Ganoderma spore health-care food as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a ganoderma spore health-care food. The ganoderma spore health-care food comprises 5-10 parts of maltose, 5-15 parts of soybean protein isolate, 1-3 parts of glutamine, 2-4 parts of soybean peptide, 1-3 parts of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 2-5 parts of vitamins, 1-3 parts of taurine, 2-5 parts of wall-broken ganoderma spores and 3-8 parts of a binder. The preparation method of the ganoderma spore health-care food comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out fermentation wall breaking to thin the shell wall; 2) pelletizing to prepare porous balls; (3) bursting and splashing the ganoderma spores in the porous balls in vacuum; and 4) drying treatment. The ganoderma spore health-care food can be used for improving human immunity, regulating a cardiovascular system, enhancing a respiratory system and improving a digestive system. Extruding liquid substances and solid substances in the ganoderma spores into pores and pore channels of the porous balls by utilizing bursting and splashing to form a coating structure; substances in ganoderma spores are crushed into small particles and small liquid drops, and the small particles and the small liquid drops are more uniformly distributed in the porous balls.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum spore health food, and specifically relates to a ganoderma lucidum spore health food and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Health food is a food that has specific health functions or is intended to supplement vitamins or minerals. It has the function of regulating body functions. Health food is a special food, not a medicine, and cannot replace medicine to treat diseases.

[0003] Spores are reproductive cells that can directly or indirectly develop into new individuals after separating from their parents. Spores are generally unicellular, but may also be multicellular reproductive bodies. Ganoderma lucidum spores are spores produced after Ganoderma lucidum matures. They are powdery, brown, oval, and about (8.5-11.2) μm × (5.2-6.9) μm in size, with double walls. The double walls wrapped around Ganoderma lucidum spores are very tough, and it is difficult to break the double walls by general chemical and physical methods, which limits the extraction of its chemical components and bioactive components. Establishing an effective wall-breaking method can promote the extraction of its bioactive components and the study of its medicinal value. A Ganoderma lucidum spore contains about 65wt% of the shell wall, 25wt% of the spore oil, and 10wt% of the bioactive effective components. The chemical components of Ganoderma lucidum spores include the following categories: proteins and amino acids, glycopeptides, vitamins, carotene, sterols, triterpenes, alkaloids, fatty acids, lactones, and inorganic ions.

[0004] The cell wall breaking technology has undergone a long and complicated development process. The first generation of cell wall breaking technologies mainly include grinding, acid-base degradation chemical method and microbial fermentation method; the second generation of cell wall breaking technologies mainly include mechanical homogenization method and cyclone crushing method; the third generation of cell wall breaking technologies mainly include ultrasonic method and microwave method; the fourth generation of cell wall breaking technology is represented by high-pressure homogenization method and supercritical fluid method, which uses the high pressure difference between inside and outside the cell to increase the cell wall breaking rate and avoid the loss of nutrients caused by high temperature. At the same time, due to the complete release of cell contents, it adds a unique flavor and taste to the food; the fifth generation of cell wall breaking technology is mainly a combined cell wall breaking technology using a combination of two or more of the above-mentioned cell wall breaking technologies, such as fermentation-high-pressure homogenization method.

[0005] In view of the double wall and high nutritional value of Ganoderma lucidum spores, how to break the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores and then prepare them into health foods with high nutritional value and high health functions, improve the utilization value and economic value of Ganoderma lucidum spores, and promote people's health is a technical problem that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a health food made of ganoderma lucidum spores. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the health food made of ganoderma lucidum spores. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a use of the health food made of ganoderma lucidum spores.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A ganoderma lucidum spore health food comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of maltose, 5-15 parts of isolated soy protein, 1-3 parts of glutamine, 2-4 parts of soy peptides, 1-3 parts of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 2-5 parts of vitamins, 1-3 parts of taurine, 2-5 parts of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spores, and 3-8 parts of a binder.

[0009] A method for preparing the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum spore health food comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0010] 1) thinning the shell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores by a fermentation wall-breaking method, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue;

[0011] 2) Prepare raw materials according to the ratio;

[0012] Then the filter residue obtained in step 1) is stirred and mixed with the remaining raw materials, and then added into a pelletizing machine to make wet balls, and then the wet balls are heated and dried. During the heating and drying process, the binder is solidified to bond and connect particles of different types of raw materials together, and the gaps between adjacent particles form porous and pore channels. After the heating and drying is completed, dry porous balls are obtained;

[0013] 3) Then put the porous ball into the vacuum tank, and then evacuate the vacuum tank;

[0014] Then, in the vacuum environment of the vacuum tank, the positive pressure in the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells and the negative pressure of the vacuum environment form a pressure difference. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells causes the Ganoderma lucidum spores to burst and splash, causing the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores to break through the thinned shell wall and then splash;

[0015] The liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are pressed into the narrow pores and channels in the porous ball by bursting and splashing, so as to form a structure in which the pores and channels cover the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores;

[0016] By using explosion and splashing, the substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are broken into tiny particles and tiny droplets, which are splashed and evenly distributed in the porous ball;

[0017] 4) breaking the vacuum and opening the vacuum tank, then taking out the porous ball and performing drying treatment, after which a spherical Ganoderma lucidum spore health food is obtained.

[0018] Preferably, the particle size of the powders of various raw materials except the Ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder is controlled to be 100 μm-150 μm.

[0019] Preferably, the particle size of the porous balls is 3 mm to 15 mm.

[0020] Preferably, the vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.1Pa.

[0021] The above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum spore health food or the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum spore health food is used to improve human immunity, regulate the cardiovascular system, strengthen the respiratory system, and improve the digestive system.

[0022] The present application has achieved the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] In the present application, the fermented and thinned Ganoderma lucidum spores, a binder and other raw materials are mixed to form porous balls. Since the other raw materials are large-sized particles with a particle size of 100 μm-150 μm, which is about 20 to 30 times the particle size of the Ganoderma lucidum spores, after balling, there are inevitable gaps between adjacent particles in the pellets. The larger the particles, the larger the gaps between the particles. Just like the large-grained sand layer, the medium-grained sand layer and the small-grained sand layer from top to bottom when filtering water, the gaps are inevitable. The gaps between these large-sized particles constitute the porous structure and pores in the pellets, and then form porous balls. The porous structure and pores are manufactured here. First, the porous structure and pores are a tiny storage container that can wrap and store the nutrients in the broken Ganoderma lucidum spores, protect and save the nutrients. Second, the porous structure and pores have adsorption capacity, which can adsorb and fix the nutrients located in the pores and pores.

[0024] In the present application, the spores of Ganoderma lucidum are first subjected to fermentation and wall-breaking treatment by microorganisms. Since the fermentation and wall-breaking treatment is the first generation of wall-breaking technology, its wall-breaking effect is very limited, and it is basically difficult to achieve wall-breaking. Usually, the shell wall is only decomposed, thinned, softened, etc. The fermentation and wall-breaking treatment is usually used as a pretreatment, and the fermentation and wall-breaking treatment is a shallow degree of incomplete fermentation, so that the fermentation and wall-breaking treatment only thins the shell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores;

[0025] Then the porous ball containing the Ganoderma lucidum spores is placed in a vacuum tank. Since the Ganoderma lucidum spores are a single cell, there must be liquid substances and positive liquid pressure inside the cell. Therefore, in the ultra-low vacuum of the vacuum tank, coupled with the previously thinned shell wall, the Ganoderma lucidum spores will burst and splash due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell. Due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cell, the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores will break through the thinned shell wall and then splash, just like astronauts must wear space suits when entering space. Since space is an ultra-vacuum environment, if there is no protection of the space suit, the pressure difference will cause the whole body cells of astronauts and other organisms to burst;

[0026] Here, the bursting force and the splashing force are used. First, the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are pressed into the narrow pores and channels in the porous ball by using the bursting force and the splashing force. The liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are wrapped and coated by using the pores and channels to form a structure similar to a microcapsule. The wrapping can cover up the bad smell and taste of the Ganoderma lucidum spore contents, improve the stability of the Ganoderma lucidum spore contents, reduce the irritation of the Ganoderma lucidum spore contents to the digestive tract, solidify the liquid Ganoderma lucidum spore contents, facilitate their use, and make sustained-release preparations, wrap bioactive substances, etc.

[0027] Secondly, the explosive force and splashing force cause the substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores to be broken into tiny particles and tiny droplets, which are broken into tiny pieces and splashed everywhere in the porous ball, so that the tiny particles and tiny droplets are distributed everywhere in the porous ball, which is more evenly distributed than the traditional health food ball obtained by mixing first and then making balls;

[0028] The main technical solution of the present application is to make full use of the bursting force and splashing force of the spore cells of Ganoderma lucidum, and use the bursting force and splashing force to do other useful work while breaking the wall, so that one force can be used for multiple purposes. In the traditional method, the pressure difference is only used for breaking the wall and has no other purpose, and part of the force is not used and is wasted. The present application realizes the multiple work, multi-purpose and recycling of the bursting force and splashing force in the traditional method, with higher utilization rate and higher efficiency.

[0029] In summary, the present application breaks the wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores and then prepares them into health food with high nutritional value and high health function, thereby improving the utilization value and economic value of Ganoderma lucidum spores and promoting people's health. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Therefore, based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The present application provides a Ganoderma lucidum spore health food, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of maltose, 5-15 parts of soy protein isolate, 1-3 parts of glutamine, 2-4 parts of soy peptides, 1-3 parts of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 2-5 parts of vitamins, 1-3 parts of taurine, 2-5 parts of wall-broken Ganoderma lucidum spores, and 3-8 parts of a binder.

[0032] The present application provides a method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum spore health food, comprising the following steps performed in sequence:

[0033] 1) thinning the shell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores by a fermentation wall-breaking method, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue;

[0034] 2) Prepare raw materials according to the ratio;

[0035] Then the filter residue obtained in step 1) is stirred and mixed with the remaining raw materials, and then added into a pelletizing machine to make wet balls, and then the wet balls are heated and dried. During the heating and drying process, the binder is solidified to bond and connect particles of different types of raw materials together, and the gaps between adjacent particles form porous and pore channels. After the heating and drying is completed, dry porous balls are obtained;

[0036] 3) Then put the porous ball into the vacuum tank, and then evacuate the vacuum tank;

[0037] Then, in the vacuum environment of the vacuum tank, the positive pressure in the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells and the negative pressure of the vacuum environment form a pressure difference. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells causes the Ganoderma lucidum spores to burst and splash, causing the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores to break through the thinned shell wall and then splash;

[0038] The liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are pressed into the narrow pores and channels in the porous ball by bursting and splashing, so as to form a structure in which the pores and channels cover the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores;

[0039] By using explosion and splashing, the substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are broken into tiny particles and tiny droplets, which are splashed and evenly distributed in the porous ball;

[0040] 4) breaking the vacuum and opening the vacuum tank, then taking out the porous ball and performing drying treatment, after which a spherical Ganoderma lucidum spore health food is obtained.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the powders of various raw materials except the Ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder is controlled to be 100 μm-150 μm.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, the particle size of the porous balls is 3 mm-15 mm.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, the vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.1Pa.

[0044] The above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum spore health food or the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food prepared by the preparation method of any one of the above-mentioned Ganoderma lucidum spore health food is used to improve human immunity, regulate the cardiovascular system, strengthen the respiratory system, and improve the digestive system.

[0045] In the present application, the binder (or adhesive) includes at least one of starch slurry, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HpC), ethyl cellulose, gelatin solution, sucrose solution, and aqueous or alcoholic solution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), which are mixed in equal mass ratios.

[0046] In the present application, the vitamins include at least two of vitamin A (retinyl acetate), vitamin B1 (thiamine hydrochloride), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride), vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid), vitamin D (vitamin D3), vitamin E (dl-α-tocopherol acetate), niacin (niacinamide), folic acid and pantothenic acid (D-calcium pantothenate), which are mixed in an equal mass ratio.

[0047] The methods and devices not described in detail in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0048] In order to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further specifically described below through the following examples, but it should not be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by technicians in this field based on the above invention content are also considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] A ganoderma lucidum spore health food comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of maltose, 10 parts of soy protein isolates, 1 part of glutamine, 4 parts of soy peptides, 1 part of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 3 parts of vitamins, 1 part of taurine, 3 parts of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spores, and 3 parts of a binder.

[0051] The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food described in Example 1 comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0052] 1) thinning the shell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores by a fermentation wall-breaking method, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue;

[0053] 2) Prepare raw materials according to the ratio;

[0054] Then the filter residue obtained in step 1) is stirred and mixed with the remaining raw materials, and then added into a pelletizing machine to make wet balls, and then the wet balls are heated and dried. During the heating and drying process, the binder is solidified to bond and connect particles of different types of raw materials together, and the gaps between adjacent particles form porous and pore channels. After the heating and drying is completed, dry porous balls are obtained;

[0055] 3) Then put the porous ball into the vacuum tank, and then evacuate the vacuum tank;

[0056] Then, in the vacuum environment of the vacuum tank, the positive pressure in the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells and the negative pressure of the vacuum environment form a pressure difference. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells causes the Ganoderma lucidum spores to burst and splash, causing the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores to break through the thinned shell wall and then splash;

[0057] The liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are pressed into the narrow pores and channels in the porous ball by bursting and splashing, so as to form a structure in which the pores and channels cover the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores;

[0058] By using explosion and splashing, the substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are broken into tiny particles and tiny droplets, which are splashed and evenly distributed in the porous ball;

[0059] 4) breaking the vacuum and opening the vacuum tank, then taking out the porous balls for drying, and obtaining spherical Ganoderma lucidum spore health food;

[0060] Controlling the particle size of the powders of various raw materials except the ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder to be 130 μm-150 μm;

[0061] The particle size of the porous ball is 5mm-8mm;

[0062] The vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.05Pa.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] A ganoderma lucidum spore health food comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of maltose, 5 parts of isolated soy protein, 1 part of glutamine, 3 parts of soy peptides, 1 part of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 2 parts of vitamins, 1 part of taurine, 5 parts of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spores, and 4 parts of a binder.

[0065] The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food described in Example 2 comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0066] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1 except for the following:

[0067] Controlling the particle size of the powders of various raw materials except the ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder to be 130 μm-140 μm;

[0068] The particle size of the porous ball is 4mm-6mm;

[0069] The vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.05Pa.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A ganoderma lucidum spore health food comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of maltose, 8 parts of isolated soy protein, 2 parts of glutamine, 3 parts of soy peptides, 2 parts of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 3 parts of vitamins, 2 parts of taurine, 5 parts of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spores, and 4 parts of a binder.

[0072] The method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food described in Example 3 comprises the following steps performed in sequence:

[0073] The remaining operations are the same as those in Example 1 except for the following:

[0074] Controlling the particle size of the powders of various raw materials except the ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder to be 140 μm-150 μm;

[0075] The particle size of the porous ball is 7mm-9mm;

[0076] The vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.05Pa.

[0077] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A Ganoderma lucidum spore health food, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of maltose, 5-15 parts of isolated soy protein, 1-3 parts of glutamine, 2-4 parts of soy peptide, 1-3 parts of coconut oil microcapsule powder, 2-5 parts of vitamins, 1-3 parts of taurine, 2-5 parts of wall-broken ganoderma lucidum spores and 3-8 parts of a binder.

2. A method for preparing the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps in sequence: 1) thinning the shell wall of the Ganoderma lucidum spores by a fermentation wall-breaking method, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate and a filter residue; 2) Prepare raw materials according to the ratio; Then the filter residue obtained in step 1) is stirred and mixed with the remaining raw materials, and then added into a pelletizing machine to make wet balls, and then the wet balls are heated and dried. During the heating and drying process, the binder is solidified to bond and connect particles of different types of raw materials together, and the gaps between adjacent particles form porous and pore channels. After the heating and drying is completed, dry porous balls are obtained; 3) Then put the porous ball into the vacuum tank, and then evacuate the vacuum tank; Then, in the vacuum environment of the vacuum tank, the positive pressure in the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells and the negative pressure of the vacuum environment form a pressure difference. The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the Ganoderma lucidum spore cells causes the Ganoderma lucidum spores to burst and splash, causing the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores to break through the thinned shell wall and then splash; The liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are pressed into the narrow pores and channels in the porous ball by bursting and splashing, so as to form a structure in which the pores and channels cover the liquid and solid substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores; By using explosion and splashing, the substances in the Ganoderma lucidum spores are broken into tiny particles and tiny droplets, which are splashed and evenly distributed in the porous ball; 4) breaking the vacuum and opening the vacuum tank, then taking out the porous ball and performing drying treatment, after which a spherical Ganoderma lucidum spore health food is obtained.

3. The method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum spore health food according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle sizes of the powders of various raw materials except the ganoderma lucidum spores and the binder are controlled to be 100 μm-150 μm.

4. The method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum spore health food according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the porous ball is 3mm-15mm.

5. The method for preparing a Ganoderma lucidum spore health food according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vacuum degree in the vacuum tank is 0.01Pa-0.1Pa.

6. Use of the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food according to claim 1 or the Ganoderma lucidum spore health food prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 2 to 5 for improving human immunity, regulating the cardiovascular system, strengthening the respiratory system, and improving the digestive system.