A flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device

Abstract

The present application provides a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device, which belongs to the technical field of flue gas denitrification, and comprises a sulfur dioxide absorption tower, an SCR reactor and an ammonia storage tank, and a mixing bin and a heat exchanger are connected in series between the sulfur dioxide absorption tower and the SCR reactor; a spoiler tube, a temporary storage chamber and a guide tube are sequentially arranged from left to right inside the mixing bin, a linkage shaft is arranged through the middle of the guide blade arranged inside the guide tube, and a left end of the linkage shaft extends to the inside of the spoiler tube and is provided with a plurality of guide blades, a driving mechanism is arranged inside the mixing bin, and gas sensors are arranged on the left side of the mixing bin and inside the temporary storage chamber; a flow regulating mechanism is arranged between the temporary storage chamber and the guide tube, and a piston plate is vertically slidably connected to the top of the temporary storage chamber through a first elastic member; a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged in an array on the left side of the mixing bin; the present application can reduce the risk of direct discharge of substandard flue gas and ammonia escape.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of flue gas denitrification, and in particular to a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Flue gas denitrification refers to the process of reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides in flue gas through technical means. Common flue gas denitrification technologies include selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). SCR converts nitrogen oxides into nitrogen and water by using a catalyst, while SNCR reduces nitrogen oxides to nitrogen by injecting ammonia or other reducing agents into high-temperature flue gas without a catalyst.

[0003] When the flue gas denitrification process is carried out by selective catalytic reduction, the flue gas must first be heated in a heat exchanger, and then the heated flue gas is passed into an electrostatic precipitator to remove most of the dust particles, and then the dust-removed flue gas is passed into a sulfur dioxide absorption tower to remove sulfur dioxide in the flue gas by means of wet desulfurization. After the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is removed, the flue gas needs to be cooled in a heat exchanger, and then a certain amount of ammonia is preliminarily mixed with the flue gas, and then the flue gas is passed into an SCR reactor to further remove nitrogen oxides, and finally the treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney.

[0004] Referring to the Chinese patent document with announcement number CN116272362B and announcement date January 9, 2024, entitled A SCR Flue Gas Denitrification Reaction Guide Plate and Denitrification Reaction Container, the flue gas denitrification efficiency is improved by guiding the flue gas to improve the fluidity of the flue gas and reduce the possibility of uneven flue gas distribution.

[0005] Referring to the above technical solution, when ammonia is introduced into the flue gas, due to the uncertain concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, ammonia escape may occur when the ammonia dosage is too high. Conversely, when the ammonia dosage is too low, it may affect the flue gas denitrification effect. Therefore, if the ammonia supply is not adjusted in time, it is easy to cause substandard flue gas to be directly discharged; in addition, for flue gas denitrification work carried out by selective catalytic reduction, due to the participation of the wet desulfurization system, the flue gas often contains a large amount of water vapor, and the subsequently introduced ammonia may react with the water vapor to generate ammonia water, thereby creating a risk of ammonia escape, and the flue gas with high humidity may cause the catalyst surface temperature to decrease, thereby affecting the activity and selectivity of the catalyst, thereby interfering with the flue gas denitrification efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present application provides a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device, which is mainly used to solve the problem of untimely adjustment of ammonia supply leading to direct discharge of substandard flue gas and high flue gas humidity affecting flue gas denitrification efficiency.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment equipment, including a sulfur dioxide absorption tower, an SCR reactor and an ammonia storage tank, and a mixing bin and a heat exchanger are connected in series between the sulfur dioxide absorption tower and the SCR reactor, and the gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank is connected to the mixing bin and a gas flow valve is connected in series inside; the mixing bin is provided with a spoiler pipe, a temporary storage cavity and a guide pipe from left to right in sequence, and a linkage shaft is provided in the middle of the guide blades provided inside the guide pipe, and the left end of the linkage shaft extends to the inside of the spoiler pipe and is provided with a plurality of guide blades The guide blades and the multiple spoiler blades arranged in an array inside the spoiler tube are arranged one by one at intervals. A driving mechanism for driving the spoiler tube and the guide tube to rotate is arranged inside the mixing bin. Gas sensors are arranged on the left side of the mixing bin and inside the temporary storage chamber; a flow regulating mechanism is arranged between the temporary storage chamber and the guide tube for regulating the flow rate of flue gas in the guide tube, and a piston plate is vertically slidably connected to the top of the temporary storage chamber through a first elastic member; a plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged in an array on the left side of the mixing bin, and the heat exchange plates are all hollow for the entry of external refrigerant.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the flue gas that does not meet the standards is temporarily stored in the temporary storage chamber to provide sufficient response time for the adjustment of the ammonia supply amount, and at the same time, the water vapor in the flue gas can be removed by condensation heat exchange with the help of the heat exchange plate.

[0009] Optionally, the driving mechanism includes two driving motors arranged inside the mixing bin, and the two driving motors can respectively drive the spoiler tube and the guide tube to rotate in a gear transmission manner.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the two driving motors can respectively drive the spoiler tube and the guide tube to rotate independently.

[0011] Optionally, the flow regulating mechanism includes a plurality of fan-shaped baffles which are circumferentially arrayed in a rotationally connected manner between the guide tube and the linkage shaft, and a driven gear is provided at one end of the fan-shaped baffle away from the linkage shaft, and a linkage ring is axially slidingly connected to the left end of the guide tube, and a plurality of active racks which correspond to and mesh with the driven gears are provided on the linkage ring, and a cylinder for driving the linkage ring to slide axially is provided inside the distribution chamber.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the flow rate of smoke can be regulated by utilizing the angle difference between the multiple fan-shaped baffles.

[0013] Optionally, an auxiliary mixing mechanism is provided inside the temporary storage chamber to assist in mixing the flue gas and ammonia inside the temporary storage chamber.

[0014] Optionally, the auxiliary mixing mechanism includes two mesh plates vertically slidably connected inside the temporary storage chamber through a second elastic member, and the two mesh plates are symmetrically arranged up and down, and two cams facing in opposite directions and capable of respectively abutting the two mesh plates are arranged on the linkage shaft. The two mesh plates can approach each other or move away from each other with the cooperation of the second elastic member and the cam.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the movement of two mesh plates is used to turbulently mix the substandard flue gas in the temporary storage bin, which can make the hydroxide concentration in the temporary stored flue gas approach the normal standard.

[0016] Optionally, the heat exchange plate is bent in a wave shape to increase the heat exchange contact area between the flue gas and the refrigerant inside the heat exchange plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat exchange contact area between the flue gas and the refrigerant inside the heat exchange plate can be increased, thereby promoting the conversion of water vapor in the flue gas into liquid water.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of drain pipes are provided on the side wall of the mixing bin, and the drain pipes penetrate through the bin wall of the mixing bin and are connected to the trough position of the heat exchange plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the condensed liquid water is discharged in time through a drain pipe to prevent the liquid water from staying on the surface of the heat exchange plate for a long time and affecting the subsequent condensation effect.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of columns are provided on the outer surface of the heat exchange plate, and the columns are all high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy columns.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat exchange contact area between the flue gas and the heat exchange plate can be further increased.

[0022] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. When the hydroxide concentration in the flue gas changes, the substandard flue gas is temporarily stored by interception and barrier, which provides sufficient response time for the adjustment of the ammonia supply and reduces the probability of direct discharge of substandard flue gas.

[0024] 2. Using condensation heat exchange to separate water vapor from flue gas and discharge it in time can reduce the risk of ammonia escape, and at the same time reduce the possibility of subsequent flue gas denitrification work being disturbed by high flue gas humidity.

[0025] 3. During the temporary storage of the flue gas that does not meet the standards, the flue gas that does not meet the standards and the subsequently introduced flue gas and ammonia can be further turbulently mixed, which is conducive to the hydroxide concentration in the temporarily stored flue gas approaching the normal standard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device for this application;

[0027] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the deployment bin for this application;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the spoiler tube, temporary storage cavity and guide tube of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 For this application Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0030] Figure 5 For this application Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of area B in the middle.

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Sulfur dioxide absorption tower; 2. SCR reactor; 3. Ammonia storage tank; 31. Gas flow valve; 4. Dispensing bin; 41. Turbine; 411. Turbine blade; 42. Temporary storage chamber; 43. Guide pipe; 431. Guide blade; 432. Linkage shaft; 433. Guide blade; 44. Driving mechanism; 441. Driving motor; 45. Gas sensor; 5. Heat exchanger; 6. Flow regulating mechanism; 61. Fan-shaped baffle; 62. Driven gear; 63. Linkage ring; 64. Driving rack; 65. Cylinder; 7. Piston plate; 71. First elastic member; 8. Heat exchange plate; 81. Drain pipe; 82. Column; 9. Auxiliary mixing mechanism; 91. Mesh plate; 92. Second elastic member; 93. Cam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of the present application. Figure 1-Figure 5 , the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiment of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3This embodiment provides a flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device, including a sulfur dioxide absorption tower 1, an SCR reactor 2, an ammonia storage tank 3, a blending bin 4, a heat exchanger 5, a flue gas treatment mechanism, a flow regulating mechanism 6, and a water vapor removal mechanism. The blending bin 4 and the heat exchanger 5 are connected in series from left to right between the sulfur dioxide absorption tower 1 and the SCR reactor 2, the gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank 3 is connected to the blending bin 4, and a gas flow valve 31 is connected in series inside the gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank 3.

[0034] Among them, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the smoke treatment mechanism includes a spoiler tube 41, a temporary storage chamber 42, a guide tube 43, a driving mechanism 44, a piston plate 7 and two gas sensors 45. The temporary storage chamber 42 is opened in the middle of the preparation bin 4, and the spoiler tube 41 and the temporary storage chamber 42 are connected at the left and right ends of the temporary storage chamber 42 in a rotating connection manner. The middle of the guide blade 431 arranged inside the guide tube 43 is penetrated by a linkage shaft 432, and the left end of the linkage shaft 432 extends to the inside of the spoiler tube 41 and is provided with a plurality of guide blades 433, and the guide blades 433 are arranged one by one with a plurality of spoiler blades 411 arranged in an array inside the spoiler tube 41. The driving mechanism 44 is arranged inside the preparation bin 4, and is used to drive the spoiler tube 41 and the guide tube 43 to rotate. The piston plate 7 is vertically slidably connected to the top of the temporary storage chamber 42 through the first elastic member 71, and the two gas sensors 45 are respectively arranged on the left side of the preparation bin 4 and inside the temporary storage chamber 42, and are used to perform partition detection on the hydroxide concentration in the smoke.

[0035] When the flue gas enters the blending bin 4 from the sulfur dioxide absorption tower 1, the ammonia storage tank 3 immediately passes the ammonia into the spoiler tube 41, and then the spoiler tube 41 and the guide tube 43 are rotated in different directions through the cooperation of the driving mechanism 44. In this state, the guide blades 431, the linkage shaft 432 and the guide blades 433 will rotate in the same direction to achieve the wind-inducing effect, while the spoiler blades 411 will rotate in the opposite direction of the guide blades 433 to achieve the spoiler effect, thereby promoting the mixing of ammonia and the flue gas.

[0036] In addition, when the gas sensor 45 on the left detects that the hydroxide concentration in the flue gas changes, the gas flow valve 31 in series inside the gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank 3 works to adaptively adjust the supply of ammonia, thereby changing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. At the same time, the flue gas and ammonia are blocked in the temporary storage chamber 42 through the cooperation of the flow regulating mechanism 6. At this time, with the continuous introduction of subsequent flue gas, the air pressure inside the temporary storage chamber 42 will gradually increase, so that the piston plate 7 overcomes the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 71 and moves upward, so as to provide sufficient temporary storage space for the flue gas and ammonia, until the hydroxide concentration in the flue gas detected by the gas sensor 45 on the right approaches the normal standard, and the flue gas that meets the detection standard can be discharged to the right again through the participation of the flow regulating mechanism 6.

[0037] Among them, refer to Figure 2 The driving mechanism 44 includes two driving motors 441. The two driving motors 441 are both arranged inside the mixing bin 4, and the two driving motors 441 can respectively drive the spoiler tube 41 and the guide tube 43 to rotate in a gear transmission manner.

[0038] Among them, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The flow regulating mechanism 6 includes a plurality of fan-shaped baffles 61 which are circumferentially arranged in an array in a rotationally connected manner between the guide tube 43 and the linkage shaft 432, and a driven gear 62 is arranged at one end of the fan-shaped baffles 61 away from the linkage shaft 432. A linkage ring 63 is axially slidably connected to the left end of the guide tube 43, and a plurality of active racks 64 which correspond to and mesh with the driven gear 62 are arranged on the linkage ring 63. A cylinder 65 for driving the linkage ring 63 to slide axially is arranged inside the dispensing bin 4.

[0039] When the cylinder 65 drives the linkage ring 63 to slide axially, the active rack 64 will move along with the linkage ring 63. At this time, affected by the meshing connection between the driven gear 62 and the active rack 64, the fan-shaped baffle 61 will rotate accordingly, thereby changing the gap between every two adjacent fan-shaped baffles 61, so as to achieve the flow rate regulation and interception of the smoke.

[0040] Among them, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The water vapor removal mechanism includes a heat exchange plate 8 and a drain pipe 81. The heat exchange plate 8 array is arranged on the left side of the inside of the preparation bin 4. The heat exchange plates 8 are all wave-shaped and hollow, which is used to increase the heat exchange contact area between the flue gas and the refrigerant inside the heat exchange plate 8. The drain pipe 81 penetrates the wall of the preparation bin 4 and is connected to the trough position of the heat exchange plate 8. The outer surface of each heat exchange plate 8 is provided with a plurality of columns 82, and the columns 82 are all high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy columns.

[0041] When the flue gas is introduced into the preparation bin 4, the flue gas will condense and exchange heat with the refrigerant filled inside the heat exchange plate 8 through the heat exchange plate 8, causing the water vapor in the flue gas to condense into liquid water and adhere to the outer surface of the heat exchange plate 8. The wavy heat exchange plate 8 and the columns 82 with high thermal conductivity can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the flue gas and the refrigerant to a certain extent, and improve the condensation effect of water vapor. The liquid water condensed from the water vapor will gather at the trough position of the heat exchange plate 8 along the wave slope of the heat exchange plate 8 and be discharged from the drain pipe 81 to prevent the liquid water from staying on the surface of the heat exchange plate 8 for a long time and affecting the subsequent condensation effect.

[0042] Reference Figure 4, an auxiliary mixing mechanism 9 is provided inside the temporary storage chamber 42, for assisting the mixing of the smoke and ammonia inside the temporary storage chamber 42. The auxiliary mixing mechanism 9 includes two mesh plates 91, two second elastic members 92 and two cams 93. The two mesh plates 91 are vertically slidably connected inside the temporary storage chamber 42 through the second elastic members 92, and the two mesh plates 91 are symmetrically arranged up and down, and the two cams 93 face oppositely and are both arranged on the linkage shaft 432. The two cams 93 can respectively abut the two mesh plates 91, and the two mesh plates 91 can approach each other or move away from each other in the cooperation of the second elastic member 92 and the cam 93.

[0043] During the rotation of the linkage shaft 432 , the cam 93 will rotate accordingly and apply pressure to the mesh plate 91 . At the same time, with the cooperation of the second elastic member 92 , the two mesh plates 91 will alternately move toward each other and away from each other, so as to further turbulently mix the flue gas and ammonia gas inside the temporary storage chamber 42 .

[0044] The implementation principle of the flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device in the embodiment of the present application is:

[0045] When the flue gas enters the blending bin 4 from the sulfur dioxide absorption tower 1, the flue gas will condense and exchange heat with the refrigerant filled inside the heat exchange plate 8 through the heat exchange plate 8, causing the water vapor in the flue gas to condense into liquid water and adhere to the outer surface of the heat exchange plate 8, and the liquid water condensed from the water vapor will gather at the trough position of the heat exchange plate 8 along the wave slope of the heat exchange plate 8 and be discharged from the drain pipe 81.

[0046] Then the ammonia storage tank 3 passes ammonia into the spoiler tube 41, and the spoiler tube 41 and the guide tube 43 are rotated in different directions through the cooperation of the driving mechanism 44. In this state, the guide blades 431, the linkage shaft 432 and the guide blades 433 will rotate in the same direction to achieve the wind-inducing effect, while the spoiler blades 411 will rotate in the opposite direction of the guide blades 433 to achieve the spoiler effect, thereby promoting the mixing of ammonia and flue gas.

[0047] When the gas sensor 45 on the left detects that the hydroxide concentration in the flue gas changes, the gas flow valve 31 in series in the gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank 3 works to adaptively adjust the supply of ammonia, thereby changing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. At the same time, the flue gas and ammonia are blocked in the temporary storage chamber 42 through the cooperation of the flow regulating mechanism 6. At this time, with the continuous introduction of subsequent flue gas, the air pressure inside the temporary storage chamber 42 will gradually increase, so that the piston plate 7 overcomes the elastic potential energy of the first elastic member 71 and moves upward, so as to provide sufficient temporary storage space for the flue gas and ammonia, until the hydroxide concentration in the flue gas detected by the gas sensor 45 on the right approaches the normal standard, and the flue gas that meets the detection standard can be discharged to the right again through the participation of the flow regulating mechanism 6.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device, comprising a sulfur dioxide absorption tower (1), an SCR reactor (2) and an ammonia storage tank (3), wherein a mixing bin (4) and a heat exchanger (5) are connected in series between the sulfur dioxide absorption tower (1) and the SCR reactor (2), and a gas supply pipe of the ammonia storage tank (3) is connected in series with the mixing bin (4) and a gas flow valve (31) is connected in series inside, characterized in that: The inside of the mixing chamber (4) is provided with a spoiler tube (41), a temporary storage chamber (42) and a guide tube (43) from left to right in sequence; a linkage shaft (432) is provided through the middle of a guide blade (431) provided inside the guide tube (43); the left end of the linkage shaft (432) extends into the inside of the spoiler tube (41) and is provided with a plurality of guide blades (433); the guide blades (433) and the plurality of spoiler blades (411) arranged in an array inside the spoiler tube (41) are arranged one by one in intervals; a driving mechanism (44) for driving the spoiler tube (41) and the guide tube (43) to rotate is provided inside the mixing chamber (4); and a gas sensor (45) is provided on the left side inside the mixing chamber (4) and inside the temporary storage chamber (42); A flow regulating mechanism (6) is provided between the temporary storage chamber (42) and the guide pipe (43) for regulating the flow rate of smoke inside the guide pipe (43); a piston plate (7) is vertically slidably connected to the top of the temporary storage chamber (42) via a first elastic member (71); A plurality of heat exchange plates (8) are arranged in an array on the left side of the interior of the mixing bin (4), and the heat exchange plates (8) are all hollow and are used for the passage of external refrigerant; The flow regulating mechanism (6) comprises a plurality of fan-shaped baffles (61) which are arranged in a circumferential array in a rotationally connected manner between the flow guide tube (43) and the linkage shaft (432), and each fan-shaped baffle (61) is provided with a driven gear (62) at one end away from the linkage shaft (432). The left end of the flow guide tube (43) is axially slidably connected with a linkage ring (63), and the linkage ring (63) is provided with a plurality of active racks (64) which correspond to and mesh with the driven gears (62) one by one. A cylinder (65) for driving the linkage ring (63) to slide axially is provided inside the dispensing chamber (4); An auxiliary mixing mechanism (9) is provided inside the temporary storage chamber (42) for assisting the mixing of the flue gas and ammonia gas inside the temporary storage chamber (42); The auxiliary mixing mechanism (9) comprises two mesh plates (91) vertically slidably connected to the interior of the temporary storage chamber (42) via a second elastic member (92), and the two mesh plates (91) are symmetrically arranged up and down, and the linkage shaft (432) is provided with two cams (93) facing in opposite directions and capable of respectively abutting against the two mesh plates (91), and the two mesh plates (91) can move towards each other or move away from each other in the cooperation of the second elastic member (92) and the cams (93).

2. The flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The driving mechanism (44) comprises two driving motors (441) arranged inside the mixing bin (4); the two driving motors (441) can respectively drive the spoiler tube (41) and the guide tube (43) to rotate in a gear transmission manner.

3. The flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment equipment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The heat exchange plate (8) is bent in a wave shape, so as to increase the heat exchange contact area between the flue gas and the refrigerant inside the heat exchange plate (8).

4. The flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The side wall of the mixing bin (4) is provided with a plurality of drainage pipes (81), and the drainage pipes (81) penetrate the bin wall of the mixing bin (4) and are connected to the trough position of the heat exchange plate (8).

5. The flue gas denitrification multi-pollutant coordinated treatment device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The outer surface of the heat exchange plate (8) is provided with a plurality of columns (82), and the columns (82) are all high thermal conductivity aluminum alloy columns.

Images