Capacity configuration method and system of integrated energy system based on carbon transaction

Abstract

The invention provides a capacity configuration method and system of an integrated energy system based on carbon transaction. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a system structure, basic planning data and a carbon transaction mechanism of the integrated energy system; constructing a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon transaction mechanism, wherein the planning model comprises a target function and constraint conditions; and inputting the basic planning data to a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation condition of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, thereby generating a planning scheme of the integrated energy system in the planning period, the planning scheme comprises capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system every year; and in the planning period, adjusting the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system according to the planning scheme, thereby improving the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of each equipment of the integrated energy system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power system planning, and in particular to a capacity configuration method and system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading. Background Art

[0002] Carbon trading is a general term for greenhouse gas emission rights trading. The basic principle of carbon trading is that one party to the contract obtains greenhouse gas emission reduction quotas by paying the other party, and the buyer can use the purchased emission reduction quotas to mitigate the greenhouse effect and achieve its emission reduction goals. Among the six greenhouse gases that are required to reduce emissions, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest, so this transaction is calculated in units of tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e), so it is generally called "carbon trading". Its trading market is called the carbon market (Carbon Market). After the Kyoto Protocol officially came into effect in 2005, the global carbon trading market has experienced explosive growth. In 2007, the carbon trading volume jumped from 1.6 billion tons in 2006 to 2.7 billion tons, an increase of 68.75%. The growth of transaction volume is even faster. In 2007, the global carbon trading market was worth 40 billion euros, an increase of 81.8% from 22 billion euros in 2006. The total value of the global carbon trading market in the first half of 2008 was even the same as the whole of 2007. As of July 15, 2024, the cumulative trading volume of carbon quotas in China's carbon market reached 465 million tons, with a cumulative trading volume of nearly 27 billion yuan.

[0003] An integrated energy system refers to a new integrated energy system that uses advanced physical information technology and innovative management models to integrate multiple energy sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, electricity, and heat energy in a certain area, and realizes coordinated planning, optimized operation, collaborative management, interactive response, and mutual complementation among multiple heterogeneous energy subsystems. While meeting the diversified energy demand within the system, it is necessary to effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and promote sustainable energy development. An integrated energy system specifically refers to an integrated energy production, supply, and marketing system formed by organically coordinating and optimizing the generation, transmission, and distribution (energy network), conversion, storage, and consumption of energy during the planning, construction, and operation process. It is mainly composed of energy supply networks (such as power supply, gas supply, cooling / heat supply, etc.), energy exchange links (such as CCHP units, generator sets, boilers, air conditioners, heat pumps, etc.), energy storage links (electricity storage, gas storage, heat storage, cooling storage, etc.), terminal integrated energy supply and use units (such as microgrids), and a large number of terminal users. Precisely because of the complexity of the structure of the integrated energy system, in the planning and development process of the park's integrated energy system, we need to pay attention not only to the investment cost of wind power, photovoltaic and other equipment, but also to consider how to reasonably allocate carbon trading resources in the market and reduce carbon trading issues. Summary of the invention

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present application provides a capacity configuration method and system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading. According to the overall structure of the integrated energy system, a corresponding long-term planning scheme is generated, the capacity configuration of the integrated energy system is adjusted, and the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system are improved.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, comprising:

[0006] Obtaining the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, wherein the system structure includes various equipment types and busbar structure of the integrated energy system, the basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data, and the carbon trading mechanism is a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism;

[0007] Constructing a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, wherein the planning model includes an objective function and constraint conditions;

[0008] Inputting the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year;

[0009] During the planning cycle, the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system is adjusted according to the planning scheme.

[0010] The embodiment of the present application provides a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading. Through the system structure and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, a corresponding planning model is constructed, so that the planning model can simulate the operation of the integrated energy system within the planning period based on the objective function and constraints, and combined with the basic planning data, and then generate the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system in each year within the planning period, so as to realize the automatic generation of the planning scheme. In the process of simulating the operation of the system and generating the planning scheme, the embodiment of the present application takes into account the real carbon trading behavior of the integrated energy system during operation, so that the generated planning scheme is more reasonable and accurate, and improves the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the step of constructing a planning model for the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism includes:

[0012] Constructing corresponding operation models of various equipment according to the system structure, including a gas boiler equipment model, a cogeneration equipment model, an electric refrigerator equipment model, an absorption refrigerator equipment model and an energy storage model;

[0013] Constructing various carbon emission models of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of the various devices;

[0014] Constructing various constraint conditions of the planning model according to each of the equipment operation models and each of the carbon emission models;

[0015] According to the operation models of each device, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism, an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system are constructed;

[0016] Constructing the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system;

[0017] The planning model is constructed by combining the various constraints and the objective function.

[0018] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a planning model. First, each equipment operation model is constructed through the system structure. At the same time, considering the existence of carbon emissions and carbon trading processes during the operation of the integrated energy system, each carbon emission model is constructed so that the planning model can simulate the normal operation of the integrated energy system. When the integrated energy system is running, it will be affected by many factors. Therefore, corresponding constraints are constructed based on each equipment operation model and each carbon emission model. These constraints ensure that the integrated energy system operates stably, safely and efficiently during the simulated operation process, so that the generated planning scheme is more in line with the actual situation. Finally, the objective function of the planning model is constructed according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system, and the optimization direction of the planning model is determined, so that the final planning scheme can effectively reduce various costs and improve the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system.

[0019] Furthermore, the constraints of the planning model are constructed according to the equipment operation models and the carbon emission models, including:

[0020] According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints;

[0021] The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, corresponding constraints are constructed according to the operation models of various equipment and the carbon emission models, including electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cold power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints, to constrain various aspects of the optimization process of the planning model to ensure the stable and safe operation of the integrated energy system.

[0023] The specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, C CO2 is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the various types of load data include load growth rates of electric load, thermal load, gas load and cooling load during the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting historical load data of the integrated energy system.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, the load growth rates of electric load, heat load, gas load and cooling load within the planning period are obtained through the prediction of historical load data of the integrated energy system. In the process of capacity configuration planning of each device in the integrated energy system, the growth rate of various types of loads in the future is an important influencing factor. The embodiment of the present application predicts each load growth rate through historical load data, so that the generated planning scheme is more reasonable and accurate, and the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various types of equipment in the integrated energy system are improved.

[0028] In a second aspect, accordingly, the present application provides a capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, including an acquisition module, a modeling module, a planning module, and an adjustment module;

[0029] The acquisition module is used to acquire the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system. The system structure includes various equipment types and busbar structure of the integrated energy system. The basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data. The carbon trading mechanism is a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism.

[0030] The modeling module is used to construct a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, wherein the planning model includes an objective function and constraints;

[0031] The planning module is used to input the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year;

[0032] The adjustment module is used to adjust the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system according to the planning scheme within the planning period.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the modeling module includes an operation model building unit, a carbon emission model building unit, a constraint condition building unit, a cost model building unit, an objective function building unit, and a planning model building unit:

[0034] The operation model building unit is used to build corresponding operation models of various equipment according to the system structure, including a gas boiler equipment model, a cogeneration equipment model, an electric refrigerator equipment model, an absorption refrigerator equipment model and an energy storage model;

[0035] The carbon emission model construction unit is used to construct each carbon emission model of the integrated energy system according to each equipment operation model;

[0036] The constraint condition construction unit is used to construct various constraint conditions of the planning model according to each of the equipment operation models and each of the carbon emission models;

[0037] The cost model building unit is used to build an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of each device, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism;

[0038] The objective function construction unit is used to construct the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the comprehensive energy system.

[0039] The planning model building unit is used to combine the various constraints and the objective function to build the planning model.

[0040] Furthermore, the constraint condition construction unit constructs various constraint conditions of the planning model according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models, including:

[0041] According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints;

[0042] The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

[0043] Furthermore, the specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is:

[0044]

[0045] Among them, C CO2 is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the various types of load data include load growth rates of electric load, thermal load, gas load and cooling load during the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting historical load data of the integrated energy system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 : A flow chart of a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of the system structure of an integrated energy system in a capacity configuration method of an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0049] Figure 3 : A flow chart of constructing a planning model in a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0050] Figure 4 : A detailed flow chart of a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0051] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the per-unit value change curve of various loads of a comprehensive energy system on a typical summer day.

[0052] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the per-unit value change curve of various loads of a comprehensive energy system on a typical winter day.

[0053] Figure 7: Schematic diagram of the per unit value change curve of various loads of a comprehensive energy system on a typical day in the transition season.

[0054] Figure 8 : Schematic diagram of the capacity configuration of each device in a comprehensive energy system under preset scenario 1.

[0055] Fig. 9 : Schematic diagram of the capacity configuration of each device in a comprehensive energy system under preset scenario 2.

[0056] Fig.10 : A structural diagram of a capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0057] Fig.11 : A structural diagram of a modeling module in a capacity configuration system of an integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] It should be noted that the step numbers in the text are only for the convenience of explanation of the specific embodiments and do not serve to limit the order in which the steps are executed. In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] like Figure 1 As shown, embodiment 1 provides a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, including steps S1-S4:

[0062] Step S1, obtaining the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, wherein the system structure includes various equipment types and bus structure of the integrated energy system, the basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data, and the carbon trading mechanism is a step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism;

[0063] Step S2: constructing a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, wherein the planning model includes an objective function and constraint conditions;

[0064] Step S3, inputting the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year;

[0065] Step S4: During the planning period, adjust the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system according to the planning scheme.

[0066] The embodiment of the present application provides a capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading. Through the system structure and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, a corresponding planning model is constructed, so that the planning model can simulate the operation of the integrated energy system within the planning period based on the objective function and constraints, and combined with the basic planning data, and then generate the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system in each year within the planning period, so as to realize the automatic generation of the planning scheme. In the process of simulating the operation of the system and generating the planning scheme, the embodiment of the present application takes into account the real carbon trading behavior of the integrated energy system during operation, so that the generated planning scheme is more reasonable and accurate, and improves the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the system structure of the comprehensive energy system is as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the energy conversion process, equipment such as CCHP (Combined Cooling, Heating and Power), ER (Electrical Chiller) and GB (Gas-fired Boiler) work together to achieve efficient conversion and utilization of different types of energy, improving the efficiency and flexibility of overall energy utilization. In particular, the CCHP system further optimizes the energy utilization effect through the collaborative work of gas turbines, waste heat boilers and absorption chillers (AC).

[0068] In a possible implementation, the planning model of the integrated energy system is constructed according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, such as Figure 3 As shown, steps S201-S206 are included:

[0069] Step S201: construct corresponding operation models of various equipment according to the system structure, including a gas boiler equipment model, a cogeneration equipment model, an electric refrigerator equipment model, an absorption refrigerator equipment model and an energy storage model;

[0070] Step S202: constructing various carbon emission models of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of the various devices;

[0071] Step S203: constructing various constraint conditions of the planning model according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models;

[0072] Step S204: constructing an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of the various devices, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism;

[0073] Step S205: constructing the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system;

[0074] Step S206: Construct the planning model by combining the constraints and the objective function.

[0075] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for constructing a planning model. First, each equipment operation model is constructed through the system structure. At the same time, considering the existence of carbon emissions and carbon trading processes during the operation of the integrated energy system, each carbon emission model is constructed so that the planning model can simulate the normal operation of the integrated energy system. When the integrated energy system is running, it will be affected by many factors. Therefore, corresponding constraints are constructed based on each equipment operation model and each carbon emission model. These constraints ensure that the integrated energy system operates stably, safely and efficiently during the simulated operation process, so that the generated planning scheme is more in line with the actual situation. Finally, the objective function of the planning model is constructed according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system, and the optimization direction of the planning model is determined, so that the final planning scheme can effectively reduce various costs and improve the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, in step S201, the corresponding operation models of each device are constructed according to the system structure, specifically:

[0077] 1) Gas boiler (GB) equipment model, its operating principle can be described as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where P h,GB (t) is the thermal power output of the gas boiler, P g,GB (t) is the gas power input to GB during period t; η GB is the energy conversion efficiency of GB; is the upper limit of the power input to GB.

[0080] 2) Combined Heat and Power (CHP) equipment model, its operating principle can be described as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Where P e,CHP (t) is the electric power output of CHP during period t, P g,CHP (t) is the natural gas power input to CHP during period t; η e,CHP , η h,CHP are the energy conversion efficiencies of CHP into electrical energy and thermal energy, respectively; is the upper limit of the power input to CHP; P h,CHP (t) is the thermal power output of CHP during period t; and They are the upper and lower limits of the thermal-to-electricity ratio of CHP respectively.

[0083] 3) Electric Refrigerator (ER) equipment model, its operating principle can be described as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Where P c,ER (t) is the cooling power output by ER at time t; η ER P is the conversion efficiency of the electric refrigerator; e,ER (t) is the electrical power input to ER at time t; is the upper limit of the electric power input to ER.

[0086] 4) Absorption refrigeration machine (AC) equipment model, its operating principle can be described as follows:

[0087]

[0088] Where P c,AC (t) is the cooling power output by AC at time t; η AC P is the conversion efficiency of absorption refrigeration; h,AC (t) is the thermal power input to AC at time t; It is the upper limit of the thermal power of the input AC.

[0089] 5) Since the models of various energy storage are similar, the energy storage models of various energy sources can be uniformly modeled:

[0090]

[0091] Where i∈Ω,Ω={ES,HS,GS} is the set of electricity storage, heat storage and gas storage; P i cha (t), P i dis (t) are the charging and discharging powers of the i-th energy storage device in time period t; and are the maximum power of a single charge and discharge of the i-th energy storage device; are the state parameters of the charging and discharging of the i-th energy storage device in time period t, which are binary variables. That is, when When When , the energy storage device is in the energy discharging state; are the charging and discharging efficiencies of the energy storage device, respectively; and are the upper and lower limits of the capacity of the i-th energy storage device respectively.

[0092] In step S202, since the carbon emissions in the integrated energy system mainly come from the three carbon emission sources of purchased electricity, gas turbines and gas boilers, and considering that the purchased electricity of the upper power grid all comes from thermal power units, the specific carbon emission models are:

[0093] E PIES =E e,buy +E GB +E CHP

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, E PIES 、E e,buy 、E GB 、E CHP are the actual carbon emissions of the park's integrated energy system, purchased electricity, gas boilers, and cogeneration units; P e,buy P is the power purchased by the park comprehensive energy system from the upper power grid during period t; h,GB (t) is the heating power of the gas boiler during period t; P h,CHP (t), P e,CHP (t) are the heating and power supply power of the CHP unit during period t; μ e and μ h are the carbon emission intensity per unit of electricity and per unit of heat respectively; is the conversion coefficient of the CHP unit's power generation to heat; the carbon trading cost in this paper is calculated on a yearly basis, so T is 8760.

[0096] The carbon quota calculation model for the park's comprehensive energy system is as follows:

[0097] E' PIES =E e ' ,buy +E' GB +E' CHP

[0098] Where, E' PIES 、E e ' ,buy , E' GB , E' CHP They are the carbon emission quotas for the park's integrated energy system, purchased electricity, gas boilers, and cogeneration units.

[0099] In summary, the trading carbon emissions of the park's comprehensive energy system after considering carbon quotas are:

[0100] E0=E PIES -E' PIES

[0101] In step S203, the various constraints of the planning model are constructed according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models, including:

[0102] According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints;

[0103] The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

[0104] In a preferred embodiment, the electric power balance constraint condition is specifically:

[0105]

[0106] Since wind power and photovoltaic power have great randomness and volatility, in order to reduce the pressure on the main grid, the present embodiment does not consider the sale of electricity from the park integrated energy system to the upper grid. e,load (t) represents the electric load power during period t; and They represent the discharge and charge power of the energy storage at time t respectively.

[0107] The thermal power balance constraint condition is specifically:

[0108]

[0109] Where P h,load (t) represents the heat load power during period t; and They represent the heat release and charging power of the heat storage at time t respectively.

[0110] The gas power balance constraint condition is specifically:

[0111]

[0112] Where P g,load (t) represents the gas load power during period t; and They represent the deflation and inflation power of the gas storage at time t respectively.

[0113] The cooling power balance constraint condition is specifically:

[0114] P c,ER (t)+P c,AC (t) = P c,load (t)

[0115] Where P c,load (t) represents the cooling load power during period t.

[0116] The new energy output constraint conditions are specifically:

[0117]

[0118] Where P w,t , P pv,t They represent the power output of wind power and photovoltaic power in period t respectively; Respectively represent the upper limits of wind power and photovoltaic output power, Indicates the upper limit of wind power and photovoltaic capacity.

[0119] Considering that the energy storage equipment needs to return to the initial state of the dispatch after running one dispatch cycle, the following constraint conditions are further established on the basis of the original constraints:

[0120] S i (t0) = S i (t T )

[0121] In the formula, S i (t) is the capacity of the i-th energy storage device in period t.

[0122] The constraint condition for carbon emissions to reach their peak can be expressed as:

[0123] E 0,x ≥E0

[0124] In the formula, x means that carbon emissions reach their peak in the xth year of the plan.

[0125] After carbon emissions reach their peak, in order to ensure that carbon emissions fall back in an orderly and steady manner, it is set that in each year after carbon emissions reach their peak, the traded carbon emissions must decrease year by year at a fixed rate of v%. Therefore, the carbon emission constraints are specifically as follows:

[0126] E 0,y+1 ≤(1-v%)·E 0,y ,y≥x

[0127] In step S204, the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system are constructed according to the operation models of each device, each carbon emission model and the carbon trading mechanism, specifically:

[0128] The investment cost model of the comprehensive energy system is:

[0129] C inv =∑ j∈φ f j e j W j

[0130] Among them, e j is the unit price of equipment j, RMB / kW; W j is the configuration capacity of device j, kW; φ is the equipment set including wind power, photovoltaic equipment, CHP, AC, ER, GB, EC and various energy storage equipment; f j A Boolean variable with a value of 1 or 0.

[0131] The operating cost model of the integrated energy system is:

[0132]

[0133] Among them, C buy (t) is the energy purchase cost of the park; a t 、b t Represent the electricity price and gas price at time t in year n respectively; C w,cut (t) is the wind curtailment cost of the park’s integrated energy system; c t is the penalty cost for unit wind curtailment; C ope P is the operating cost of the park's comprehensive energy system, which consists of the park's energy purchase cost and wind abandonment cost. The energy purchase cost includes the cost of purchasing electricity and gas. g,buy,n (t) is the gas purchase power in period t of year n; P w,cut,n(t) is the wind power abandoned in period t in year n.

[0134] Considering that the maintenance cost of the park's integrated energy system consists of the maintenance costs of wind power, photovoltaics, energy conversion, and various energy storage devices, it is determined by the actual output power of various devices during operation. The vector composed of the output power of various devices during time period t is Then the maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system is:

[0135]

[0136] in, is the maintenance cost vector per unit power of each type of equipment to be planned; is the output power of the j-type device in period t; if the j-type device represents an energy storage device, It represents the sum of the charging and discharging power of the energy storage device.

[0137] The specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is:

[0138]

[0139] in, is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

[0140] In step S205, the objective function of the planning model is constructed according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system. The specific formula is:

[0141]

[0142] Where C represents the present value of the cost of the integrated energy system, C inv is the construction investment cost, C ope , C main are the operation and maintenance costs of the integrated energy system, The cost of carbon trading.

[0143] In one possible implementation, the various types of load data include load growth rates of electric load, thermal load, gas load and cooling load during the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting historical load data of the integrated energy system.

[0144] In an embodiment of the present application, the load growth rates of electric load, heat load, gas load and cooling load within the planning period are obtained through the prediction of historical load data of the integrated energy system. In the process of capacity configuration planning of each device in the integrated energy system, the growth rate of various types of loads in the future is an important influencing factor. The embodiment of the present application predicts each load growth rate through historical load data, so that the generated planning scheme is more reasonable and accurate, and the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various types of equipment in the integrated energy system are improved.

[0145] In a preferred embodiment, the detailed flow chart of the capacity configuration method of the integrated energy system based on carbon trading provided in this application is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. First, in the overall structure, the construction of the park's integrated energy system depends on the selection of candidate equipment unit models. It is necessary to evaluate the performance and characteristics of various equipment, determine the final selected equipment, and use a unified busbar structure to build the park's integrated energy system structure. Next, the system enters the multi-stage low-carbon planning stage, the core of which is the establishment of a production operation model to analyze and predict the operation and energy efficiency of different equipment. This model comprehensively considers the basic architecture, including basic elements such as planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information, and various load data. When constructing specific constraints, the system takes into account many factors, including power balance, new energy utilization, equipment operation constraints, etc. These constraints ensure that the system can be stable, safe, and efficient in actual operation. Finally, a planning model is established that considers various cost factors such as investment cost, operating cost, carbon trading cost, and maintenance cost as the objective function and production simulation constraints, sets the equipment type to be optimized, inputs boundary parameters, and performs optimization operations to obtain a multi-stage planning solution.

[0146] In a preferred embodiment, analysis is performed based on data from three typical days in the summer, winter and transition seasons of a comprehensive energy system. Figure 5 , 6 7 respectively show in detail the per-unit change curves of electricity, heat, cooling, and gas loads on typical days in summer, winter, and transition seasons, as well as the per-unit change curves of wind and solar power forecast outputs. These curves directly reflect the dynamic changes of various energy loads and renewable energy outputs in the park. At the same time, considering the characteristics of the park's load growth, this embodiment predicts the load growth rates in the early, middle, and late stages of the planning based on historical data and planning requirements, as shown in Table 1.

[0147] Table 1 Load growth rate of various loads during the planning period

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Considering the planning of the park's integrated energy system, the discount rate is taken as 0.08; the SOC of the energy storage device at the beginning and end of the cycle is set to 0.3. The carbon trading benchmark price is taken as 80 yuan / t, and other relevant parameters include carbon emission related parameters, the park's integrated energy system adopts a time-of-use electricity price mechanism, time-of-use electricity prices, gas prices, and the cost of abandoned wind and solar power, and the investment costs, maintenance costs, conversion efficiency, and life of various types of equipment to be planned.

[0151] For the constructed low-carbon planning model, three scenarios are considered for simulation comparison. The scenario settings are as follows:

[0152] 1) Scenario 1: Considering the construction sequence, a multi-stage planning model is adopted. Investment and construction are considered every year during the construction period. Carbon trading is carried out through a stepped carbon trading mechanism. The unit investment cost of various types of equipment is fixed.

[0153] 2) Scenario 2: Considering the construction sequence, a multi-stage planning model is adopted. Investment and construction are considered every year during the construction period. Carbon trading is carried out using a fixed carbon trading mechanism, and the unit investment cost of various types of equipment is fixed.

[0154] 3) Scenario 3: The same scenario as Scenario 1, but carbon trading costs are not considered in the objective function.

[0155] Among them, in scenario 1 and scenario 2, the schematic diagrams of the capacity configuration of each device obtained by the method proposed in this application are as follows: Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown. Combined Figure 8 and Fig. 9 It can be seen that in the early stages of planning, both the fixed carbon price mechanism and the tiered carbon trading mechanism gave priority to fully equipped wind turbines, and the photovoltaic capacity showed an increasing trend year by year. Under the tiered carbon trading mechanism, the photovoltaic capacity and power storage equipment capacity are higher than those configured under the fixed carbon price, and the gas boiler capacity is smaller, reflecting that the tiered carbon trading mechanism is more inclined to configure equipment with low carbon emissions.

[0156] In order to further explore the cost-effectiveness and carbon emission characteristics of the whole life cycle under different scenarios, Table 2 gives the key information such as the whole life cycle cost, investment, operation, maintenance cost and carbon emissions under each scenario. It can be seen from Table 2 that the whole life cycle cost of scenario 1 is 108,000 yuan higher than that of scenario 2. This is because scenario 2 adopts a fixed carbon price, which is actually equivalent to indirectly reducing the carbon trading price, reducing the overall carbon trading cost, and then the whole life cycle cost taking into account the carbon trading cost is reduced. Scenario 1 considers the step-by-step carbon trading mechanism, resulting in a 0.22% increase in costs, but its carbon emissions are reduced by 1156.63t compared with scenario 2, a decrease of 9.14%. This shows that the use of a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism may increase the whole life cycle cost, but the carbon emissions will be greatly reduced, indicating that the step-by-step carbon emission trading mechanism can improve low carbon.

[0157] Table 1 Planning results of each scenario

[0158]

[0159] When the carbon trading cost is not considered in the objective function of scenario 3, it can be seen that the actual total carbon emissions of scenario 3 increased by 1889.4t, an increase of 14.93%, compared with scenario 1. Although the life cycle cost of scenario 3 is 211,700 yuan lower than that of scenario 1, the carbon trading cost is 242,400 yuan, that is, when the carbon trading cost is added, the life cycle cost of scenario 3 is still higher than that of scenario 1. It can be seen that incorporating carbon trading costs into the life cycle cost planning target of the park's comprehensive energy system planning will not only help reduce carbon emissions, but also improve certain economic efficiency.

[0160] Embodiment 2:

[0161] like Fig.10 As shown, accordingly, embodiment 2 provides a capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, including an acquisition module 10, a modeling module 20, a planning module 30 and an adjustment module 40;

[0162] The acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, wherein the system structure includes various equipment types and busbar structure of the integrated energy system, the basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data, and the carbon trading mechanism is a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism;

[0163] The modeling module 20 is used to construct a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, and the planning model includes an objective function and constraints;

[0164] The planning module 30 is used to input the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year;

[0165] The adjustment module 40 is used to adjust the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system according to the planning scheme within the planning period.

[0166] In one possible implementation, Fig.11 As shown, the modeling module 20 includes an operation model building unit 101, a carbon emission model building unit 102, a constraint condition building unit 103, a cost model building unit 104, an objective function building unit 105 and a planning model building unit 106:

[0167] The operation model building unit 101 is used to build corresponding operation models of various devices according to the system structure, including a gas boiler device model, a cogeneration device model, an electric refrigerator device model, an absorption refrigerator device model and an energy storage model;

[0168] The carbon emission model building unit 102 is used to build each carbon emission model of the integrated energy system according to each equipment operation model;

[0169] The constraint condition construction unit 103 is used to construct various constraint conditions of the planning model according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models;

[0170] The cost model building unit 104 is used to build an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of each device, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism;

[0171] The objective function construction unit 105 is used to construct the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system.

[0172] The planning model building unit 106 is used to build the planning model by combining the various constraint conditions and the objective function.

[0173] Furthermore, the constraint condition construction unit 103 constructs various constraint conditions of the planning model according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models, including:

[0174] According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints;

[0175] The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

[0176] Furthermore, the specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is:

[0177]

[0178] in, is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

[0179] In one possible implementation, the various types of load data include load growth rates of electric load, thermal load, gas load and cooling load during the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting historical load data of the integrated energy system.

[0180] The embodiment of the present application provides a capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading. Through the system structure and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, a corresponding planning model is constructed, so that the planning model can simulate the operation of the integrated energy system within the planning period based on the objective function and constraints, and in combination with the basic planning data, and then generate the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system in each year within the planning period, so as to realize the automatic generation of planning schemes. In the process of simulating system operation and generating planning schemes, the embodiment of the present application takes into account the real carbon trading behavior of the integrated energy system during operation, so that the generated planning scheme is more reasonable and accurate, and improves the rationality and scientificity of the capacity configuration of various equipment in the integrated energy system.

[0181] The more detailed working principle and step flow of this embodiment can refer to, but are not limited to, the relevant records of Embodiment 1.

[0182] The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, characterized in that: include: Obtaining the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system, wherein the system structure includes various equipment types and busbar structure of the integrated energy system, the basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data, and the carbon trading mechanism is a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism; Constructing a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, wherein the planning model includes an objective function and constraint conditions; Inputting the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year; During the planning cycle, the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system is adjusted according to the planning scheme.

2. A capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The planning model of the integrated energy system is constructed according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, including: Constructing corresponding operation models of various equipment according to the system structure, including a gas boiler equipment model, a cogeneration equipment model, an electric refrigerator equipment model, an absorption refrigerator equipment model and an energy storage model; Constructing various carbon emission models of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of the various devices; Constructing various constraint conditions of the planning model according to each of the equipment operation models and each of the carbon emission models; According to the operation models of each device, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism, an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system are constructed; Constructing the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system; The planning model is constructed by combining the various constraints and the objective function.

3. A capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The various constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models, including: According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints; The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

4. A capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is: in, is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

5. A capacity configuration method for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The various types of load data include the load growth rates of electric load, heat load, gas load and cooling load within the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting the historical load data of the integrated energy system.

6. A capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading, characterized in that: It includes acquisition module, modeling module, planning module and adjustment module; The acquisition module is used to acquire the system structure, basic planning data and carbon trading mechanism of the integrated energy system. The system structure includes various equipment types and busbar structure of the integrated energy system. The basic planning data includes planning cycle, equipment parameters, carbon market trading information and various load data. The carbon trading mechanism is a step-by-step carbon trading mechanism or a fixed carbon trading mechanism. The modeling module is used to construct a planning model of the integrated energy system according to the system structure and the carbon trading mechanism, wherein the planning model includes an objective function and constraints; The planning module is used to input the basic planning data into a preset planning model, so that the planning model simulates the operation of the integrated energy system according to the basic planning data, and then generates a planning scheme for the integrated energy system within the planning period, wherein the planning scheme includes the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system each year; The adjustment module is used to adjust the capacity configuration of each equipment type of the integrated energy system according to the planning scheme within the planning period.

7. A capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The modeling module includes an operation model building unit, a carbon emission model building unit, a constraint condition building unit, a cost model building unit, an objective function building unit and a planning model building unit: The operation model building unit is used to build corresponding operation models of various equipment according to the system structure, including a gas boiler equipment model, a cogeneration equipment model, an electric refrigerator equipment model, an absorption refrigerator equipment model and an energy storage model; The carbon emission model construction unit is used to construct each carbon emission model of the integrated energy system according to each equipment operation model; The constraint condition construction unit is used to construct various constraint conditions of the planning model according to each of the equipment operation models and each of the carbon emission models; The cost model building unit is used to build an investment cost model, an operation cost model, a carbon trading cost model and a maintenance cost model of the integrated energy system according to the operation models of each device, the carbon emission models and the carbon trading mechanism; The objective function construction unit is used to construct the objective function of the planning model according to the investment cost model, operation cost model, carbon trading cost model and maintenance cost model of the comprehensive energy system; The planning model building unit is used to combine the various constraints and the objective function to build the planning model.

8. A capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The constraint condition construction unit constructs various constraint conditions of the planning model according to the various equipment operation models and the various carbon emission models, including: According to the operation models of each device, construct the power balance constraints of the planning model, wherein the power balance constraints include electric power balance constraints, thermal power balance constraints, gas power balance constraints, cooling power balance constraints, new energy output constraints and energy storage constraints; The carbon emission constraint conditions of the planning model are constructed according to each of the carbon emission models.

9. A capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The specific formula of the carbon trading cost model is: in, is the carbon trading cost, λ is the carbon trading benchmark price, l is the length of the carbon emission interval, α is the increase in the carbon trading price, and E0 is the traded carbon emissions.

10. A capacity configuration system for an integrated energy system based on carbon trading as claimed in any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that: The various types of load data include the load growth rates of electric load, heat load, gas load and cooling load within the planning period, and each of the load growth rates is obtained by predicting the historical load data of the integrated energy system.

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