Block chain-based electric vehicle-used station area information sharing system and sharing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a block chain-based station area information sharing system and sharing method for an electric vehicle, and realizes efficient and safe sharing of station area information based on the technical scheme of an improved Officient-HotStuff consensus protocol. Data submission and verification are carried out through DeviceChain, so that the integrity and non-tampering property of the data are ensured; access control and authority management are carried out through ShareChain, privacy of data access authority is protected by using a cryptographic method and a zero-knowledge proof technology, and security and privacy protection in a data sharing process are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of information sharing of electric vehicle distribution network substations, and in particular to a block chain-based electric vehicle distribution network substation information sharing system.

[0002] The present invention also relates to a method for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain. Background Art

[0003] With the rapid global popularity of electric vehicles (EVs), data management and sharing in distribution network areas are facing unprecedented challenges. The charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicles has put forward new requirements for the stability and efficiency of distribution networks, while the traditional centralized data management method has many problems in terms of security and efficiency. The existing technologies are as follows:

[0004] 1. Electric vehicle charging and discharging management: Existing technologies mainly rely on centralized cloud servers to manage electric vehicle charging and discharging data. These data include charging time, charging amount, location, etc., and are highly sensitive.

[0005] 2. Security risks of data sharing: The centralized management model makes data vulnerable to attacks, leading to data leakage or tampering. In addition, the failure of the centralized server will cause the entire system to fail, which cannot meet the needs of high-frequency data submission of electric vehicles.

[0006] 3. Privacy protection: In the process of data sharing, existing technologies lack privacy protection for data sharing relationships between enterprises, which can easily lead to commercial privacy leaks.

[0007] Deficiencies of existing technology:

[0008] Centralization risk: Centralized servers become single points of failure and are prone to attacks or data loss due to failures.

[0009] Data tampering: Data is stored in a centralized server and can be easily tampered with by internal or external attackers, making it difficult to ensure the authenticity and integrity of the data.

[0010] Insufficient privacy protection: Existing solutions make it difficult to achieve efficient data sharing while protecting data access rights and the privacy of data sharing relationships between enterprises. Summary of the invention

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to: address the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a technical solution based on the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to achieve efficient and secure sharing of information in substations. Data submission and verification are performed through DeviceChain to ensure the integrity and immutability of data; access control and authority management are performed through ShareChain, which uses cryptographic methods and zero-knowledge proof technology to protect the privacy of data access rights, ensuring security and privacy protection during data sharing.

[0012] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0013] A radio area information sharing system for electric vehicles based on blockchain, the system comprising a double-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol and a privacy-preserving access control PrivACC;

[0014] The two-layer blockchain architecture includes:

[0015] DeviceChain, an IoT device blockchain, is used to monitor data submission;

[0016] Data sharing blockchain ShareChain, for decentralized access control;

[0017] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol adds a parallel processing mechanism and a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism based on HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff;

[0018] The privacy protection access control PrivACC uses cryptographic technology to protect the privacy of data access rights and sharing relationships during the sharing process.

[0019] Furthermore, the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain is used to receive discharge data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations, verify the integrity and authenticity of the data, and broadcast the verified data to the Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to participate in the consensus.

[0020] Furthermore, the data sharing blockchain ShareChain is used to store privacy information of access rights and data sharing relationships, and verify the access rights of the data requester through zero-knowledge proof technology.

[0021] Furthermore, the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol specifically includes four stages: proposal, pre-submission, submission, and resolution. Each stage has a view number, which is used for sorting. Nodes in each stage enter the next stage by voting.

[0022] Furthermore, the parallel processing mechanism in the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is used to allow the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be processed in parallel;

[0023] The malicious node detection and isolation mechanism is used to prevent the performance of Byzantine nodes from being compromised.

[0024] The electric vehicle radio area information sharing method based on blockchain adopts the electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain, and is specifically implemented in the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process;

[0026] Step 2: The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain stores the data;

[0027] Step 3: The data owner stores the access rights to the data in the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, and the data requester proves to the verification node on the data sharing blockchain ShareChain that it has the corresponding access rights through zero-knowledge proof;

[0028] Step 4: The verification node verifies the access rights of the data requester through a zero-knowledge proof process. After the verification is passed, the data requester can access the shared data to realize information sharing among the substations.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 1, electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain through full nodes. The full nodes are used to verify the integrity and authenticity of the data and sign the verified data. The full nodes submit the verified data and broadcast the transaction to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 3, the access rights are hidden through cryptographic technology.

[0031] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0032] The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain of the present invention realizes efficient and secure sharing of radio area information; data submission and verification are performed through DeviceChain to ensure the integrity and non-tamperability of data; access control and authority management are performed through ShareChain, and cryptographic methods and zero-knowledge proof technology are used to protect the privacy of data access rights, thereby ensuring security and privacy protection in the data sharing process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the electric vehicle radio area information sharing method based on blockchain of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the effects before and after the improvement of the blockchain-based electric vehicle radio area information sharing system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain includes a two-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and a privacy-preserving access control PrivACC;

[0039] The two-layer blockchain architecture can effectively solve the security, efficiency and privacy protection issues faced by electric vehicles and charging stations in the process of data submission and sharing; by introducing the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain and the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, the layered design of DeviceChain and ShareChain realizes the separation of data submission and access control, thereby improving the overall performance and security of the system.

[0040] Among them, DeviceChain is responsible for supervising the data submission of electric vehicles and charging stations to ensure the authenticity and non-tamperability of the data. The specific functions include: receiving the charging and discharging data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations; verifying the integrity and authenticity of the data; broadcasting verified data and participating in the consensus process.

[0041] DeviceChai has the following technical features: decentralization, eliminating the risk of single point failure and improving the reliability of the system; immutability, using the characteristics of blockchain to ensure that data cannot be tampered with once recorded, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the data; efficient consensus, using the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to improve the throughput and efficiency of data processing. In the existing technology, data management is concentrated on centralized servers, which are easy to become targets of attacks. DeviceChain eliminates the risk of single point failure through decentralization; traditional methods are easy to tamper with data, and DeviceChain ensures that data cannot be tampered with through blockchain technology, improving data security.

[0042] Among them, ShareChain is used for decentralized access control to protect the privacy of data sharing between enterprises. Specific functions include: storing privacy information of access rights and data sharing relationships; and verifying the access rights of data requesters through zero-knowledge proof technology.

[0043] ShareChain has the following technical features: privacy protection, which protects the privacy of data access rights and sharing relationships through Pedersen commitment and zero-knowledge proof technology; decentralized access control, which avoids the security risks of traditional centralized access control and ensures security in the data sharing process.

[0044] Traditional methods are prone to privacy leakage during data sharing. ShareChain uses privacy protection technology to protect data access rights and sharing relationships. ShareChain avoids single point failures and security risks of centralized servers through decentralized access control.

[0045] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is a new pipeline consensus protocol that combines the advantages of HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff to improve throughput and reduce latency. It introduces a parallel processing mechanism to allow the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be carried out in parallel, improving processing efficiency. It adds a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism to enhance the robustness of the system, prevent performance attacks on Byzantine nodes, and ensure the security of data submission.

[0046] The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is divided into four stages: proposal, pre-submission, submission, and resolution. Each stage has a clear view number to ensure the order of the consensus process. In addition, a voting mechanism is set up for the nodes in each stage, that is, the nodes in each stage need to vote, and enter the next stage after reaching a certain number of votes.

[0047] The advantage of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is that the existing consensus protocol has low processing efficiency, and Efficient-HotStuff significantly improves the throughput of the blockchain network through parallel processing; in traditional methods, transaction confirmation delay is high, and Efficient-HotStuff reduces the delay of transaction confirmation by optimizing the protocol structure; adding malicious node detection and isolation mechanism improves the robustness of the system in the face of Byzantine node attacks.

[0048] The privacy-preserving access control scheme PrivACC aims to achieve privacy protection of access rights and sharing relationships during data sharing through cryptographic techniques such as Pedersen commitments and zero-knowledge proofs. It uses Pedersen commitments to hide access rights and verifies them on the blockchain through zero-knowledge proofs to protect the privacy of data access rights and sharing relationships. It uses off-chain computing and on-chain verification to reduce the computational overhead of the blockchain and improve performance.

[0049] Pedersen commitment is a cryptographic technology that is tamper-proof and privacy-protecting. It generates a commitment value to hide the actual access rights, making it impossible for unauthorized third parties to know the actual access rights. The specific generation process is as follows:

[0050] Select parameters: select a large prime number p and a generator g, as well as a random number r, and the access permission value is v;

[0051] Generate commitment value: Commitment value C is calculated by the formula C = g v ·h r modp generation, where h is another independent random number of the generator.

[0052] Properties: Hidden, the commitment value C hides the actual access right value V; Binding, once the commitment value C is generated, it is impossible to find another different access right value v′v' and random number r′ such that C=g v ·h r modp.

[0053] Zero-knowledge proof is also a cryptographic technology that allows the prover to prove to the other party, the verifier, that it has certain information, such as access rights, without revealing the specific content of the information. It is used in PrivACC to verify the access rights of the data requester. The specific process of zero-knowledge proof is as follows:

[0054] Prover: has access permission value v and random number r; Verifier: holds commitment value C.

[0055] The specific proof steps are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: The prover generates a random number r1 and a temporary commitment value And send C1 to the verifier;

[0057] Step 2: The verifier selects a random challenge value c and sends c to the prover.

[0058] Step 3: The prover calculates the response value r 2 =r 1 +c·rmodp 1 , and send r2 to the verifier;

[0059] Step 4: Verification by the Verifier

[0060] For the above proof steps, this embodiment also provides sample codes (Python) for the above steps:

[0061] #Parameter selection and initialization

[0062] p=23#large prime number

[0063] g=5#Generator

[0064] h=4#Another random number generated by the generator

[0065] v=3#Access permission value

[0066] r = random.randint(1,p-1) #random number

[0067] #Generate a commitment value

[0068] C=(g**v*h**r)%p

[0069] print(f"Promise value:{C}")

[0070] #Step 1: The prover generates a temporary commitment value

[0071] v1 = random.randint(1,p-1)

[0072] r1 = random.randint(1,p-1)

[0073] C1=(g**v1*h**r1)%p

[0074] print(f"temporary commitment value:{C1}")

[0075] #Step 2: Validator selects a random challenge value

[0076] c = random.randint(1,p-1)

[0077] print(f"Challenge value:{c}")

[0078] #Step 3: The prover calculates the response value

[0079] r2=(r1+c*r)%p

[0080] print(f"Response value:{r2}")

[0081] #Step 4: Validator Verification

[0082] left=(C1*(C**c))%p

[0083] right=(g**v1*h**r2)%p

[0084] print(f"Verification result:{left==right}").

[0085] Example 2

[0086] This embodiment provides a method for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain, such as Figure 1 As shown, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0087] Step 1: Data submission: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to DeviceChain through full nodes. The submitted data includes sensitive information such as charging time, charging amount, and location.

[0088] Among them, the full node is responsible for verifying the integrity and authenticity of the data and signing the verified data;

[0089] Step 2: Data verification and storage. The full node submits the verified data and broadcasts the transaction to the DeviceChain network to participate in the consensus process. The data is stored in the DeviceChain to ensure its immutability and authenticity.

[0090] Step 3: Access control and sharing. The data owner (such as a power grid company) stores access rights to specific data in ShareChain. The access rights are hidden through Pedersen commitments to ensure that unauthorized third parties cannot know the actual access rights. The data requester (such as a charging station operator) proves to the verification node on ShareChain that it has the corresponding access rights through zero-knowledge proof.

[0091] Step 4: Data access verification. The verification node verifies the access rights of the data requester through a zero-knowledge proof process. After the verification is passed, the data requester can access the shared data and realize information sharing among the substations.

[0092] Through the above method, efficient and secure sharing of substation information is achieved; data submission and verification are carried out through DeviceChain to ensure the integrity and immutability of data; access control and permission management are carried out through ShareChain, using Pedersen commitment and zero-knowledge proof technology to protect the privacy of data access rights, ensuring security and privacy protection during data sharing.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] This embodiment provides the implementation code of the above system:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] class Block:

[0098] def__init__(self, data, view):

[0099] self.data = data

[0100] self.view = view

[0101] self.hash=self.calculate_hash()

[0102] def calculate_hash(self):

[0103] return hashlib.sha256((str(self.data)+str(self.view)).encode()).hexdigest()

[0104] class Network:

[0105] def __init__(self):

[0106] self.nodes = []

[0107] def add_node(self,node):

[0108] self.nodes.append(node)

[0109] Example 4

[0110] This embodiment provides a comparison of the application effect of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol in data sharing in distribution network areas containing electric vehicles. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The visualization results of throughput comparison, latency comparison and security comparison before and after the improvement are shown in the figure:

[0111] Throughput comparison:

[0112] Before improvement: The number of transactions processed per second was low, about 100 TPS.

[0113] After improvement: The number of transactions processed per second increased significantly, reaching more than 500TPS.

[0114] Latency comparison:

[0115] Before improvement: The single transaction confirmation delay was relatively high, about 5 seconds.

[0116] After improvement: The single transaction confirmation delay is reduced to less than 2 seconds.

[0117] Security comparison:

[0118] Before improvement: Under Byzantine node attacks, the system is prone to paralysis or data tampering.

[0119] After improvement: The system can still maintain high robustness and data integrity under Byzantine node attacks.

[0120] In summary, these visualization results demonstrate the significant advantages of the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol in improving throughput, reducing latency, and enhancing security. The improved scheme can better adapt to the needs of data sharing in distribution network areas containing electric vehicles and improve the reliability and efficiency of the system.

[0121] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific embodiments. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain is characterized by: The system includes a two-layer blockchain architecture, an improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol, and a privacy-preserving access control PrivACC; The two-layer blockchain architecture includes: DeviceChain, an IoT device blockchain, is used to monitor data submission; Data sharing blockchain ShareChain, for decentralized access control; The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol adds a parallel processing mechanism and a malicious node detection and isolation mechanism based on HotStuff and Fast-HotStuff; The privacy protection access control PrivACC uses cryptographic technology to protect the privacy of data access rights and sharing relationships during the sharing process.

2. The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain is used to receive discharge data submitted by electric vehicles and charging stations, verify the integrity and authenticity of the data, and broadcast the verified data to the Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol to participate in the consensus.

3. The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data sharing blockchain ShareChain is used to store privacy information of access rights and data sharing relationships, and verify the access rights of the data requester through zero-knowledge proof technology.

4. The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol specifically includes four stages: proposal, pre-submission, submission, and resolution. Each stage has a view number, which is used for sorting. Nodes in each stage enter the next stage by voting.

5. The electric vehicle radio area information sharing system based on blockchain according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The parallel processing mechanism in the improved Efficient-HotStuff consensus protocol is used to allow the proposal and verification of multiple blocks to be processed in parallel; The malicious node detection and isolation mechanism is used to prevent the performance of Byzantine nodes from being compromised.

6. A method for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain, using a system for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Please follow the steps below to implement: Step 1: Electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process; Step 2: The IoT device blockchain DeviceChain stores the data; Step 3: The data owner stores the access rights to the data in the data sharing blockchain ShareChain, and the data requester proves to the verification node on the data sharing blockchain ShareChain that it has the corresponding access rights through zero-knowledge proof; Step 4: The verification node verifies the access rights of the data requester through a zero-knowledge proof process. After the verification is passed, the data requester can access the shared data to realize information sharing among the substations.

7. The method for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step 1, electric vehicles and charging stations submit charging and discharging data to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain through full nodes. Full nodes are used to verify the integrity and authenticity of the data and sign the verified data. Full nodes submit the verified data for transaction broadcasting to the IoT device blockchain DeviceChain to participate in the consensus process.

8. The method for sharing radio area information for electric vehicles based on blockchain according to claim 6 is characterized in that: In step 3, the access rights are hidden by cryptography technology.

Images