Water-conducting quick-drying composite fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of textile materials. The water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric is prepared as follows: one side of a hydrophobic fabric is placed on a metal sheet with a local dot array electric field, after the metal sheet is electrified, a hydrophilic modifier with different charges is sprayed from the other side of the hydrophobic fabric by using an electrostatic spraying technology to obtain a core fabric layer; the spraying liquid is sprayed on the side of the core fabric layer without the metal sheet to form an adhesive fiber layer, then a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is covered on the adhesive fiber layer, and the water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric is obtained through a hot pressing process. The water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric can make water gather in the form of droplets on one side of the fabric and then separate from the surface of the fabric, the water separation rate is far greater than the evaporation rate of water on the surface of an ordinary Janus fabric after spreading, and the water separation rate is also far greater than the maximum perspiration rate of a human body under a high-temperature, high-humidity and high-intensity movement scene, so that the overall comfort of the microenvironment of the human body is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric and its preparation method, belonging to the field of textile materials technology. Background Technology

[0002] When the human body is engaged in strenuous exercise or in high-temperature environments, excessive sweating becomes the primary way for the body to dissipate heat. However, ordinary fabrics on the market have poor moisture absorption and quick-drying efficiency. Patent CN202223018431.X discloses a moisture-wicking fabric structure that can transfer sweat to the outside air to achieve the purpose of perspiration. However, because the maximum evaporation rate of the fabric is much lower than the rate of sweating produced by the human body during strenuous exercise, sweat easily accumulates on the skin after the fabric becomes saturated with moisture. Furthermore, since such fabrics cannot prevent external moisture from penetrating them, they cause the human body to experience stickiness, stuffiness, and other discomfort.

[0003] In recent years, Janus fabrics with unidirectional water transfer properties have been developed to improve wearing comfort. Patent CN202210013460.2 discloses a method for preparing unidirectional moisture-wicking clothing. Liquid can spontaneously transfer directionally from the inner hydrophobic side to the outer hydrophilic side of the Janus fabric. The water diffuses and evaporates on the outer hydrophilic fabric surface. External moisture is blocked in the opposite direction by the inner hydrophobic fabric, effectively preventing backflow of liquid from the outer side of the fabric to the inner side, which can improve wearing comfort to some extent. However, its disadvantage is that the hydrophilic side is easily saturated with moisture. When the body sweats excessively, a large amount of water can accumulate on the hydrophilic side, causing the body to feel stuffy and uncomfortable, and even causing stress reactions. Moreover, such Janus hydrophilic / hydrophobic moisture-wicking and quick-drying fabrics are difficult to capture tiny droplets and have a low water wicking rate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] [Technical Issues]

[0005] Existing water-wicking and quick-drying fabrics are prone to moisture saturation, failing to simultaneously resist external moisture, quickly wick away water, and rapidly dry under conditions of heavy sweating or high humidity. To address this, this invention provides a moisture-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric and its preparation method. This method features a novel method for constructing a gradient wettability channel, which, when combined with a thin-layer nanofiber membrane, enhances the composite membrane's efficiency in capturing and transporting micro-droplets. Furthermore, unlike ordinary Janus fabrics, the moisture-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric provided by this invention allows water to accumulate as droplets on one side of the fabric before detaching from the fabric surface. This water detachment rate is ((1.5~2.5)×10⁻⁶). 5 g / (m 2 The evaporation rate of moisture on the surface of ordinary Janus fabric after spreading is much greater than that of ordinary Janus fabric (0.735gh). -1This is also far greater than the maximum perspiration rate of the human body under high temperature, high humidity, and high-intensity exercise conditions (1.5 × 10⁻⁶). 3 g / (m 2 ·h)) greatly improves the overall comfort of the human body's microenvironment.

[0006] [Technical Solution]

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric and its preparation method. The composite fabric comprises, from bottom to top, a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane, an adhesive fiber layer, and a core fabric layer with a wettability gradient channel. The hydrophilic nanofiber membrane can improve the sensitivity to capture tiny droplets. The core fabric layer with the wettability gradient channel accelerates the transport efficiency of tiny droplets and provides certain mechanical properties. The preparation method involves using a thin metal plate with a locally lattice-arranged electric field to attract a hydrophilic modifier with opposite charges, thereby inducing the modifier to concentrate and penetrate towards the patterned electric field points due to the principle of opposite attraction, forming a core layer with a wettability gradient channel along the thickness of the nanofiber membrane.

[0009] This invention provides a method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] (1) Place one side of the hydrophobic fabric on a metal plate with a local lattice electric field. After the metal plate is energized, use electrostatic spraying technology to spray a hydrophilic modifier with opposite charge from the other side of the hydrophobic fabric. After drying in an oven, the core fabric layer is obtained.

[0011] (2) Prepare a polymer spinning solution and prepare a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane by electrospinning machine;

[0012] (3) Prepare a spraying liquid and spray it on one side of the metal plate of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) using an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric through a hot pressing process.

[0013] In one embodiment, the hydrophobic fabric in step (1) can be a fabric that is hydrophobic itself, or it can be an ordinary fabric that has been treated with a hydrophobic modifier to give it a hydrophobic effect.

[0014] In one embodiment, the fabric is one or more of pure cotton fabric, pure polyester fabric, polyester-cotton blended fabric, non-woven fabric, and knitted fabric.

[0015] In one embodiment, the hydrophobic modifier is any one of polyurethane-based, silane coupling agent-based, or commercial hydrophobic modifiers.

[0016] In one embodiment, the polyurethane-based includes one or more of organosilicon-modified polyurethane, fluorinated polyurethane, and nanomaterial-modified polyurethane.

[0017] In one embodiment, the silane coupling agent-based includes one or more of vinyl silane, amino silane, epoxy silane, mercapto silane, and methacryloxy silane.

[0018] In one embodiment, the brand of the commercial hydrophobic modifier is DASU NANO / Dashu, and the model is S500.

[0019] In one embodiment, in the lattice of the metal sheet with a locally dot-matrix arranged electric field in step (1), the diameter of a single dot is 0.1 - 5 mm, and the lattice spacing is 5 - 20 mm.

[0020] In one embodiment, in the lattice of the metal sheet with a locally dot-matrix arranged electric field in step (1), the diameter of a single dot is 1 - 5 mm, and the lattice spacing is 5 - 10 mm.

[0021] In one embodiment, in the lattice of the metal sheet with a locally dot-matrix arranged electric field in step (1), the diameter of a single dot is 1 - 3 mm, and the lattice spacing is 7 - 10 mm.

[0022] In one embodiment, in step (1), the metal sheet is negatively charged, and the voltage is: 0 - 30 kV.

[0023] In one embodiment, in step (1), the metal sheet is negatively charged, and the voltage is: 10 - 30 kV.

[0024] In one embodiment, in step (1), the metal sheet is negatively charged, and the voltage is: 10 - 20 kV.

[0025] In one embodiment, in step (1), the concentration of the hydrophilic modifier is 10 - 50 wt%.

[0026] In one embodiment, in step (1), the concentration of the hydrophilic modifier is 20 - 40 wt%.

[0027] In one embodiment, in step (1), the metal sheet is negatively charged with a voltage of 30 kV, and the concentration of the hydrophilic modifier is 40 wt%.

[0028] In one embodiment, in step (1), the hydrophilic modifier is any one of amino acid-based, allyl group-based, and hydroxyl group-based.

[0029] In one embodiment, the amino group includes one or more of serine, threonine, and asparagine.

[0030] In one embodiment, the allyl group includes one or more of propylene acetate, methyl allyl polyoxyethylene ether, and allyl polyoxyethylene ether.

[0031] In one embodiment, the hydroxyl groups include one or more of tea polyphenols, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, and polyethylene glycol.

[0032] In one embodiment, the diluent for the hydrophilic modifier is one or more of water, ethanol, toluene, xylene, acetone, cyclohexanone, and N,N-dimethylformamide.

[0033] In one embodiment, the electrostatic spraying parameters in step (1) are as follows: voltage 10-30kV, injection rate 0.5-5ml / h. -1 The receiving distance is 10-30cm, the spinning environment temperature is 25-50℃, and the humidity is 20-70%.

[0034] In one embodiment, the preparation of the polymer spinning solution in step (2) specifically involves dissolving the polymer in a solvent to form a spinning solution with a concentration of 5 to 25 wt%.

[0035] In one embodiment, the polymer is one or more of polyacrylonitrile, polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0036] In one embodiment, the solvent is one or more of water, toluene, xylene, acetone, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

[0037] In one embodiment, the water contact angle of the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane in step (2) is 10-40°.

[0038] In one embodiment, the electrospinning parameters for step (2) are as follows: voltage is 10-35kV, and injection rate is 1-5mlh. -1 The receiving distance is 10-30cm, the spinning environment temperature is 25-50℃, and the humidity is 20-70%.

[0039] In one embodiment, the spraying liquid in step (3) is a mixed solution of polymer and polymeric adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of polymer to polymeric adhesive is 1:1 to 20:1, and the concentration of the spraying liquid is 5 to 20 wt%.

[0040] In one embodiment, the polymer is one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride.

[0041] In one embodiment, the polymeric adhesive is one or more of polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0042] In one embodiment, the water contact angle of the adhesive fiber layer in step (3) is 10-90°.

[0043] In one embodiment, the electrostatic spraying parameters for step (3) are: voltage of 20-40kV and injection rate of 1-5ml / h. -1 The receiving distance is 10-35cm, the spinning environment temperature is 20-40℃, and the humidity is 20-60%.

[0044] In one embodiment, the hot pressing temperature in step (3) is 80-250°C, and this hot pressing temperature should not affect other structural layers of the fabric.

[0045] The present invention also provides a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric prepared by the method described above.

[0046] In one embodiment, the water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric has a water-wicking rate of (1.5~2.5)×10⁻⁶. 5 g / (m 2 ·h).

[0047] In one embodiment, the water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric comprises, from bottom to top, a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane, an adhesive fiber layer, and a core fabric layer with a wettable gradient channel.

[0048] In one embodiment, the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is prepared by electrospinning.

[0049] In one embodiment, the adhesive fiber layer is prepared by spraying a coating liquid using an electrostatic spraying device. The coating liquid is a mixed solution of a polymer and a polymeric adhesive, wherein the mass ratio of the polymer to the polymeric adhesive is 1:1 to 20:1, and the concentration of the coating liquid is 5 to 20 wt%.

[0050] In one embodiment, the core fabric layer with wettable gradient channels refers to placing one side of a hydrophobic fabric on a thin metal plate with a local lattice electric field. After the thin metal plate is energized, an electrostatic spraying technique is used to spray a hydrophilic modifier with opposite charges onto the other side of the hydrophobic fabric. After drying in an oven, the core fabric layer is obtained.

[0051] In one embodiment, the water contact angle at the dot matrix on the sprayed side of the water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric is 0-30°, the water contact angle at the non-dot matrix on the sprayed side is 120-140°, the water contact angle at the dot matrix on the unsprayed side is 100-140°, and the water contact angle at the non-dot matrix on the unsprayed side is 130-140°.

[0052] This invention also provides the application of the above-described water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric in functional clothing, medical and health care, filtration and separation, and flow control.

[0053] Beneficial effects:

[0054] (1) In this invention, the principle of attraction between local lattice electric field and opposite charge is adopted. By adjusting the strength of patterned electric field, the penetration depth of modifier into hydrophobic fabric can be effectively adjusted, which effectively avoids the disadvantages of large molecular weight or high viscosity modifier that easily clogs fabric pores during penetration and low viscosity modifier that easily wets fabric.

[0055] (2) In this invention, a thin layer of hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is bonded to the inside of the fabric (i.e., the skin side), which can work synergistically with the hydrophobic fabric core layer with hydrophilic gradient channels. Through the sensitive capture of tiny sweat droplets by the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane, water is quickly transferred to the hydrophilic gradient point of the core layer, which greatly improves the transfer efficiency of tiny droplets; (the water contact angle of the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is 0-40°).

[0056] (3) The composite fabric prepared in this invention has a synergistic effect among its layers, allowing the nanofiber layer at the bottom of the fabric to capture tiny droplets and then rapidly guide them to the outer layer of the fabric via the core layer. Combined with the core layer being a hydrophobic fabric with discontinuous, gradually changing wettability channels, it can continuously guide water while preventing the fabric from becoming saturated with moisture. The continuously drawn water gathers into droplets on the surface of the composite fabric and slides off with arm movements during wear. The water detaches from the fabric surface in the form of water droplets, and the detachment rate is much higher than the detachment rate of ordinary Janus fabrics, which is in the form of vapor. It not only has a continuous water-guiding effect but also accelerates the fabric drying rate. (The water-guiding rate is (1.5~2.5)×10⁻⁶) 5 g / (m 2 ·h)>>1.5×10 3 g / (m 2 ·h)). Attached Figure Description

[0057] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by the present invention. The following specific implementation manners will further describe the present invention.

[0059] The test method involved in the present invention:

[0060] 1. Water contact angle, water rolling angle

[0061] The wettability of the sample is characterized by using a water contact angle measuring instrument.

[0062] 2. Moisture transmission rate

[0063] The propelling speed is set by a thruster to test the maximum water transmission rate of the fabric to be tested.

[0064] 3. Tensile breaking strength and elongation at break:

[0065] Refer to GB / T 3923.1-2013 "Textiles - Tensile properties of fabrics - Part 1: Determination of breaking force and elongation at break (strip method)" to measure the tensile breaking strength and elongation at break.

[0066] The raw material sources adopted in the present invention:

[0067] Commercial S500 hydrophobic modifier, commercial M190 hydrophobic modifier, brand: DASU NANO / Da Shu, model: S500, manufacturer: Shanghai Huaxia Jiahe New Material Technology Co., Ltd. [[ID=二十九]]

[0068] Example 1

[0069] A preparation method of a water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0070] (1) Take a 10 cm * 10 cm polyester fabric, repeatedly pad it with commercial silane coupling agent S500 for 3 times, the padding pressure is 1 Mpa, and then transfer it to an oven at 60 °C for 6 h of drying; place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal sheet with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot diameter is 1 mm, dot spacing is 9 mm), use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal sheet, and set the negative voltage to 10 kV; then, adopt the electrostatic spraying method, electrostatically spray an aqueous solution of 20 wt% polydimethyldiallyl alcohol ester from the other side of the polyester fabric, and after drying in an oven at 60 °C for 2 h, obtain the core fabric layer; among them, the electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage is 25 kV; perfusion rate is 2 mL / h; receiving distance is about 22 cm; control the spinning environment temperature to be 25 °C; humidity is 50%;

[0071] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0072] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and fast-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester-cotton blended fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester-cotton blended fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 1.5mm and dot matrix spacing of 8.5mm). Use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal plate and set the negative voltage to 15kV. Then use electrostatic spraying to spray 25wt% tea polyphenol aqueous solution from the other side of the polyester-cotton blended fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 20kV; injection rate of 2mL / h; receiving distance of about 15cm; control the spinning environment temperature at 30℃; humidity of 40%.

[0076] (2) Polylactic acid (PLA) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 hours. Then, an appropriate amount of PLA powder was weighed and dissolved in dichloromethane. The solution was heated and stirred in an oil bath at 60°C for 8 hours to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 14wt%. PLA nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 15°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 25kV; infusion rate 2mL / h; receiving distance approximately 25cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 25°C; humidity 40%.

[0077] (3) Take polyurethane and PLA in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in dichloromethane to prepare a 15wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this fiber layer is 17°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PLA nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0080] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 3mm and dot matrix spacing of 7mm). Use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal plate and set the negative voltage to 10kV. Then use electrostatic spraying to electrostatically spray 20wt% aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene glycol from the other side of the polyester fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 25kV; injection rate of 2mL / h; receiving distance of about 22cm; control the spinning environment temperature at 25℃; humidity of 50%.

[0081] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0082] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 1 mm and dot matrix spacing of 9 mm). Use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal plate and set the negative voltage to 20 kV. Then use electrostatic spraying to electrostatically spray 20 wt% aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene glycol from the other side of the polyester fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 25 kV; injection rate of 2 mL / h; receiving distance of about 22 cm; control the spinning environment temperature at 25℃; humidity of 50%.

[0086] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0087] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0088] Example 5

[0089] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0090] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 1 mm and dot matrix spacing of 9 mm). Use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal plate and set the negative voltage to 30 kV. Then use electrostatic spraying to electrostatically spray 40 wt% of polydimethyl dipropylene glycol aqueous solution from the other side of the polyester fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 25 kV; injection rate of 2 mL / h; receiving distance of about 22 cm; control the spinning environment temperature at 25℃; humidity of 50%.

[0091] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0092] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0093] Comparative Example 1

[0094] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 1 mm and dot matrix spacing of 9 mm). Then use electrostatic spraying to electrostatically spray a 20wt% aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene glycol onto the other side of the polyester fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 25kV; injection rate of 2mL / h; receiving distance of about 22cm; spinning environment temperature of 25℃; humidity of 50%.

[0096] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0097] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] A method for preparing a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric specifically includes the following steps:

[0100] (1) Take a 10cm*10cm polyester fabric and repeatedly impregnate it three times with commercial silane coupling agent S500 at a pressure of 1 MPa. Then transfer it to a 60℃ oven for 6 hours of drying. Place one side of the dried polyester fabric on a metal plate with a local dot matrix arrangement (dot matrix diameter of 1 mm and dot matrix spacing of 9 mm). Use a negative pressure motor to control the negative pressure of the patterned dot matrix metal plate and set the negative voltage to 10 kV. Then use electrostatic spraying to electrostatically spray a 5 wt% aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene glycol from the other side of the polyester fabric. After drying in a 60℃ oven for 2 hours, the core fabric layer is obtained. The electrostatic spraying parameters are as follows: voltage of 25 kV; injection rate of 2 mL / h; receiving distance of about 22 cm; control the spinning environment temperature at 25℃; humidity of 50%.

[0101] (2) Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) powder was dried in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 20 h. Then, an appropriate amount of PAN powder was weighed and dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide. The solution was heated and stirred in a water bath at 50°C for 12 h to prepare a uniform electrospinning solution with a concentration of 10 wt%. PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared by electrospinning machine. The water contact angle of the fiber membrane was 35°. The electrospinning parameters were as follows: voltage 24 kV; infusion rate 3 mL / h; receiving distance approximately 20 cm; spinning environment temperature controlled at 40°C; humidity 30%.

[0102] (3) Take polyvinyl chloride and PAN in a mass ratio of 1:1 and dissolve them in tetrahydrofuran to prepare a 20wt% spraying solution. Spray the solution on one side of the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) by an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer. The water contact angle of this adhesive fiber layer is 30°. Then cover the adhesive fiber layer with the PAN nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) and obtain a water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric by a hot pressing process at 100°C.

[0103] Results Analysis

[0104] The performance indicators of the composite fabrics prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0105] Table 1 Performance test indicators of composite fabrics in the examples and control examples.

[0106]

[0107] As shown in Table 1, the water-wicking and quick-drying composite fabric prepared by this invention has a large water-wicking rate, as seen in Examples 1-5, where the water-wicking rate reaches 1.8-2.5 × 10⁻⁶. 5 g / (m 2 ·h); Compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the water conduction rate is significantly improved.

[0108] Furthermore, as can be seen from the data of Examples 1 and 3, in Example 3, the diameter of the lattice of the patterned electric field is larger, so the hydrophilic points are larger. After forming a water-conducting channel, the water droplets are more likely to back-permeate after gathering at the top, and the maximum water conduction rate is reduced. The larger hydrophilic points also have a greater adhesion to water, so the roll-off angle is larger.

[0109] Compared with Example 1, Example 4 changed the negative voltage of the patterned electric field from 10kV to 20kV. Since the patterned electric field is a receiving device, by covering the fabric with electrostatic spraying modification and increasing the negative voltage, the difference between the negative voltage and the 25kV high voltage positive voltage on the electrostatic spraying side increases. During the electrostatic spraying process, the mutual attraction between the positive and negative voltages increases, and the hydrophilic modifier with positive charge penetrates deeper into the patterned negative pressure area, even reaching the bottom of the fabric-covered side. This reduces the difference between the hydrophilicity of the top surface and the hydrophobicity of the bottom surface of the water-conducting channel. After the water-conducting channel is formed, water droplets tend to back-seep after gathering at the top, and the maximum water conduction rate decreases.

[0110] In Example 5, the negative voltage of the patterned electric field was set from 10kV to 30kV; the concentration of the aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene was adjusted from 20wt% to 40wt%. Since the patterned electric field is a receiving device, by covering the fabric with it and performing electrostatic spraying modification, increasing the negative voltage increases the difference between it and the 25kV high voltage positive charge on the electrostatic spraying side. During the electrostatic spraying process, the mutual attraction between the positive and negative voltages increases, and the hydrophilic modifier with a positive charge penetrates deeper into the patterned negative pressure area. However, the difference is that the hydrophilic modifier solution is more viscous, resulting in more hydrophilic modifier per unit area and a better modification effect. The mutual attraction between the positive and negative voltages generates a continuous penetrating pull on the viscous modifier, so it will not block the fabric pores. The formed water-conducting channels allow water droplets to converge at the top and drip down, increasing the maximum water conduction rate.

[0111] Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 1 used the same template but without energizing it. Since the patterned electric field was not negatively charged, the hydrophilic modifier only covered the surface during the electrostatic spraying process, and it was a uniform spray modification of the entire surface. It could not form patterned discontinuous hydrophilic points, nor could it form patterned water-conducting channels. After the water was transported to the hydrophilic modified side, it spread rapidly and could not achieve the aggregation effect.

[0112] Compared with Example 1, the concentration of the aqueous solution of polydimethyl dipropylene ester in Comparative Example 2 was adjusted from 20 wt% to 5 wt%. During the electrostatic spraying process, the presence of positive and negative voltages attracts each other. The hydrophilic modifier with positive voltage penetrates deeper into the patterned negative pressure area, and the lower the concentration, the easier it is to penetrate the water channel. This results in a smaller difference in wettability between the top and bottom sides of the water channel. After the water channel is formed, water droplets tend to backflow after converging at the top, and the maximum water conduction rate decreases.

[0113] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, nor are the described steps intended to limit the order of execution. Any obvious modifications made to the invention by those skilled in the art based on existing common knowledge also fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method of making a water conducting, quick drying composite fabric, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) one side of the hydrophobic fabric is placed on a metal sheet with a local dot array electric field, after the metal sheet is electrified, a hydrophilic modifier with different charges is sprayed from the other side of the hydrophobic fabric by using electrostatic spraying technology, after drying in an oven, a core fabric layer is obtained; (2) a polymer spinning solution is prepared, and a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is prepared by using an electrostatic spinning machine; (3) a spraying liquid is prepared, and the core fabric layer prepared in step (1) is sprayed on one side of the core fabric layer without the metal sheet by using an electrostatic spraying device to form an adhesive fiber layer, then the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane prepared in step (2) is covered on the adhesive fiber layer, and a water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric is obtained by using a hot pressing process.

2. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The hydrophobic fabric in step (1) refers to a fabric itself having hydrophobicity or a common fabric being treated by a hydrophobic modifier to have hydrophobicity.

3. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The diameter of a single dot in the dot array of the metal sheet with a local dot array electric field in step (1) is 0.1-5 mm, and the dot array spacing is 5-20 mm.

4. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The diameter of a single dot in the dot array of the metal sheet with a local dot array electric field in step (1) is 1-5 mm, and the dot array spacing is 5-10 mm.

5. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The diameter of a single dot in the dot array of the metal sheet with a local dot array electric field in step (1) is 1-3 mm, and the dot array spacing is 7-10 mm.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The metal sheet in step (1) is electrified with a negative voltage of 0-30 kV.

7. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal sheet in step (1) is electrified with a negative voltage of 10-30 kV.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The metal sheet in step (1) is electrified with a negative voltage of 10-20 kV.

9. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The concentration of the hydrophilic modifier in step (1) is 10-50 wt%.

10. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The metal sheet in step (1) is electrified with a negative voltage of 30 kV, and the concentration of the hydrophilic modifier is 40 wt%.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein, The hydrophilic modifier in step (1) is any one of an amino acid, an allyl group, and a hydroxyl group.

12. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, The electrostatic spraying parameters in step (1) are as follows: voltage 10-30 kV, perfusion rate 0.5-5 ml h -1 , receiving distance 10-30 cm, spraying ambient temperature 25-50 °C, humidity 20-70%.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein In step (2), the polymer spinning solution is prepared by dissolving a polymer in a solvent to form a spinning solution with a concentration of 5-25 wt%.

14. The production method according to claim 1, characterized by, Step (2) electrospinning parameters are as follows: voltage is 10-35 kV, perfusion rate is 1-5 ml h -1 , receiving distance is 10-30 cm, spinning environment temperature is 25-50℃; humidity is 20-70%.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step (3), the spraying liquid is a mixed solution of a polymer and a high molecular adhesive, and the mass ratio of the polymer to the high molecular adhesive is 1:1-20:1, and the concentration of the spraying liquid is 5-20 wt%.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein Step (3) electrostatic spraying parameters: voltage 20-40 kV, perfusion rate 1-5 ml h -1 , receiving distance 10-35 cm, spraying ambient temperature 20-40℃; humidity 20-60%.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein, The hot pressing temperature in step (3) is 80-250℃.

18. A water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric prepared by the preparation method in any one of claims 1-17.

19. The water-conducting, fast-drying composite fabric of claim 18, wherein, The water contact angle of the spraying side dot array of the water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric is 0-30°, the water contact angle of the non-dot array of the spraying side is 120-140°, the water contact angle of the non-dot array of the non-spraying side is 100-140°, and the water contact angle of the non-dot array of the non-spraying side is 130-140°.

20. The water-conducting and quick-drying composite fabric in any one of claims 18-19 is applied in functional clothing, medical health, filtration and separation, and flow control.

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