A maintenance management method for a roadway support device in an underground mine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a maintenance management method for a roadway support device in an underground mine, which relates to the field related to mine engineering technology. The method includes: obtaining the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and the structural information of the mine roadway support device, analyzing the structure to determine the support effectiveness (range, force distribution), determining the support distribution information based on the surrounding rock requirements and the structural distribution, based on this, fusing relevant data to evaluate the proportion of support requirements and configure maintenance weights, collecting device monitoring data (surface, force, displacement) through monitoring equipment, conducting a stability evaluation based on the weights and data, and determining the maintenance requirements and positioning according to the evaluation results. It solves the technical problem that the existing technology only focuses on the integrity of the support device during maintenance, lacks targeted monitoring of the distribution of support requirements, and there is insufficient support, and achieves the technical effects of ensuring the safety and stability of the roadway, improving the production efficiency of the mine, and reducing costs and accident risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mine engineering, and particularly to a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device. Background Art

[0002] In underground mine exploitation, the stability of the roadway support device is crucial for the safety and efficiency of the entire mine production. However, there are many drawbacks in the current maintenance management of the roadway support device. Firstly, the determination of the support requirements for the roadway surrounding rock is not accurate enough. Either the support strength is insufficient, leading to safety accidents, or excessive support causes resource waste. Secondly, the effectiveness evaluation of each component structure of the support device is not comprehensive enough, and its performance advantages cannot be fully exploited. Thirdly, the support distribution plan lacks a scientific basis and it is difficult to achieve an ideal support effect. Fourthly, the maintenance management work is blind and disorderly, lacking targeted strategies based on accurate monitoring data and scientific analysis, resulting in low maintenance efficiency, rising costs, and even affecting the normal production operation of the mine. In view of this, it is urgent to develop a more scientific, accurate, and efficient maintenance management method for underground mine roadway support devices.

[0003] In the current related technologies at the present stage, the maintenance only focuses on the integrity of the support device, lacking targeted monitoring of the distribution of support requirements, and there is a technical problem of the risk of insufficient support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device. By obtaining the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and the structural information of the mine roadway support device, analyzing the structure to determine the support effectiveness (scope, force distribution), determining the support distribution information based on the surrounding rock requirements and structural distribution, fusing relevant data based on this to evaluate the proportion of support requirements and configure maintenance weights, collecting device monitoring data (surface, force, displacement) through monitoring equipment, conducting a stability evaluation based on the weights and data, and determining the maintenance requirements and positioning according to the evaluation results, the technical effects of ensuring the safety and stability of the roadway, improving the mine production efficiency, and reducing costs and accident risks are achieved.

[0005] This application provides a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device, including:

[0006] Obtain the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock, and collect the structural information of the underground mine roadway support device; perform structural analysis based on the structural information to determine the support effectiveness of each component structure, including the support range and force distribution; based on the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock, determine the support distribution information based on the distribution relationship of the structural information; perform matching and fusion based on the support distribution information, the support range, and the force distribution, evaluate the proportion of the support requirements for each support range, and configure the maintenance weight values for each component structure according to the proportion of the support requirements; collect the device monitoring data of the underground mine roadway support device through monitoring equipment, where the device monitoring data includes surface monitoring data, structural force data, and structural displacement data; evaluate the device stability based on the maintenance weight values according to the device monitoring data; determine the maintenance requirements based on the device stability evaluation results, and perform maintenance positioning based on the device monitoring data.

[0007] It is intended to propose a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device through this application. First, obtain the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and the structural information of the underground mine roadway support device, analyze the structure to determine the support effectiveness (range, force distribution), determine the support distribution information based on the surrounding rock requirements and the structural distribution, based on this, fuse relevant data to evaluate the proportion of the support requirements and configure the maintenance weight values, collect the device monitoring data (surface, force, displacement) of the device through monitoring equipment, evaluate the stability based on the weight values and the data, determine the maintenance requirements based on the evaluation results and perform positioning, achieving the technical effects of ensuring the safety and stability of the roadway, improving the production efficiency of the mine, and reducing costs and accident risks. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations in the front or below do not necessarily need to be executed precisely in sequence. On the contrary, according to the need, various steps S can be executed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or one or several steps can be removed from these processes.

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Embodiments

[0010] The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of this application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of this application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically gives the detailed embodiments of this application.

[0011] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following will further describe this application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0012] In the following description, "some embodiments" are described, which represent subsets of all possible embodiments. However, it can be understood that "some embodiments" can be the same subsets or different subsets of all possible embodiments and can be combined with each other without conflict. The terms "first / second" only distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order for the objects. The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or server that includes a series of steps S or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps S or units clearly listed, but may include other steps S or modules that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of this application.

[0013] An embodiment of this application provides a maintenance management method for an underground mine roadway support device, as Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0014] Step S100: Obtain the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and collect the structural information of the mine roadway support device. Specifically, conduct an investigation on the geological environment where the roadway is located, including detailed surveys and analyses of aspects such as rock type, geological structure, and stratum distribution. Through means such as geological drilling and core sampling, obtain the physical and mechanical properties of the rock, such as parameters like hardness, strength, and brittleness. Use geological exploration technologies such as ground-penetrating radar and seismic wave detection to understand the internal structure of the roadway surrounding rock and potential geological defects, such as faults, fractures, and weak interlayers. For the stress state of the roadway surrounding rock, use stress measurement instruments, such as stress sensors and borehole stress relief methods, to accurately determine the magnitude and direction of the in-situ stress in the surrounding rock, and analyze the influence of factors such as the purpose of the roadway use, mining depth, and mining method on the support requirements. In terms of collecting the structural information of the mine roadway support device, conduct a comprehensive measurement and record of the installed support device, including the types of support components, such as bolts, cables, and metal supports. Detail the parameters such as the length, diameter, spacing, and pre-tightening force of bolts and cables. For metal supports, record information such as their material, model, size, and connection method. Examine the layout method of the support structure, such as whether it is symmetrically distributed and whether it is perpendicular to the roadway alignment. Pay attention to the contact situation between the support structure and the surrounding rock, whether it is closely fitted and whether there are voids, etc., to provide a solid data basis and reliable basis for the subsequent maintenance and management work of the support device.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, when obtaining the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and collecting the structural information of the mine roadway support device, step S100 further includes step S110: Based on the geological conditions and rock strength of the roadway surrounding rock, perform simulation calculations through a simulation model to determine the stress intensity and stress distribution. Specifically, conduct research on the geological conditions of the roadway surrounding rock, comprehensively master detailed situations such as rock type, rock stratum structure, and geological structure, accurately measure relevant physical and mechanical parameters such as rock strength, and use the data to construct a refined simulation model. In the simulation model, input information such as geological conditions and rock strength, and through complex calculations and analyses, determine the stress intensity and stress distribution conditions of the roadway surrounding rock.

[0016] Step S120: Based on the stress intensity and stress distribution, simulate the stability and deformation amount under different support schemes, and screen out the support schemes whose stability and deformation amount meet the requirements. Specifically, based on the obtained stress intensity and stress distribution results, construct multiple different support schemes. In each support scheme, detail the type, parameters, layout method, etc. of the support structure. Use the simulation model to simulate different support schemes respectively, calculate the stability and deformation amount of the roadway under each scheme, and through comparison and analysis of these simulation results, screen out the support schemes whose stability and deformation amount can meet the preset requirements. For the support schemes that meet the requirements after screening.

[0017] Step S130: Disassemble the support scheme in terms of stress intensity and stress distribution characteristics to obtain the support requirements. Specifically, for the selected support schemes that meet the requirements, conduct in-depth disassembly of stress intensity and stress distribution characteristics, analyze how stress is transmitted and distributed in the surrounding rock and the support structure under the action of this support scheme, as well as the change in strength. Through meticulous disassembly and analysis, clarify the specific support conditions and parameters required for the roadway surrounding rock to achieve the expected stability and deformation control effects, so as to finally obtain accurate and detailed support requirements. From the initial geological condition analysis to simulation calculation, then to the screening of support schemes and the determination of the final support requirements, ensure that the obtained support requirements are scientific and reasonable, and can provide a reliable basis for the subsequent maintenance management of the roadway support device.

[0018] Step S200: Conduct a structural analysis based on the structural information to determine the support effectiveness of each component structure, including the support scope and force distribution. Specifically, after obtaining the structural information of the mine roadway support device, classify and organize the information in detail. The structural information includes detailed parameters such as the geometric dimensions, material properties, connection methods, and installation positions of various support components. Use professional structural analysis methods and tools, such as finite element analysis software or mechanical calculation models, to conduct in-depth analysis of the structural information. Taking cable bolt support as an example, factors such as the length, diameter, pre-tightening force of the cable bolt, and its layout angle and position in the roadway will be considered. During the analysis process, by establishing mathematical models and mechanical equations, simulate the response of the support structure under the action of the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway. For the determination of the support scope, comprehensively consider the effective action area of the support components and their mutual influence and collaborative effect. For example, the support scope of the bolt not only depends on its own length and installation density, but also on the spacing between adjacent bolts and the cooperation with other support components (such as cable bolts, wire meshes, etc.).

[0019] In a possible implementation, when conducting a structural analysis based on the structural information to determine the support effectiveness of each component structure, including the support scope and force distribution, step S200 further includes step S210: Extract structural features from the structural information, including the length, diameter, pre-tightening force of the cable bolt, and the thickness and strength of the support. Specifically, extract key structural features from the obtained structural information. For the cable bolt, accurately measure and record parameters such as its length, diameter, and pre-tightening force; for the support part, accurately determine its thickness and strength. These structural feature data are the basis for subsequent analysis.

[0020] Step S220: Adopt finite element analysis according to the structural features to conduct structural stress and deformation analysis. Specifically, based on the extracted structural features, use the finite element analysis method to divide the entire support structure into numerous tiny elements, assign corresponding material properties and boundary conditions to each element, simulate various loads exerted by the roadway surrounding rock on the support structure, use finite element analysis software for calculation and solution, iteratively calculate the stress and deformation conditions of each element, continuously adjust and optimize the results to ensure their accuracy and convergence. Through multiple iterations, finally obtain a stable and reliable result, including detailed information such as the stress, strain, and displacement of each element. Post-process and analyze the calculated results, display the stress distribution nephogram and deformation displacement nephogram of the support structure in a visual way, intuitively present which parts of the structure are under greater stress and which parts are more severely deformed, extract the data of key nodes and parts for detailed analysis to deeply understand the stress and deformation characteristics of the support structure, and provide important basis and guidance for subsequent design optimization and maintenance management.

[0021] Step S230: Determine the stress distribution and support range of each component structure according to the results of structural stress and deformation analysis to obtain the support effectiveness. Specifically, after obtaining the results of structural stress and deformation analysis, deeply interpret and analyze the data. By checking the stress values and deformation amounts of each element, the stress distribution status of each component part in the support structure can be determined. For example, it can be clarified which parts bear greater tensile force and which parts are mainly under compressive stress. According to the distribution of deformation amounts, combined with the structural features and stress conditions, the range where the support structure can effectively play its role, that is, the support range, can be defined. Combining the information of stress distribution and support range, the support effectiveness of each component structure is obtained. The support effectiveness reflects the ability of the support structure to resist the pressure of the surrounding rock and maintain the stability of the roadway.

[0022] Step S300: Based on the distribution relationship of the structural information, determine the support distribution information according to the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock. Specifically, analyze the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock, including detailed study of the data related to support requirements such as stress intensity and stress distribution determined through steps S such as simulation calculation, plan screening, and disassembly before. Clearly define the magnitude and direction of the stress that the roadway surrounding rock needs to bear at different positions and regions, as well as the support intensity and type required to reach a stable state. Obtain and organize the distribution relationship of the structural information of the support device, covering detailed information such as the installation position, spacing, and arrangement pattern of support components (such as bolts, cable bolts, etc.), and the coverage range and thickness distribution of support materials (such as concrete layers, wire meshes, etc.). Compare and analyze the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock and the distribution relationship of the structural information of the support device comprehensively. Considering the stress differences of the surrounding rock in different regions and the support effectiveness that the existing support structure can provide at each position. For example, for areas with relatively high stress, check whether the current support structure distribution is dense and strong enough; for areas with relatively low stress, evaluate whether there is an over - configuration of the existing support. Through analysis, based on the specific support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock at different positions and combined with the actual distribution of the current support structure information, optimize and adjust the distribution of the support device. Determine which positions need to increase the number of support components or enhance their performance, and which positions can be appropriately reduced or maintained as they are, to form clear support distribution information. The information will describe in detail how the support device should be reasonably distributed throughout the roadway, including the specific layout positions, quantities, and parameters of different types of support components, to ensure that the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock can be effectively met and the stability and safety of the roadway can be achieved.

[0023] In a possible implementation, based on the distribution relationship of the structural information, determine the support distribution information according to the support requirements of the roadway surrounding rock. Step S300 further includes step S310: Determine the stress intensity and stress distribution according to the support requirements. Specifically, conduct in - depth analysis based on the clearly defined support requirements, review the previous calculation, simulation, and analysis results to accurately determine the specific situation of stress intensity and stress distribution. For example, through complex mechanical models and numerical calculations, clarify the magnitude value of the stress borne by the surrounding rock at different positions in the roadway, as well as the acting direction and change trend of the stress.

[0024] Step S320: Based on the structural information, obtain the installation space distribution. Specifically, according to the obtained structural information of the support device, obtain the distribution of its installation space, including measurement of the actual size and shape of the roadway, and detailed records of the space occupied by the already installed support components. At the same time, consider the influence of possible obstacles, equipment, etc. in the roadway on the installation space.

[0025] Step S330: Based on the stress intensity and stress distribution, perform spatial requirement allocation for the installation space distribution to determine the support distribution information, which is used to characterize the distribution demand of support requirements within the spatial range. Specifically, comprehensively consider the determined stress intensity and stress distribution situation and the obtained installation space distribution. For areas with relatively high stress intensity, allocate more installation space to enhance support; for areas with relatively low stress, correspondingly reduce the space allocation or maintain the existing support configuration, fully considering the performance characteristics and installation requirements of the support device to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of the space allocation. For example, if the stress intensity in a certain area is extremely high, it may be necessary to increase more high-strength bolts or densify the arrangement of support components in this area, which requires allocating a larger installation space to meet the support requirements. Finally, through spatial requirement allocation, detailed support distribution information is determined, which clearly shows the specific support requirements at different positions within the entire roadway space range. For example, in a specific area at the top of the roadway, a specific number and specification of cable bolts need to be installed to meet the support requirements; at a certain position on the sidewall of the roadway, a certain density of bolts needs to be arranged, etc.

[0026] Step S400: Based on the support distribution information, the support range, and the force distribution, perform matching and fusion, evaluate the proportion of the support requirements for each support range, and configure the maintenance weights of each component structure according to the proportion of the support requirements. Specifically, obtain and organize the relevant data such as the previously determined support distribution information, support range, and force distribution. The data contains detailed information on various key aspects of roadway support. To match and fuse the data of the support distribution information, support range, and force distribution, a unified data processing framework needs to be established to correlate and integrate the data from different aspects. For example, correspond the support distribution situation in a specific area with the range that the support in this area can cover and the magnitude and direction of the actual force. After completing the data fusion, evaluate the support requirements for each support range. By comparing the actual force in this range with the force that the ideal support can withstand, calculate the proportion of the support requirements for this range, which involves complex mechanical calculations and analyses to determine the proportion of each support range in the overall support requirements. For example, if a certain support range bears a large force, but the effectiveness that the existing support can provide is relatively low, then the proportion of its support requirements will be high. According to the calculated proportion of the support requirements, configure the corresponding maintenance weights for each component structure. The maintenance weight reflects the importance and priority of each component structure in the maintenance work. The higher the proportion of the support requirements in a region, the higher the maintenance weight of the corresponding component structure, which means that more attention and resource investment are required in the maintenance work. When configuring the maintenance weights, consider factors such as the importance of the structure, vulnerability, and difficulty of maintenance. For key and easily damaged support structures, even if their current proportion of support requirements is not the highest, they may be given relatively high maintenance weights. Through the processes of matching and fusion, evaluation, and weight configuration, ensure the rational allocation of resources, improve the reliability and service life of the support device, and ensure the safety and stability of the roadway.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, based on the support distribution information, the support range, and the force distribution, perform matching and fusion, evaluate the proportion of the support requirements for each support range, and configure the maintenance weights of each component structure according to the proportion of the support requirements. Step S400 further includes step S410: Using the support range and the force distribution, draw the force distribution diagram of the mine roadway support device to represent the bearing force of each interval. Specifically, process and analyze according to the previously determined support range and force distribution data. For the support range, clarify the specific boundaries and range divisions of each different area. For the force distribution, record in detail the magnitude, direction, and type (such as tensile force, compressive force, shear force, etc.) of the force borne by each area.

[0028] Step S420: Using the support distribution information, draw the demand stress distribution map of the support requirements. Specifically, using the organized data, draw the force distribution map of the mine roadway support device through professional drawing software or tools. In the map, different colors, lines or shadows are used to represent different force magnitudes and directions, clearly showing the bearing capacity of each interval.

[0029] Step S430: Establish the mapping relationship between the force distribution map and the demand stress distribution map, and determine the bearing capacity-demand stress relationship. Specifically, based on the obtained support distribution information, also use drawing techniques to draw the demand stress distribution map of the support requirements. In the map, the demand degree of support stress at different positions is accurately marked.

[0030] Step S440: According to the bearing capacity-demand stress relationship, obtain the proportion of the support requirements, and locate the support range based on the force distribution map. Specifically, establish the mapping relationship between the force distribution map and the demand stress distribution map, compare and correlate the two maps, find the corresponding data of the same position or area in the two maps, and determine the quantitative relationship between the bearing capacity and the demand stress. For example, for a specific area, compare its actual bearing capacity in the force distribution map and the demand stress in the demand stress distribution map, calculate the difference or proportional relationship between the two. According to the determined bearing capacity-demand stress relationship, further calculate and analyze to obtain the proportion of the support requirements for each support range. The demand proportion reflects the importance of the support requirements in this area relative to the overall requirements. Based on the force distribution map, the support range can be accurately located. By checking the areas with larger or more concentrated forces in the force distribution map, the specific positions and ranges that need to be key supported can be clarified, providing strong support and basis for subsequent maintenance, optimization and decision-making.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, according to the bearing capacity-demand stress relationship, obtain the proportion of the support requirements, and locate the support range based on the force distribution map. Step S440 further includes step S441: Extract the force value and the demand stress value according to the bearing capacity-demand stress relationship. Specifically, based on the established bearing capacity-demand stress relationship, accurately extract the force value and the demand stress value corresponding to each specific area or position from the relevant data set or chart. When extracting the force value, carefully analyze the data representation method and unit in the force distribution map, and accurately read the force value at the specified position. The value reflects the magnitude of the force actually borne by this area from aspects such as the surrounding rock of the roadway. For the extraction of the demand stress value, also according to the markings and scales in the demand stress distribution map, find the corresponding position and obtain the represented demand stress value. The value reflects the stress level required in the ideal state to maintain the stability and safety of this area.

[0032] Step S442: Obtain the support demand ratio using the formula: support demand ratio = force value ÷ required stress value. Specifically, substitute the extracted force value and required stress value into the formula "support demand ratio = force value ÷ required stress value" for calculation. During the calculation process, strictly follow the mathematical operation rules to ensure the accuracy of the numerical values and the reliability of the calculation results. If the force value is less than the required stress value, it indicates that the support demand in this area has not been fully met, and the support demand ratio is less than 1; conversely, if the force value is greater than the required stress value, it indicates that there may be over-support in this area, and the support demand ratio is greater than 1. Through data extraction and calculation, the accurate support demand ratio for each area can be obtained, providing a key quantitative basis for subsequent support structure optimization, maintenance decision-making, etc.

[0033] Step S500: Collect the device monitoring data of the mine roadway support device through monitoring equipment. The device monitoring data includes surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data. Specifically, various monitoring equipment is arranged in the mine roadway. For the collection of surface monitoring data, high-definition cameras or sensors are installed on the surface of the support device. The equipment can capture or sense the surface condition of the support device in real time, such as whether there are cracks, damages, corrosion, etc. To obtain the structural stress data, stress sensors are installed at key support structure parts. The sensors can accurately measure the magnitude and change of various forces such as tension, pressure, and shear force borne by the support structure, and are carefully installed at positions where the force may be relatively large or the force change is relatively frequent, such as the anchoring end of the bolt, the tensioning end of the cable, the connection of the support, etc. For the collection of structural displacement data, high-precision displacement sensors or laser rangefinders are used. The equipment is installed at the contact part between the support structure and the roadway surrounding rock, key nodes of the support structure, etc., and can monitor the displacement of the support structure relative to the surrounding rock in real time, including horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, and the change of the inclination angle. After the monitoring equipment is installed, it is debugged and calibrated to ensure accurate and stable operation, continuously collect data, and transmit the data to the central data processing system in real time. The central data processing system will conduct preliminary sorting and classification of the received data, remove obvious noise and error data, and store the data in real time for subsequent in-depth analysis and processing. Through the arrangement of monitoring equipment and the data collection system, the surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data of the mine roadway support device are obtained, providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0034] In a possible implementation, device monitoring data of the mine roadway support device is collected by a monitoring device. The device monitoring data includes surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data. Step S500 further includes step S510, where image acquisition of the surface structure of the mine roadway support device is performed by deploying cameras, and surface damage and aging characteristics are identified as the surface monitoring data. Specifically, cameras are deployed at key positions and different angles of the mine roadway support device. The cameras are carefully located to ensure full coverage of the surface of the support device. The cameras will perform image acquisition of the surface structure of the support device at a set frequency and resolution. The acquired image data will be transmitted to an image processing system. Through advanced image recognition technologies and algorithms, the images are analyzed to identify surface damage conditions, such as the length, width, and depth of cracks, and aging characteristics of the surface material, such as color change and peeling. The recognition results are sorted and recorded as surface monitoring data.

[0035] Step S520, stress monitoring data is collected by stress monitoring devices distributed on the mine roadway support device. The structure is located based on the positions where the monitoring devices are deployed, and the corresponding relationship between the located structure and the stress monitoring data is established to obtain the structural stress data. Specifically, for the acquisition of structural stress data, positions are pre-planned on the mine roadway support device, and stress monitoring devices are distributed. The devices can sense the stress changes borne by the support device at different parts. When the stress monitoring devices collect stress data, the specific positions where each monitoring device is deployed and the corresponding support structure are recorded simultaneously. By establishing a detailed correspondence table or database of positions and data, it is ensured that each stress monitoring data can be accurately associated with the corresponding located structure.

[0036] Step S530, separation monitors are installed on the roadway roof and sidewalls to monitor the relative displacement between the surrounding rock and the mine roadway support device to obtain the structural displacement data. Specifically, in terms of obtaining the structural displacement data, high-precision separation monitors are installed on the roof and sidewalls of the roadway. The monitors can sensitively sense the change in the relative position between the surrounding rock and the mine roadway support device. The separation monitors will continuously measure and record the displacement amount. By monitoring and analyzing the displacement amount over a period of time, the trend and amplitude of the relative displacement between the support device and the surrounding rock can be understood, thereby accurately obtaining the structural displacement data. Through the device deployment and data acquisition methods, the surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data of the mine roadway support device are obtained, providing strong support for subsequent analysis and decision-making.

[0037] Step S600: Based on the maintenance weights, evaluate the stability of the device according to the device monitoring data. Specifically, the maintenance weights are a set of values obtained according to relevant standards, experience or specific algorithms, and are used to measure the relative importance of different monitoring data in the stability evaluation. After obtaining the device monitoring data, each item of data is analyzed and processed. For the surface monitoring data, that is, the image data of the surface structure of the mine roadway support device collected by deploying cameras, image recognition technologies and algorithms are used to identify in detail the features such as damage and aging on the surface. These features can be converted into specific quantitative indicators, such as the damaged area, the degree of aging, etc. For the structural stress data collected by stress monitoring equipment, the structure is located based on the position where the monitoring equipment is deployed, and the corresponding relationship is established to determine the stress condition at each position. These stress data may include specific values such as tensile force, pressure, and shear force. For the structural displacement data obtained by the separation monitoring instruments installed on the roof and side walls of the roadway, the relative displacement between the surrounding rock and the mine roadway support device is determined. According to the maintenance weights, comprehensive analysis is carried out on each item of device monitoring data to evaluate the stability of the device. Corresponding weights are assigned to the quantitative indicators of each item of monitoring data, and the magnitude of the weight reflects the importance of the indicator in the overall stability evaluation. For example, a higher weight may be assigned to the severity of surface damage if the surface damage has a greater impact on the device stability; while a lower weight may be assigned to some smaller displacement amounts. Based on the assigned weights, weighted calculations are performed on each quantitative indicator, and a certain threshold or standard range is set, and the calculation result is compared with it to determine the stability status of the device. If the comprehensive index value is within the acceptable range, it indicates that the device is relatively stable; if it exceeds the range, it may indicate that there are stability problems with the device. Further in-depth analysis of the influence of each item of monitoring data and its weight is carried out. If the comprehensive index value is not ideal, it can be checked which specific monitoring data have a greater impact on the result, that is, their corresponding weights are higher but the actual index values are poor, which helps to identify the possible weak links or parts that need to be focused on in the device. According to the results of the stability evaluation, corresponding maintenance, repair or improvement measures are formulated. If the device stability is good, regular monitoring can continue; if stability problems are found, targeted measures need to be taken, such as repairing surface damage, strengthening the support of stressed parts, adjusting displacements, etc., to improve the stability of the device. The device monitoring data is collected and the stability evaluation is carried out again regularly or irregularly to track the changes in the device stability. Over time, due to changes in mine mining conditions or the influence of other factors, the stability of the device may change. Therefore, continuous monitoring and evaluation are required, maintenance measures are adjusted in a timely manner, the maintenance weights are reasonably determined, and the device monitoring data is accurately collected and analyzed to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the stability evaluation. The evaluation process should combine professional knowledge and practical experience to better understand and interpret the evaluation results and take effective measures to ensure the stability and safety of the mine roadway support device.

[0038] Step S700: Determine the maintenance requirements based on the device stability evaluation results and perform maintenance positioning based on the device monitoring data. Specifically, after obtaining the device stability evaluation results, first conduct a detailed interpretation and analysis of the results. If the evaluation results show that the device is in a stable state but there are some potential risk factors or minor abnormal indicators, then preventive maintenance requirements may need to be formulated, such as regular inspections and increased monitoring frequencies. If the evaluation results indicate that the device is in an unstable or nearly unstable state, more specific and urgent maintenance requirements need to be formulated, including replacing damaged components, strengthening the support structure, and repairing surface cracks. After determining the maintenance requirements, next perform maintenance positioning based on the device monitoring data collected previously. For surface monitoring data, if the image shows obvious damage or aging in certain areas, these areas are determined as the key positions that need maintenance. For structural stress data, by analyzing the stress distribution, identify the parts where the stress exceeds the normal range or is uneven, and take them as the key positions for maintenance. For example, if the tension borne by a certain bolt is much greater than the design value, then the bolt and its surrounding area need to be maintained and strengthened. For structural displacement data, analyze the areas with large displacement amounts or unstable displacement trends. These areas indicate that there are problems with the interaction between the support structure and the surrounding rock, and targeted adjustments and repairs are required. When positioning the maintenance positions, comprehensively consider the above three types of monitoring data, and combine with the overall structure and stress characteristics of the device. Use professional analysis software or tools to visualize the monitoring data to more intuitively determine the maintenance positions. After determining the maintenance positions, make a detailed plan for the specific maintenance measures for each position, including the required materials, tools, construction methods, and estimated maintenance time. Arrange maintenance personnel with the corresponding skills and experience and ensure that they understand the accurate information of the maintenance requirements and positioning. During the maintenance process, continuously monitor the state of the device to evaluate the effectiveness of the maintenance measures and make necessary adjustments and improvements according to the actual situation. Through the maintenance positioning process based on the device stability evaluation results and monitoring data, targeted maintenance work can be carried out, improving the stability and safety of the mine roadway support device and ensuring the normal production operation of the mine.

[0039] In a possible implementation, maintenance requirements are determined based on the device stability evaluation results, and maintenance positioning is performed based on the device monitoring data. Step S700 further includes step S710 of obtaining a historical data set of the device monitoring data, sorting the device monitoring data according to time tags, and calculating the time series change amount and change rate. Specifically, a historical data set of the device monitoring data is collected. The data set covers various data obtained from monitoring the mine roadway support device over a period of time, including surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data, etc. According to the time tags attached to the device monitoring data, these data are sorted, and the data is organized in chronological order for subsequent analysis of the change of data over time, and the time series change amount and change rate are calculated. For each monitoring index, by comparing the data values at adjacent time points, the difference between them is calculated as the change amount. The change rate is obtained by dividing the change amount by the time interval, which reflects the speed of data change.

[0040] Step S720, using the time series change amount and change rate as training data, and performing decay learning using a time series model to obtain a decay prediction model. Specifically, the calculated time series change amount and change rate are used as training data, and a suitable time series model is selected, such as an autoregressive moving average model, an autoregressive integrated moving average model, etc. Using these training data to perform decay learning on the time series model. During the learning process, the model will gradually adapt to the change rules and trends of the data, and at the same time consider the influence of time factors on the data, that is, the importance of the data gradually decays over time. After training, a decay prediction model is obtained. The model can predict the possible change situation of the device monitoring data in the future period according to the latest input monitoring data.

[0041] Step S730, using the decay prediction model to perform decay prediction on the device monitoring data, and giving a maintenance reminder according to the decay prediction result. Specifically, using the decay prediction model to perform decay prediction on the newly obtained device monitoring data, comparing the prediction result with a preset threshold or standard. If the prediction result indicates that the state of the device may exceed the normal range at a certain future time point, or the change trend develops in an adverse direction, a maintenance reminder will be triggered. The maintenance reminder can be conveyed to relevant personnel in various ways, such as sending text messages, emails, displaying warning messages in the monitoring system, etc. The reminder content includes possible problems, estimated time, and recommended maintenance measures, etc., to detect possible problems of the device in advance and perform maintenance in time to ensure the stable operation and safety of the mine roadway support device.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application adopt the method of obtaining the support requirements of roadway surrounding rock and the structural information of the mine roadway support device, analyzing the structure to determine the support effectiveness (range, force distribution), determining the support distribution information based on the surrounding rock requirements and structural distribution, fusing relevant data based on this to evaluate the proportion of support requirements and configure maintenance weights, collecting the monitoring data of the device (surface, force, displacement) through the monitoring equipment, conducting a stability evaluation based on the weights and data, and determining the maintenance requirements and positioning according to the evaluation results, achieving the technical effects of ensuring the safety and stability of the roadway, improving the production efficiency of the mine, and reducing costs and accident risks.

[0043] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included within the protection scope of the present application. In some cases, the actions or steps S described in the present application can be executed in a different order from that in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Additionally, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

Claims

1. A maintenance and management method for an underground mine tunnel support device, characterized in that: The maintenance and management method of the underground mine tunnel support device includes: Obtain the support requirements of tunnel surrounding rock and collect structural information of mine tunnel support devices; The obtaining of the support requirements of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: According to the geological conditions and rock strength of the tunnel surrounding rock, the stress intensity and stress distribution are determined through simulation calculations using simulation models; Based on the stress intensity and stress distribution, the stability and deformation under different support schemes are simulated, and the support schemes whose stability and deformation meet the requirements are selected; Decomposing the stress intensity and stress distribution characteristics of the support scheme to obtain the support requirements; Performing structural analysis based on the structural information to determine the support effectiveness of each component structure, including support range and force distribution; According to the support requirements of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and based on the distribution relationship of the structural information, support distribution information is determined, including: Determining the stress intensity and stress distribution according to the support requirements; Based on the structural information, obtaining installation space distribution; Allocating space demand for the installation space distribution according to the stress intensity and stress distribution to determine the support distribution information, where the support distribution information is used to characterize the distribution demand of the support demand within the spatial range; Based on the support distribution information, the support range and the force distribution, matching and fusion are performed to evaluate the support demand proportion of each support range, including: Using the support range and force distribution, a force distribution diagram of the mine tunnel support device is drawn to characterize the bearing capacity of each interval; Using the support distribution information, drawing a demand stress distribution diagram of the support demand; Establishing a mapping relationship between the force distribution diagram and the required stress distribution diagram to determine the bearing capacity-required stress relationship; According to the bearing capacity-required stress relationship, the support demand ratio is obtained, and the support range is located based on the force distribution diagram; According to the support demand ratio, the maintenance weight of each component structure is configured; Collecting device monitoring data of the mine tunnel support device through monitoring equipment, wherein the device monitoring data includes surface monitoring data, structural stress data, and structural displacement data; Based on the maintenance weight, performing device stability evaluation according to the device monitoring data; Maintenance requirements are determined based on the device stability evaluation results, and maintenance positioning is performed based on the device monitoring data.

2. The maintenance and management method of underground mine tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Structural analysis is performed based on the structural information to determine the support effectiveness of each component structure, including: Extracting structural features according to the structural information, including anchor cable length, diameter, preload, support thickness and strength; According to the structural characteristics, finite element analysis is used to perform structural stress and deformation analysis; According to the structural stress and deformation analysis results, the stress distribution and support range of each component structure are determined to obtain the support effectiveness.

3. The maintenance and management method of underground mine tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the bearing capacity-required stress relationship, the support demand ratio is obtained, including: Extracting the stress value and the required stress value according to the bearing capacity-required stress relationship; The support requirement ratio is obtained by using the formula: support requirement ratio = force value ÷ required stress value.

4. The maintenance and management method of underground mine tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting of device monitoring data of the mine tunnel support device by monitoring equipment includes: The surface structure of the mine tunnel support device is imaged by deploying cameras to identify surface damage and aging features as the surface monitoring data; By using stress monitoring equipment distributed on the mine tunnel support device, stress monitoring data is collected, and a corresponding relationship between the positioning structure and the stress monitoring data is established according to the position positioning structure of the monitoring equipment, so as to obtain the structural force data; Delamination monitors are installed on the tunnel roof and side walls to monitor the relative displacement of the surrounding rock and the mine tunnel support device to obtain the structural displacement data.

5. The maintenance and management method of underground mine tunnel support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance and management method of the underground mine tunnel support device also includes: Obtain a historical data set of the device monitoring data, sort the device monitoring data according to time tags, and calculate a time series change amount and a change rate; The time series variation and the variation rate are used as training data, and a time series model is used to perform attenuation learning to obtain an attenuation prediction model; The attenuation prediction model is used to perform attenuation prediction on the device monitoring data, and maintenance reminders are issued according to the attenuation prediction results.

Images