Intelligent planning method and system for short-term mining of open-pit sand and gravel mine

Abstract

The present application relates to the open sandstone mine short-term mining intelligent planning method and system, the method comprises the following steps: obtaining the sandstone mine geological data; making the medium and long term mining planning of the sandstone mine; based on the sandstone mine geological data and the medium and long term mining planning, the ore body entity model is constructed; the ore body unit body model is constructed on the basis of the ore body entity model; the ore body unit body ID is set to each ore body unit body in the ore body unit body model, and the ore body unit body attribute file is obtained; the mining method of the open sandstone mine is determined based on the ore body unit body attribute file; the open sandstone mine short-term planning optimization model is constructed; the optimal mining path of the open sandstone mine is calculated by using the open sandstone mine short-term planning optimization model. Through the present application, the problem that the mining sequence cannot be changed flexibly in the related art due to the lack of short-term intelligent planning, thereby leading to the increase of mining cost and the reduction of efficiency, is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of digital open-pit sand and gravel mines, and in particular to an intelligent planning method and system for the near-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine. Background Art

[0002] The sand and gravel industry is currently undergoing a phase of large-scale and industrialized development. In open-pit mining projects, the rationality of mining planning directly impacts project success and economic returns. Irrational planning can technically impact the mining-stripping relationship, leading to economic losses and wasteful resource utilization. Underground deposits vary in conditions, and different mining sequences and stripping volumes result in varying returns on investment, impacting the overall economic benefits of open-pit sand and gravel mines. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a technically feasible, maximally economical mining plan throughout the entire open-pit sand and gravel mining cycle.

[0003] Currently, the research on open-pit mining planning focuses on medium- and long-term mining planning. However, when formulating medium- and long-term mining plans, it is necessary to predict future market changes, which involves great uncertainty. If the market environment changes significantly, the original plan may need to be significantly adjusted due to the lack of short-term intelligent planning, and the mining sequence cannot be flexibly changed, which in turn leads to problems in increasing mining costs and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an intelligent planning method and system for the near-term mining of open-pit sand and gravel mines, which solves the problem in related technologies that the mining sequence cannot be flexibly changed due to the lack of near-term intelligent planning, thereby leading to increased mining costs and reduced mining efficiency.

[0005] One aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent planning method for the short-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine, which includes: obtaining geological data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; formulating a medium- and long-term mining plan for the open-pit sand and gravel mine; constructing an ore body entity model based on the geological data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and the medium- and long-term mining plan; constructing an ore body unit model based on the ore body entity model; setting an ore body unit ID for each ore body unit in the ore body unit model, and obtaining an ore body unit attribute file; determining the mining method of the open-pit sand and gravel mine based on the ore body unit attribute file; constructing an open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term planning optimization model; and using the open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term planning optimization model to calculate the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and saving it in the ore body unit attribute file.

[0006] The present invention provides an intelligent planning method for the short-term mining of open-pit sand and gravel mines. Based on the medium- and long-term mining sequence, and when the mining sequence has been planned, the mining sequence within a period of time can be changed at any time as needed, thereby reducing mining costs and improving mining efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, obtaining geological data of an open-pit sand and gravel mine includes: obtaining geological drilling data about the open-pit sand and gravel mine; obtaining geological profile data about the open-pit sand and gravel mine; obtaining a boundary map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; obtaining a topographic map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; and obtaining technical and economic indicators of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0008] Before mining an open-pit sand and gravel mine, obtaining various information about the open-pit sand and gravel mine will help to better grasp the specific information of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and provide reliable data for subsequent mining operations.

[0009] Optionally, constructing an ore body entity model based on the open-pit sand and gravel mine geological data and the medium- and long-term mining plan includes: creating a drilling database based on the geological drilling data; and delineating the ore body by combining the drilling database with the geological profile data to obtain the ore body entity model.

[0010] By assigning the engineering information, geological information and ore body information of the open-pit sand and gravel mine to the ore body entity model, the open-pit sand and gravel mine is digitized into the ore body entity model.

[0011] Optionally, constructing an ore body unit model based on the ore body entity model includes: generating a final boundary model using the boundary map; generating a final surface model using the topographic map; and setting the size of the ore body unit according to the ore body entity model, with the final boundary model and the final surface model as constraints, to obtain the ore body unit model.

[0012] To construct a unit model, you need to first construct a cuboid that can just wrap around the ore body unit model. Through the constraints, you can remove the parts outside the ore body unit model so that the remaining unit model will just match the ore body model. Divide the ore body unit model into small units, such as Figure 2 As shown, the ore body model is refined into small units to facilitate mining planning.

[0013] Optionally, setting an ore body unit ID for each ore body unit in the ore body unit model and obtaining an ore body unit attribute file includes: according to the ore body unit model, setting an x-axis and a y-axis with the bottom plane of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and setting a z-axis with the bottom of the open-pit sand and gravel mine toward the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; extracting the centroid of each ore body unit; setting an x-coordinate, a y-coordinate, and a z-coordinate for each centroid, wherein the z-coordinate gradually increases in the direction approaching the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; on the z-axis, dividing the ore body entity model into multiple layers according to the size of the ore body unit; setting a first ore body unit ID in descending order according to the coordinate value of each ore body unit on the z-axis; for the ore body units in the same layer and with the same sum of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the centroid, setting a second ore body unit ID in descending order according to the coordinate on the x-axis; and obtaining the ore body unit attribute file according to the first ore body unit ID and the second ore body unit ID.

[0014] Extract the centroid of the unit body and abstract the centroid as the entire unit body, making the coordinates of the unit body in space simple and clear, and facilitating the recording and extraction of unit body coordinates. Set an ID for each unit body so that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the unit body ID and the unit body. That is, the unit body ID in the ore body unit attribute file can be used to extract the information of any unit body corresponding to the unit body ID.

[0015] Optionally, determining the mining method of the open-pit sand and gravel mine based on the ore body unit attribute file includes: extracting the maximum value of the z coordinate in the unmined ore body unit according to the ore body unit attribute file; in the ore body unit in the same layer as the maximum value, mining the ore body unit in sequence according to the order of the ore body unit ID setting.

[0016] According to the mining method of the above steps, a direction can be specified for mining, making mining orderly and easy to manage.

[0017] Optionally, constructing a short-term planning optimization model for an open-pit sand and gravel mine includes: constructing an objective function with monthly production profit balance as the goal; constructing a constraint condition with mining capacity as the constraint under the mining mode of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; combining the objective function with monthly production profit balance as the goal and the constraint condition with mining capacity as the constraint into the short-term planning optimization model for the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0018] In the process of open-pit sand and gravel mining, on the basis of ensuring that the mining process can achieve maximum profit, the production efficiency and profit of each month are balanced as much as possible, so that the profit difference between each month in the entire mining cycle is small, which can effectively avoid economic losses or operational risks caused by production fluctuations for mining companies.

[0019] Optionally, the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine satisfies the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where, is the monthly production profit, is the total number of ore body units, n is the nth ore body unit, The mining month, For the The ore volume of each ore body unit, is the sand and gravel recovery rate, is the waste rock mixing rate, is the unit cost of quarrying, For the The rock volume of each ore body unit, To strip out unit costs, is the discount rate, For the mining month The judgment factor of whether the nth ore body unit is mined, It is the lower limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity. is the total amount mined in a certain month, The upper limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity, is the amount of sand and gravel mined in month t.

[0022] The formula structure of the short-term planning optimization model for open-pit sand and gravel mines is simple and easy to calculate.

[0023] Optionally, using the open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term planning optimization model to calculate the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and saving it to the ore body unit attribute file includes: solving the open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term planning optimization model to obtain the optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and the optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine includes the mining month; setting the mining month as the attribute of the ore body unit and saving it to the ore body unit attribute file.

[0024] The optimal mining path obtained by solving is actually to calculate the mining month of the unit body, and save the mining month into the unit body attribute file through the unit body ID. When mining, the local mining order can be changed according to the mining month, so as to achieve the purpose of flexibly responding to market changes.

[0025] Another aspect of the present invention provides an intelligent planning system for the near-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine, comprising: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, input device, output device and memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions. The processor is configured to call the program instructions and execute the method steps of the intelligent planning method for the near-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0026] The intelligent planning system for the near-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine of the present invention has a compact structure, stable performance, high integration and simple composition. It can stably execute the intelligent planning method for the near-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine provided by the first aspect of the present invention, further improving the overall applicability and practical application capabilities of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an intelligent planning method for short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The ore body unit model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term mining intelligent planning method according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a method for setting the ID of an ore body unit in an intelligent planning method for recent mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods are not specifically described to avoid obscuring the present invention.

[0031] Throughout this specification, references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combinations and / or subcombinations in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the figures provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and description of the present invention.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for intelligent planning of short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine is provided. It should be noted that, if Figure 1 As shown, the steps of the flowchart representing the method can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in an order different from that shown here.

[0034] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an intelligent planning method for recent mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0035] Step S1, obtaining geological data of an open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0036] The acquisition of geological data of open-pit sand and gravel mines specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0037] Step S101: Acquire geological drilling data about the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0038] In this embodiment, the geological drilling data is obtained by, but not limited to, on-site survey records.

[0039] The instruments used in obtaining geological drilling data about the open-pit sand and gravel mine include but are not limited to drilling rigs. In this embodiment, the drilling rig drives the drilling tool to break the rock at the bottom of the hole, and the drilling tool is lowered into or pulled out of the hole to explore the underground geology and mineral resources. According to the explored situation, it is necessary to record the coordinates of the hole mouth, drilling depth, drilling sampling length and sampling test results. The advantage of this method is that the drilling efficiency is higher when using a drilling rig.

[0040] Step S102: Acquire geological profile data about the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0041] In this embodiment, the geological profile data is obtained by, but not limited to, on-site survey records.

[0042] The instruments used to obtain geological profile data for the open-pit sand and gravel mine include, but are not limited to, a shallow-stratum profiler. In this embodiment, the shallow-stratum profiler transmits sound waves, which are reflected and transmitted with varying intensities when encountering different media (such as water, sediment, and rock). The instrument records the return time and signal strength of these reflected waves, creating a continuous graph, forming a "waterfall-like" profile. This method offers advantages such as ease of operation, low cost, high efficiency, and high detection resolution.

[0043] Step S103: Obtain a boundary map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0044] In this embodiment, a boundary map of an open-pit sand and gravel mine refers to a graphic used to represent the boundaries of the open-pit sand and gravel mine area. The boundary map representation method includes using different dot and line symbols to represent different levels of boundaries. The shape of the boundary line should be accurately drawn according to the actual location. Turning points or intersections should be drawn with dots or solid lines to ensure accurate boundary positioning. In this embodiment, the boundary map includes but is not limited to being obtained in a computer-aided design (CAD) environment. The advantage of this method is that CAD drawing boundaries can be set in CAD. By setting drawing boundaries, the view space can be better managed, drawing efficiency can be improved, and the printing range can be controlled to ensure that only the graphics within the specified range are output.

[0045] Step S104: obtaining a topographic map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0046] In this embodiment, the topographic map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine refers to a map obtained by horizontally projecting the open-pit sand and gravel mine and reducing it to a certain scale on a drawing. This map can depict the ups and downs of the open-pit sand and gravel mine in detail.

[0047] The method of obtaining the topographic map includes but is not limited to obtaining it in a computer-aided design (CAD) environment. In this embodiment, the topographic map is produced using CAD. This method is convenient to operate and highly efficient.

[0048] Step S105: obtaining technical and economic indicators of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0049] In this embodiment, the method of obtaining technical and economic indicators requires integrating market prices, mining capacity of mining companies, geological exploration data and other data. The advantage of this method is that the technical and economic indicator information is accurate.

[0050] Step S2: Formulate a medium- to long-term mining plan for the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0051] In this embodiment, factors such as development scope, market environment, geological conditions, company mining capacity, and road transportation are mainly considered when formulating the medium- and long-term mining plan.

[0052] Step S3: constructing an ore body entity model based on the open-pit sand and gravel mine geological data and the medium- and long-term mining plan.

[0053] The construction of the ore body entity model based on the open-pit sand and gravel mine geological data and the medium- and long-term mining plan includes the following sub-steps:

[0054] Step S301: Create a drilling database based on the geological drilling data.

[0055] In this embodiment, the borehole data includes information such as the borehole coordinates, borehole depth, borehole sampling length, and sampling test results. The borehole data represents the composition of the open-pit sand and gravel mine at various locations, and the corresponding borehole database represents the composition and distribution of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0056] Step S302: Delineate the ore body by combining the drilling database and the geological profile data to obtain the ore body entity model.

[0057] In this embodiment, geological profile data is used to create an orebody outline. Data from the drill hole database is then embedded into the outline to create a physical model of the orebody. This method establishes a one-to-one correspondence between the physical model of the orebody and the open-pit gravel mine, enabling the digitization of the open-pit gravel mine.

[0058] Step S4: constructing an ore body unit model based on the ore body entity model.

[0059] Wherein, constructing the ore body unit model based on the ore body entity model specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0060] Step S401: Generate a final realm model using the realm diagram.

[0061] In this embodiment, the final realm model is obtained by converting the realm drawing of the line file into a surface file in the CAD software. There are many CAD software that can convert line files into surface files, such as AutoCAD, CAXA CAD and Crown CAD, etc.

[0062] Step S402: Generate a final surface model using the topographic map.

[0063] In this embodiment, the coordinate and elevation data in the topographic map are exported, the elevation data is gridded, the surface curved data is established, and the final surface model is generated by importing the data into the numerical simulation software.

[0064] Step S403 : According to the ore body entity model, the final boundary model and the final surface model are used as constraints to set the size of the ore body unit body to obtain the ore body unit body model.

[0065] In this embodiment, the constructed ore body unit model is a large rectangular parallelepiped that just fits within the ore body solid model. Using the final surface model and the final boundary model as constraints, the portion of the unit model outside the unit model is removed, resulting in an ore body unit model that precisely matches the ore body solid model. The ore body unit model is then refined into smaller units based on the unit size.

[0066] Among them, in step S403, the dimensions of the unit body include: height 5m, width 10m and length 20m. In this embodiment, the dimensions of the unit body are set, and the unit body model obtained is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0067] The size of the unit body can also be set to other sizes. The size of the unit body depends on the type, scale and mining method of the ore body. It can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions.

[0068] Step S5: setting an ore body unit ID for each ore body unit in the ore body unit model, and obtaining an ore body unit property file.

[0069] The process of setting an ore body unit ID for each ore body unit in the ore body unit model and obtaining an ore body unit property file specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0070] Step S501: according to the ore body unit model, an x-axis and a y-axis are set with the bottom plane of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and a z-axis is set from the bottom of the open-pit sand and gravel mine to the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0071] In this embodiment, the purpose of describing the position of any unit body in space is achieved by establishing a spatial coordinate system.

[0072] Step S502: extracting the centroid of each ore body unit.

[0073] In this embodiment, the center of mass is short for center of mass, referring to an imaginary point in a material system where mass is considered to be concentrated. The geometric center of a unit cell is considered the center of mass. The center of mass has all the properties of the unit cell, meaning that the center of mass replaces the unit cell's position in spatial coordinates, making it easier to express and record the unit cell's coordinates.

[0074] Step S503: setting an x-coordinate, a y-coordinate, and a z-coordinate for each of the mass centers, wherein the z-coordinate gradually increases in a direction approaching the top of the open-pit gravel mine.

[0075] In this embodiment, the orientation of the ore body entity model in space is indicated by the larger the z coordinate is, the closer it is to the top of the mine. After the orientation is determined, the coordinates of the centroid are set. This method is simple and clear to set the coordinates.

[0076] Step S504: on the z-axis, the ore body entity model is divided into multiple layers according to the unit size of the ore body.

[0077] In this embodiment, the ore body unit model is divided into multiple layers according to the height of the unit in the z-axis direction. Compared with the existing technology, the above method makes the ore body unit model have a clear structure and distinct layers.

[0078] The layering method of the ore body entity model is not unique. According to actual needs, the ore body unit model can also be divided into multiple layers according to the height of the unit body in the x-axis or y-axis direction.

[0079] Step S505 : setting the first ore body unit ID in descending order according to the coordinate value of each ore body unit on the z-axis.

[0080] In this embodiment, the unit body ID is set from the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine corresponding to the ore body unit body model downward layer by layer, ensuring that the layer above each layer has been set. The method has clear logic.

[0081] Step S506: For the ore body units in the same layer and with the same sum of the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the centroid, set the second ore body unit ID in order from the smallest to the largest coordinate on the x-axis, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0082] In this embodiment, within the same layer, the ore body unit ID is as follows: Figure 3 There are many ways to set up the ore body unit, and you can also set it up as shown in the following example. Figure 3 The method shown can be set in the opposite way, or the outer layer can be set toward the center of the inner layer. It can be flexibly selected according to actual conditions.

[0083] Step S507: obtaining the ore body unit attribute file according to the first ore body unit ID and the second ore body unit ID.

[0084] In this embodiment, the unit bodies on the top layer of the open-pit gravel mine are first set, and the IDs of all the unit bodies whose coordinate values ​​on the x-axis are from small to large and the sum of the x-coordinate and y-coordinate of the unit body are equal are set in sequence, and then set down layer by layer. When setting, it is necessary to ensure that there are no unit bodies without IDs set above the unit bodies with set IDs. Finally, the set unit body IDs and their corresponding data are saved in the ore body unit attribute file in order.

[0085] Step S6: determining the mining mode of the open-pit sand and gravel mine based on the ore body unit attribute file.

[0086] The method for determining the mining mode of the open-pit sand mine based on the ore body unit property file comprises the following steps.

[0087] In step S601, the maximum value of the z coordinate in the unmined ore body unit is extracted according to the ore body unit property file.

[0088] In this embodiment, the ore body unit of the layer that has not been mined or completely mined is found first. When the actual mining is performed, the next layer of the open-pit sand mine is mined after the open-pit sand mine of the same layer is completely mined. Compared with the prior art, the method is more rigorous.

[0089] In step S602, the ore body units in the same layer as the maximum value are mined in the order of the ore body unit IDs.

[0090] In this embodiment, the order of mining the open-pit sand mine is pre-set, that is, the open-pit sand mine is mined according to the ID order of the ore body unit property file. The method is more convenient for the management of the mining behavior in the actual mining process.

[0091] In step S7, a short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand mine is constructed.

[0092] The construction of the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand mine comprises the following steps.

[0093] In step S701, a target function with the balance of monthly production profit as the target is constructed.

[0094] In this embodiment, the monthly production profit refers to the balance of the production efficiency and the profit of each month as much as possible on the basis of ensuring that the mining process can maximize the profit, so that the profit difference between the months in the entire mining cycle is small. The economic loss or operational risk of the mining enterprise caused by production fluctuations can be effectively avoided, and then the target function is constructed.

[0095] The target function includes but is not limited to the target function with the balance of monthly production profit as the target. The function can also be constructed with other purposes as the target, for example, the function constructed with the monthly production efficiency as the target, or the target function constructed with the maximum monthly production profit as the target. The function can be selected flexibly according to the actual situation.

[0096] In step S702, a constraint condition with the mining capacity as the constraint is constructed under the mining mode of the open-pit sand mine.

[0097] In this embodiment, mining capacity refers to the amount of ore that a company can mine per unit time. All plans made by the company must take its own mining capacity into consideration. If the plans made exceed its own mining capacity, then all plans will become meaningless.

[0098] Constraints include but are not limited to mining capacity. Constraints may also be other factors that may affect mining.

[0099] Step S703: Combining the objective function with the monthly production profit balance as the goal and the constraint condition with the mining capacity as the constraint into the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

[0100] In this embodiment, the short-term planning optimization model is constructed by taking the mining capacity of the mining enterprise as the limiting condition of the objective function with the monthly production profit balance as the goal, so that the short-term planning optimization model is more in line with reality. Because if there is no constraint of the limiting condition, then the result obtained by solving the objective function with the monthly production profit balance as the goal is only an ideal result and has no practical significance.

[0101] In step S703, the short-term planning optimization model satisfies the following formula:

[0102]

[0103] Where, is the monthly production profit, is the total number of ore body units, n is the nth ore body unit, The mining month, For the The ore volume of each ore body unit, is the sand and gravel recovery rate, is the waste rock mixing rate, is the unit cost of quarrying, For the The rock volume of each ore body unit, To strip out unit costs, is the discount rate, For the mining month The judgment factor of whether the nth ore body unit is mined, It is the lower limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity. is the total amount mined in a certain month, The upper limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity, is the amount of sand and gravel mined in month t.

[0104] Step S8: Calculate the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine using the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and save it in the ore body unit attribute file.

[0105] The method of calculating the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine by using the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and saving the calculated path to the ore body unit attribute file specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0106] Step S801, solving the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine to obtain the optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, wherein the optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine includes the mining month.

[0107] In this embodiment, the optimal mining path data refers to a set of data including but not limited to unit body ID and mining month. Through this set of data, all unit body IDs that need to be mined in a certain month can be obtained. Compared with the mining sequence that has been determined in the existing technology, the local arrangement order can be changed under the restriction of the mining month.

[0108] Step S802: setting the mining month as the attribute of the ore body unit and saving it to the ore body unit attribute file.

[0109] In this embodiment, the newly obtained ore body unit attribute file contains the mining month. In the actual mining process, mining is first performed according to the month, and in the same month, mining is performed according to the ID sequence of the ore body units.

[0110] In step S801 of step S8, solving the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0111] Step S80101: Introduce a multi-stage neighborhood search strategy:

[0112] Multi-stage neighborhood search can enhance the algorithm's global and local search capabilities, thereby better coping with the complexity of the objective function and constraints. This strategy applies different neighborhood search methods at different search stages to balance global search and local fine-grained search.

[0113] The balancing of global search and local fine search specifically includes the following sub-steps:

[0114] Step S8010101, global search.

[0115] In order to avoid falling into local optimum in the early stage of the algorithm, a larger search step size is used. The initial search is performed using the following formula:

[0116]

[0117] in, For the Dung beetle individuals in the The position of the generation time indicates the current solution (unit mining time , number of units ); For the Dung beetle individuals in the The position of the generation; For the global optimal solution found during the entire search process, record the optimal individual position in the entire population; A weight parameter that controls the current individual to approach the local optimal solution; To control the neighborhood search intensity of individual random search, the value is [0.3, 0.5]; rand is a random number used to guide the individual to perform random search, and the value range is [-1, 1].

[0118] Step S8010102, balance search.

[0119] In the middle iteration, the algorithm gradually reduces the step size, increases the frequency of local exploration, and balances the global and local search capabilities to meet the following formula:

[0120]

[0121] in, is the local optimal solution of the dung beetle individual, is the location of its neighbor individuals.

[0122] Step S8010103, local fine search.

[0123] In the later stages of the algorithm, the step size is further reduced, focusing on fine-tuning the local optimal solution to improve the convergence speed and accuracy, satisfying the following formula:

[0124]

[0125] It is a smaller step size parameter in local search, which helps to refine the optimal solution in the later stage of search. The value range is [0.01, 0.1].

[0126] Step S80102: reference the dynamic adjustment strategy.

[0127] Adjust the search step size and mutation operation to balance global and local search capabilities.

[0128] Step size adjustment: In the initial stage, the step size is large to promote global search, and then gradually reduced to enhance the accuracy of local search. The specific adjustment satisfies the following formula:

[0129]

[0130] in, For the The step size during iteration is in the range of [0.5, 1]; is the initial step size, usually set to 1; is a parameter that controls the rate at which the step size decays.

[0131] Dynamic adjustment of mutation operations: To prevent the algorithm from falling into local optimality, individuals can be randomly mutated in certain iterations to perturb the individual's current solution to satisfy the following formula:

[0132]

[0133] in, is the mutation intensity parameter, which controls the amplitude of the mutation operation to reduce the disturbance of the solution and maintain the stability of the local search. As the number of iterations increases, the mutation intensity gradually decreases; Δ is the random disturbance in the current search area, which is used to disturb the current position of the individual.

[0134] Step S80103: introducing the penalty function method.

[0135] Because the mining sequence, mining method, and mining capacity constraints are crucial in the short-term mining planning problem for open-pit gravel mines in this patent, an effective constraint handling mechanism needs to be incorporated into the dung beetle optimization algorithm. When an individual solution fails to meet the constraints of the open-pit gravel mine's mining sequence or mining capacity, a penalty function can be used to reduce its fitness.

[0136] The penalty function satisfies the following formula:

[0137]

[0138] in, is the fitness value including the penalty term; is the original fitness value, that is, the output value of the objective function; is the penalty coefficient, which controls the degree of penalty imposed on the solution that violates the constraint. Usually, the penalty coefficient is large to ensure that the solution that violates the constraint is significantly reduced in the overall fitness evaluation. The value range is [10,100]; It indicates the degree of violation of the constraint conditions. If a mining plan violates the ore body mining constraint conditions, a larger penalty will be imposed on the solution, thereby guiding the individual to gradually correct its solution.

[0139] In another embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent planning system for the short-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine is also provided. The system includes: a processor, an input device, an output device and a memory. The processor, input device, output device and memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program includes program instructions. The processor is configured to call the program instructions and execute the intelligent planning method for the short-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine described in any one of steps S1 to S8 above.

[0140] In this embodiment, each functional component can be integrated into a processing component, or each component can exist physically separately, or two or more components can be integrated into a single component. The above-mentioned integrated components can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functions.

Claims

1. An intelligent planning method for short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine, characterized in that: include: Obtain geological data of open-pit sand and gravel mines, including: Obtaining geological drilling data on the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Obtaining geological profile information about the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Obtaining a boundary map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Obtaining a topographic map of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Obtaining technical and economic indicators of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Formulate a medium- and long-term mining plan for the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Constructing an ore body entity model based on the open-pit sand and gravel mine geological data and the medium- and long-term mining plan, including: creating a drilling database based on the geological drilling data; Delineating the ore body by combining the drilling database with the geological profile data to obtain the ore body entity model; An ore body unit model is constructed based on the ore body entity model, including: generating a final realm model using the realm diagram; generating a final surface model using the topographic map; According to the ore body entity model, the size of the ore body unit body is set with the final boundary model and the final surface model as constraints to obtain the ore body unit body model; An ore body unit ID is set for each ore body unit in the ore body unit model, and an ore body unit property file is obtained, including: According to the ore body unit model, an x-axis and a y-axis are set with the bottom plane of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, and a z-axis is set from the bottom of the open-pit sand and gravel mine to the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; Extracting the centroid of each ore body unit; Setting an x-coordinate, a y-coordinate, and a z-coordinate for each of the mass centers, wherein the z-coordinate gradually increases in a direction approaching the top of the open-pit sand and gravel mine; On the z-axis, dividing the ore body entity model into a plurality of layers according to the unit size of the ore body; According to the coordinate value of each ore body unit on the z-axis, the first ore body unit ID is set in descending order; For the ore body units in the same layer and with the same sum of the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the centroid, the second ore body unit IDs are sequentially set in ascending order of the coordinates on the x-axis; Obtaining the ore body unit attribute file according to the first ore body unit ID and the second ore body unit ID; Determining a mining method for an open-pit sand and gravel mine based on the ore body unit attribute file; Construct a short-term planning optimization model for open-pit sand and gravel mines; The open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term planning optimization model is used to calculate the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and save it in the ore body unit attribute file.

2. The method for intelligent planning of short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of determining the mining mode of the open-pit sand and gravel mine based on the ore body unit attribute file includes: Extracting the maximum value of the z coordinate in the unmined ore body unit according to the ore body unit attribute file; In the ore body unit bodies in the same layer as the maximum value, the ore body unit bodies are mined in sequence according to the sequence in which the ore body unit body IDs are set.

3. The method for intelligent planning of short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The construction of the short-term planning optimization model for open-pit sand and gravel mines includes: Construct an objective function with the goal of balancing monthly production profits; Under the mining mode of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, a constraint condition based on the mining capacity is constructed; The objective function with the monthly production profit balance as the goal and the constraint condition with the mining capacity as the constraint are combined into the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine.

4. The method for intelligent planning of short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine satisfies the following formula: Where, is the monthly production profit, is the total number of ore body units, n is the nth ore body unit, The mining month, For the The ore volume of each ore body unit, is the sand and gravel recovery rate, is the waste rock mixing rate, is the unit cost of quarrying, For the The rock volume of each ore body unit, To strip out unit costs, is the discount rate, For the mining month The judgment factor of whether the nth ore body unit is mined, It is the lower limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity. is the total amount mined in a certain month, The upper limit of monthly sand and gravel mining capacity, is the amount of sand and gravel mined in month t.

5. The method for intelligent planning of short-term mining in an open-pit sand and gravel mine according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method of calculating the optimal mining path of the open-pit sand and gravel mine by using the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine and saving the calculated path to the ore body unit attribute file includes: Solving the short-term planning optimization model of the open-pit sand and gravel mine to obtain optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine, wherein the optimal mining path data of the open-pit sand and gravel mine includes mining months; The mining month is set as the attribute of the ore body unit and saved in the ore body unit attribute file.

6. An open-pit sand and gravel mine short-term mining intelligent planning and control system, characterized in that: include: A processor, an input device, an output device and a memory, wherein the processor, the input device, the output device and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to call the program instructions to execute the intelligent planning method for short-term mining of an open-pit sand and gravel mine as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

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