Electronic device

Abstract

The invention discloses electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of communication. The electronic equipment comprises an antenna structure arranged on a frame of the electronic equipment, wherein the antenna structure comprises a first antenna branch knot; a second antenna stub; a third antenna stub; the second end of the first antenna branch knot is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch knot to form a first breaking joint; the second end of the second antenna branch knot is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch knot to form a second breaking joint; the first end of the first antenna branch is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch is grounded. Wherein a first position on the first antenna branch is grounded through series connection of the first tuning matching and the feed source, a first end of the second antenna branch is grounded after being connected with the first device, and a first end of the third antenna branch is grounded after being connected with the second device; or, the second end of the first antenna branch is connected with a second tuning matching circuit to be grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch is grounded by connecting a third device and a feed source in series.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Antennas are an important component of mobile phones and other terminal electronic devices for communication functions. With the growing demand for complex scenarios, the antenna solutions on mobile terminals are also constantly upgraded and iterated.

[0003] In the prior art, a middle-high band (MHB) antenna is usually designed at the bottom of the mobile phone. This antenna is widely used in free and head-to-head scenarios. However, the free and head-to-head performance of the traditional bottom MHB antenna cannot be maximized, resulting in the inability to meet the needs of some scenarios with high requirements for communication quality, such as outdoor live broadcast, high-speed navigation, Sichuan-Tibet line calls and other signal congestion or weak signal scenarios. Therefore, how to further improve the performance of the bottom MHB antenna has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in application scenarios with high communication quality requirements. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an electronic device that can solve the problem of how to further improve the performance of the bottom MHB antenna in application scenarios with high communication quality requirements.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: an antenna structure disposed on a frame of the electronic device, the antenna structure including:

[0006] First antenna branch;

[0007] Second antenna branch;

[0008] The third antenna branch;

[0009] The second end of the first antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch, forming a first break; the second end of the second antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch, forming a second break; the first end of the first antenna branch is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch is grounded;

[0010] The first position on the first antenna branch is grounded by connecting the first tuning match and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna branch is connected to the first device and then grounded, the first end of the third antenna branch is connected to the second device and then grounded, and the first position is a position on the first antenna branch between the first end and the second end of the first antenna branch;

[0011] Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna branch is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch is connected to the ground via a third device and a feed source in series.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, by improving the design of the antenna structure on the frame of the electronic device, a three-branch antenna adopts a broken-slot coupling method, and a feeding point and a tuning matching circuit are set on the first antenna branch, a tuning point is set on the second antenna branch, and a tuning point is set on the third antenna branch, or a tuning matching circuit is set on the first antenna branch and a feeding tuning point is set on the second antenna branch, so as to reduce the return loss of the antenna, thereby improving the antenna efficiency and enhancing the transmission performance of the antenna in each covered frequency band.

[0013] Additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the embodiments of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-branch antenna solution according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-branch antenna solution according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first tuning and matching circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram comparing the radiation efficiency of the two-branch solution and the traditional solution according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 5 is an antenna current distribution diagram according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0020] Figure 6 is a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of the three-branch scheme and the two-branch scheme according to the first embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna solution according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a second tuning and matching circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 9a is a current distribution diagram in the MB frequency band according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 9b is a current distribution diagram of a pit point after the MB band according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Fig.9c This is a current distribution diagram in the HB frequency band according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Fig.10 It is a comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency in the MHB frequency band according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Fig.11 is an initial impedance diagram of the antenna according to the second embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig.12a It is a comparison diagram of the final impedance matching in the B3 frequency band according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12b It is a comparison diagram of the final impedance matching in the B41 frequency band according to Example 1 and Example 2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally a class, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims represents at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally represents that the front and back associated objects are a kind of "or" relationship.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "length", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] To make the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical background and purpose of the embodiments of the present application are briefly introduced as follows:

[0035] Mobile terminal antennas are an indispensable part of wireless communication systems, and their development is of great significance to the advancement and popularization of communication technology. With the growing demand for complex scenarios for mobile terminals, antenna solutions are also constantly being upgraded and iterated. With the advent of the 5G era, the rapid development and commercialization of new technologies such as the Internet of Everything, smart home wearables, and VR, the importance of mobile terminal antenna technology has become more prominent.

[0036] Normally, a MHB (1.71-2.69 GHz, MHB includes MB and HB, of which MB commonly uses frequency bands B3 and B1, and HB commonly uses frequency bands B40 and B41) antenna is designed at the bottom of the mobile phone. This antenna is widely used in free and head-hand scenarios. On the one hand, the bottom of the mobile phone terminal has good clearance, and the bottom MHB usually has good free space performance, which can greatly improve the communication quality in free scenarios. On the other hand, the MHB antennas on the top and sides of the mobile phone are too close to the human head, and there will be a high head electromagnetic wave absorption ratio (Specific Absorption Rate, SAR) derating, which will be subject to many restrictions in communication scenarios. The bottom MHB antenna is far away from the head and does not need to reduce the head SAR. It has obvious communication advantages in head-hand scenarios. In view of this, it is particularly important to further improve the performance of the bottom MHB antenna.

[0037] The commonly used bottom MHB antenna solution, that is, the traditional design solution, has the following design features: one of the branches is used as the main radiation branch of the bottom MHB antenna, and a return point, antenna feed and tuning matching circuit are set on it. The main radiation branch is coupled to another parasitic radiation branch through a break. In other words, the structure of the traditional solution is the opening-to-opening parasitic of the main radiation branch and the parasitic radiation branch. This solution has good free and head-hand performance, with an average efficiency of -3.5dB in the simulated free scenario and -10.5dB in the head-hand scenario. This solution can meet most communication scenarios.

[0038] However, the freedom and head-to-hand performance of the traditional bottom MHB antenna cannot be maximized. It cannot meet the needs of some scenarios for high communication quality, such as outdoor live broadcast, high-speed navigation, island and Sichuan-Tibet line calls and other signal congestion and weak signal scenarios.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application designs a high-performance MHB antenna located at the bottom of the electronic device. The antenna combined with the devices of the RF front-end can further improve the transmission performance of the bottom MHB antenna in free and head-hand scenarios, which helps to improve the user experience of multiple celebrity scenarios such as outdoor live broadcasts, calls in remote areas, concerts, etc.

[0040] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments and application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] See also Figure 1 and Figure 7 , Figure 1 and Figure 7 Schematic diagram of three design solutions for the antenna structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 100 includes: an antenna structure arranged on the frame of the electronic device 100, and the antenna structure includes:

[0042] First antenna branch 10;

[0043] Second antenna branch 20;

[0044] The third antenna branch 30;

[0045] The second end of the first antenna branch 10 is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch 20, forming a first break 11; the second end of the second antenna branch 20 is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch 30, forming a second break 21; the first end of the first antenna branch 10 is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch 30 is grounded;

[0046] The first position on the first antenna branch 10 is grounded by connecting the first tuning matching circuit 41 and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna branch 20 is connected to the first device and then grounded, the first end of the third antenna branch 30 is connected to the second device and then grounded, and the first position is a position on the first antenna branch 10 between the first end and the second end of the first antenna branch 10;

[0047] Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna branch 10 is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit 42 and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch 20 is grounded through a third device and a feed source connected in series.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna structure can be arranged on the metal frame of the electronic device 100, specifically on the bottom frame, and used as an MHB antenna of the electronic device to improve the performance of the MHB frequency band in free and head-to-hand scenarios. The metal frame is provided with three radiation branches, including a main radiation branch and a parasitic radiation branch.

[0049] In other words, the antenna structure includes three radiating branches, namely the first antenna branch 10, the second antenna branch 20 and the third antenna branch 30, one of which is a main radiating branch and the other two are parasitic radiating branches. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the first antenna branch 10 and the second antenna branch 20 can be arranged opposite to each other on the left and right, and there is a first break 11 between the first antenna branch 10 and the second antenna branch 20. The first end of the first antenna branch 10, that is, the end away from the second antenna branch 20, is grounded; the third antenna branch 30 is arranged on the other side of the second antenna branch 20 away from the first antenna branch 10, that is, the second antenna branch 20 is an intermediate branch, and the first antenna branch 10 and the third antenna branch 30 are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the second antenna branch 20, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the third antenna branch 30 is arranged on the right side of the second antenna branch 20 with a second gap 21 therebetween. The second end of the third antenna branch 30, ie, the end away from the second antenna branch 20, is grounded.

[0050] In one embodiment, the second end of the first antenna branch 10, i.e., the end close to the first fracture 11, may not be connected to the tuning and matching device and the feed source; the first end of the second antenna branch 20, i.e., the end close to the first fracture 11, may be provided with a tuning point to connect the tuning and matching device and then go underground for tuning; the second end of the second antenna branch 20, i.e., the end away from the first antenna branch 10, may be provided with an opening to form a second fracture 21, and the first end of the third antenna branch 30, i.e., the end close to the second fracture 21, may be provided with a tuning point to connect the tuning and matching device and then go underground for tuning.

[0051] For example, Figure 1 As shown, the main radiation branch can be placed on the first antenna branch 10, that is, the first antenna branch 10 is the main radiation branch AC, and the second antenna branch 20 is the first parasitic radiation branch DE, with a first fracture CD between the two. The main radiation branch AC is provided with a return point A and a feed tuning point B, and the feed tuning point B can be electrically connected to the feed excitation source "Port" (referred to as the feed source) through a tuning matching circuit S1 with a switch, that is, a first tuning matching circuit 41. The feed tuning point B can be set at a position close to the return point A, or at a position close to the fracture point C, or in the middle of AC, which can be specifically determined according to the tuning method of the tuning matching circuit S1 arranged at this point. A tuning point D is provided on the parasitic radiation branch DE, and the tuning point D is close to the fracture CD, which can be tuned back to the ground through a first device such as an inductor L1.

[0052] The third antenna branch 30 is the second parasitic radiation branch FG of the main radiation branch AC. The parasitic radiation branch FG is provided with a tuning point F and a return point G. The tuning point F is close to the break EF and is tuned back to ground through a second device such as capacitor C1. The FG branch and the DE branch are coupled in a port-to-port parasitic manner through the break EF. The main function of introducing the FG branch is to generate a radiation current in phase with the AC and DE branches, such as Figure 5 The three branches shown radiate current in phase, thereby improving the efficiency of the antenna operating frequency band.

[0053] The main function of the tuning and matching circuit S1 is to realize impedance tuning by switching different inductors or capacitors using a switch, thereby reducing the return loss of the antenna and better covering the entire MHB frequency band.

[0054] Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, different antenna branches can cover different frequency bands respectively to take into account the antenna efficiency of different frequency bands. For example, the length AC of the first antenna branch 10 is designed according to the coverage frequency band MB to ensure that the antenna branch resonates in the MB band and mainly contributes to the radiation efficiency of the MB band. The length DE of the second antenna branch 20 is designed according to the coverage frequency band HB to ensure that the antenna branch resonates in the HB band and mainly contributes to the radiation efficiency of the HB band. Of course, the opposite layout design can also be made according to actual conditions. The third antenna branch 30 can generate a radiation current in phase with the first antenna branch 10 and the second antenna branch 20, thereby improving the radiation efficiency of the MB band and the HB band.

[0055] In another embodiment, the second end of the first antenna branch 10, that is, the end close to the first slit 11, can be connected to a tuning matching circuit for tuning; the first end of the second antenna branch 20, that is, the end close to the first slit 11, can be provided with no tuning point or feeding point, and a feeding tuning point is provided at the second end of the second antenna branch 20, that is, the end away from the first antenna branch 10, to connect the tuning matching device and the feed source to the ground, so as to fine-tune the impedance frequency deviation and improve the tuning frequency band efficiency. The second end of the second antenna branch 20 can be provided with an opening to form a second slit 21. The third antenna branch 30 can be provided with no tuning point or feeding point, and only the end away from the second antenna branch 20 is grounded.

[0056] For example, Figure 7 As shown, the main radiating branch can be placed on the second antenna branch 20, that is, based on the previous embodiment, this embodiment changes the main radiating branch from AC to DE, that is, monopole DE feeding. Specifically, the second antenna branch 20 is the main radiating branch DE, and the first antenna branch 10 is the first parasitic radiating branch AC, and there is a first break CD between the two. The end point E of the DE branch is the feeding tuning point, and the E point is electrically connected to the feed source "Port" through a third device such as a capacitor C1'. The AC branch is close to the open point D of the DE branch, and the AC branch is provided with a tuning matching circuit S2 with a switch at point C near the break CD, that is, the second tuning matching circuit 42. The third antenna branch 30 is the second parasitic radiating branch FG of the main radiating branch DE, that is, in this embodiment, the AC branch and the FG branch are the first and second parasitic radiating branches respectively, and the parasitic radiating branch FG is provided with a return point G.

[0057] Among them, the tuning and matching circuit S2 has two main functions: one is to achieve impedance tuning to reduce the return loss of the antenna; the other is to achieve aperture tuning to switch the radiation aperture of different frequency bands.

[0058] Specifically, in this implementation, the DE branch and the AC branch jointly determine the resonance of the MB (mainly B3, B1) frequency band; by tuning the matching circuit S2, the antenna structure can be tuned to work in the B3 frequency band, at which time the radiation currents of the DE and AC branches are in phase, such as Figure 9a In addition, changing the length of the AC branch can make the antenna structure work in other frequency bands of MB, such as the B1 band; tuning the matching circuit S2 can also make the antenna structure work in the HB band; similarly, the middle branch DE and the radiation branch FG jointly determine the resonance of the HB band, and the length of the FG branch can be appropriately adjusted to meet the resonance of the HB band. When the antenna structure works in the HB band, the DE and FG branches will generate in-phase radiation currents, such as Fig.9c As shown, the antenna has a higher radiation efficiency in the HB band, such as Fig.10As shown, the antenna structure can completely cover the entire B40 and B41 frequency bands.

[0059] Figure 7 In the illustrated embodiment, different antenna branches can cover different frequency bands respectively to take into account the antenna efficiency of different frequency bands. For example, the length AC of the first antenna branch 10 and the length DE of the second antenna branch 20 can be designed based on the common covered frequency band MB. The two antenna branches jointly determine the resonance of the MB frequency band. In addition, by changing the length of the AC branch, the antenna structure can also work in different frequency bands of MB. The length DE of the second antenna branch 20 is also designed based on the covered frequency band HB to ensure that the antenna branch or another parasitic radiation branch resonates in the HB frequency band.

[0060] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, the branches are only "connected" through fracture coupling, and there is no other physical connection method.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, through the above implementation methods, the length of each antenna branch and the feeding tuning method are reasonably designed, which can ensure that the final antenna structure has a higher radiation efficiency in the MHB band and improve the transmission performance of the MHB band in free and head-hand scenarios.

[0062] Optionally, the length of the second antenna branch 20 is smaller than the length of the first antenna branch 10 , and the length of the third antenna branch 30 is smaller than the length of the second antenna branch 20 .

[0063] That is, in some embodiments, the three antenna branches in the antenna structure can be implemented in a manner in which the lengths are successively reduced. For example, the lengths of the first antenna branch 10, the second antenna branch 20, and the third antenna branch 30 can be 19-20 mm, 14-15 mm, and 8-12 mm, respectively. In this way, it can be ensured that each antenna branch covers the performance of different MHB frequency bands, thereby improving the antenna performance of each frequency band.

[0064] like Figure 2 In the two-branch solution shown, the AC branch is longer than the DE branch. If only the two-branch solution is used, the AC branch can also be shorter than the DE branch. The common purpose of the two branches is that one takes into account the MB frequency band and the other takes into account the HB frequency band. Figure 1 For the embodiment shown, this embodiment needs to introduce FG branches. If the DE branch is the longest branch, the FG branch will be much shorter than the adjacent branch DE branch coupled with it. The large difference in length between the two makes it difficult to bring in-phase current at 2.69GHz, and it is difficult to bring about performance improvement. Therefore, in this embodiment, the three branches AC, DE and FG need to satisfy a decreasing relationship. Among them, the length of the FG branch is slightly shorter than the length of the DE branch, which is equivalent to the long branch parasitizing the short branch, which will generate in-phase current in the HB band, thereby improving the antenna performance.

[0065] by Figure 7 For the embodiment shown, the three branches AC, DE and FG of this embodiment need to satisfy a decreasing relationship in sequence, so that the DE branch and AC branch work in the MB frequency band, the DE branch and FG branch work in the HB frequency band, and the long branch is far away from the feeding end, and the short branch is close to the feeding end. Such a length and position relationship produces better radiation efficiency characteristics and broadband impedance characteristics.

[0066] Optionally, the width of the first slit 11 and / or the second slit 21 is 1-1.5 mm.

[0067] That is, in some embodiments, the metal frame of the electronic device 100 is provided with a first fracture CD and a second fracture EF, and the fracture width may be 1 to 1.5 mm to ensure a good coupling effect between antenna branches. In the embodiment of the present application, the branches are connected only by fracture coupling, and there is no other physical connection method.

[0068] Optionally, the first tuning and matching circuit 41 includes a plurality of branches connected in parallel, and the plurality of branches are switched by controlling the second tuning switch 52;

[0069] Wherein, when the fourth branch among the multiple branches is controlled to be turned on by the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B1 frequency band in the MB frequency band, and the fourth branch includes a second capacitor C2, a second inductor L2 and a third inductor L3 connected in series; or

[0070] In the case where the fifth branch among the multiple branches is controlled to be turned on by the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B3 frequency band in the MB frequency band, the fifth branch includes a fourth inductor L4 and a fifth inductor L5 connected in series, and a common end of the fourth inductor L4 and the fifth inductor L5 is grounded; or

[0071] When the fifth branch, the sixth branch and the seventh branch among the multiple branches are turned on by the second tuning switch 52, the antenna structure operates in the B40 frequency band in the HB frequency band, the sixth branch includes the second capacitor C2, the second inductor L2 and the third capacitor C3 connected in series, and the seventh branch includes the second capacitor C2, the second inductor L2 and the fourth capacitor C4 connected in series; or

[0072] When the fifth branch and the sixth branch are turned on by the second tuning switch 52 , the antenna structure operates in the B41 frequency band in the HB frequency band.

[0073] That is, in one implementation, the following can be used: Figure 1 The antenna design shown in FIG. 1 , wherein the principle structure of the first tuning and matching circuit 41, that is, the tuning and matching circuit S1, can be as follows Figure 3As shown, one end of the tuning and matching circuit S1 is connected to the feed tuning point B on the main radiation branch AC, and the other end is connected to the feed power supply "Port". The tuning and matching circuit S1 series main circuit includes matching devices inductor L2 and capacitor C2. One end of the second tuning switch 52, that is, the switch device "Tuner", is connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the series main circuit through the inductor L3, inductor L4, capacitor C3, and capacitor C4 devices. The main function of the tuning and matching circuit S1 is to use the switch to switch different inductors or capacitors to achieve impedance tuning, so as to control the antenna structure to work in different frequency bands, reduce the return loss of the antenna, and better cover the entire MHB frequency band.

[0074] For example, Figure 3 As shown, when the control is switched to channel ①, the antenna structure corresponds to working in the B3 frequency band; when the control is switched to channel ②, the antenna structure corresponds to working in the B1 frequency band; when the control is switched to channels ①③④, the antenna structure corresponds to working in the B40 frequency band; when the control is switched to channels ①③, the antenna structure corresponds to working in the B41 frequency band.

[0075] The traditional antenna is an AC branch opening to an opening parasitic DE branch, that is, the coupling between the electric field strength point C and the electric field strength point D. This coupling mode has a rapid decrease in radiation efficiency at the 1.71GHz and 2.69GHz sidebands, and it is not easy to take into account the entire MHB band. Figure 4 The dashed curve representing the traditional solution is shown in the figure. This solution produces an efficiency pit "NULL1" with a lower slope before 1.71 GHz, and the sideband efficiency decreases rapidly before 1.71 GHz and after 2.69 GHz. It should be noted that "before 1.71 GHz" in the embodiments of the present application refers to the frequency band below 1.71 GHz, including the frequency band above a certain frequency mentioned later.

[0076] In order to better illustrate the two-branch antenna solution, the two-branch antenna composed of the AC branch and the DE branch of this embodiment is first introduced, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 Optionally, the length of the first antenna branch 10 is 19-20 mm, and the first antenna branch 10 works in the MB frequency band; the length of the second antenna branch 20 is 14-15 mm, and the second antenna branch 20 works in the HB frequency band.

[0077] Specifically, the length of the AC branch is 19 to 20 mm, which resonates at MB and mainly contributes to the radiation efficiency of the MB band. The length of the DE branch is 14 to 15 mm, which resonates at HB and mainly contributes to the radiation efficiency of the HB band. The feeding point of the two-branch antenna is set on the AC branch, and the AC branch is coupled to the DE branch through the break CD, and the coupling method is open-to-ground parasitic. After the electric field strength point C and the current strength point D are electromagnetically coupled, an efficiency pit "NULL2" with a higher slope will be constructed before 1.71 GHz, and the radiation efficiency of the 1.71 GHz sideband and the front will decrease slowly, such as Figure 4 Chinese Representative Figure 2 The dotted curve of the two-branch solution is shown in Figure 2. The two-branch solution places the efficiency pit before 1.71 GHz, which can ensure that the currents of the two branches are in phase in the MHB band.

[0078] Optionally, the first component is a first inductor L1, and the inductance of the first inductor L1 is 1-3 nH, and the first inductor L1 is used to control the position of the efficiency pit generated before the MB frequency band.

[0079] That is, in the specific implementation, the value of inductance L1 can also be adjusted to control Figure 4 As shown in the location of the efficiency pit “ NULL2 ”, the size of the inductor L1 in this embodiment can be between 1 and 3 nH.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, compared with the traditional antenna solution, the two-branch antenna of this embodiment has improvements in the entire MHB frequency band, among which the radiation efficiency at 1.71 GHz is improved the most, which is about 1 dB.

[0081] Optionally, the length of third antenna branch 30 is 8-12 mm, and third antenna branch 30 is used to generate a radiation current in phase with first antenna branch 10 and second antenna branch 20 .

[0082] Furthermore, based on the two-branch antenna, Figure 1 The embodiment shown introduces a third antenna branch 30, namely, a second parasitic radiation branch FG, and the FG branch and the DE branch are coupled in a parasitic pair-to-pair manner through the gap EF. The length of the FG branch can be 8 to 12 mm. The main function of introducing the FG branch is to generate a radiation current in phase with the AC branch and the DE branch, such as Figure 5 As shown, the three branches generate in-phase radiation currents. In this way, the radiation efficiency and performance of the antenna structure in the MHB frequency band can be further improved.

[0083] Optionally, the second component is a first capacitor C1 , and a value of the first capacitor C1 is 0-2 pF. The first capacitor C1 is used to adjust the radiation current intensity of the third antenna branch 30 .

[0084] That is, in specific implementation, the radiation current intensity of the FG branch can be adjusted by tuning the capacitor C1 from point F to ground, and the capacitance of C1 can be in the range of 0 to 2 pF, thereby further improving the antenna radiation performance.

[0085] It should be noted that the AC branch of the two-branch antenna solution in the embodiment of the present application is longer than the DE branch. If only the two-branch solution is used, the AC branch can also be shorter than the DE branch. The common purpose of the two branches is that one takes care of MB and the other takes care of HB. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, after the FG branch is introduced, if the DE branch is the longest branch, the FG branch will be much shorter than the adjacent branch DE coupled with it. The large length difference between the two makes it difficult to bring about the same-phase current at 2.69GHz and it is difficult to bring about performance improvement.

[0086] for Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the AC, DE and FG branches need to satisfy a decreasing relationship. Among them, the length of the FG branch is slightly shorter than the length of the DE branch, which is equivalent to the long branch parasitizing the short branch, which will generate the same phase current in HB, thereby improving the antenna performance.

[0087] Consider other length relationships from another perspective:

[0088] 1) When the DE branch is shorter than the FG branch, it is equivalent to the short return branch parasitizing the long return branch, that is, the effect of the short parasitizing the long, which will make it difficult to produce the same-phase current effect at 2.69GHz;

[0089] 2) When the lengths of AC, DE and FG branches are the same or equivalent, the same branch length cannot take into account the entire MHB frequency band. Secondly, when the lengths of DE and FG branches are equivalent, it is easier to excite the differential mode with current reversal, resulting in an efficiency pit within the band.

[0090] It can be seen that in order to ensure good antenna efficiency, the AC, DE and FG nodes need to satisfy a decreasing relationship.

[0091] like Figure 6 As shown, compared with the two-branch antenna solution, Figure 1 The in-phase currents generated by the three branch length decreasing schemes shown can further improve the radiation efficiency in the MHB band, especially the radiation efficiency at 2.69 GHz and above. It should be noted here that the FG branch is not the main contributor to the radiation efficiency near 2.69 GHz. Its role is to further improve the performance of the 2.69 GHz and above frequency bands on the basis of the DE branch that mainly produces the HB radiation efficiency.

[0092] Finally, by switching the switch path of the tuning and matching circuit S1, the antenna structure proposed in this embodiment can cover the entire MHB frequency band. Table 1 below shows the comparison of the total efficiency of the solution of this embodiment and the traditional solution. It can be seen from the table that compared with the traditional solution, the average performance of this embodiment can be improved by 1dB.

[0093] Table 1 Comparison of total efficiency between the embodiment and the traditional solution (unit: dB)

[0094]

[0095] Compared with the traditional antenna solution, the antenna solution in this embodiment has the following advantages:

[0096] 1) The transmission performance of the MHB band in free scenarios has been improved, and the uplink transmission speed of signals in scenarios such as outdoor live broadcast and high-speed navigation has been increased by 26% (i.e. 1dB).

[0097] 2) The transmission performance of the MHB band in the head-to-hand scenario has been improved. The bottom MHB antenna is far away from the head, and no head-down SAR is required. With the support of high freedom performance, the head-to-hand performance of the MHB band has been further improved, and the call effect in crowded and weak signal scenarios such as concerts, popular scenic spots, islands, and the Sichuan-Tibet line has been greatly improved.

[0098] Optionally, the second end of the first antenna branch 10 is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit 42 and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch 20 is connected to a third device;

[0099] The second antenna branch 20 is a main radiation branch, the first antenna branch 10 is a first parasitic radiation branch, and the third antenna branch 30 is a second parasitic radiation branch;

[0100] The lengths of the second antenna branch 20 and the first antenna branch 10 are adapted to the middle band (MB) frequency band, and the lengths of the second antenna branch 20 and the third antenna branch 30 are adapted to the high band (HB) frequency band.

[0101] That is Figure 7 As shown, in another embodiment, the middle second antenna branch 20, namely the DE branch, can be used as the main radiation branch, and the side first antenna branch 10 and the third antenna branch 30 can be used as the first parasitic radiation branch and the second parasitic radiation branch respectively.

[0102] In this implementation, the lengths of the three branches AC, DE and FG can still satisfy a decreasing relationship in sequence, the AC branch is close to the open point D of the DE branch, that is, the long branch is far away from the feeding end, and the FG branch is close to the feeding point E of the DE branch, that is, the short branch is close to the feeding end.

[0103] In the above-mentioned scheme of a monopole parasitizing a branch, controlling the length of the monopole and the parasitic branch can generate in-phase radiation current. In this implementation, the feed is set at the middle branch DE, the long branch AC is far away from the feed, and the short branch FG is close to the feed, and the monopole DE is used to parasitize the branches on both sides.

[0104] The middle DE branch and the side AC branches jointly determine the resonance of the MB frequency band (including B3 and B1), that is, the lengths of the second antenna branch 20 and the first antenna branch 10 can be designed according to the MB frequency band.

[0105] The middle DE branch and the side FG branch jointly determine the resonance of the HB frequency band (including B40 and B41), that is, the lengths of the second antenna branch 20 and the third antenna branch 30 can be designed according to the HB frequency band.

[0106] In this way, it can be ensured that the antenna structure covers the entire MHB frequency band and obtains better antenna radiation efficiency.

[0107] Optionally, the second tuning and matching circuit 42 includes a first branch, a second branch and a third branch connected in parallel;

[0108] The first branch includes an inductor L1 ′, the second branch includes an inductor L2 ′, the third branch includes a capacitor C2 ′, an inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, and the second branch and the third branch are both switched by controlling the first tuning switch 51 .

[0109] That is, in one implementation, the following can be used: Figure 7 The antenna design shown in FIG. 1 is that the AC branch is provided with a tuning matching circuit S2 with a switch, namely, the second tuning matching circuit 42, at point C near the crack CD. The principle structure of the tuning matching circuit S2 can be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, one end of the tuning and matching circuit S2 is connected to the AC branch, and the other end is connected to the inductor L1′ to the ground or the inductor L2′ and the capacitor C2′ to the first tuning switch 51, namely the switch "Tuner", and then to the ground after being controlled by "Tuner". The tuning and matching circuit S2 of this embodiment has two main functions: one is to realize impedance tuning and reduce the return loss of the antenna; the other is to realize aperture tuning and switch the radiation aperture of different frequency bands. When the antenna structure works in the MB frequency band, the main radiation structure is the main radiation branch DE and the first parasitic radiation branch AC; when the antenna structure works in the HB frequency band, the main radiation structure is the main radiation branch DE and the second parasitic radiation branch FG.

[0110] In this implementation, the antenna structure can be controlled to cover different frequency bands of MHB through a second tuning and matching circuit, and this embodiment adopts a monopole, i.e., an intermediate branch feeding, and utilizes its impedance characteristics to generate an impedance junction in the MB band and the HB band, thereby expanding the impedance bandwidth and depth of the antenna in each operating frequency band, and further improving the overall efficiency of the antenna.

[0111] Optionally, when the second branch and the third branch are not turned on by the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the B3 frequency band in the MB frequency band, and the second antenna branch 20 and the first antenna branch 10 generate in-phase radiation current; or

[0112] When the second branch is turned on by controlling the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the B1 frequency band in the MB frequency band; or

[0113] When the third branch is turned on by controlling the first tuning switch 51, the antenna structure operates in the HB frequency band, and the second antenna branch 20 and the third antenna branch 30 generate the same-phase radiation current.

[0114] Specifically, Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the DE branch and the AC branch jointly determine the resonance of the MB frequency band (including B3 and B1). When the first tuning switch 51 is used to not cut through the branch where L2 and C2 are located, the AC branch is grounded through the large inductor L1'. At this time, the antenna structure works in the B3 frequency band, and the radiation currents of the DE and AC branches are in phase, as shown in FIG. Figure 9a In addition, changing the length of the AC branch can allow the antenna structure to work in other frequency bands of MB. When the large inductor L2' is switched by the first tuning switch 51, the antenna working frequency band will be switched to the B1 frequency band. Figure 9a The current distribution of the antenna structure when it works in MB is shown in the figure. The AC currents of the main radiation branch DE and the first parasitic radiation branch are in phase, and the second parasitic radiation branch FG does not participate in radiation or radiates weakly. The existence of the in-phase currents of the two branches makes the antenna have a higher radiation efficiency in the B3 and B1 frequency bands, such as Fig.10 As shown, there is a radiation efficiency pit after the MB working frequency band (such as 2.35GHz and 2.53GHz) because the shorter FG branches (the length of the FG branches is 8 to 12mm, about 8mm in this embodiment) will generate radiation currents in opposite phases to the DE and AC branches after the MB frequency band, such as Figure 9b As shown, an efficiency pit is generated after the MB band.

[0115] Optionally, the length of the third antenna branch 30 is used to control the position of the efficiency pit generated after the MB band.

[0116] That is, in some embodiments, the efficiency pit position after the MB band can be controlled by properly adjusting the length of the FG branch, thereby optimizing the radiation efficiency of the MB band.

[0117] Similarly, the middle branch DE and the short branch FG jointly determine the resonance of the HB band. While controlling the position of the pit after the MB band, the length of the FG branch must also meet the resonance requirements of the HB band. The switching of the antenna structure from the MB band to the HB band requires the use of the first tuning switch 51 to switch the capacitor C2′. The principle of the antenna working in the HB band is to prevent the AC branches from participating in the HB band radiation or to prevent it from affecting the HB band radiation. Therefore, the first tuning switch 51 can be used to switch to the large capacitor C2′ so that the long branch AC does not participate in the radiation, wherein the C2′ device can be a large capacitor, or a small inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, and similar effects can be achieved.

[0118] When the antenna structure operates in the HB frequency band, the DE branch and the FG branch will generate in-phase radiation currents, such as Fig.9c As shown, the antenna structure has a higher radiation efficiency in the HB band, such as Fig.10 As shown, the antenna structure can completely cover the entire B40 and B41 frequency bands.

[0119] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the main radiation branch DE is a monopole, and its initial feeding impedance starts from the open circuit point. The DE branch end D and the AC branch end C form electromagnetic coupling, and the first effective impedance junction "J1" is generated near 1.71GHz, at the second and third quadrants and their intersection positions. Fig.11 As shown. It should be noted that the antenna also generates an impedance junction at 1.05GHz. The operating frequency band of this impedance junction is not within the MHB band and cannot be considered effective. Furthermore, electromagnetic coupling is formed between the beginning E of the DE branch (close to the feeding end) and the end F of the FG branch, generating a second effective impedance junction "J2" near 2.69GHz, at the first and second quadrants and their junction. It can be seen from the initial impedance that by using monopole feeding and adding parasitic branches on both sides, two impedance junctions "J1" and "J2" can be realized within the target frequency band. These two impedance junctions expand the impedance bandwidth of the MB band and the HB band respectively. Fig.12a and Figure 12b This embodiment is shown in Figure 1 The final impedance matching diagram of the embodiment shown in the B3 frequency band and the B41 frequency band shows that the matching impedance bandwidth and depth of the embodiment are better than Figure 1 The embodiment shown.

[0120] Optionally, the third device is a capacitor, an inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, and the third device is used for fine-tuning impedance frequency deviation.

[0121] That is, the device connected to the feeding point E can be a capacitor C1′, or an inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, which is mainly used to fine-tune the impedance frequency deviation to achieve an impedance junction in the required frequency band.

[0122] It should be noted that the three branches AC, DE and FG of this embodiment need to satisfy a decreasing relationship in sequence, so that the DE branch and AC branch work in the MB frequency band, the DE branch and FG branch work in the HB frequency band, and the long branch is far away from the feeding end, and the short branch is close to the feeding end. The radiation efficiency characteristics and broadband impedance characteristics generated by such a length and position relationship have been described above.

[0123] Consider other length and position relationships from another perspective:

[0124] 1) If the DE branch is the longest of the three branches, it is necessary to connect capacitors or inductors in series on the gaps CD and EF to tune the entire antenna, which is difficult to achieve and occupies a lot of space. In addition, it is difficult for the longest branch DE to have a large difference in length from the shortest branch, and it is difficult for them to excite the same-phase current mode in the HB band.

[0125] 2) Similarly, the DE branch is the shortest of the three branches.

[0126] 3) When the lengths of the three branches are the same or equivalent, the branch length cannot take into account the entire MHB frequency band. Secondly, the FG branch will generate a current that is opposite to the AC and DE branches, introducing an efficiency pit.

[0127] 4) When the long branch is close to the feeding end and the short branch is far away from the feeding end, the antenna cannot generate two impedance junctions, and impedance tuning is difficult.

[0128] It can be seen that in order to ensure good antenna efficiency and reduce the difficulty of implementation, the AC, DE and FG nodes need to satisfy a decreasing relationship.

[0129] In addition, Figure 1 The difference from the embodiment shown is that the middle branch is used as the main radiating branch in this embodiment, and the starting end of the middle branch is fed, and the branches on both sides are parasitic. The long branch is far away from the feeding end, and the short branch is close to the feeding end. This embodiment uses a switch to switch the antenna to different working frequency bands through aperture tuning. Fig.10 As shown, this embodiment and Figure 1 The radiation efficiency of the embodiment shown in the MHB band is equivalent. This embodiment adopts monopole (middle branch) feeding, and uses its impedance characteristics to generate impedance junctions in the MB band and HB band, expanding the impedance bandwidth and depth of the antenna in each working frequency band, such as Fig.12a and Figure 12b This embodiment further improves the overall efficiency by reducing the antenna return loss. Figure 1The total efficiency of the illustrated embodiment in the MHB band is compared, and is improved by an average of 0.76 dB.

[0130] Table 2 Comparison of total efficiency between this embodiment and embodiment 1 (unit: dB)

[0131]

[0132] Compared to Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, this embodiment optimizes the antenna impedance by parasitizing the branches on both sides of the monopole, further improving the efficiency of the MHB antenna, and providing better support for uplink communications in free and head-to-hand scenarios. At present, the performance of this solution is at the forefront of the industry, which can improve user experience to a certain extent, ensure communication competitiveness, and enhance brand influence.

[0133] In addition, in some embodiments, the short branches of the MHB antenna, such as the FG branches, can be shared with the low-frequency band (LowBand, LB, 700-960MHz) antenna to further save space at the bottom of electronic devices such as mobile phones, and a high-performance antenna system with MHB+LB shared branches can be constructed by switching.

[0134] It should also be noted that the embodiment 1 in the drawings of the present application may refer to Figure 1 The antenna scheme shown in the figure, embodiment 2 may refer to Figure 7 Antenna scheme shown.

[0135] An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application includes: an antenna structure arranged on the frame of the electronic device, the antenna structure including: a first antenna branch; a second antenna branch; a third antenna branch; the second end of the first antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch, forming a first break; the second end of the second antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch, forming a second break; the first end of the first antenna branch is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch is grounded; wherein, the first position on the first antenna branch is connected in series with the first tuning and matching circuit and the feed source to be grounded, the first end of the second antenna branch is connected to the first device and then to be grounded, and the first end of the third antenna branch is connected to the second device and then to be grounded, and the first position is the position on the first antenna branch between the first end and the second end of the first antenna branch; or, the second end of the first antenna branch is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit and then to be grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch is connected in series with the third device and the feed source and then to be grounded. In this way, by improving the design of the antenna structure on the frame of the electronic device, the three-branch antenna adopts a broken-slot coupling method, and a feeding point and a tuning matching circuit are set on the first antenna branch, a tuning point is set on the second antenna branch, and a tuning point is set on the third antenna branch, or a tuning matching circuit is set on the first antenna branch and a feeding tuning point is set on the second antenna branch, so as to reduce the antenna return loss, thereby improving the antenna efficiency and enhancing the antenna's transmission performance in each covered frequency band.

[0136] Other components of the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application, such as a radio frequency module and a control module, and operations are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be described in detail here.

[0137] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0138] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: An antenna structure is provided on the frame of the electronic device, and the antenna structure includes: First antenna branch; Second antenna branch; The third antenna branch; The second end of the first antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the second antenna branch, forming a first break; the second end of the second antenna branch is opposite to the first end of the third antenna branch, forming a second break; the first end of the first antenna branch is grounded, and the second end of the third antenna branch is grounded; The first position on the first antenna branch is grounded by connecting the first tuning matching circuit and the feed source in series, the first end of the second antenna branch is connected to the first device and then grounded, the first end of the third antenna branch is connected to the second device and then grounded, and the first position is a position on the first antenna branch between the first end and the second end of the first antenna branch; Alternatively, the second end of the first antenna branch is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch is connected to the ground via a third device and a feed source in series.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second antenna branch is shorter than that of the first antenna branch, and the length of the third antenna branch is shorter than that of the second antenna branch.

3. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second end of the first antenna branch is connected to the second tuning and matching circuit and then grounded, and the second end of the second antenna branch is connected in series with a third device and a feed source and then grounded; The second antenna branch is a main radiation branch, the first antenna branch is a first parasitic radiation branch, and the third antenna branch is a second parasitic radiation branch; The lengths of the second antenna branch and the first antenna branch are adapted to the intermediate frequency MB band, and the lengths of the second antenna branch and the third antenna branch are adapted to the high frequency HB band.

4. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The third device is a capacitor, an inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, and the third device is used for fine-tuning the impedance frequency deviation.

5. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second tuning and matching circuit comprises a first branch, a second branch and a third branch connected in parallel; The first branch includes an inductor, the second branch includes an inductor, the third branch includes a capacitor, an inductor or a 0 ohm resistor, and both the second branch and the third branch are switched by controlling the first tuning switch.

6. The electronic device according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the second branch and the third branch are not turned on by the first tuning switch control, the antenna structure operates in the B3 frequency band in the MB frequency band, and the second antenna branch and the first antenna branch generate in-phase radiation current; or When the second branch is turned on by controlling the first tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B1 frequency band in the MB frequency band; or When the third branch is turned on by controlling the first tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the HB frequency band, and the second antenna branch and the third antenna branch generate in-phase radiation current.

7. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component is a first inductor, and the inductance of the first inductor is 1-3 nH.

8. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second component is a first capacitor, and a value of the first capacitor is 0-2 pF.

9. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first tuning and matching circuit includes a plurality of branches connected in parallel, and the plurality of branches are switched by controlling the second tuning switch; Wherein, when a fourth branch among the multiple branches is turned on by controlling the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B1 frequency band in the MB frequency band, and the fourth branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor and a third inductor connected in series; or In a case where a fifth branch among the multiple branches is turned on by controlling the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in a B3 frequency band in an MB frequency band, the fifth branch includes a fourth inductor and a fifth inductor connected in series, and a common end of the fourth inductor and the fifth inductor is grounded; or When the fifth branch, the sixth branch and the seventh branch among the multiple branches are turned on by controlling the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B40 frequency band in the HB frequency band, the sixth branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor and a third capacitor connected in series, and the seventh branch includes a second capacitor, a second inductor and a fourth capacitor connected in series; or When the fifth branch and the sixth branch are turned on by controlling the second tuning switch, the antenna structure operates in the B41 frequency band in the HB frequency band.

10. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 7 to 9, characterized in that: The length of the first antenna branch is 19-20 mm, and the first antenna branch operates in the MB frequency band; The length of the second antenna branch is 14-15 mm, and the second antenna branch operates in the HB frequency band.

11. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 7 to 9, characterized in that: The length of the third antenna branch is 8-12 mm, and the third antenna branch is used to generate a radiation current in phase with the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch.

12. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 7 to 9, characterized in that: The width of the first slit and / or the second slit is 1 to 1.5 mm.

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