

[0058] Determine the contract content m′ to be added, updated or deleted;

[0059] At the end transaction order Tc of the existing contract, a new transaction order is constructed for content modification. The output Out of Tc points to the public key addresses of A and B, allowing both parties to initiate subsequent contract management. A verification script is set to indicate that either A or B can initiate subsequent management.

[0060] Assume A is the initiator, constructs a transaction order containing m′, and digitally signs m′ with SigA_m′. A sends the transaction order containing SigA_m′ to B. After receiving it, B confirms m′ and generates its own digital signature SigB_m′. B returns the transaction order containing SigB_m′ to A, completing the signature confirmation of m′ by both parties.

[0061] The blockchain network processes the transaction order containing m′ and the signatures of both parties through a consensus mechanism to ensure that only one valid transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain;

[0062] If the contract update is not completed, either party can initiate a transaction order containing dm′ to indicate the termination of the contract update. The blockchain network also handles the termination message through the consensus mechanism.

[0063] Preferably, the government blockchain platform uses blockchain to record every operation record of data generation, circulation, processing and final destruction. The audit log contains the operation time, operation type, operation subject, operation content, and links the operation content to the blockchain through a hash value. The audit log stored on the blockchain can be traced back to verify the source of the data, modification history and final status.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0065] The data element development method proposed in the present invention realizes efficient sharing of data among government departments by constructing a government blockchain service platform including blockchain encryption algorithm, consensus mechanism, electronic certificate, and electronic signature technology, while ensuring the security and privacy protection of data during the sharing process. The method adopts the "four-factor pricing model" of the data element market to record the entire life cycle of data elements in the market circulation, so that the ownership of the data can be clearly defined and the value of the data can be reasonably measured, which solves the problem that the ownership of the data cannot be clearly defined and the value cannot be measured. By decoupling the smart contract from the blockchain network and packaging it in a container, and then combining it with the microservice architecture, the flexibility and scalability of the smart contract are improved, making the development, operation and maintenance of the smart contract more convenient. By constructing an efficient, secure, and flexible government blockchain service platform, efficient sharing of data, clear ownership, value measurement, flexible deployment of smart contracts, and audit and traceability of the entire life cycle of data are realized, which is of great significance to improving the management level and utilization efficiency of government data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 Develop a methodological step diagram for data elements based on the government blockchain;

[0067] Figure 2 This is the basic structure diagram of the government blockchain service platform. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art may think of other obvious variations.

[0069] Reference Figure 1As shown in the figure, the data element development method based on the government blockchain has the following steps:

[0070] Build a government blockchain service platform that includes blockchain encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, electronic certificates, and electronic signature technologies;

[0071] Adopt the "four-factor pricing model" of the data factor market to record the entire life cycle of data factors in the market;

[0072] Establish a smart contract system model and combine smart contracts with microservice architecture;

[0073] Conduct functional testing, performance testing, and security testing on the government blockchain service platform, and optimize and improve the system based on the test results;

[0074] The government blockchain service platform has the functions of protecting data ownership, traceability of authorized operations, ensuring consistent data expression, realizing data value circulation, and data encryption to protect privacy. Blockchain is a specific data structure that stores data blocks in a chronological chain and is regarded as a distributed ledger. When a new transaction is generated, the transaction is written to a new block, and all nodes in the network participate in verifying the block through a consensus protocol. Once a new block is verified, it is added to the chain and cannot be deleted, thereby ensuring that the data in the blockchain cannot be forged, tampered with, and is traceable.

[0075] The method of building a government blockchain service platform is:

[0076] Determine the core functions that the government blockchain service platform needs to support, including data sharing, data rights confirmation, data valuation, and electronic evidence storage, and analyze the data sharing needs, data privacy protection needs, and compliance requirements among government departments;

[0077] Select an open source blockchain engine that supports both private chain and alliance chain modes and introduce privacy computing technology;

[0078] Design the overall system architecture based on the core functions required;

[0079] Design the creation, management and operation and maintenance monitoring functions of blockchain, including: alliance management, blockchain network management, channel management, CA services, access control and operation monitoring;

[0080] Propose a smart contract microservice framework and design a smart contract system model;

[0081] As a data exchange platform supported by blockchain technology, the trusted data exchange solution accurately connects data users, data providers, modeling service providers and Shuliantong, the regulator of the trusted data exchange platform, to achieve on-chain operations of identity data, data directory, data authorization and data sharing data. The trusted data exchange solution supports multiple data exchange modes, supports encrypted ciphertext data exchange and sharing, supports sharing based on data directory and data authorization, and also supports data sharing based on data model and data calculation;

[0082] The trusted data exchange solution mainly solves four problems:

[0083] First: Data ownership. Once data is on the blockchain, ownership is confirmed. At the same time, the scope of data sharing is intelligently limited to implement the orderly transfer and flow of data ownership.

[0084] Second: Data quality measurement: Through smart contracts and business consensus, the trusted data exchange solution provides a consistent, rule-based way to measure data quality;

[0085] Third: Data pricing: The solution supports the implementation of complex pricing models through smart contracts, supports data exchange or paid use, and realizes an efficient and secure multi-party benefit distribution mechanism;

[0086] Fourth: Data security and privacy include differential privacy and homomorphic encryption, which can realize data computing tasks under the premise of protecting personal information. At the same time, the solution has transparent log records and traceability and non-tamperability, supporting secure and transparent traceability auditing;

[0087] The trusted data exchange solution realizes the circulation of data content and data value without the need for centralized collection, which can effectively avoid data monopoly, protect data ownership, reduce the cost of multi-party game and data circulation, and improve the efficiency of data use.

[0088] The full life cycle approach to recording data requirements in the market is:

[0089] Based on data attributes, we build a "four-factor pricing model" for data;

[0090] Data value is the sum of compensation value and added value. Compensation value includes the fixed asset investment cost, intangible asset investment cost and management cost required in the data life cycle. Added value represents the profit of enterprise data investment, that is, the benefit that data brings to the enterprise and society. The calculation method of data value is:

[0091] P=V i (1+ER i )

[0092] In the formula, P represents data value, V represents cost, i represents data capital, ER represents cost investment return, and Vi represents the cost V,ER paid by the enterprise for data capital i i It represents the return on investment of data capital i by the enterprise;

[0093] Among them, V i The calculation formula is:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, C represents the input, r represents the discount rate, n represents the total amount of data capital, and C i Represents the enterprise’s investment in data capital.

[0096] The calculation method of data capital i investment return rate is:

[0097] Construct a data capital investment rate of return model, assuming that the existence of data capital is to obtain the maximum return, the data capital market is in a state of perfect competition, corporate profits determine the supply and demand and flow direction of data capital, data capital information is sufficient, and the expected return on investment can be estimated. The influencing factor of data capital return in this model is the measured data investment systematic risk. The calculation method of the data capital investment rate of return model is:

[0098] ER i =R fi +β i (ER m -R fi )

[0099] In the formula, ER m represents the average return on enterprise data capital, R fi represents the risk-free rate of return on data capital stock, β i represents the correlation coefficient;

[0100] β i The coefficient reflects the correlation between the change of data capital return rate and the change of data system risk, β i A large coefficient indicates that the system risk is large, and the expected rate of return is high. On the contrary, β i The coefficient is small, the system risk is small, and the expected rate of return is low;

[0101] When pricing data, it is necessary to include heterogeneous value returns, so the investment return model of data capital is modified as follows:

[0102] ER i =α i +R fi +β i (ER m -R fi )

[0103] In the formula, αi represents the idiosyncratic value return.

[0104] The method of building a smart contract system model and combining smart contracts with microservice architecture is as follows:

[0105] Decouple smart contracts from the blockchain network and package the decoupled smart contracts in containers;

[0106] Design a smart contract microservice framework, use smart contracts as microservices, each smart contract is an independent microservice instance, and use the Kubernetes container orchestration platform to orchestrate smart contracts;

[0107] In the system implementation of the smart contract system model, the participants include the signer a, the receiver b and the key generation center KGC. The steps are:

[0108] KGC performs the registration steps, inputs security parameters, and outputs public parameter information and system master key information;

[0109] Partial key generation step: input user-related information and system master key information, and the user and KGC collaborate to generate user partial key information;

[0110] Execute the user private key generation step and output the user private key information;

[0111] Execute the user public key generation step and output the user public key information;

[0112] Execute the signcryption operation. The signer a outputs the ciphertext information based on the public parameters and plaintext.

[0113] Execute the decryption operation, and the receiver b outputs the plaintext information according to the public parameters;

[0114] Execute the signature verification step, and the receiver b verifies the decrypted plaintext message based on the public parameters;

[0115] Use the blockchain platform as the underlying infrastructure of smart contracts and deploy containerized smart contracts on the blockchain network;

[0116] Smart contracts are decoupled from the underlying consensus network nodes and containerized and orchestrated and hosted in the Kubernetes cluster. The decoupled smart contracts can be "plug and play" on the blockchain network. After the smart contracts are transformed into microservices, various DevOps-supported automation tools can be applied to the smart contract field, expanding the smart contract development and operation tool library. Smart contract technology can automatically manage and execute the data sharing and open utilization rules agreed upon between government departments, creating a trusted data sharing and open environment;

[0117] The smart contract microservice framework decouples several consensus nodes containing smart contracts into smart contracts and consensus nodes, and containerizes the smart contracts and consensus nodes. The containerized smart contracts and consensus node containers communicate through communication units based on the remote procedure call protocol.

[0118] The establishment of the smart contract system model, the online signing process of the contract is divided into the initiator and the confirmer, the contract signing process between parties A and B based on blockchain technology, the contract content is digitally signed and confirmed by both parties, and the contract is signed and confirmed by both parties in multiple rounds of signing process.

[0119] The methods for contract creation and confirmation are:

[0120] A and B jointly determine the content of the contract m;

[0121] A digitally signs the contract content m and generates a signature SigA;

[0122] B digitally signs the same contract content m and generates a signature SigB;

[0123] A receives SigB, and after confirming that it is correct, it sequentially confirms SigB and generates a confirmation signature SigA_on_SigB;

[0124] B receives SigA and SigA_on_SigB, and after confirming that they are correct, it sequentially confirms SigA and generates a confirmation signature SigB_on_SigA;

[0125] A and B exchange SigA_on_SigB and SigB_on_SigA to ensure that both parties have confirmed the signature of the other party;

[0126] In the transaction order output, A and B each add their own transaction address as the termination condition;

[0127] If the contract is proceeding normally, both parties will issue a transaction order to confirm the contract. If the contract needs to be terminated, either party can issue a transaction order to terminate the contract and point to an empty destination address.

[0128] The blockchain network processes transaction orders through a consensus mechanism. When there are conflicting transaction orders, it ensures that only one transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain.

[0129] The methods for adding, updating and deleting contracts are:

[0130] Determine the contract content m′ to be added, updated or deleted;

[0131] At the end transaction order Tc of the existing contract, a new transaction order is constructed for content modification. The output Out of Tc points to the public key addresses of A and B, allowing both parties to initiate subsequent contract management. A verification script is set to indicate that either A or B can initiate subsequent management.

[0132] Assume A is the initiator, constructs a transaction order containing m′, and digitally signs m′ with SigA_m′. A sends the transaction order containing SigA_m′ to B. After receiving it, B confirms m′ and generates its own digital signature SigB_m′. B returns the transaction order containing SigB_m′ to A, completing the signature confirmation of m′ by both parties.

[0133] The blockchain network processes the transaction order containing m′ and the signatures of both parties through a consensus mechanism to ensure that only one valid transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain;

[0134] If the contract update is not completed, either party can initiate a transaction order containing dm′ to indicate the termination of the contract update. The blockchain network also handles the termination message through the consensus mechanism.

[0135] The government blockchain platform integrates data auditing and uses blockchain to record every operation record of data generation, circulation, processing and final destruction. The audit log contains the operation time, operation type, operation subject, operation content, and links the operation content to the blockchain through a hash value. The audit log stored on the blockchain can be traced back to verify the source of the data, modification history and final status.

[0136] The usage process of the present invention is: constructing a government blockchain service platform that includes blockchain encryption algorithm, consensus mechanism, electronic certificate, and electronic signature technology, adopting the "four-factor pricing model" of the data element market, recording the entire life cycle of data elements in the market circulation, establishing a smart contract system model, combining smart contracts with microservice architecture, and conducting functional testing, performance testing, and security testing on the government blockchain service platform. According to the test results, the government blockchain service platform is optimized and improved. The government blockchain platform integrates a data audit module, and uses blockchain to record data operation records and conduct traceability verification.

[0137] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are: improving data sharing efficiency and security, clarifying data ownership and value measurement, enhancing the flexibility of smart contracts, optimizing data query efficiency, realizing data full life cycle audit and traceability, ensuring government data compliance, and providing flexible and diverse deployment methods. These innovations jointly build an efficient, secure, and flexible government blockchain service platform, significantly improving the management level and utilization efficiency of government data.

[0138] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions only describe the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A data element development method based on the government blockchain, characterized in that: The steps of the data element development method are: Build a government blockchain service platform that includes blockchain encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, electronic certificates, and electronic signature technologies; Adopt the "four-factor pricing model" of the data factor market to record the entire life cycle of data factors in the market; Establish a smart contract system model and combine smart contracts with microservice architecture; Conduct functional testing, performance testing, and security testing on the government blockchain service platform, and optimize and improve the system based on the test results.

2. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of building a government blockchain service platform is: Determine the core functions that the government blockchain service platform needs to support, including data sharing, data rights confirmation, data valuation, and electronic evidence storage, and analyze the data sharing needs, data privacy protection needs, and compliance requirements among government departments; Select an open source blockchain engine that supports both private chain and alliance chain modes and introduce privacy computing technology; Design the overall system architecture based on the core functions required; Design the creation, management and operation and maintenance monitoring functions of blockchain, including: alliance management, blockchain network management, channel management, CA services, access control and operation monitoring; Propose a smart contract microservice framework and design a smart contract system model.

3. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The full life cycle approach to recording data requirements in the market is: Based on data attributes, build a "four-factor pricing model" for data; Data value is the sum of compensation value and added value. Compensation value includes the fixed asset investment cost, intangible asset investment cost and management cost required in the data life cycle. Added value represents the profit of enterprise data investment, that is, the benefit that data brings to the enterprise and society. The calculation method of data value is: P=V i (1+IS i ) In the formula, P represents data value, V represents cost, i represents data capital, ER represents cost investment return, and V i represents the cost V,ER paid by the enterprise for data capital i i It represents the return on investment of data capital i by the enterprise; Among them, V i The calculation formula is: In the formula, C represents the input, r represents the discount rate, n represents the total amount of data capital, and C i Represents the enterprise's investment in data capital.

4. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The calculation method of data capital i investment return rate is: Construct a data capital investment rate of return model, assuming that the existence of data capital is to obtain the maximum return, the data capital market is in a state of perfect competition, corporate profits determine the supply and demand and flow direction of data capital, data capital information is sufficient, and the expected return on investment can be estimated. The influencing factor of data capital return in this model is the measured data investment systematic risk. The calculation method of the data capital investment rate of return model is: IS i =R fi +β i (IS m -R fi ) In the formula, ER m represents the average return on enterprise data capital, R fi represents the risk-free rate of return on data capital stock, β i represents the correlation coefficient; β i The coefficient reflects the correlation between the change of data capital return rate and the change of data system risk, β i A large coefficient indicates that the system risk is large, and the expected rate of return is high. On the contrary, β i The coefficient is small, the system risk is small, and the expected rate of return is low; When pricing data, it is necessary to include heterogeneous value returns, so the investment return model of data capital is modified as follows: IS i =α i +R fi +β i (IS m -R fi ) In the formula, α i represents the idiosyncratic value return.

5. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of building a smart contract system model and combining smart contracts with microservice architecture is as follows: Decouple smart contracts from the blockchain network and package the decoupled smart contracts in containers; Design a smart contract microservice framework, use smart contracts as microservices, each smart contract is an independent microservice instance, and use the Kubernetes container orchestration platform to orchestrate smart contracts; In the system implementation of the smart contract system model, the participants include the signer a, the receiver b and the key generation center KGC. The steps are: KGC performs the registration steps, inputs security parameters, and outputs public parameter information and system master key information; Partial key generation step: input user-related information and system master key information, and the user and KGC collaborate to generate user partial key information; Execute the user private key generation step and output the user private key information; Execute the user public key generation step and output the user public key information; Execute the signcryption operation. The signer a outputs the ciphertext information based on the public parameters and plaintext. Execute the decryption operation, and the receiver b outputs the plaintext information according to the public parameters; Execute the signature verification step, and the receiver b verifies the decrypted plaintext message based on the public parameters; Use the blockchain platform as the underlying infrastructure of smart contracts and deploy containerized smart contracts on the blockchain network.

6. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The smart contract microservice framework decouples several consensus nodes containing smart contracts into smart contracts and consensus nodes, and containerizes the smart contracts and consensus nodes. The containerized smart contracts and consensus node containers communicate through communication units based on the remote procedure call protocol.

7. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The establishment of the smart contract system model, the online signing process of the contract is divided into the initiator and the confirmer, the contract signing process between parties A and B based on blockchain technology, the signing process includes: contract creation and confirmation, contract addition, update and deletion, the contract content is digitally signed and confirmed by both parties, and the contract is signed and confirmed by both parties in multiple rounds of signing process.

8. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The methods for contract creation and confirmation are: A and B jointly determine the content of the contract m; A digitally signs the contract content m and generates a signature SigA; B digitally signs the same contract content m and generates a signature SigB; A receives SigB, and after confirming that it is correct, it sequentially confirms SigB and generates a confirmation signature SigA_on_SigB; B receives SigA and SigA_on_SigB, and after confirming that they are correct, it sequentially confirms SigA and generates a confirmation signature SigB_on_SigA; A and B exchange SigA_on_SigB and SigB_on_SigA to ensure that both parties have confirmed the signature of the other party; In the transaction order output, A and B each add their own transaction address as the termination condition; If the contract is proceeding normally, both parties will issue a transaction order to confirm the contract. If the contract needs to be terminated, either party can issue a transaction order to terminate the contract and point to an empty destination address. The blockchain network processes transaction orders through a consensus mechanism. When there are conflicting transaction orders, it ensures that only one transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain.

9. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The methods for adding, updating and deleting contracts are: Determine the contract content m′ to be added, updated or deleted; At the end transaction order Tc of the existing contract, a new transaction order is constructed for content modification. The output Out of Tc points to the public key addresses of A and B, allowing both parties to initiate subsequent contract management. A verification script is set to indicate that either A or B can initiate subsequent management. Assume A is the initiator, constructs a transaction order containing m′, and digitally signs m′ with SigA_m′. A sends the transaction order containing SigA_m′ to B. After receiving it, B confirms m′ and generates its own digital signature SigB_m′. B returns the transaction order containing SigB_m′ to A, completing the signature confirmation of m′ by both parties. The blockchain network processes the transaction order containing m′ and the signatures of both parties through a consensus mechanism to ensure that only one valid transaction order is successfully recorded in the blockchain; If the contract update is not completed, either party can initiate a transaction order containing dm′ to indicate the termination of the contract update. The blockchain network also handles the termination message through the consensus mechanism.

10. The data element development method based on the government blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The government blockchain platform uses blockchain to record every step of data generation, circulation, processing and final destruction. The audit log contains the operation time, operation type, operation subject, operation content, and links the operation content to the blockchain through a hash value. The audit log stored on the blockchain can be traced back to verify the source of the data, modification history and final status.

Images