Land leasing method, system and device based on satellite remote sensing and block chain, and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a land leasing method, system and device based on satellite remote sensing and a block chain, and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: a land owner issues a land to the system through an issuing module; an auditor audits the published land information through an auditing module; if the land verification is passed, the publishing module displays the land information passing the verification to the transaction module, and the tenant selects and lease the land through the transaction module and executes the smart contract; the monitoring module monitors crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing; during harvesting, the revenue revenue of the tenants and the land owners is calculated by the revenue revenue sharing module according to the revenue sharing proportion specified by the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and variety monitored by the monitoring module; and the tenant verifies the transaction data of the land, the remote sensing image of the land, the division calculation result and the execution condition of the intelligent contract through the verification module, and completes land leasing after the verification is passed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of satellite remote sensing applications and blockchain technology, and in particular to a land leasing method, system, device and storage medium based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain. Background Art

[0002] With the development of agricultural production, the traditional way of farming has changed, and a business model has emerged in which the land is leased for a period of time, and the farm cultivates and harvests the land, and finally obtains crops. This is actually the lease of the right to use.

[0003] In the current land leasing market, intermediaries or third-party platforms often use information barriers, bundled consumption and other means to earn high service fees, seriously affecting the leasing experience of both parties to the transaction; at the same time, there is also the problem that the size and location of the cultivated area and the actual leased area may not correspond during the leasing process.

[0004] At present, satellite remote sensing technology and blockchain technology are developing rapidly, providing solutions to the above problems. Satellite remote sensing data can be used to determine the location of land and cultivated area to ensure the interests of the lessee. At the same time, in order to ensure the trustworthiness of both parties, the data can be recorded on the blockchain. In addition, land use rights can be infinitely divided in time and space, so the final harvest ratio can be distributed through blockchain records. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a land leasing method, system, device and storage medium based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain. The real land appearance can be viewed through the satellite remote sensing data map, and the land crop planting situation can be viewed in real time. The use of blockchain technology can make land leasing transactions simpler and more reliable.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. The land owner publishes the land to the system through the publishing module and sends the land information to the review module for review;

[0008] S2. The auditor reviews the published land information through the review module and sends the review results to the publishing module;

[0009] S3. If the land is approved, the publishing module will display the approved land information to the transaction module. The tenant will select and lease the land through the transaction module and execute the smart contract, where the smart contract includes the land ownership certification application contract, land ownership certification contract, land lease contract, and land crop planting monitoring contract;

[0010] S4, monitoring module monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing;

[0011] S5. At harvest time, the profit sharing module calculates the profit sharing of the tenant and the landowner according to the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module;

[0012] S6. The tenant verifies the land transaction data, remote sensing images of the land, profit calculation results and smart contract execution status through the verification module, and completes the land lease after the verification is passed.

[0013] Furthermore, the land owner releases the land to the system through the release module, including:

[0014] The landowner first submits personal information for real-name authentication in the publishing module;

[0015] After submitting personal information, the system determines that the land owner is a corporate legal person, and then verifies whether the legal person information is consistent through the industrial and commercial public interface. If the verification is inconsistent, it returns to the modification page. If it is consistent, it will be authenticated through the real-name authentication interface for living persons. After the authentication is passed, the land ownership certificate can be submitted, otherwise it will continue to return to the modification page;

[0016] The land owner provides proof of land ownership in the publishing module, selects the remote sensing image of the land in the satellite remote sensing map, sets the rental price, maximum lease term, range of crops to be planted, and whether subletting is allowed. The land ownership proof contains land information.

[0017] Furthermore, the auditor reviews the published land information through the review module, including:

[0018] The auditor queries the land certificate information from the land resource sharing data source, and reviews the land information and land certificate information submitted by the publishing module one by one, and reviews the authenticity, completeness and legality of the land information. If there is inconsistency, it will be rejected. If it is consistent, a digital signature will be added and written into the blockchain.

[0019] Furthermore, the tenant selects and leases land through the transaction module and executes the smart contract, including:

[0020] Tenants browse the list of available land for rent in the transaction module;

[0021] Tenants view land details, select land of interest and initiate a lease request;

[0022] The landowner receives the lease request and confirms it;

[0023] After receiving the confirmation notice, the tenant pays the rent, and the transaction module generates a land lease contract;

[0024] Both parties sign and confirm the land lease contract with the digital signatures generated during registration. The land lease contract becomes effective and the land status is updated to leased.

[0025] The transaction module executes the smart contract and transfers the tenant's rent to the landlord's account.

[0026] Furthermore, the monitoring module monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing, including:

[0027] Data acquisition: The monitoring module obtains land image data and other related agricultural data through satellite remote sensing technology, including satellite remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil data, and crop data;

[0028] Data processing: Pre-process satellite images, including correction and denoising, to extract land cover information and vegetation index; analyze meteorological data and soil data to evaluate the growing environment of crops; use image processing technology to identify the types and yields of crops planted on the land.

[0029] Anomaly detection: Detect whether there is unauthorized crop planting or whether there is planting behavior that violates the lease contract; detect whether there are natural disasters or other unforeseen factors that affect crop growth;

[0030] Result feedback and management: Provide each tenant with satellite remote sensing images and crop planting conditions of the rented land; if a disaster occurs, provide alarm reminders and contact the growers to take necessary measures.

[0031] Furthermore, the tenant verifies the land transaction data, land remote sensing images, profit calculation results and smart contract execution status through the verification module.

[0032] Data reception: receiving data that needs to be verified from the transaction module, distribution module, and monitoring module;

[0033] Verification request: The verification module generates a verification request, specifying the records to be verified and the verification method;

[0034] Data and profit-sharing verification: Verify the integrity and consistency of transaction data; confirm that the planting of crops and the transparency and reliability of the harvest are confirmed through the playback of satellite remote sensing images of the land; review the profit-sharing calculation results to ensure the accuracy of the calculation process and results.

[0035] Contract execution verification: Check the execution of smart contracts to ensure that the contracts are executed according to the predetermined rules; provide the relevant transaction ID of each transaction, and retrieve the corresponding block through the transaction ID to confirm that the data is transparent and open;

[0036] Verification results: record the verification results, including verification status (pass / fail) and remarks; feed back the verification results to the relevant modules and update the data status.

[0037] Furthermore, after the transaction module executes the smart contract to transfer the tenant's rent to the landlord's account, the following steps are also included:

[0038] If the tenant leases part of the land again, he can initiate a sublease request in the system, and the tenant becomes the lessor. The sublease request includes the land information and lease term.

[0039] The land owner confirms the sub-lease request after receiving it. After confirmation, the lessor and the sub-tenant can view the latest satellite remote sensing images of the land in the system and divide it manually. The sub-tenant repeats the steps of claim 4 to lease the land.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a land leasing system based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, comprising:

[0041] Consortium chain, used to store all transaction data generated during the land leasing process;

[0042] Release module, used to release land to the system;

[0043] The review module is used to review the land information submitted by the land owner in the publishing module to ensure the authenticity and legality of the land information;

[0044] A transaction module to process land lease transactions between tenants and landowners;

[0045] A monitoring module is used to monitor the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing;

[0046] The profit sharing module is used to calculate the profit sharing of the tenant and the landowner at the end of the lease period or when the crops are ripe for harvest based on the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module;

[0047] The verification module is used to verify land transaction data, land remote sensing images, profit calculation results and smart contract execution.

[0048] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements a method as described in any one of the first aspects when executing the program.

[0049] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0050] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0051] 1) Improve land use efficiency:

[0052] Precise positioning and management: Using satellite remote sensing technology and blockchain technology, it is possible to accurately locate land, manage land lease contracts, and track land use, thereby improving land utilization efficiency and economic value;

[0053] Facilitating land transfer: The digital management and smart contract functions of the leasing system simplify the land leasing process, reduce transaction costs, and promote the transfer and utilization of land;

[0054] Improve land productivity: Instead of planting a single crop on leased land, different crops can be planted at different times to increase output per unit land area;

[0055] 2) Reduce disputes and risks:

[0056] Improve contract transparency: record land lease contracts and transaction information through blockchain technology to ensure the transparency and immutability of contracts, reduce contract disputes and risks, and improve transaction security and reliability;

[0057] Reduce information asymmetry: Tenants and landowners can obtain and monitor information through the system’s transparent functions, which reduces information asymmetry and increases the fairness and efficiency of transactions.

[0058] 3) Promoting agricultural modernization:

[0059] Scientific and technological support: Satellite remote sensing technology provides comprehensive and timely land information and crop monitoring data for agriculture, helping farmers implement precision agricultural management and improve agricultural production efficiency and output;

[0060] Capital flow: The land leasing system provides farmers with an additional source of income, promotes the vitality of the rural economy, and promotes the adjustment and modernization of the rural industrial structure.

[0061] 4) Promote the rational use of land resources:

[0062] Land resource protection: By improving land use efficiency, avoiding land abuse and over-exploitation, protecting land resources, and maintaining ecological balance and environmental sustainable development.

[0063] Protection of land rights and interests: The immutability of blockchain technology ensures the protection of land rights and interests and the legality of transactions, promotes the clarity and stability of land ownership, and is conducive to social stability and development.

[0064] 5) Reduce illegal land occupation and disputes:

[0065] Monitoring and feedback: Satellite remote sensing technology can timely detect and monitor illegal land occupation and illegal activities, reducing the illegal loss of land resources and the frequency and severity of land disputes;

[0066] Judicial protection: The immutability of blockchain records provides reliable evidence for judicial organs, facilitates the resolution of land disputes and conflicts, and protects the legitimate rights and interests of land transactions.

[0067] 6) Promote rural economic development:

[0068] Increase farmers' income: Providing land leasing income increases farmers' income sources, improves farmers' living standards, and promotes the development of the rural economy;

[0069] Promoting agricultural structural adjustment: Through the land leasing system, farmers can choose crops more flexibly, optimize land use structure, and promote agricultural modernization and industrial upgrading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0070] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0071] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the release module workflow;

[0072] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the audit module workflow;

[0073] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transaction module workflow;

[0074] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring module workflow;

[0075] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the verification module workflow;

[0076] Figure 6 A schematic block diagram of the structure of a land leasing system based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0077] Figure 7 Application contract for land title certification and land title certification contract process diagram;

[0078] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the land lease contract process;

[0079] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the process of contract for crop planting monitoring for land;

[0080] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of manual land division;

[0081] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0082] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0083] This embodiment provides a land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, including the following steps:

[0084] S1. The land owner publishes the land to the system through the publishing module and sends the land information to the review module for review;

[0085] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The land owner first submits personal information for real-name authentication in the publishing module; after submitting personal information, the system determines that the land owner is a corporate legal person, and then verifies whether the legal person information is consistent through the industrial and commercial public interface. If the verification is inconsistent, it returns to the modification page. If it is consistent, it will be authenticated through the real-name authentication interface for living persons. After the authentication is passed, the land ownership proof materials can be submitted, otherwise it will continue to return to the modification page; the land owner provides land ownership proof materials in the publishing module, selects the remote sensing image of the land in the satellite remote sensing map, sets the rental unit price, the maximum lease term, the range of crops planted, and whether subletting is allowed. Among them, the land ownership proof materials contain land information.

[0086] S2. The auditor reviews the published land information through the review module and sends the review results to the publishing module;

[0087] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2The auditor queries the land certificate information from the land resource sharing data source, and reviews the land information and land certificate information submitted by the publishing module one by one, and reviews the authenticity, completeness and legality of the land information. If there is any inconsistency, it will be rejected. If it is consistent, a digital signature will be added and written into the blockchain.

[0088] S3. If the land is approved, the publishing module will display the approved land information to the transaction module. The tenant will select and lease the land through the transaction module and execute the smart contract, where the smart contract includes the land ownership certification application contract, land ownership certification contract, land lease contract, and land crop planting monitoring contract;

[0089] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , the tenant browses the list of available land for rent in the transaction module; the tenant views the land details, selects the land of interest and initiates a lease request; the land owner receives the lease request and confirms it; the tenant pays the rent after receiving the confirmation notice, and the transaction module generates a land lease contract; both parties sign and confirm the land lease contract with the digital signatures generated during registration, the land lease contract takes effect, and the land status is updated to leased; the transaction module executes the smart contract and transfers the tenant's rent to the lessor's account; if the tenant leases part of the land again, a sublease request can be initiated in the system, and the tenant becomes the lessor, wherein the sublease request includes the information and lease term of the subleased land; the land owner confirms the sublease request after receiving it, and after confirmation, the lessor and the sub-tenant can view the latest satellite remote sensing images of the land in the system and divide it manually, and the sub-tenant repeats the steps of claim 4 to lease the land.

[0090] S4, monitoring module monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing;

[0091] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 4 ,The monitoring process includes data acquisition, data processing, ,anomaly detection, result feedback and management.

[0092] Data acquisition: The monitoring module obtains land image data and other related agricultural data through satellite remote sensing technology, including satellite remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil data, and crop data;

[0093] Data processing: Pre-process satellite images, including correction and denoising, to extract land cover information and vegetation index; analyze meteorological data and soil data to evaluate the growing environment of crops; use image processing technology to identify the types and yields of crops planted on the land.

[0094] Anomaly detection: Detect whether there is unauthorized crop planting or whether there is planting behavior that violates the lease contract; detect whether there are natural disasters or other unforeseen factors that affect crop growth;

[0095] Result feedback and management: Provide each tenant with satellite remote sensing images and crop planting conditions of the rented land; if a disaster occurs, provide alarm reminders and contact the growers to take necessary measures.

[0096] S5. At harvest time, the profit sharing module calculates the profit sharing of the tenant and the landowner according to the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module;

[0097] In this embodiment, the process of the profit sharing module includes data collection, profit calculation, profit confirmation, settlement transportation, profit sharing record and query.

[0098] 1) Data Collection

[0099] At the end of the lease period or when the crops are ripe, the total crop yield data is collected from the monitoring module.

[0100] Obtain the share ratio stipulated in the land lease contract.

[0101] 2) Calculation of income

[0102] The income of tenants and landowners is calculated based on the total crop output and the share ratio.

[0103] 3) Revenue recognition

[0104] The profit calculation results are sent to the tenants and landowners, and after confirmation, they enter the settlement and transportation stage.

[0105] 4) Settlement of transportation:

[0106] Make payment based on confirmed revenue or send the crops by express to the tenant for signature and confirmation, and record payment information.

[0107] Update status is Completed.

[0108] 5) Divide into records and queries:

[0109] Share records are maintained so that tenants and landowners can check share details.

[0110] Provides export function divided into records.

[0111] S6. The tenant verifies the land transaction data, remote sensing images of the land, profit calculation results and smart contract execution through the verification module. The land lease is completed after the verification is passed;

[0112] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 ,The verification process includes data reception, verification request, data and share verification, contract execution verification, and verification results.

[0113] Data reception: receiving data that needs to be verified from the transaction module, distribution module, and monitoring module;

[0114] Verification request: The verification module generates a verification request, specifying the records to be verified and the verification method;

[0115] Data and profit-sharing verification: Verify the integrity and consistency of transaction data; confirm that the planting of crops and the transparency and reliability of the harvest are confirmed through the playback of satellite remote sensing images of the land; review the profit-sharing calculation results to ensure the accuracy of the calculation process and results.

[0116] Contract execution verification: Check the execution of smart contracts to ensure that the contracts are executed according to the predetermined rules; provide the relevant transaction ID of each transaction, and retrieve the corresponding block through the transaction ID to confirm that the data is transparent and open;

[0117] Verification results: record the verification results, including verification status (pass / fail) and remarks; feed back the verification results to the relevant modules and update the data status.

[0118] Reference Figure 6 ,This embodiment provides a land leasing system based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, which includes 7 modules: alliance chain, release module, audit module, transaction module, monitoring module, profit sharing module, verification module;

[0119] 1. Alliance Chain

[0120] Consortium chain is an application model of blockchain technology, which is between public chain and private chain. Different from the fully open public chain and the private chain controlled by a single entity, the consortium chain is jointly managed and maintained by multiple pre-certified nodes or organizations. This model provides higher privacy protection and controllable governance structure, making it particularly suitable for commercial applications and industry solutions.

[0121] The core features of the alliance chain are as follows:

[0122] Limited participants: Only authorized nodes can join the blockchain network. These nodes are usually organizations with a high level of trust, such as financial institutions, government departments, or large enterprises.

[0123] Distributed governance: Unlike private chains that are controlled by a single entity, consortium chains involve multiple independent entities in decision-making and network governance, ensuring fairness and transparency of the system;

[0124] Encryption technology: The consortium chain uses advanced encryption technology to protect the confidentiality and integrity of transaction data. For example, public and private keys are used for encryption and decryption to ensure that transaction information is not stolen or tampered with during transmission. In addition, digital signature technology is also used to verify the authenticity of the transaction and the identity of the initiator.

[0125] Consensus mechanism: Consortium chains use a variety of consensus mechanisms, such as Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT), Proof of Work (PoW) variants, or Proof of Stake (PoS) variants, to ensure the correctness and consistency of transactions. These consensus mechanisms require most or all participating nodes to reach a consensus before the transaction can be recorded in the blockchain, thereby preventing double-spending attacks and forged transactions. Even if a node attempts to tamper with its local ledger, such tampering will not be accepted by the network because it violates the consensus rules;

[0126] Smart contracts: Consortium chains support the deployment and execution of smart contracts, which define the rules and conditions of transactions. The execution of smart contracts is jointly supervised by nodes in the blockchain network to ensure the automatic execution and non-tamperability of the contracts, thereby improving the credibility of transactions;

[0127] Audit and Supervision: Since participants in consortium chains are generally known entities, it is easier to implement audit and supervision measures, which helps detect and prevent potential fraud and ensure the compliance of the consortium chain.

[0128] Efficiency and scalability: Due to the limited number of participating nodes, consortium chains are usually more efficient than public chains in terms of processing speed and transaction confirmation time. In addition, the scalability of the network can be adjusted according to the needs of participating organizations;

[0129] Data privacy: Consortium chains can provide stricter data access and privacy controls, allowing data to be shared within the network without having to be made public to all participants;

[0130] Compliance and security: Consortium chains can achieve better compliance control because each participating node can operate under the premise of complying with specific industry rules or regulations. At the same time, joint management reduces the risk of single point failure;

[0131] Distributed ledger: Blockchain is a distributed ledger, which means that it is not controlled by a single entity or institution, but is maintained by multiple nodes in the network. Each node has a complete copy of the ledger, and these copies are synchronized through a consensus mechanism. Therefore, any modification to the blockchain requires the consent of most nodes in the network, which is very difficult in practice.

[0132] All transaction data of the present invention is stored on the blockchain to ensure the data is tamper-proof and transparent.

[0133] The alliance chain is jointly maintained by multiple parties to improve the security and reliability of the system.

[0134] The data on the consortium chain is isolated through the ledger, and only the participants in the ledger can create, view, review, and perform transactions on the ledger.

[0135] Smart contracts: land ownership certification application contract, land ownership certification contract, land lease contract, land crop planting monitoring contract.

[0136] Stakeholders: including landowners, auditors, supervisory agencies, etc.

[0137] Endorsement: A smart contract can be endorsed by one party or either party. It can only be executed after both parties have endorsed and confirmed it.

[0138] The land ownership certification application smart contract directly creates a new block for the land owner's input information except for the fields filled in by the auditor, writes it into the alliance chain, and synchronizes it to the supervisory agency. The land ownership certification smart contract first queries the land ownership certification application in the contract, fills in the audit status and other fields on the basis, creates a new block, writes it into the alliance chain, and synchronizes it to the supervisory agency. For the specific process, refer to Figure 7 .

[0139] The land lease contract is submitted by tenant A to the upper-level landowner O or tenant B for transaction (with tenant A's digital signature). When the upper-level landowner O or tenant B agrees (with digital signature) to execute the land lease contract, a new block is created and written into the alliance chain, and synchronized to the supervisory agency. For the specific process, refer to Figure 8 .

[0140] The land crop planting monitoring contract is a remote sensing satellite that sends real-time landform images to the system. The system compares the landforms with the shapes and colors of various crops, marks the crop planting range block, and the system endorses and creates a new block to write into the alliance chain and synchronize it to the supervisory agency. Each tenant can initiate a query through a digital signature. For the specific process, refer to Fig. 9 .

[0141] 2. Release module

[0142] The landowner first submits personal information for real-name authentication in the publishing module to ensure that the personal information is authentic so that the person and the certificate can be confirmed to correspond one to one in the next step. The submitted landowner information is shown in Table 1 and stored in the alliance chain;

[0143] Table 1

[0144] Field Name Data Types describe OwnerID String Owner unique identifier OwnerName String Owner Name Contact Info String contact information OwnerType String Owner type (individual, company, government) IndividualTaxpayerIdNumber String Company type requires a taxpayer identification number IdNumber String ID number or company registration number RealNameStatus Boolean Real-name authentication status

[0145] After submitting personal information, the system determines that the land owner is a corporate legal person, and then verifies whether the legal person information is consistent through the industrial and commercial public interface. If the verification is inconsistent, it returns to the modification page. If it is consistent, it will be authenticated through the real-name authentication interface for living persons. After the authentication is passed, the land ownership certificate can be submitted, otherwise it will continue to return to the modification page;

[0146] The landowner provides the land ownership certificate in the publishing module, selects the remote sensing image of the land in the satellite remote sensing map, sets the rental price, the maximum lease term, the range of crops to be planted, and whether sub-leasing is allowed. The land ownership certificate contains land information, as shown in Table 2. Stored in the alliance chain.

[0147] Table 2

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0151] 1) Interaction with the audit module:

[0152] The submitted land information is sent to the review module for review.

[0153] The review results are returned to the publishing module to update the land status (under review, published, failed review).

[0154] 2) Interaction with the transaction module:

[0155] The published land information is displayed to the transaction module for tenants to choose.

[0156] After the lease transaction is completed, the land status is updated to Leased.

[0157] 3) Interaction with the monitoring module:

[0158] Satellite images uploaded at the time of release can be used as basic data for monitoring modules.

[0159] The monitoring module periodically obtains and updates the land status.

[0160] 3. Audit module

[0161] The main function of the audit module is to audit the land information submitted by the land owner in the publishing module to ensure the authenticity and legality of the information. The auditor will query the information to be audited on the management background page, and the system will query the land certificate information from the land resource sharing data source (generally local land bureaus). The data submitted by the publishing module and the land certificate information will be compared one by one. If there is any inconsistency, it will be rejected. If it is consistent, a digital signature will be added and written into the alliance chain.

[0162] Audit rules are specific standards and guidelines for the audit process to ensure consistency and fairness in the audit process. The main audit rules include:

[0163] 1) Authenticity verification:

[0164] Verify the title documents of the land.

[0165] Verify the accuracy of land location and area.

[0166] 2) Information integrity:

[0167] Check that all required fields are complete.

[0168] Confirm the quality of uploaded pictures or satellite images.

[0169] 3) Legality review:

[0170] Confirm whether the land use complies with local laws and regulations.

[0171] Check whether the lease terms and profit-sharing ratios are reasonable.

[0172] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0173] 1) Interaction with the publishing module:

[0174] Receive land information submitted by the publishing module.

[0175] The review results are returned to the publishing module to update the land status.

[0176] 2) Interaction with the transaction module:

[0177] Only land information that has passed the review will be displayed in the transaction module.

[0178] 3) Interaction with the monitoring module:

[0179] Provide approved land information for subsequent monitoring by the monitoring module.

[0180] 4. Trading module

[0181] The transaction module is the core module in the land leasing system, responsible for handling leasing transactions between tenants and landowners. Both parties to the transaction need to sign and confirm the call to the smart contract with the digital signature generated during registration in order for it to take effect.

[0182] 1) Browse the land

[0183] Tenants browse the list of available land for rent in the transaction module;

[0184] 2) Choose the land

[0185] Tenants view land details, select land of interest and initiate a lease request;

[0186] 3) Lease confirmation

[0187] The landowner receives the lease request and confirms it;

[0188] 4) Contract signing

[0189] After receiving the confirmation notice, the tenant pays the rent, and the transaction module generates a land lease contract;

[0190] 5) Lease takes effect

[0191] Both parties sign and confirm the land lease contract with the digital signatures generated during registration. The land lease contract becomes effective and the land status is updated to leased.

[0192] The transaction module executes the smart contract and transfers the tenant's rent to the landlord's account.

[0193] 6) Sub-letting

[0194] If the tenant leases part of the land again, he can initiate a sublease request in the system, and the tenant becomes the lessor. The sublease request includes the land information and lease term.

[0195] The land owner confirms the sublease request after receiving it. After confirmation, the lessor and the sub-tenant can view the latest satellite remote sensing images of the land in the system and divide it manually. The sub-tenant repeats the above steps 1-5 to lease the land.

[0196] Tenants can divide the land by manually drawing polygons, such as Fig.10 shown.

[0197] Or divide the land as follows:

[0198] a) Cutting by area:

[0199] Divide the land into plots of different sizes according to tenant needs and the wishes of the land owner.

[0200] Tenants can choose one or more plots to rent.

[0201] b) By function:

[0202] According to the purpose of land use, it is divided into different functional areas.

[0203] For example, the land can be divided into planting areas, recreational areas, livestock breeding areas, etc.

[0204] c) Based on terrain:

[0205] According to the topographical characteristics of the land, it is divided into different areas.

[0206] For example, mountains, plains, wetlands, etc., different rental options are provided according to different terrains.

[0207] d) By location:

[0208] According to the geographical location and orientation of the land, it is divided into different areas.

[0209] For example, areas near water sources, areas with plenty of sunlight.

[0210] The land transaction data is shown in Table 3 and is stored in the alliance chain.

[0211] Table 3

[0212] Field Name Data Types describe TransactionID VARCHAR(255) Transaction unique identifier LandID VARCHAR(255) Land ID, foreign key connection to LandInfo table BuyerID VARCHAR(255) Buyer ID, foreign key to OwnerInfo table SellerID VARCHAR(255) Seller ID, foreign key to OwnerInfo table TransactionDate DATE Transaction Date TransactionAmount DECIMAL(10,2) Transaction amount TransactionType VARCHAR(100) Type of transaction (eg, purchase, sale, inheritance)

[0213] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0214] 1) Interaction with the publishing module:

[0215] Receive the land information published by the publishing module and display it on the transaction interface for tenants to choose.

[0216] Update the land status to Leased or Delisted.

[0217] 2) Interaction with the audit module:

[0218] Only land information that has passed the review can be displayed on the transaction interface.

[0219] 3) Interaction with modules:

[0220] Revenue share calculation is triggered at the end of the lease or at the time of sublease.

[0221] 5. Monitoring module

[0222] The monitoring module is an important component of the land leasing system. It monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing to ensure that farmers plant crops in accordance with the provisions of the lease contract.

[0223] 1) Data Acquisition

[0224] The monitoring module uses satellite remote sensing technology to obtain land image data and other related agricultural data, including:

[0225] Satellite remote sensing images: High-resolution satellite images used to monitor land vegetation cover and crop growth.

[0226] Meteorological data: Meteorological data such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall are used to analyze the impact of environmental conditions on crop growth.

[0227] Soil data: soil moisture, soil nutrition and other data are used to assess soil suitability and crop growth conditions.

[0228] Crop data: Collect satellite remote sensing images of designated crops at various growth stages as standard samples, including color, planting density, etc.

[0229] 2) Data processing

[0230] Use OpenCV, GDAL and other libraries to process and analyze satellite images, and use Python to analyze and model meteorological data and soil data.

[0231] Image processing: Preprocess satellite images, including correction and denoising, to extract land cover information and vegetation index.

[0232] Data analysis: Analyze meteorological data and soil data to evaluate the growing environment of crops.

[0233] Crop Identification: Use image processing technology to identify the types and yields of crops grown on the land.

[0234] 3) Anomaly Detection

[0235] Use machine learning or deep learning technology to build anomaly detection models to automatically identify abnormal situations.

[0236] Planting anomalies: Detect whether there is unauthorized crop planting or whether there is planting behavior that violates the lease contract.

[0237] Environmental anomalies: Detect whether natural disasters or other unforeseen factors affect crop growth.

[0238] Result feedback and management:

[0239] Data visualization: Provide each tenant with satellite remote sensing images and crop planting conditions of the rented land.

[0240] Decision support: If a disaster occurs, an alarm will be provided and farmers will be contacted to take necessary measures.

[0241] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0242] 1) Interaction with the publishing module: Provide the publishing module with real-time monitoring data of the land to assist in the updating and review of land information.

[0243] 2) Interaction with the transaction module: providing data on tenants’ planting conditions to assist in leasing transactions.

[0244] 3) Interaction with the profit sharing module: providing crop growth and harvest data to assist profit sharing calculations.

[0245] 6. Divide into modules

[0246] The profit sharing module is a key part of the land leasing system. It is responsible for calculating the profit sharing of tenants and landowners at the end of the lease period based on the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module, ensuring the transparency and accuracy of the profit sharing.

[0247] 1) Data Collection

[0248] At the end of the lease period or when the crops are ripe, the total crop yield data is collected from the monitoring module.

[0249] Obtain the share ratio stipulated in the land lease contract.

[0250] 2) Calculation of income

[0251] The income of tenants and landowners is calculated based on the total crop output and the share ratio.

[0252] 3) Revenue recognition

[0253] The profit calculation results are sent to the tenants and landowners, and after confirmation, they enter the settlement and transportation stage.

[0254] 4) Settlement of transportation:

[0255] Make payment based on confirmed revenue or send the crops by express to the tenant for signature and confirmation, and record payment information.

[0256] Update status is Completed.

[0257] 5) Divide into records and queries:

[0258] Share records are maintained so that tenants and landowners can check share details.

[0259] Provides export function divided into records.

[0260] The following data needs to be maintained when divided into modules, as shown in Table 4.

[0261] Table 4

[0262] Field Name type illustrate share_id String Unique identifier for each record transaction_id String Unique identifier for the corresponding lease transaction land_id String Unique identifier for the corresponding land tenant_id String Unique identifier for the tenant owner_id String Unique identifier for the landowner start_date date Lease start date end_date date Lease end date crop_type string Types of crops grown harvest_date date Harvest Date total_yield float Total crop production owner_share float Benefits to landowners tenant_share float Tenant benefits status string Divided into status (such as pending, completed) timestamp date Divide into record timestamps

[0263] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0264] 1) Interaction with the transaction module:

[0265] Receive land lease contract information from the transaction module, including profit sharing ratio and lease term.

[0266] 2) Interaction with the monitoring module:

[0267] Receive the total crop yield data provided by the monitoring module.

[0268] 7. Verification module

[0269] The verification module is a key part in ensuring the accuracy and transparency of transaction and profit-sharing data in the system. It is used for self-verification by tenants or land owners when they have objections to the profit-sharing. It is used to verify land transaction data, remote sensing images of land, profit-sharing calculation results and smart contract execution.

[0270] 1) Data Reception

[0271] Receive data that needs to be verified from the transaction module, the distribution module, and the monitoring module;

[0272] 2) Verify the request

[0273] The verification module generates a verification request, specifying the records to be verified and the verification method;

[0274] 3) Data and profit sharing verification

[0275] Verify the integrity and consistency of transaction data; confirm that the planting of crops and the transparency and reliability of the harvest are achieved through the playback of satellite remote sensing images of the land; review the profit-sharing calculation results to ensure the accuracy of the calculation process and results.

[0276] 4) Contract execution verification

[0277] Check the execution of smart contracts to ensure that the contracts are executed according to the predetermined rules; provide the relevant transaction ID of each transaction, and retrieve the corresponding block through the transaction ID to confirm that the data is transparent and open;

[0278] 5) Verify the results

[0279] Record the verification results, including verification status (pass / fail) and remarks; feedback the verification results to the relevant modules and update the data status.

[0280] The interactions with other modules are as follows:

[0281] 1) Interaction with the transaction module:

[0282] Receive transaction data from the transaction module for verification.

[0283] Feedback the verification results to the transaction module and update the transaction status.

[0284] 2) Interaction with modules:

[0285] Receive the divided data from the divided module for verification.

[0286] Feedback the verification results to the split module and update the split status.

[0287] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, the electronic device 10 of this embodiment may include: a memory 11 and a processor 12 .

[0288] Memory 11, used to store computer programs (such as application programs, functional modules, etc. that implement the above-mentioned land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain), computer instructions, etc.;

[0289] The above-mentioned computer programs, computer instructions, etc. may be stored in one or more memories 11 in partitions. And the above-mentioned computer programs, computer instructions, data, etc. may be called by the processor 12.

[0290] The processor 12 is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory 11 to implement each step of the method involved in the above embodiment.

[0291] For details, please refer to the relevant description in the previous method embodiment.

[0292] The memory 11 and the processor 12 may be independent structures or integrated structures. When the memory 11 and the processor 12 are independent structures, the memory 11 and the processor 12 may be coupled and connected via a bus 13 .

[0293] An electronic device of this embodiment can execute the technical solution in the method embodiment shown. Its specific implementation process and technical principles refer to the relevant description in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0294] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored. When at least one processor of a user device executes the computer-executable instructions, the user device executes the above-mentioned various possible methods.

[0295] Among them, computer-readable media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein the communication media include any media that facilitates the transmission of computer programs from one place to another. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general or special-purpose computer. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a user device. Of course, the processor and the storage medium can also be present in a communication device as discrete components.

[0296] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments are executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0297] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. The land owner publishes the land to the system through the publishing module and sends the land information to the review module for review; S2. The auditor reviews the published land information through the review module and sends the review results to the publishing module; S3. If the land is approved, the publishing module will display the approved land information to the transaction module. The tenant will select and lease the land through the transaction module and execute the smart contract, where the smart contract includes the land ownership certification application contract, land ownership certification contract, land lease contract, and land crop planting monitoring contract; S4, monitoring module monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing; S5. At harvest time, the profit sharing module calculates the profit sharing of the tenant and the landowner according to the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module; S6. The tenant verifies the land transaction data, remote sensing images of the land, profit calculation results and smart contract execution status through the verification module, and completes the land lease after the verification is passed.

2. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land owner releases the land to the system through the release module, including: The landowner first submits personal information for real-name authentication in the publishing module; After submitting personal information, the system determines that the land owner is a corporate legal person, and then verifies whether the legal person information is consistent through the industrial and commercial public interface. If the verification is inconsistent, it returns to the modification page. If it is consistent, it will be authenticated through the real-name authentication interface for living persons. After the authentication is passed, the land ownership certificate can be submitted, otherwise it will continue to return to the modification page; The land owner provides proof of land ownership in the publishing module, selects the remote sensing image of the land in the satellite remote sensing map, sets the rental price, maximum lease term, range of crops to be planted, and whether subletting is allowed. The land ownership proof contains land information.

3. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auditor reviews the published land information through the review module, including: The auditor queries the land certificate information from the land resource sharing data source, and reviews the land information and land certificate information submitted by the publishing module one by one, and reviews the authenticity, completeness and legality of the land information. If there is inconsistency, it will be rejected. If it is consistent, a digital signature will be added and written into the blockchain.

4. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tenant selects and leases land through the transaction module and executes the smart contract, including: Tenants browse the list of available land for rent in the transaction module; Tenants view land details, select land of interest and initiate a lease request; The landowner receives the lease request and confirms it; After receiving the confirmation notice, the tenant pays the rent, and the transaction module generates a land lease contract; Both parties sign and confirm the land lease contract with the digital signatures generated during registration. The land lease contract becomes effective and the land status is updated to leased. The transaction module executes the smart contract and transfers the tenant's rent to the landlord's account.

5. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module monitors the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing, including: Data acquisition: The monitoring module obtains land image data and other related agricultural data through satellite remote sensing technology, including satellite remote sensing images, meteorological data, soil data, and crop data; Data processing: Pre-process satellite images, including correction and denoising, to extract land cover information and vegetation index; analyze meteorological data and soil data to evaluate the growing environment of crops; use image processing technology to identify the types and yields of crops planted on the land. Anomaly detection: Detect whether there is unauthorized crop planting or whether there is planting behavior that violates the lease contract; detect whether there are natural disasters or other unforeseen factors that affect crop growth; Result feedback and management: Provide each tenant with satellite remote sensing images and crop planting conditions of the rented land; if a disaster occurs, provide alarm reminders and contact the growers to take necessary measures.

6. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tenant verifies the land transaction data, land remote sensing images, profit calculation results and smart contract execution through the verification module. Data reception: receiving data that needs to be verified from the transaction module, distribution module, and monitoring module; Verification request: The verification module generates a verification request, specifying the records to be verified and the verification method; Data and profit sharing verification: Verify the integrity and consistency of transaction data; confirm that the planting of crops and the harvest are transparent and reliable through the playback of satellite remote sensing images of the land; Review the calculation results to ensure the accuracy of the calculation process and results. Contract execution verification: Check the execution of smart contracts to ensure that the contracts are executed according to the predetermined rules; provide the relevant transaction ID of each transaction, and retrieve the corresponding block through the transaction ID to confirm that the data is transparent and open; Verification results: record the verification results, including verification status (pass / fail) and remarks; feed back the verification results to the relevant modules and update the data status.

7. A land leasing method based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the transaction module executes the smart contract to transfer the tenant's rent to the landlord's account, the following steps are also included: If the tenant leases part of the land again, he can initiate a sublease request in the system, and the tenant becomes the lessor. The sublease request includes the land information and lease term. The land owner confirms the sub-lease request after receiving it. After confirmation, the lessor and the sub-tenant can view the latest satellite remote sensing images of the land in the system and divide it manually. The sub-tenant repeats the steps of claim 4 to lease the land.

8. A land leasing system based on satellite remote sensing and blockchain, characterized in that: include: Consortium chain, used to store all transaction data generated during the land leasing process; Release module, used to release land to the system; The review module is used to review the land information submitted by the land owner in the publishing module to ensure the authenticity and legality of the land information; A transaction module to process land lease transactions between tenants and landowners; A monitoring module is used to monitor the crop planting conditions and abnormal conditions on the land through satellite remote sensing; The profit sharing module is used to calculate the profit sharing of the tenant and the landowner at the end of the lease period or when the crops are ripe for harvest based on the profit sharing ratio stipulated in the land lease contract and the actual crop yield and type monitored by the monitoring module; The verification module is used to verify land transaction data, land remote sensing images, profit calculation results and smart contract execution.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor and memory; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The at least one processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the at least one processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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