Reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission and a control method, the vertical axis wind turbine comprises a rotor system, a blade system, a supporting system, a transmission system and a control system, the rotor system comprises a composite rotor shaft, and the composite rotor shaft comprises an inner rotor shaft and an outer rotor shaft; the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft coaxially rotate around the same rotating shaft in different directions; the transmission system comprises a transverse driving gear, a longitudinal driven double-tooth gear and a transverse driven gear. Differential speed and reverse rotation between the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft are achieved through linkage of the gears. The blade system comprises lift-type blades and resistance-type blades, the control system can adjust the angles of the lift-type blades and the resistance-type blades according to the wind speed and the wind direction, under the extreme working condition, the angles are adjusted to enable the blade system and the supporting system to be tangent to form a closed structure, and the safety of the overall structure of the wind turbine is protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As a clean, efficient and safe form of energy, wind energy has attracted worldwide attention and is considered to be one of the most promising new energy sources in the future. According to the different rotating axes, wind turbines are mainly divided into two categories: horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines. However, the horizontal axis wind turbine has a large rotor and a high center, which requires high overall structural strength and foundation bearing capacity. In addition, the overall structure is relatively complex and the cost is high. Therefore, researchers are committed to the research of vertical axis wind turbines. Vertical axis wind turbines can be divided into lift type vertical axis wind turbines and resistance type vertical axis wind turbines according to different working principles. Vertical axis wind turbines have the advantages of simple structure, easy installation and maintenance, and can receive wind from multiple directions without the need for yaw devices. However, vertical axis wind turbines have the disadvantages of low wind energy utilization efficiency, poor self-starting performance, and large transmission shaft load, which will have an adverse effect on the transmission system of the vertical axis wind turbine, accelerate the fatigue of the transmission shaft system, and even cause the transmission shaft to break and the overall structure to overturn, which directly leads to reduced economic benefits and serious waste of resources.

[0003] Domestic and foreign scholars have improved the power generation efficiency of vertical axis wind turbines by optimizing the structure of vertical axis wind turbines. For example, CN118757321A discloses a floating vertical axis wind turbine generator set and system. Although the frontal area of ​​the wind is increased by nesting lift blades and resistance blades, the power generation efficiency can be improved to a certain extent. However, the lift blades and resistance blades have similar structures, which cannot ensure that the lift blades and resistance blades maintain a certain phase difference when rotating, and cannot substantially improve the power generation efficiency.

[0004] Similarly, CN113217272A discloses a lift-drag composite vertical axis wind turbine for a wind-solar integrated power generation system. The combination of lift and drag improves the self-starting performance and enables opening and closing of different blades at different wind speeds. However, the problem of excessive load on the transmission shaft is not solved, and there are safety hazards, which is not conducive to subsequent maintenance and repair, and needs further optimization and improvement.

[0005] In addition, in the prior art, due to the structural form of the vertical axis wind turbine, it is easy to cause problems such as stall, and under extreme working conditions it is very easy to cause the unit to overturn or collapse, seriously threatening the safety of life and property. At present, a simpler and more reliable transmission structure has not been developed to achieve forward and reverse rotation, differential and other problems.

[0006] In order to solve these problems, it is urgent to provide a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission. The self-starting performance of the vertical axis wind turbine is improved by combining lift and drag in a nested form. The forward and reverse differential rotation is achieved by the coordinated use of the driving gear and the driven gear. On the one hand, the load on the transmission shaft is reduced, and on the other hand, the utilization efficiency of turbulent wind is increased, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine. Under extreme working conditions, the lift-type blades and the drag-type blades can be closed as a whole through the linkage of related systems, which solves the possibility of further damage to the overall structure under extreme working conditions. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and a control method based on differential transmission, utilizing the good self-starting performance of the resistance type wind turbine and the high power generation capacity of the lift type wind turbine, and using a positive and reverse rotation combined structure to fully utilize the wind from different directions of turbulent wind to further improve the overall power generation efficiency; at the same time, with the reverse rotation structure, the torques in different directions will offset a part, so that the dynamic response of the overall wind turbine structure tends to be stable, and the loads on the rotor system and the transmission system will also be partially offset. In addition, under extreme working conditions, the lift type blades and the resistance type blades can be closed to reduce the windward area and protect the overall structure of the wind turbine to the greatest extent. The design of the present invention is relatively simple, with a high degree of modular design, and it is easy to realize mass production, which is beneficial to later maintenance and repair, and reduces the later use cost.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, which comprises a rotor system, a blade system, a support system and a transmission system, wherein the support system comprises a rotating support and a base support; The rotor system includes a composite rotor shaft, the composite rotor shaft including an outer rotor shaft and an inner rotor shaft; The blade system is connected to the rotor system through the rotating bracket, the blade system includes lift blades and drag blades, the lift blades and drag blades are vertically arranged, the lift blades are arranged outside the drag blades, the lift blades are connected to the outer rotor shaft through the rotating bracket, and the drag blades are connected to the inner rotor shaft through the rotating bracket; The transmission system is arranged between the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, and comprises a transverse driving gear, a longitudinal driven double-tooth gear and a transverse driven gear. The transverse driving gear is colinear with the rotation axis of the transverse driven gear; the transverse driven gear is connected to the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, one end of the longitudinal driven double-tooth gear is meshed with the transverse driving gear up and down, and the other end is meshed with the transverse driven gear, and the transverse driven gear is used for generating electricity.

[0009] Preferably, the rotating bracket further comprises a transverse support, the lift-type blades are connected to the outer rotor shaft via the transverse support, and the transverse support is retractable in its length direction.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating bracket also includes a lateral support and a fixing device; one end of the lateral support is connected to the outer rotor shaft, and the other end is connected to the fixing device; the lift-type blade is detachably connected to the fixing device.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating bracket also includes at least two annular supports, an inner blade shaft and an oblique support; the annular support is connected to the inner rotor shaft through the oblique support, a plurality of the annular supports are arranged in parallel, and the inner blade shaft is connected between the annular supports; the central axis of the resistance type blade is fixed to the inner blade shaft, and the inner blade rotates around the inner blade shaft to adjust the opening and closing angle of the inner blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the lift-type blades are vertically and evenly arranged around the outer rotor shaft; the cross-section of the lift-type blades is a wing-like shape, the angle of the lift-type blades is a fixed angle, and gaps are left between the lift-type blades; the inner and outer side surfaces of the lift-type blades are overall streamlined surfaces, extending from the leading edge of the wing-like shape to the trailing edge.

[0013] Furthermore, the drag type blades are vertically and evenly arranged around the inner rotor shaft, the drag type blades are arranged in the gap positions of the lift type blades, and the height of the drag type blades is lower than the height of the lift type blades; the cross-section of the drag type blades is spindle-shaped, and the inner and outer side surfaces of the drag type blades extend along the spindle shape.

[0014] Furthermore, the transverse driving gear, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear and the transverse driven gear are bevel gears; the transverse driving gear includes an upper driving gear located at the upper part of the transmission system and a lower driving gear located at the lower part of the transmission system, the upper driving gear is fixedly connected to one of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, and the lower driving gear is fixedly connected to the other of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft; the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear is arranged in the middle part of the transmission system, one end of the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear is meshed with the upper driving gear and the lower driving gear up and down, and the other end is meshed with the transverse driven gear, and the transverse driven gear is connected to a power generation shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission system further comprises a one-way bearing, the transverse driving gear is connected to the outer rotor shaft and / or the inner rotor shaft via the one-way bearing, and the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft rotate in opposite directions.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the support system, and the control system includes a memory, a processor and several wind speed sensors; the wind speed sensor transmits the captured wind speed and wind direction information to the processor, and the processor controls the support system according to the received signal, thereby adjusting the position of the blade system.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a control method for a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, which is applied to the reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, and the specific steps are as follows: S1. Input local climate information into the memory, the processor determines the opening and closing angle of the blade system according to the input information, the wind speed sensor captures wind speed and wind direction data in real time, and the processor issues instructions for opening, closing or adjusting the angle of the blade system according to the captured wind speed signal; S2. Under normal turbulent wind, the lift blades rotate unidirectionally around the outer rotor shaft, and the resistance blades rotate in the opposite direction around the inner rotor shaft. The inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft drive the transverse driving gear to rotate, and the transverse driving gear drives the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear to rotate, thereby driving the transverse driven gear to rotate, so that the power generation shaft rotates to realize wind power generation; S31, when the rotation speeds of the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft are the same, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear rotates with its own central axis as the center; S32, when the speeds of the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft are different, the longitudinal double-toothed driven rotor will rotate around the transverse driving gear with a lower speed or perform orbital motion; S4. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the processor controls the resistance type blades to automatically close to a zero windward angle, and the resistance type blades stop running.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the at least one technical solution adopted in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects: The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission of the present invention adopts a structural form in which multiple active gears drive driven gears, and utilizes the characteristics of its mechanical structure to convert the kinetic energy generated by rotors rotating in different directions into kinetic energy in the same direction and on the same axis. The kinetic energy collected by lift-type blades and drag-type blades can be converted to the greatest extent, greatly improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine; at the same time, it solves the safety hazards caused by the differential rotation of the blades to the transmission system.

[0019] Second, the reversing lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission of the present invention adopts different forms of internal and external rotating brackets. The combination of the two brackets can improve the stability of the structure and improve the space utilization rate. In addition, the inner blades can rotate around the blade axis, and the upper and lower support rods in the outer rotating bracket can be extended and retracted. In extreme working conditions, the inner blades can rotate around the blade axis to a tangent angle with the annular support, and the lift blades can be retracted along the upper and lower support rods to a tangent distance with the annular support, thereby reducing the windward area of ​​the wind turbine and improving the safety of the wind turbine under extreme working conditions.

[0020] Third, in the reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission of the present invention, the inner and outer rotors rotate around the inner and outer rotating shafts in opposite directions, and the torques in opposite directions generated during the operation of the wind turbine offset each other, which can weaken the load of the rotor system and the transmission system in the vertical axis wind turbine. At the same time, it can maximize the use of turbulent winds in different wind directions and improve the power generation efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0021] Fourth, the inverted lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission of the present invention adopts a lift-drag combined structure, utilizes the characteristics of lift-type blades to improve the overall wind energy utilization rate, and utilizes the characteristics of drag-type blades to improve the overall self-starting performance; and gaps are left between the lift-type blades to ensure that the inner blades have sufficient air intake to drive.

[0022] Fifth, the inverted lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine and control method based on differential transmission of the present invention adopts detachable lift-type blades. The modular design of the blades is high, and the blades can be flexibly replaced as needed, which is convenient for management and maintenance and easy to realize mass production, which is beneficial to later maintenance and repair, and reduces the later use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a transmission partial detailed diagram of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial detailed view of a one-way bearing of a vertical axis wind turbine combined with a reverse lift-drag device based on differential transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer rotors of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a front view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a top view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Attached photos

[0025] 1. Rotor system; 11. Upper outer shaft rotor; 12. Middle inner shaft rotor; 13. Lower outer shaft rotor; 2. Blade system; 21. Resistance type blade; 22. Lift type blade; 31. Inner rotating bracket; 311. Oblique support; 312. Inner blade shaft; 313. Annular support; 32. Outer rotating bracket; 321. Transverse support; 322. Fixing device; 33. Basic bracket; 34. Wind turbine baffle; 35. Power generation shaft; 4. Transmission system; 41. One-way bearing; 411. Inner ring; 412. Outer ring; 413. Oblique block; 414. Limiting device; 415. Winding spring; 421. Lower driving gear; 422. Upper driving gear; 423. Transverse driven gear; 424. Longitudinal driven double-tooth gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the "longitudinal" mentioned in the present application refers to the direction of the central axis of the vertical axis wind turbine, and the "lateral" refers to the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the vertical axis wind turbine; the "outer" and "inner" mentioned in the present application do not refer to their relative positional relationship, that is, the outer rotating shaft is not necessarily located on the relatively outer side of the inner rotating shaft, and the outer rotor shaft is not necessarily located on the outer side of the inner rotor shaft; the steps of the control method in the present application are only steps under ideal conditions, the order of the steps can be changed, and multiple steps can be performed simultaneously; at the same time, in this specification, the description of the orientation, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside, longitudinal, lateral, vertical, horizontal, etc., indicates the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] The structural form of the vertical axis wind turbine in the prior art is prone to problems such as stall, and can easily cause the unit to overturn or collapse under extreme conditions, seriously threatening the safety of life and property. At present, a simpler and more reliable transmission structure has not been developed to achieve positive and reverse rotation, differential speed and other problems.

[0030] Based on this, the embodiments of this specification propose a vertical axis wind turbine solution: the solution adopts a composite rotor and a differential transmission system to achieve the effect of convenient storage. Example

[0031] This embodiment provides a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. Figure 1It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wind turbine, which includes a rotor system 1, a blade system 2, a support system, a transmission system 4 and a control system; the rotor system 1 includes an outer rotor shaft and an inner rotor shaft, the outer rotor shaft includes an upper outer shaft rotor 11 and a lower outer shaft rotor 13, the inner rotor shaft includes a middle inner shaft rotor 12, the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the lower outer shaft rotor 13 rotate around the outer rotating shaft, and the middle inner shaft rotor 12 rotates in the opposite direction around the inner rotating shaft; a transmission system 4 is arranged between the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the middle inner shaft rotor 12, and between the lower outer shaft rotor 13 and the middle inner shaft rotor 12; the blade system 2 is divided into a resistance type blade 21 and a lift type blade 22, and the blade system 2 is connected to the rotor system 1 through the support system, so that the rotor system 1 rotates around the support system to achieve the effect of power generation.

[0032] In this solution, the torque generated by the reverse rotation of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft offsets each other, significantly reducing the load on the rotor system 1 and the transmission system 4, thereby reducing the stress burden of the transmission system 4, significantly extending the life of the equipment, and making the wind turbine run more smoothly, reducing the risk of failure caused by mechanical fatigue; the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft rotate in opposite directions, which can simultaneously utilize turbulent winds in different directions in the wind field, optimize wind energy conversion capabilities, and maintain high power generation efficiency in complex wind conditions; the lift-type blades 22 drive the outer rotor shaft to provide high-efficiency power output; the resistance-type blades 21 drive the inner rotor shaft to enhance the self-starting ability of the wind turbine. The two blades work together in forward and reverse rotation to ensure that the wind turbine can start smoothly even under low wind speed conditions.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 2The figure shows a partial detailed view of the transmission system 4 of the reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission; the transmission system 4 is arranged between the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, that is, between the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the middle inner shaft rotor 12, and between the lower outer shaft rotor 13 and the middle inner shaft rotor 12; the transmission system 4 includes a transverse driving gear, a longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424, a transverse driven gear 423 and a power generation shaft 35; the transverse driving gear, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 and the transverse driven gear 423 are all bevel gears, and the transverse driving gear is arranged The junction of the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft; the transverse driving gear includes an upper driving gear 422 located at the upper part of the transmission system 4 and a lower driving gear 421 located at the lower part of the transmission system 4, the lower part of the lower driving gear 421 is connected to the one-way bearing 41, and the lower part of the one-way bearing 41 is connected to the outer rotor shaft; the upper driving gear 422 is fixedly connected to one of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, and the lower driving gear 421 is fixedly connected to the other of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft; the power generation shaft 35 is arranged in the middle of the transmission system 4, and the transverse driven gear 42 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the power generation shaft 35; the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 is arranged in the middle of the transmission system 4, one end of the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 is meshed with the transverse driving gear up and down, and the other end is meshed with the transverse driven gear 423; when the lower driving gear 421 rotates clockwise around the axis and the upper driving gear 422 rotates counterclockwise around the axis, if the two driving gears have the same speed, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 only rotates on its own, at this time the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 drives the transverse driven gear 423 to rotate, and the transverse driven gear 42 3 drives the power generation shaft 35 to generate electricity; if the upper driving gear 422 and the lower driving gear 421 rotate at different speeds, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 will rotate while revolving around the driving gear with a slower rotation speed. At this time, the power generation shaft 35 is still driven by the rotation and revolution of the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear 424 to generate electricity; in this solution, by converting the kinetic energy generated by the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft in different directions into kinetic energy in the same direction and on the same axis, the kinetic energy collected by the blade system 2 can be converted to the maximum extent, and the power generation efficiency is greatly improved.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 3The figure shows a partial detailed view of a one-way bearing 41 of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. A group of cam bevel blocks 413 are arranged between the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412 of the one-way bearing 41, wherein the major diameter of the bevel block 413 is greater than the distance between the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412, and the minor axis is smaller than the distance between the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412. A limit device 414 is arranged between the bevel blocks 413, and a cylindrical winding spring 415 is arranged between the bevel blocks 413, which are connected end to end to form an annular spring arranged on the fulcrum of the bevel block 413. When the outer ring 412 rotates clockwise, the one-way bearing 41 rotates normally. When the outer ring 412 rotates counterclockwise, the bevel block 413 is vertically supported between the inner ring 411 and the outer ring 412, thereby preventing the outer ring 412 from continuing to rotate.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 4 The figure shows the internal shaft system diagram of the reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, wherein the rotor system 1 is provided with an upper outer shaft rotor 11, a middle inner shaft rotor 12 and a lower outer shaft rotor 13 distributed in height, and the rotation direction of the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the lower outer shaft rotor 13 is opposite to the rotation direction of the middle inner shaft rotor 12; wherein both the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft adopt one-way bearings 41, and the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the lower outer shaft rotor 13 adopt one-way bearings 41 in the same direction, and the middle inner shaft rotor 12 adopts one-way bearings 41 in the opposite direction, so as to achieve the purpose of coaxial but coaxial rotation when the lift-type blades 22 and the drag-type blades 21 rotate at different speeds; and the torques in opposite directions generated during the operation of the wind turbine offset each other, which can weaken the loads of the rotor system 1 and the transmission system 4 in the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the number of the resistance type blades 21 is greater than the number of the lift type blades 22, so as to ensure that the resistance type blades 21 can be driven all the time without maintaining a certain phase difference with the lift type blades 22; the spacing between the lift type blades 22 can ensure that there is enough airflow entering the resistance type blades 21, so that the resistance type blades 21 can be driven; preferably, the lift type blades 22 are vertically and evenly arranged around the outer rotor shaft, the angle of the lift type blades 22 is a fixed angle, and a certain gap is left to allow wind to pass through the lift type blades 22, thereby driving the resistance type 21 blades.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the upper outer shaft rotor 11 and the lower outer shaft rotor 13 are connected to the fixing device 322 via a lateral support 321, and are jointly connected to the lift-type blades 22 via the fixing device 322; one end of the lateral support 321 is fixedly connected to the outer rotor shaft, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixing device 322; the lift-type blades 22 are connected to the fixing device 322 via bolts to achieve rapid disassembly of the lift-type blades 22.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the support system includes a rotating bracket and a base bracket 33. The base bracket 33 is located at the bottom of the wind turbine as a whole and bears all the loads of the wind turbine as a whole. The base bracket 33 is hollow inside and supported by a plurality of trusses. The control system, motor and other facilities can be installed thereon. The bottom of the rotating bracket is connected to the top of the base bracket 33. The rotating bracket includes an inner rotating bracket 31 and an outer rotating bracket 32. The inner rotating bracket 31 is a radial structure. The inner rotating bracket 31 includes an annular support 313 and a plurality of oblique supports 311. The annular support 313 includes an upper annular support and a lower annular support. The inner shaft rotor 12 is connected to the annular support 313 through a plurality of oblique supports 311. The upper annular support and the lower annular support are connected by a plurality of vertically arranged inner blade shafts 312; the outer rotating bracket 32 ​​includes a plurality of lateral supports 321, and the lateral supports 321 can be retracted and extended; under extreme working conditions, the lateral supports 321 can be retracted, and the lift-type blades 22 stop working to avoid causing greater losses. Under normal working conditions, the lateral supports 321 are extended, and the lift-type blades 22 work normally; it should be understood that the directions of the oblique supports 311 and the lateral supports 321 are only preferred for this embodiment. In other embodiments, the oblique supports 311 and the lateral supports 321 can also be in lateral, arcuate and other directions, which should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the independent claims of this application.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, a wind turbine baffle 34 is provided on the top of the rotating bracket, and a wind speed sensor can be installed on the upper part of the wind turbine baffle 34. The wind speed sensor transmits the captured wind speed and wind direction information to the processor, and the processor transmits the signal to the controller, and the controller adjusts the working state of the lift-type blades 22 and the resistance-type blades 21; the resistance-type blades 21 can rotate around the inner blade shaft 312, and the controller can adjust the windward angle of the lift-type blades 22 and the blade rotation angle of the resistance-type blades 21 to maximize their windward area and improve the utilization rate of wind energy. Solar photovoltaic panels can also be laid on the upper side of the wind turbine baffle 34 for comprehensive utilization of wind and light.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 5 The figure shows a working front view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. During normal operation, a certain gap must be left between the inner rotating bracket 31 and the outer rotating bracket 32 ​​so that air can flow smoothly when the lift-type blades 22 and the drag-type blades 21 rotate at high speed around the rotor system 1.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 6The figure shows a working top view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. The angle between the lift-type blade 22 and the lateral support 321 can be adjusted by a control system; the cross-section of the lift-type blade 22 is a wing-like shape, and the inner and outer side surfaces of the lift-type blade 22 are streamlined surfaces as a whole, extending from the leading edge of the wing-like shape to the trailing edge; it should be understood that the shape of the lift-type blade 22 is not limited to a symmetrical airfoil, and a more efficient airfoil can be selected according to the characteristics of the wind field.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 7 The figure shows a shutdown top view of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. When encountering extreme working conditions, the lateral support 321 is retracted to align with the annular support 313 of the inner rotating bracket 31, the lift-type blade 22 is tangent to the annular support 313 of the inner rotating bracket 31, and the inner blade 21 rotates around the inner blade rotation shaft 312, and the angle of the inner blade 21 is adjusted to be tangent to the annular support 313; Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the shutdown structure of a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission. At this time, the wind turbine is closed to form a whole, completing the shutdown under extreme working conditions and protecting the safety of the overall structure of the wind turbine.

[0043] In this solution, the wind turbine is automatically shut down under extreme working conditions through the control system. After the lift blades 22 and the resistance blades 21 are tangent to the annular support 313, the windward angle of the wind turbine is reduced to the minimum or even zero, which greatly reduces the impact of wind pressure on the wind turbine structure and effectively avoids damage to key components such as blades and rotors due to strong winds or storms. After the lift blades 22 and the resistance blades 21 are retracted, they form a closed structure with the annular support 313, which can evenly distribute the external wind load to the blade system 2 and the support system, reduce single-point force, reduce local stress of wind turbine components, and prevent response. The closed structure composed of the lift blades 22, the resistance blades 21 and the annular support 313 eliminates the unbalanced torque under the action of strong winds, avoids the vibration and swaying of the support system, and ensures that the wind turbine remains stable in extreme environments without overturning or collapsing; and blocks the overload input of the transmission system 4 by strong winds, prevents key components such as gears and bearings from being damaged due to overload, extends the life of the transmission system 4, and reduces the frequency of maintenance; the design of the closed structure is not only suitable for working conditions such as strong winds or typhoons, but also can protect key components inside the wind turbine in special environments such as sandstorms, ice and snow.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, a photovoltaic panel can be arranged on the top of the wind turbine baffle 34, and the wiring of the photovoltaic panel extends from the inside of the rotating shaft to the energy storage battery of the base support 33; preferably, the power generation shaft 35 of the vertical axis wind turbine is hollow, and the wiring of the rotor system 1 and the photovoltaic panel share the hollow part of the power generation shaft 35 for wiring.

[0045] In addition, under the inventive spirit of the present invention, the specific embodiment of the reverse high-efficiency lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission of the present invention can also add new variants on the basis of the above embodiments, for example: the lift-type blade 22 may not be provided with a fixing device 322, but is directly connected to the lateral support 321 by bolts. The other components and the connection methods between the components are the same as the embodiments described above in the present invention, and will not be repeated here due to space reasons. However, it should be understood that these components and the connection methods between the components can be introduced into the variant as equivalent embodiments. Example

[0046] This embodiment provides a control method for a reverse high-efficiency lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission of Embodiment 1, in which information such as wind speed and wind direction change is captured by a wind speed sensor on top of the wind turbine baffle 34, and the captured signal is transmitted to a processor. The processor further processes the signal and inputs it into a controller, and the controller changes the rotation angle of the resistance-type blade 21 so that its windward area is always kept at the maximum, thereby ensuring that the power generation efficiency is maintained at the maximum value; the controller simultaneously changes the angle of attack of the lift-type blade 22 so that it obtains the maximum force and the fastest rotation speed.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, when the wind speed sensor captures the signal of extreme turbulent wind, it transmits the signal to the processor. The processor further processes the signal of extreme turbulent wind and inputs it into the controller. The controller then changes the rotation angle of the lift-type blade 22 so that it is tangent to the edge of the annular support 313, the lateral support 321 shrinks to be flush with the edge of the annular support 313, the resistance-type blade 21 rotates around the inner blade shaft 312 to be tangent to the annular support 313, the wind turbine is completely closed, and the resistance-type blade 21 is closed to a zero windward angle, thereby protecting the overall safety of the structure.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the control method comprises the following steps: S1. Data collection and processing: The wind speed sensor captures the current wind speed and wind direction information in real time and transmits the data to the processor; the processor analyzes the wind speed signal in combination with the pre-input climate model to determine the optimal windward angle of the blades.

[0049] S2. Blade adjustment in normal operation: The processor calculates the appropriate windward angle according to the wind speed and wind direction, and adjusts the angles of the lift blades 22 and the resistance blades 21 through the controller, so that the lift blades 22 operate at the maximum angle of attack, thereby improving the rotation speed and power generation efficiency; the resistance blades 21 rotate around the inner blade shaft 312 to maximize the windward area, thereby ensuring self-starting performance and providing stable power output.

[0050] S3. Blade closure under extreme conditions: When the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed exceeds the cut-off wind speed of the wind turbine or extreme turbulence occurs, the processor issues an instruction and the control system adjusts the status of the lift-type blades 22 and the resistance-type blades 21 to protect the structural safety of the wind turbine; the lift-type blades 22 shrink along the lateral support 321 and gradually approach the annular support 313 until they are tangent to the annular support 313 to form a closed structure; the resistance-type blades 21 rotate around the inner blade shaft 312 and are tangent to the edge of the annular support 313; the lateral support 321 is completely retracted, the wind turbine structure is in a closed state, the windward area is reduced to a minimum, and structural damage is effectively avoided.

[0051] S4. Resume operation: After the extreme working condition is relieved, the controller readjusts the lift-type blades 22 and the resistance-type blades 21 to normal operating angles according to the wind speed signal, thereby restoring the power generation function of the wind turbine.

[0052] In this specification, the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments described later, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the previous embodiments.

[0053] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, comprising a rotor system, a blade system, a support system and a transmission system, characterized in that: The support system includes a rotating support and a basic support; The rotor system includes a composite rotor shaft, the composite rotor shaft including an outer rotor shaft and an inner rotor shaft; The blade system is connected to the rotor system through the rotating bracket, and the blade system includes a lift-type blade and a drag-type blade, the lift-type blade and the drag-type blade are vertically arranged, and the lift-type blade is arranged outside the drag-type blade; The lift-type blades are connected to the outer rotor shaft through the rotating bracket, and the drag-type blades are connected to the inner rotor shaft through the rotating bracket; The transmission system is arranged between the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, and comprises a transverse driving gear, a longitudinal driven double-tooth gear and a transverse driven gear. The transverse driving gear is colinear with the rotation axis of the transverse driven gear; the transverse driven gear is connected to the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, one end of the longitudinal driven double-tooth gear is meshed with the transverse driving gear up and down, and the other end is meshed with the transverse driven gear, and the transverse driven gear is used for generating electricity.

2. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating support further comprises a transverse support, the lift-type blades are connected to the outer rotor shaft via the transverse support, and the transverse support is retractable in the length direction thereof.

3. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bracket also includes a lateral support and a fixing device; one end of the lateral support is connected to the outer rotor shaft, and the other end is connected to the fixing device; the lift-type blade is detachably connected to the fixing device.

4. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating bracket also includes at least two annular supports, an inner blade shaft and an oblique support; the annular support is connected to the inner rotor shaft through the oblique support, and multiple annular supports are arranged in parallel, and the inner blade shaft is connected between the annular supports; the central axis of the resistance type blade is fixed to the inner blade shaft, and the inner blade rotates around the inner blade shaft to adjust the opening and closing angle of the inner blade.

5. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lift-type blades are arranged vertically and evenly around the outer rotor shaft; the cross-section of the lift-type blades is a wing-like shape, the angle of the lift-type blades is a fixed angle, and gaps are left between the lift-type blades; the inner and outer side surfaces of the lift-type blades are streamlined surfaces as a whole, extending from the leading edge of the wing-like shape to the trailing edge.

6. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that: The drag type blades are vertically and evenly arranged around the inner rotor shaft, the drag type blades are arranged in the gap positions of the lift type blades, and the height of the drag type blades is lower than the height of the lift type blades; the cross section of the drag type blades is spindle-shaped, and the inner and outer side surfaces of the drag type blades extend along the spindle shape.

7. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse driving gear, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear and the transverse driven gear are bevel gears; the transverse driving gear includes an upper driving gear located at the upper part of the transmission system and a lower driving gear located at the lower part of the transmission system, the upper driving gear is fixedly connected to one of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft, and the lower driving gear is fixedly connected to the other of the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft; the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear is arranged in the middle part of the transmission system, one end of the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear is meshed with the upper driving gear and the lower driving gear up and down, and the other end is meshed with the transverse driven gear, and the transverse driven gear is connected with a power generation shaft.

8. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission system further comprises a one-way bearing, through which the transverse driving gear is connected to the outer rotor shaft and / or the inner rotor shaft, and the outer rotor shaft and the inner rotor shaft rotate in opposite directions.

9. The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control system, which is electrically connected to the support system. The control system includes a memory, a processor and a plurality of wind speed sensors; the wind speed sensor transmits the captured wind speed and wind direction information to the processor, and the processor controls the support system according to the received signal, thereby adjusting the position of the blade system.

10. A control method for a reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission, characterized in that: The reverse lift-drag combined vertical axis wind turbine based on differential transmission as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following specific steps: S1. Input local climate information into the memory, the processor determines the opening and closing angle of the blade system according to the input information, the wind speed sensor captures wind speed and wind direction data in real time, and the processor issues instructions for opening, closing or adjusting the angle of the blade system according to the captured wind speed signal; S2. Under normal turbulent wind, the lift blades rotate unidirectionally around the outer rotor shaft, and the resistance blades rotate in the opposite direction around the inner rotor shaft. The inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft drive the transverse driving gear to rotate, and the transverse driving gear drives the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear to rotate, thereby driving the transverse driven gear to rotate, so that the power generation shaft rotates to realize wind power generation; S31, when the rotation speeds of the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft are the same, the longitudinal driven double-toothed gear rotates with its own central axis as the center; S32, when the speeds of the inner rotor shaft and the outer rotor shaft are different, the longitudinal double-toothed driven rotor will rotate around the transverse driving gear with a lower speed or perform orbital motion; S4. When the wind speed detected by the wind speed sensor exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the processor controls the resistance type blades to automatically close, and the resistance type blades stop running.

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