Diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure and a construction method thereof. The frame beam is assembled from prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated inclined beams, T-shaped steel joints, and prefabricated ground beams through connection methods such as pinning and threaded pins. The design takes into account stress release, structural flexibility, and adaptability to complex geological conditions. The prefabricated components are fixed with threaded pins, and the ends of the pins are provided with anti-loosening buckles. An internal anchor fixer is provided inside the prefabricated X-beam to enhance the prestress of the anchor rod. A sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate is arranged on the inside of the frame beam to improve the drainage effect and enhance the safety of the slope. During construction, a lightweight formwork is first installed in the slope base trench. After the slope surface is leveled, the prefabricated components are hoisted. The prefabricated ground beams are first installed, the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate is arranged, and then the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated inclined beams, and T-shaped steel joints are installed. This method improves construction efficiency, simplifies the process, and enhances the stability and safety of the slope support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of slope protection, and in particular relates to a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of expressways, slope support technology plays a vital role in ensuring road safety and stability. Expressways traverse diverse terrains with complex geological conditions, which can easily lead to slope instability and threaten driving safety. Reasonable slope support design and construction are crucial, including reinforcement (such as anchor rods and soil nail walls), protection (such as vegetated slope protection and concrete slope protection), and drainage (such as ditches and intercepting ditches). Appropriate technologies are selected based on different geological conditions, such as deep mixing piles in soft soil areas, prestressed anchor cables or shotcrete for rock slopes, and ecological slope protection technology in ecologically sensitive areas. Slope support not only affects project quality but also operational safety and economic efficiency. As technology advances, it will provide stronger support for expressway construction.

[0003] Some existing traditional methods and technologies still have many shortcomings. Currently, many slope support projects do not widely use prefabricated components, which means that most of the work needs to be completed on-site, making the construction and production process extremely susceptible to environmental factors such as rainfall and sunlight, thereby extending the construction period. At the same time, due to the on-site pouring of concrete, its strength is often difficult to fully guarantee. In addition, the complex construction environment increases operational risks and reduces the safety factor of construction. In addition, problems such as dust and noise generated by on-site construction have an adverse impact on the surrounding environment and are not conducive to environmental protection. On the other hand, traditional support methods are relatively expensive, especially in terms of material procurement and manpower input. Finally, existing support frames are mostly rigid structures. When encountering the torsional effect of the soil, it is easy to cause damage to the frame structure, reducing the durability and reliability of the overall system. These problems indicate that further optimizing slope support technology and improving its efficiency and environmental performance remain one of the future development directions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure, which can solve the problems of extended construction period, unreliable concrete strength, poor construction safety, environmental pollution and high cost in traditional slope support technology, and improve the durability and reliability of the system.

[0005] The second purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a construction method for diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beams with an enclosure structure.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure, which is spliced ​​by prefabricated components, wherein the prefabricated components include prefabricated X-beams and prefabricated inclined beams, T-shaped steel joints and prefabricated ground beams;

[0007] The prefabricated X-beam includes four connecting ends evenly distributed around the periphery; two adjacent connecting ends are arranged in an axisymmetric layout, and two diagonal connecting ends are arranged in a center-symmetrical layout, the four connecting ends are integrally formed, each connecting end is provided with a pin shaft hole, an X-beam anchor hole is provided at the symmetrical center of the connecting end, and an internal anchor fixer is provided in the X-beam anchor hole on the top surface of the prefabricated X-beam;

[0008] The T-shaped steel joint comprises two connecting ends integrally formed along a straight line and axially symmetrically arranged, both connecting ends being provided with threaded steel holes; the connecting ends of the T-shaped steel joint are overlapped with the connecting ends of the prefabricated X-beam, and the threaded steel holes are distributed correspondingly to the pin holes on the prefabricated X-beam;

[0009] The prefabricated oblique beam includes a connecting portion, the two connecting portions are centrally symmetrical, and pin holes are provided on the two connecting portions. The connecting portion of the prefabricated oblique beam overlaps with the connecting end of the T-shaped steel joint, and the pin holes on the prefabricated oblique beam are distributed correspondingly to the threaded steel holes;

[0010] The prefabricated ground beams include prefabricated inverted T beams and prefabricated T beams;

[0011] The prefabricated ground beam is arranged at the bottom of the slope soil body, and the prefabricated X beam, prefabricated inclined beam and T-shaped steel joint are arranged on the slope surface of the slope soil body.

[0012] Furthermore, an adjustable connection point is provided at one end of the connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated oblique beam, and a perforated steel plate is provided at the other end; the adjustable connection point extends into the perforated steel plate to realize pin connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated oblique beam.

[0013] Furthermore, the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated oblique beams and T-steel joints are connected by threaded pins passing through pin shaft holes and screwing into threaded steel holes; a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin, and a check buckle is provided in the through hole; a tolerance gap is provided at the overlap between the prefabricated oblique beams and the prefabricated X-beams and T-steel joints, and a retractable rubber pad is provided in the gap.

[0014] Furthermore, the width of the prefabricated T-beam is greater than that of the prefabricated X-beam and a limiting groove with the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam is opened in the center. After the prefabricated X-beam is inserted into the limiting groove, the overlapping surface of the connection end of the prefabricated X-beam completely extends out of the prefabricated T-beam; anchor holes are provided at positions corresponding to the anchor holes of the prefabricated T-beam and the X-beam;

[0015] The width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam, and both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are provided with connecting parts that overlap and cooperate with each other; the connecting parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are provided with pin holes; the prefabricated inverted T-beam and the prefabricated T-beam are fixedly connected by a pin fixer inserted into the pin holes.

[0016] Furthermore, the pin fixer includes a screw rod, and adjustable fixing holes are respectively provided on the side walls of the screw rod near both ends in the horizontal and vertical directions; the pin fixer also includes two steel cap covers, the steel cap covers are square, and each side is provided with an opening, the screw rod passes through the steel cap covers and nuts are provided at both ends; the steel cap covers are fixed between the adjustable fixing holes and the screw rod by vertical pins and horizontal pins passing through the vertical pins and horizontal pins; nuts are provided on the parts of the vertical pins and horizontal pins extending out of the steel cap covers to limit the vertical pins and horizontal pins.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a slope anchor rod, one end of which extends into the interior of the slope soil, and the other end passes through the inner anchor fixture and is provided with an anchor rod end head;

[0018] The inner anchor fixer comprises a frustum steel barrel, the top of the frustum steel barrel is the smaller end, the bottom is the larger end, and a skirting steel plate is arranged around the bottom. The smaller end of the frustum steel barrel is smaller than the anchor rod end.

[0019] Furthermore, a rectangular groove is provided on the inner wall of the truncated steel barrel at the contact point with the slope anchor rod, and an inverted triangular thorn is provided at the corresponding position of the slope anchor rod and the rectangular groove.

[0020] Furthermore, the combination of the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated oblique beams and T-shaped steel joints constitutes a diamond frame, and the combination of the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated ground beams and prefabricated oblique beams constitutes a triangular frame; the right-angle areas in the diamond frame and the triangular frame are provided with sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates, and the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates include multiple rigid L-shaped water retaining plates, and the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates are connected by flexible L-shaped water retaining plates, and the flexible L-shaped water retaining plates are provided at the overlapping surfaces at both ends of the T-shaped steel joints.

[0021] A construction method for a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure specifically comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1. Precasting a prefabricated component at a prefabrication site, wherein the slope anchor rod and the inner anchor fixer are pre-installed in the prefabricated X-beam;

[0023] S2. Pre-dig a foundation trench on the slope soil surface, and use stainless steel square tubes to make a lightweight template and place it in the foundation trench;

[0024] S3. Install the precast T-beams and inverted T-beams of the precast ground beams in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench. First, use the steel caps on the pin holders to limit the precast ground beam connections, and then tighten the screws and nuts on the vertical and horizontal pins.

[0025] S4. Place the prefabricated X beam in the upper limit groove of the installed prefabricated T beam, insert the anchor rod into the slope soil, and pre-tension the anchor rod end so that the inverted triangular thorn and the rectangular groove are engaged together;

[0026] S5. Install the prefabricated X-beams, prefabricated inclined beams, and T-shaped steel joints above the prefabricated ground beams; place retractable rubber pads where gaps exist between the T-shaped steel joints and the prefabricated inclined beams and prefabricated X-beam joints; and complete the assembly of the diamond-shaped slope frame beams.

[0027] S6. Install sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plates in the diamond-shaped frames and triangular frames of the assembled diamond-shaped slope frame beams, and install vegetation bags in the diamond-shaped frames and triangular frames.

[0028] Furthermore, in S5, the second row of prefabricated X-beams are hoisted first, and after installation, the prefabricated diagonal beams and T-shaped steel joints between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams are installed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the symmetrical design of the prefabricated components of the present invention avoids the problem of needing to re-tie during the hoisting process, thereby improving construction efficiency; the present invention does not need to set a lifting ring inside the prefabricated components, and hoisting is performed directly through the pin shaft hole, thereby simplifying the process; the arc-shaped overlap surface of the prefabricated components and the T-shaped steel joints and the adjustable connection point in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beam enhance the adaptability and stress release capacity of the structure; the sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate arranged on the side of the frame beam of the present invention improves the drainage performance and improves the safety of the slope; the anchor rod end is pre-tensioned by the anchor rod end and the The inverted triangle thorns in the prefabricated X-beams interlock to give the anchor rods prestress, saving time and effort; the prefabricated component with steel structure enclosure design simplifies the construction steps and enhances the strength of the components; the use of lightweight models to process the slope foundation trench before hoisting improves the quality of preliminary preparations; the adjustable connection point in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beam releases stress to protect the safety of the structure; the fully prefabricated support capacity is not affected by environmental factors, ensuring the strength of the concrete, speeding up the construction speed, and reducing the construction period and cost; the prefabricated T-beams and prefabricated inverted T-beams are double-protected by pin fixers, further enhancing the safety and reliability of the structure. In summary, the present invention not only simplifies the construction process and improves efficiency, but also enhances the overall adaptability and safety of the structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the frame beam supporting slope in this embodiment.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the frame beam supporting slope in this embodiment.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a diamond-shaped plan view of the frame beams of this embodiment.

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the frame beam mounted L-shaped water retaining plate in this embodiment.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the composition of the prefabricated frame beam components in this embodiment, (a) is a prefabricated X-beam, and (b) is a prefabricated inclined beam.

[0036] Figure 6 This is the main view of the prefabricated inclined beam in this embodiment.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the overlapped surface of the prefabricated component in this embodiment.

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the pin fixer in this embodiment.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the pin fixer according to this embodiment.

[0040] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 11 It is a top view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0042] Figure 12 It is a front view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0043] Figure 13 It is a left view of the assembly of prefabricated X-beams and ground beams in this embodiment.

[0044] Figure 14 This is a rendering of the assembly effect of prefabricated X-beams and prefabricated inclined beams in this embodiment.

[0045] Figure 15 It is the front view of the T-shaped steel joint in this embodiment.

[0046] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the inner anchor of the anchor rod end of the prefabricated X-beam in this embodiment.

[0047] Figure 17 This is a rendering of the lightweight model pre-installation in this embodiment.

[0048] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the buckle pin with a stopper in this embodiment.

[0049] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting of lightweight prefabricated slope components in this embodiment.

[0050] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting of lightweight prefabricated slope components in this embodiment.

[0051] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the anchor fixer inside the anchor rod end in this embodiment.

[0052] Figure 21 2. It is a cross-sectional view of the anchor fixer in the anchor rod end in this embodiment.

[0053] Figure 22 It is a partial enlarged view of the engagement between the anchor rod and the truncated cone steel drum in this embodiment.

[0054] Figure 23 It is a schematic diagram of the structural construction of the prefabricated inclined beam in this embodiment.

[0055] In the figure, 1. Slope anchor; 2. Precast ground beam; 3. X-beam anchor hole; 4. Precast inclined beam; 5. Precast X-beam; 6. Pin holder; 61. Screw; 62. Nut; 63. Vertical pin; 64. Horizontal pin; 65. Steel cap; 66. Adjustable fixing hole; 7. Pin hole; 8. Side ditch; 9. Intercepting ditch; 10. Sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate; 101. Rigid L-shaped water retaining plate; 102. Flexible L-shaped water retaining plate; 103. Fixing pin; 11. Concrete; 12. Diamond frame; 13. Retractable rubber pad; 14. Rebar; 15. Internal anchor; 151. Skirting steel plate; 152. Anchor rod end; 153. Cone steel barrel; 154. Inverted triangular thorn; 155. Rectangular groove; 16. T-shaped steel joint; 17. Threaded steel hole; 18. Vegetation bag; 19. Check buckle; 20. Threaded pin; 21. Prefabricated inverted T-beam; 22. Prefabricated T-beam; 23. Slope soil; 24. Retractable slide rail; 25. Movable pulley; 26. Perforated steel plate; 27. Adjustable connection point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] like Figures 1-3This embodiment provides a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure, which is spliced ​​by prefabricated components. The prefabricated components specifically include prefabricated X beams 5, prefabricated inclined beams 4, T-shaped steel joints 16 and prefabricated ground beams 2. In some possible embodiments, the structure of the prefabricated X beams 5 is as follows: Figure 5 (a), an X-beam anchor hole 3 is set in the center, and four connecting ends are evenly distributed around the X-beam anchor hole 3; two adjacent connecting ends are axially symmetrical, and two diagonal connecting ends are centrally symmetrical; a pin hole 7 is set on each connecting part; Figure 5 (b) The two ends of the prefabricated oblique beam 4 are connected by a centrally symmetrical connection point 27, which is used to release the stress of the frame structure. In some specific embodiments, the connection point of the two connection parts of the prefabricated oblique beam 4 is a perforated steel plate 26 on one side and an adjustable connection point 27 on the other side. The adjustable connection point 27 passes through the perforated steel plate 26 to connect the two connection parts of the prefabricated oblique beam 4. A pin hole 7 is also provided on the connection part of the prefabricated oblique beam 4. In some possible embodiments, such as Figure 23 The adjustable connection point 27 is specifically a pin fixed on one of the connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4. By controlling the length of the perforated steel plate 26, the angle and length of the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 can be fine-tuned, so that the frame structure can adapt to the mutual displacement of the slope soil 23 and avoid damage to the frame structure caused by the torsional effect.

[0058] like Figure 14 、 15 The two ends of the T-shaped steel joint 16 are symmetrical connecting ends, and threaded steel holes 17 are provided on the connecting ends.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, in some specific embodiments, a gap exists at the joints between the prefabricated diagonal beams 4, the prefabricated X-beams 5, and the T-shaped steel joints 16. This gap is designed to allow a certain degree of rotation of the components on the slope soil 23 during installation, adapting to the deformation requirements of the slope soil 23 while also relieving some stress. To prevent compression and misalignment of the components when they overlap, a retractable rubber pad 13 is placed in the gap; this not only ensures structural flexibility but also improves the overall structure's adaptability to complex geological conditions.

[0060] In some possible embodiments, the prefabricated X-beam 5, the prefabricated inclined beam 4, and the T-steel joint 16 are connected by a threaded pin 20. Specifically, the threaded pin 20 passes through the pin shaft hole 7 of the prefabricated X-beam 5 or the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and is screwed into the threaded steel hole 17 of the T-steel joint 16 to achieve fixation between the prefabricated X-beam 5, the prefabricated inclined beam 4, and the T-steel joint 16.

[0061] like Figure 18In some possible implementations, a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin 20, and a check buckle 19 is provided in the through hole to prevent the threaded pin 20 from loosening over time.

[0062] like Figures 10-12 In some specific embodiments, the prefabricated ground beam 2 includes a prefabricated inverted T beam 21 and a prefabricated T beam 22; Figures 10-13 The center of the prefabricated T-beam 22 is provided with a limiting groove of the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam 5. After the prefabricated X-beam 5 is embedded in the limiting groove, the four connecting parts of the prefabricated X-beam 5 extend out of the prefabricated T-beam 22.

[0063] In some specific embodiments, anchor holes are further provided on the prefabricated T-beam 22 , and the anchor holes are provided corresponding to the X-beam anchor holes 3 .

[0064] In some possible embodiments, the width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam 22, and both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are provided with connecting parts that overlap with each other; the connecting parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are provided with pin holes 7; the prefabricated inverted T-beam 21 and the prefabricated T-beam 22 are fixedly connected by a pin fixer 6 inserted into the pin holes 7.

[0065] like Figures 8 and 9 In some possible embodiments, the pin holder 6 includes a screw 61, with adjustable fixing holes 66 provided on the side walls near both ends thereof, respectively, in the transverse and longitudinal directions. The pin holder 6 also includes two steel caps 65, each of which is square and has an opening on each side. The screw 61 passes through the steel caps 65 and is provided with nuts 62 at both ends. The steel caps 65 are secured to the screw 61 by vertical pins 63 and transverse pins 64 passing through the adjustable fixing holes 66. Nuts 62 are provided on the portions of the vertical pins 63 and transverse pins 64 that extend out of the steel caps 65 to limit the position of the vertical pins 63 and transverse pins 64. The pin holder 6 limits the steel caps 65 by means of the adjustable fixing holes 66, the vertical pins 63, and the transverse pins 64. Combined with the tightening and limiting effect of the nuts 62 at both ends of the screw 61 on the steel caps 65, dual protection is achieved.

[0066] In this embodiment, the connection section of the prefabricated oblique beam 4 and the connection end section of the prefabricated X beam 5 are as follows: Figure 7 In some specific embodiments, the connection parts of the prefabricated inverted T-beams 21 and the prefabricated T-beams 22 have the same structure as the connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beams 4, the connection ends of the prefabricated X-beams 5, and the connection ends of the T-shaped steel joints 16, and the interiors are all cast with concrete 11.

[0067] like Figure 16In some possible implementations, an internal anchor fixer 15 is provided inside the prefabricated X-beam 5 to fix the slope anchor rod 1 inside the prefabricated X-beam 5, and the anchor is sealed with concrete 11 to ensure the strength of the prefabricated X-beam 5.

[0068] like Figures 20-22 In this embodiment, one end of the slope anchor rod 1 extends into the slope soil 23, while the other end passes through the internal anchor fixture 15 and is provided with an anchor rod end 152. In some specific embodiments, the internal anchor fixture 15 includes a conical steel barrel 153 with a smaller end at the top and a larger end at the bottom. The smaller end of the conical steel barrel 153 is smaller than the anchor rod end 152, and a skirting steel plate 151 is provided around the bottom. After the precast X-beam 5 is cast, the skirting steel plate 151 is cast together with the concrete 11 surrounding the interior of the precast X-beam 5 and, after hardening, interlocks to form a single unit. A rectangular groove 155 is provided on the inner wall. In some possible embodiments, the slope anchor rod 1 is provided with an inverted triangular spike 154 corresponding to the rectangular groove 155. By pre-tensioning the anchor rod end 152, the inverted triangular spike 154 and the rectangular groove 155 interlock, giving the slope anchor rod 1 a certain amount of prestress. Compared with the traditional external anchor pre-tensioning method, this embodiment is more time-saving and labor-saving.

[0069] like Figure 3 In some possible implementations, the prefabricated X beam 5, the prefabricated ground beam 2, the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and the T-shaped steel joint 16 are combined to form Figure 3 The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam shown; the prefabricated X beam 5, the prefabricated ground beam 2, the prefabricated inclined beam 4 are formed in the middle of a triangular frame, and the prefabricated X beam 5 and the prefabricated inclined beam 4 form a diamond-shaped frame 12; in some possible embodiments, the diamond-shaped frame 12 and the right angle area in the triangular frame are arranged as follows Figure 4 The sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate 10 includes a plurality of rigid L-shaped water retaining plates 101, which are connected by flexible L-shaped water retaining plates 102. The rigid L-shaped water retaining plates 101 are arranged in a diamond-shaped frame 12 and fixed in the slope soil 23 close to the prefabricated components by fixing pins 103.

[0070] In some possible implementations, the sizes of the diamond lattice 12 and the triangular lattice can be determined by selecting appropriate types of prefabricated ground beams 2, prefabricated inclined beams 4, prefabricated X-beams 5 and T-shaped steel joints 16 or selecting an appropriate number of prefabricated inclined beams 4 as needed.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, all prefabricated components are precast in prefabrication molds, such as Figure 16 Before pouring, steel bars 14 are provided on the inner wall of the prefabricated component frame to ensure the structural stability of the prefabricated component.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a construction method for a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure. The specific construction method is as follows: First, before hoisting the prefabricated components, a foundation trench must be pre-dug on the surface of the slope soil 23 and a lightweight formwork must be made using stainless steel square tubes. This formwork must be manually installed to ensure the precise placement of the prefabricated components and the T-shaped steel joints 16. Before installation, the contact area between the frame beam and the slope surface must be carefully checked. If there are any sharp protrusions, they must be smoothed with tools such as jackhammers and shovels, and the uneven areas must be filled with cement mortar to prepare for the subsequent hoisting of the prefabricated components. Figure 17 shown.

[0073] The first step is to operate a crane at the foot of the slope. The crane includes a retractable slide rail 24 and is suitable for slopes above the second level and can be moved on the slope platform through a movable pulley 25, such as Figure 19 First, install the prefabricated T beams 22 and prefabricated inverted T beams 21 in the prefabricated ground beam 2 in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench. During installation, ensure that the anchor holes of the prefabricated inverted T beams 21 are aligned with the anchors, and Figure 8 The pin fixer 6 shown hinges the prefabricated T beam 22 and the prefabricated inverted T beam 21 together. The specific structure of the pin fixer 6 is as follows: Figure 9 As shown, the first layer of protection is formed by fixing the horizontal pin 64 and the vertical pin 63 in the steel cap 65 on the adjustable fixing hole 66 on the screw rod 61 through nuts, and the second layer of protection is formed by tightening the nut at the end of the screw rod 61.

[0074] The second step is to place the prefabricated X beam 5 at the reserved position on the prefabricated T beam 22 that has been installed. Figure 16 As shown. The anchor rod is inserted into the slope soil 23 and pre-tensioned by the anchor rod end 152, so that the inverted triangular thorn 154 and the rectangular groove 155 are engaged together, giving the anchor rod a certain amount of prestress. This method is more time-saving and labor-saving than the traditional anchor rod external anchor pre-tensioning. In this embodiment, the anchor rod end 152 is set as an internal anchor within the prefabricated X-beam 5, wherein the frustum steel barrel 153 and the slope anchor rod 1 are embedded and integrally cast during the production of the prefabricated component.

[0075] The third step is to continue installing the prefabricated X-beams 5, prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and T-steel joints 16 above the prefabricated ground beams 2 after completing the installation of the ground beams and prefabricated X-beams 5 at the foot of the slope. In view of the fact that the slope protection of this embodiment adopts a diamond design, which is different from the traditional rectangular structure, its installation process requires special attention to ensure construction accuracy. Following the installation steps of this embodiment can effectively position the frame beams, which not only simplifies the operating procedures of the construction personnel, but also avoids the secondary hoisting adjustments caused by position errors, thereby saving time and labor. First, hoist the second row of prefabricated X-beams 5. After the installation is completed, install the prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and T-steel joints 16 between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams 5. When there is a gap between the overlap of the prefabricated diagonal beams 4 and the prefabricated X-beams 5 and the T-steel joints 16, a retractable rubber pad 13 needs to be placed to avoid extrusion and misalignment during overlap, such as Figure 6 Then, through the threaded pin 20 (as Figure 18 As shown, the precast member is threaded through the threaded holes of the T-shaped steel joint 16 and tightened, while a retaining clip 19 is inserted to prevent the threaded pin 20 from loosening over time. The precast diagonal beam 4 connects the left and right sections together at an adjustable connection point 27, relieving stress on the frame structure at this point. Figure 15 It is the front view of T-shaped steel joint 16.

[0076] Finally, follow Figure 14 The diamond-shaped slope frame beams are arranged and installed in the form of a 23-axis arrangement, so that the overall frame structure can adapt to larger expansion and contraction deformation of the slope soil 23, while effectively avoiding fracture and damage, and releasing the stress of the prefabricated components.

[0077] The fourth step is to arrange the prefabricated frame beams on the slope (such as Figure 3 As shown), the inner side of the assembled diamond-shaped prefabricated frame structure is arranged as follows Figure 4 The sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate 10 is shown. The structure consists of a rigid L-shaped water retaining plate 101, a flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 and a fixing pin 103. The flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 is arranged at the overlap surface of the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16, which can avoid the change of the gap between the prefabricated component and the T-shaped steel joint 16 due to compression or extension. The height of the flexible L-shaped water retaining plate 102 and the rigid L-shaped water retaining plate 101 is higher than the cross-sectional height of the frame beam (generally 3-5 cm higher than the cross-sectional height of the frame beam). When the rainy season comes, the water on the slope soil 23 can be smoothly discharged through the drainage channel formed by these water retaining plates, avoiding the scouring and penetration of the slope soil 23 by rainwater, and enhancing the safety of the slope soil 23. Figure 2 The side ditch 8 is used to collect and drain the water on the slope, while the intercepting ditch 9 is used to drain the water flowing from the top of the slope, thereby reducing the drainage burden of the side ditch 8.

[0078] like Figure 1In some possible implementations, after the prefabricated frame beams of the slope are arranged, vegetation bags 18 are set in the formed diamond-shaped grids 12 and triangular grids.

[0079] The prefabricated components of this embodiment are symmetrical and do not need to be re-tied and then lifted due to flipping during the lifting process, which improves construction efficiency. Secondly, the traditional lifting method requires pre-embedded lifting rings inside the prefabricated components and lifting through the lifting rings, while the prefabricated components of this patent do not need to be equipped with lifting rings inside. They can be lifted and tied directly through the pin holes 7 on the prefabricated components, which simplifies the construction process. Thirdly, the lap joint between the prefabricated components and the T-shaped steel joints 16 is an arc-shaped design, which is conducive to the mutual rotation of the two. The middle of the prefabricated inclined beams 4 are connected to each other through adjustable connection points 27, which can release the stress of the frame beam and better protect the prefabricated components. In addition, a sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate is set on the side of the frame beam, so that rainwater can be smoothly discharged through the drainage channel composed of the sheet-like L-shaped water retaining plate on the upper surface of the frame beam, thereby enhancing the slope drainage effect. The end of the anchor rod is pre-tensioned in the prefabricated X-beam 5 by pre-tensioning the anchor rod end 152, so that the inverted triangle thorn 154 is engaged with the rectangle, giving the anchor rod a certain prestress. Compared with the traditional method, this method is more time-saving and labor-saving by pre-tensioning and then casting the anchor pier outside the frame beam. The prefabricated component is a component with a steel structure enclosure, and the steel structure enclosure can be directly used as a template, which not only saves time and improves efficiency, but also enhances the prefabricated component's ability to withstand tension and torsion. Before hoisting the prefabricated component, a lightweight model is first placed in the slope base trench. The places where sharp stones protrude can be smoothed with tools such as pneumatic picks and shovels, and the uneven places can be filled with cement mortar to prepare for subsequent installation. The adjustable connection point 27 set in the middle of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 can release the stress of the prefabricated inclined beam 4 and better protect the safety of the structure. This embodiment can achieve full prefabricated support for the slope. The prefabricated components are constructed on flat ground in the prefabrication plant and are not affected by environmental factors such as rainfall and sunshine. The strength of the concrete 11 is guaranteed, the construction is safe, and the environment is clean. Prefabricated components can be assembled quickly, requiring less construction machinery and personnel, thus shortening the construction period, reducing construction difficulty, saving construction costs, and enabling timely support of slopes.

[0080] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a related manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiment is generally similar to the method embodiment, so the description is relatively simple. For related parts, refer to the description of the method embodiment.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure, characterized in that: It is assembled from prefabricated components, wherein the prefabricated components include prefabricated X beams (5), prefabricated inclined beams (4), T-shaped steel joints (16) and prefabricated ground beams (2); The prefabricated X-beam (5) includes four connecting ends evenly distributed around the periphery; two adjacent connecting ends are arranged in an axisymmetric layout, and two diagonal connecting ends are arranged in a center-symmetrical layout; the four connecting ends are integrally formed, each connecting end is provided with a pin hole (7), an X-beam anchor hole (3) is provided at the symmetrical center of the connecting end, and an internal anchor fixer (15) is provided in the X-beam anchor hole (3) on the top surface of the prefabricated X-beam (5); The T-shaped steel joint (16) comprises two connecting ends integrally formed along a straight line and axially symmetrically arranged, and both connecting ends are provided with threaded steel holes (17); the connecting end of the T-shaped steel joint (16) overlaps with the connecting end of the prefabricated X-beam (5), and the threaded steel holes (17) are distributed correspondingly to the pin holes (7) on the prefabricated X-beam (5); The prefabricated oblique beam (4) includes two connecting parts, the two connecting parts are centrally symmetrical, and pin holes (7) are provided on the two connecting parts. The connecting parts of the prefabricated oblique beam (4) overlap with the connecting ends of the T-shaped steel joints (16), and the pin holes (7) on the prefabricated oblique beam (4) are distributed correspondingly to the threaded steel holes (17); The prefabricated ground beam (2) comprises a prefabricated inverted T beam (21) and a prefabricated T beam (22); the prefabricated inverted T beam (21) and the prefabricated T beam (22) are fixedly connected by a pin fixer (6) inserted into a pin hole (7); The width of the prefabricated T-beam (22) is greater than that of the prefabricated X-beam (5) and a limiting groove having the same shape as the prefabricated X-beam (5) is opened in the center. After the prefabricated X-beam (5) is inserted into the limiting groove, the lap joint surface of the connection end of the prefabricated X-beam (5) completely extends outside the prefabricated T-beam (22); The pin fixer (6) includes a screw (61), and the side walls of the screw (61) near both ends are provided with adjustable fixing holes (66) in the transverse and longitudinal directions respectively; the pin fixer (6) also includes a steel cap (65), a vertical pin (63) and a transverse pin (64); The steel cap (65) is fixed between the adjustable fixing hole (66) and the screw (61) by means of a vertical pin (63) and a horizontal pin (64); a nut (62) is provided on the portion of the vertical pin (63) and the horizontal pin (64) extending out of the steel cap (65) to limit the vertical pin (63) and the horizontal pin (64); The prefabricated ground beam (2) is arranged at the bottom of the slope soil (23), and the prefabricated X-beam (5), prefabricated inclined beam (4), and T-shaped steel joint (16) are arranged on the slope surface of the slope soil (23); the prefabricated X-beam (5), prefabricated inclined beam (4), and T-shaped steel joint (16) are combined to form a diamond frame (12), and the prefabricated X-beam (5), prefabricated ground beam (2), and prefabricated inclined beam (4) are combined to form a triangular frame; The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam further comprises a slope anchor rod (1) and a sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10); the sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10) is arranged in a right-angled area between the diamond-shaped lattice (12) and the triangular lattice; One end of the slope anchor rod (1) extends into the interior of the slope soil (23), and the other end passes through the inner anchor fixer (15) and is provided with an anchor rod end (152).

2. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjustable connection point (27) is provided at one end of the connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam (4), and a perforated steel plate (26) is provided at the other end; the adjustable connection point (27) extends into the perforated steel plate (26) to realize pin connection between the two connection parts of the prefabricated inclined beam (4).

3. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated X-beam (5), the prefabricated oblique beam (4), and the T-shaped steel joint (16) are connected by a threaded pin (20) passing through a pin shaft hole (7) and screwed into a threaded steel hole (17); a through hole is provided at the threaded end of the threaded pin (20), and a check buckle (19) is provided in the through hole; a tolerance gap is provided at the overlap between the prefabricated oblique beam (4), the prefabricated X-beam (5), and the T-shaped steel joint (16), and a retractable rubber pad (13) is provided in the gap.

4. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Anchor holes are provided at positions corresponding to the prefabricated T-beam (22) and the X-beam anchor holes (3); The width of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) is the same as that of the prefabricated T-beam (22); both ends of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22) are provided with connecting portions that overlap and cooperate with each other; a pin hole (7) is provided on the connecting portion of the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22); and the prefabricated inverted T-beam (21) and the prefabricated T-beam (22) are fixedly connected by a pin fixer (6) inserted into the pin hole (7).

5. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The steel cap (65) is square and has an opening on each side. The screw (61) passes through the steel cap (65) and is provided with nuts (62) at both ends.

6. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner anchor fixer (15) comprises a truncated cone steel barrel (153), the top of the truncated cone steel barrel (153) being a smaller end and the bottom being a larger end, and a skirting steel plate (151) being provided around the bottom, and the smaller end of the truncated cone steel barrel (153) being smaller than the anchor rod end (152); A rectangular groove (155) is provided on the inner wall of the truncated steel barrel (153) at the contact point with the slope anchor rod (1), and an inverted triangular thorn (154) is provided at the corresponding position of the slope anchor rod (1) and the rectangular groove (155).

7. The diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with enclosure structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10) comprises a plurality of rigid L-shaped water retaining plates (101), wherein the rigid L-shaped water retaining plates (101) are connected via flexible L-shaped water retaining plates (102), and the flexible L-shaped water retaining plates (102) are arranged at the overlapping surfaces at both ends of the T-shaped steel joint (16).

8. The construction method of a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with a protective structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. Precasting a prefabricated component at a prefabrication site, wherein the slope anchor rod (1) and the inner anchor fixer (15) are preset in the prefabricated X-beam (5); S2, pre-digging a foundation trench on the surface of the slope soil (23), and using stainless steel square tubes to make a lightweight template and place it in the foundation trench; S3. Install the prefabricated T-beams (22) and the prefabricated inverted T-beams (21) of the prefabricated ground beam (2) in the lightweight formwork inside the foundation trench. First, use the steel cap (65) on the pin holder (6) to limit the connection of the prefabricated ground beam (2), and then tighten the screw (61) and the nuts on the vertical pin (63) and the horizontal pin (64); S4, placing the prefabricated X beam (5) in the upper limit groove of the installed prefabricated T beam (22), and inserting the anchor rod into the slope soil (23), and pre-tensioning the anchor rod end (152) so that the inverted triangular thorn (154) and the rectangular groove (155) are engaged together; S5, installing the prefabricated X beam (5), prefabricated inclined beam (4) and T-shaped steel joint (16) above the prefabricated ground beam (2); and placing a retractable rubber pad (13) when there is a gap between the T-shaped steel joint (16) and the prefabricated inclined beam (4) and the prefabricated X beam (5) joint overlap; completing the assembly of the diamond slope frame beam; S6. Installing a sheet-mounted L-shaped water retaining plate (10) in the diamond-shaped frame (12) and the triangular frame of the assembled diamond-shaped slope frame beam, and installing a vegetation bag (18) in the diamond-shaped frame (12) and the triangular frame.

9. The construction method of a diamond-shaped prefabricated frame beam with an enclosure structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step S5, the second row of prefabricated X-beams (5) are first hoisted. After installation, the prefabricated inclined beams (4) and T-shaped steel joints (16) between the first and second rows of prefabricated X-beams (5) are installed.

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