Rotor and motor

Abstract

The invention provides a rotor and a motor, the rotor comprises a rotor iron core and p pairs of magnetic poles arranged on the rotor iron core, p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the magnetic poles are sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor iron core; wherein the center line of a rotor magnetic field is defined as a q axis, and the axis which differs from the q axis by a 90-degree electrical angle is defined as a d axis; each magnetic pole is provided with a first permanent magnet, the first permanent magnets are arranged on the q shafts in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the rotor iron core is provided with air grooves in the d shafts and / or the q shafts. According to the invention, the first permanent magnets are arranged on the quadrature axis (namely the q axis), and the air slots are arranged on the direct axis (namely the d axis) and / or the quadrature axis, so that the quadrature axis inductance is improved, and the salient pole ratio is increased, and therefore, the reluctance torque content of the motor is increased, and the motor can obtain higher reluctance torque. In addition, the reluctance torque ratio of the motor is increased, so that the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, and in particular relates to a rotor and a motor. Background Art

[0002] At present, the traditional permanent magnet assisted reluctance motor increases the inductance difference of the direct and quadrature axes by designing the rotor magnetic barrier, and sets permanent magnets in the magnetic barrier so that the motor contains both reluctance torque and permanent magnet torque, and the content of reluctance torque is relatively large. Such permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor uses lower-priced ferrite permanent magnet materials instead of rare earth materials commonly used in permanent magnet motors, which saves costs to a certain extent. The reluctance torque generated by the asymmetric magnetic resistance of the direct and quadrature axes of the rotor achieves a higher power density while also improving the speed regulation range of the motor. However, its salient pole ratio cannot be further increased after it increases to a certain level and its mechanical strength is weak. Therefore, how to further increase the salient pole ratio of the motor on the existing basis to obtain a higher magnetic group torque is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides a rotor and a motor, the main technical problem to be solved is: how to increase the salient pole ratio of the motor to obtain a higher reluctance torque.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rotor, which includes a rotor core and p pairs of magnetic poles arranged on the rotor core, p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the magnetic poles are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the rotor core; wherein the midline of the rotor magnetic field is defined as the q-axis, and the axis that differs from the q-axis by 90 electrical degrees is defined as the d-axis;

[0005] Wherein, each magnetic pole has a first permanent magnet, and each first permanent magnet is arranged on each q-axis in a one-to-one correspondence, and the rotor core is provided with an air slot on each d-axis and / or each q-axis.

[0006] In some embodiments, when the rotor core is provided with air slots on each d-axis,

[0007] The air slot comprises a groove arranged on the d-axis, and the groove is located on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core;

[0008] And / or, the air slot includes a first air slot arranged on the d-axis, the first air slot is located between the outer circumference of the rotor core and the inner circumference of the rotor core; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the first air slot extends to both sides of the d-axis, and ends of the first air slot on both sides of the d-axis are opposite to the outer circumference of the rotor core, and a first connecting bridge is formed between the ends of the first air slot on both sides of the d-axis and the outer circumference of the rotor core;

[0009] And / or, the air slot includes a third air slot arranged on the d-axis, and the third air slot is located between the outer circumference of the rotor core and the inner circumference of the rotor core; the rotor core is provided with magnetic steel slots for accommodating the first permanent magnets, and the number of the magnetic steel slots is equal to the number of the first permanent magnets and corresponds one to one; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the third air slot extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the third air slot is located between two adjacent magnetic steel slots, one end of the third air slot is opposite to a side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot close to the inner circumference of the rotor core, and a second connecting bridge is formed between the two, and the other end of the third air slot is opposite to a side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot close to the inner circumference of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge is formed between the two.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the air slot includes both the first air slot and the third air slot, the first air slot and the third air slot are sequentially arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the rotor core; the air slot further includes a second air slot arranged on the d-axis, and the second air slot is located between the first air slot and the third air slot on the d-axis;

[0011] In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the second air slot extends to both sides of the d-axis, the width of the first air slot during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W1, the width of the second air slot during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W2, the width of the third air slot during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W3, W2 / W3=1.2-4.6, and W1 / W3=1-2.5; and / or, when the air slot also includes a groove, the minimum distance between the third air slot and the second air slot on the d-axis is d2, the minimum distance between the second air slot and the first air slot on the d-axis is d3, the minimum distance between the first air slot and the groove on the d-axis is d4, d2>d3, and d2>d4, and 9≥d2 / {max(d3, d4)}≥2.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the air slot includes a first air slot, and a first connecting bridge is formed between the ends of the first air slot on both sides of the d-axis and the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the maximum width of each of the first connecting bridges in the radial direction of the rotor core is c1, and the maximum distance between the outer circumferential surface of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R1, wherein c1 / R1=0.009-0.02.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the air slot includes a third air slot, and a second connecting bridge is formed between one end of the third air slot and a side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot close to the inner circumference of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge is formed between the other end of the third air slot and a side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot close to the inner circumference of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the maximum width of each of the second connecting bridges in the radial direction of the rotor core is c2, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R1, wherein c2 / R1=0.005-0.02.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the air slot includes a groove, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, an opening width of the groove gradually decreases along a radially inward direction of the rotor core.

[0015] In some embodiments, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the depth of the groove in the radial direction of the rotor core is W4, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R1, and the minimum distance between the inner circumference of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R2, wherein W4 / (R1-R2)=0.1-0.4.

[0016] In some embodiments, when the rotor core is provided with air slots on each q-axis, the air slots include fourth air slots provided on each q-axis, and each fourth air slot is located between the first permanent magnet on the q-axis and the inner circumferential surface of the rotor core.

[0017] In some embodiments, each of the fourth air slots extends in a radial direction of the rotor core and has a constant width during the extension process.

[0018] In some embodiments, each of the fourth air slots extends in the radial direction of the rotor core; wherein,

[0019] The width of each of the fourth air slots first remains constant and then gradually increases during the process of extending inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core;

[0020] Alternatively, the width of each of the fourth air slots gradually increases as it extends inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core.

[0021] In some embodiments, the minimum width of the fourth air slot in the radial direction of the rotor core is b1, and the maximum width is b2, wherein 10≥b2 / b1≥1.

[0022] In some embodiments, the minimum width of the fourth air groove in the radial direction of the rotor core is b1; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R1, and in the circumferential direction with the axis of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of the first permanent magnet is α; wherein, when a third air groove is further provided on the rotor core, and the width of the third air groove remains unchanged during the circumferential extension of the rotor core and is W3, 0.2≤(b1+2*W3) / (R1*α)≤0.6.

[0023] In some embodiments, the minimum distance between the fourth air slot and the inner circumference of the rotor core is d5; wherein, when a third air slot is further provided on the rotor core, the minimum distance between the third air slot and the inner circumference of the rotor core is d1, 7≥d1 / d5≥3.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rotor core is provided with magnetic steel slots for accommodating the first permanent magnets, and the number of the magnetic steel slots is equal to the number of the first permanent magnets and corresponds one to one;

[0025] A third connecting bridge is formed between each of the fourth air slots and the corresponding magnetic steel slots, and the maximum width of each of the third connecting bridges in the radial direction of the rotor core is c3. The maximum distance between the outer circumference of the rotor core and the axis of the rotor core is R1, wherein c3 / R1=0.005-0.02.

[0026] In some embodiments, each of the magnetic poles has a second permanent magnet, and the number of the second permanent magnets in each of the magnetic poles is 2n, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein the second permanent magnets in each of the magnetic poles are distributed on both sides of the q-axis of the magnetic pole.

[0027] In some embodiments, when the air slot includes a groove, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core, in a circumferential direction with the axis of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of each of the first permanent magnets is α, and the pole arc angle of each of the second permanent magnets is β, and the maximum pole arc angle of each of the grooves is γ, wherein 1.5γ≤α+2*β≤6γ.

[0028] The present invention also provides a motor, comprising any one of the rotors described above.

[0029] The rotor and motor provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The present invention increases the quadrature axis inductance and the salient pole ratio by arranging the first permanent magnet on the quadrature axis (i.e., the q axis) and arranging the air slot on the direct axis (i.e., the d axis) and / or the quadrature axis, thereby increasing the reluctance torque content of the motor and enabling the motor to obtain a higher reluctance torque. In addition, since the reluctance torque of the motor increases, the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded.

[0031] 2. The present invention can increase the q-axis magnetic flux by symmetrically arranging the second permanent magnets on both sides of the first permanent magnet, that is, indirectly increase the permanent magnet magnetic flux and increase the permanent magnet torque output of the motor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. The drawings described below are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the dimensions of a rotor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit of a rotor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram reflecting another arrangement of the second air slot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram reflecting another arrangement of the fourth air slot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram reflecting another arrangement of the fourth air slot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram reflecting another arrangement of the fourth air slot provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 A diagram showing the effect of the reluctance torque of a motor changing with W2 / W3;

[0041] Fig. 9 A diagram showing the effect of the reluctance torque of a motor changing with W1 / W3;

[0042] Fig.10 A comparison diagram of the motor salient pole ratios of a motor using the rotor of the present invention and a motor of the prior art at different currents is shown.

[0043] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows:

[0044] 1. rotor core; 3. shaft hole; 10. outer circumference; 11. magnetic steel slot; 14. air slot; 20. inner circumference; 21. first permanent magnet; 22. second permanent magnet; 31. axis; 131. first connecting bridge; 132. third a connecting bridge; 133. second connecting bridge; 134. third connecting bridge; 135. third b connecting bridge; 141. first air slot; 142. second air slot; 143. third air slot; 144. fourth air slot; 145. groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. The directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contours of each component itself.

[0047] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. If not otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] See also Figure 1-7 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a rotor is provided, which includes a rotor core 1 and p pairs of magnetic poles arranged on the rotor core 1, where p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The magnetic poles are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the rotor core 1. The midline of the rotor magnetic field is defined as the q-axis, and the axis that differs from the q-axis by 90 electrical degrees is defined as the d-axis. Each magnetic pole has a first permanent magnet 21, and each first permanent magnet 21 is arranged one-to-one on each q-axis, and the rotor core 1 is provided with an air slot 14 on each d-axis and / or each q-axis.

[0050] In the above example, by arranging the first permanent magnet 21 on the quadrature axis (i.e., the q-axis) and arranging the air slot 14 on the direct axis (i.e., the d-axis) and / or the quadrature axis, the quadrature axis inductance is increased, the salient pole ratio is increased, and the reluctance torque content of the motor is increased, so that the motor can obtain a higher reluctance torque. In addition, since the reluctance torque of the motor increases, the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded.

[0051] It should be noted that the number of the q-axis is equal to the number of the d-axis, which is equal to the number of magnetic poles. Since the rotor has p pairs of magnetic poles, the number of magnetic poles is 2p. The electrical angle between the q-axis and the adjacent d-axis is 90 degrees, and the mechanical angle between the q-axis and the adjacent d-axis is 360 / 4p degrees.

[0052] In some embodiments, each of the first permanent magnets 21 may be radially magnetized. In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, each of the first permanent magnets 21 may be symmetrically arranged about the q axis, so that the distribution of the magnetic field may be more uniform.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned first permanent magnets 21 can be evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1. The number of the first permanent magnets 21 is 2p, and the 2p first permanent magnets 21 are evenly placed in the magnetic steel slots 11 of the rotor core along the circumference of the rotor with the axis 31 of the rotor core as the center. In a specific application example, each of the first permanent magnets 21 can be a straight line, and each of the first permanent magnets 21 has a geometric center line that coincides with the q-axis. Among them, since the first permanent magnet 21 is a straight line, the magnetic steel slot 11 on the rotor core 1 for accommodating the first permanent magnet 21 is also a straight line, so that the structure of the magnetic steel slot 11 is relatively simple, easy to process and has good mechanical strength, thereby ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor and meeting the requirements of the motor when running at high speed.

[0054] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned air slot 14 may include a groove 145 arranged on the d-axis, and the groove 145 is located on the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core.

[0055] In the above example, the presence of the groove 145 can increase the magnetic resistance of the d-axis, increase the inductance of the q-axis, and further increase the salient pole ratio of the rotor, thereby improving the magnetic group torque of the rotor.

[0056] It should be noted here that the number of the above-mentioned grooves 145 is 2p, and the 2p grooves 145 are evenly arranged on the rotor core 1 with the axis 31 of the rotor core as the center.

[0057] In some embodiments, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1 , each groove 145 is symmetrically arranged about the d axis, so that the distribution of the magnetic field on the rotor can be more uniform and the force on the rotor can also be more uniform.

[0058] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned air slot 14 may include a first air slot 141 disposed on the d-axis, and the first air slot 141 is located between the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core and the inner circumferential surface 20 of the rotor core. In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the first air slot 141 extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the ends of the first air slot 141 on both sides of the d-axis are opposite to the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core, and a first connecting bridge 131 is formed between the ends of the first air slot 141 on both sides of the d-axis and the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core.

[0059] In the above example, since the first air slot 141 extends to both sides of the d-axis, it is beneficial to further increase the q-axis inductance, increase the inductance difference, and improve the reluctance torque content of the motor. In addition, since the first connecting bridge 131 is formed between both ends of the first air slot 141 and the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core, the structural strength of the rotor core 1 can be ensured, which can meet the requirements of the motor when running at high speed.

[0060] It should be noted here that: Figure 1 The surface of the rotor core 1 close to the stator-rotor air gap is the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core, and the surface of the rotor core 1 close to the rotating shaft is the inner circumferential surface 20 of the rotor core. The rotor core 1 is provided with an axial hole 3 passing through both ends of the axial direction, and the hole wall of the axial hole 3 is the inner circumferential surface 20 of the rotor core.

[0061] In some embodiments, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1 , the aforementioned first air slot 141 may be symmetrically arranged about the d-axis, which helps to make the force on the rotor core 1 more uniform and improve the structural strength of the rotor core 1 .

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the air slot 14 may further include a third air slot 143 disposed on the d-axis, and the third air slot 143 is located between the outer circumference 10 of the rotor core and the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core. The rotor core 1 is provided with magnetic steel slots 11 for accommodating the first permanent magnets 21, and the number of the magnetic steel slots 11 is equal to the number of the first permanent magnets 21, and corresponds one to one. In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the third air slot 143 extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the third air slot 143 is located between two adjacent magnetic steel slots 11, one end of the third air slot 143 is opposite to the side of the adjacent magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, and a second connecting bridge 133 is formed between the two, and the other end of the third air slot 143 is opposite to the side of the adjacent other magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge 133 is formed between the two.

[0063] In the above example, the provision of the third air slot 143 can reduce the d-axis inductance and enable the magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnet 21 on the q-axis to form an effective closed magnetic circuit, thereby reducing the magnetic leakage of the first permanent magnet 21, increasing the salient pole ratio, and improving the reluctance torque.

[0064] In some embodiments, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1 , the aforementioned third air slot 143 may be symmetrically arranged about the d-axis, which helps to make the force on the rotor core 1 more uniform and improve the structural strength of the rotor core 1 .

[0065] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, when the air slot 14 includes both the first air slot 141 and the third air slot 143, the first air slot 141 and the third air slot 143 are sequentially arranged from outside to inside along the radial direction of the rotor core 1. The air slot 14 also includes a second air slot 142 arranged on the d-axis, and the second air slot 142 is located between the first air slot 141 and the third air slot 143 on the d-axis.

[0066] In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the second air slot 142 extends to both sides of the d-axis. Figure 1 As shown, the width of the first air slot 141 during the extension process to both sides of the d-axis is constant and is W1, the width of the second air slot 142 during the extension process to both sides of the d-axis is constant and is W2, the width of the third air slot 143 during the extension process to both sides of the d-axis is constant and is W3, W2 / W3=1.2-4.6, and W1 / W3=1-2.5;

[0067] In the above example, by making W2 / W3=1.2-4.6 and W1 / W3=1-2.5, the radial widths of the first air slot 141, the second air slot 142 and the third air slot 143 can be limited, and the magnetic barrier set on the d-axis can be effectively utilized to increase the q-axis inductance, thereby increasing the total torque of the motor and the reluctance torque content of the motor.

[0068] Figure 8 The effect diagram of the reluctance torque of a motor changing with W2 / W3 is shown. Figure 8 It can be seen that when W2 / W3=1.2-4.6, the reluctance torque of the motor is large. Fig. 9 The effect diagram of the reluctance torque of a motor changing with W1 / W3 is shown. Fig. 9 It can be seen that when W1 / W3=1-2.5, the reluctance torque of the motor is larger.

[0069] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the first air slot 141, the second air slot 142 and the third air slot 143 are all symmetrically arranged about the d axis. In a specific application example, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the first air slot 141, the second air slot 142 and the third air slot 143 may be U-shaped slots or C-shaped slots.

[0070] It should be noted that the second air slots 142 may be arranged in the same manner as the first air slots 141 or in the same manner as the third air slots 143 .

[0071] Specifically, if Figure 1As shown, when the second air slot 142 is arranged in the same manner as the first air slot 141, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the second air slot 142 extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the ends of the second air slot 142 on both sides of the d-axis are opposite to the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core, and a third a connecting bridge 132 is formed between the ends of the second air slot 142 on both sides of the d-axis and the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core. Among them, in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the maximum width of each third a connecting bridge 132 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is c4, and the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, wherein c4 / R1=0.009-0.02. This setting can limit the size of the third a connecting bridge 132, so that the saturation effect can be effectively utilized to make the third a connecting bridge 132 saturated, and then the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop according to the q-axis magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance of the motor and increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, when the second air slot 142 is arranged in the manner of the third air slot 143, in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the second air slot 142 extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the second air slot 142 is located between two adjacent magnetic steel slots 11, one end of the second air slot 142 is opposite to the side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, and a third b connecting bridge 135 is formed therebetween, and the other end of the second air slot 142 is opposite to the side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, and another third b connecting bridge 135 is formed therebetween. Among them, in the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the maximum width of each third b connecting bridge 135 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is c5, and the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, wherein c5 / R1=0.005-0.02. This setting can limit the size of the third b connecting bridge 135, so that the saturation effect can be effectively utilized to make the third b connecting bridge 135 saturated, and then the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop according to the q-axis magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance of the motor and increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0073] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the minimum distance between the third air slot 143 and the second air slot 142 on the d-axis is d2, and the minimum distance between the second air slot 142 and the first air slot 141 on the d-axis is d3, and the minimum distance between the first air slot 141 and the groove 145 on the d-axis is d4. d2>d3, and d2>d4, and 9≥d2 / {max(d3, d4)}≥2.

[0074] In the above example, the magnetic conductive portion between the third air slot 143 and the second air slot 142 is the main path of the q-axis magnetic flux. By limiting the minimum distance between the third air slot 143 and the second air slot 142 , the q-axis inductance is improved.

[0075] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, when the aforementioned air slot 14 includes a first air slot 141, and the first air slot 141 has a first connecting bridge 131 formed between the ends on both sides of the d-axis and the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the maximum width of each first connecting bridge 131 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is c1, and the maximum distance between the outer circumferential surface 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, wherein c1 / R1=0.009-0.02.

[0076] In the above example, by making c1 / R1=0.009-0.02, the size of the first connecting bridge 131 can be limited, so that the saturation effect can be effectively utilized to saturate the first connecting bridge 131, so that the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop according to the q-axis magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance of the motor and increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0077] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, when the air slot 14 includes a third air slot 143, and a second connecting bridge 133 is formed between one end of the third air slot 143 and a side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge 133 is formed between the other end of the third air slot 143 and a side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot 11 close to the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the maximum width of each second connecting bridge 133 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is c2, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, wherein c2 / R1=0.005-0.02.

[0078] In the above example, by making c2 / R1=0.005-0.02, the size of the second connecting bridge 133 can be limited, so that the saturation effect can be effectively utilized to saturate the second connecting bridge 133, so that the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop according to the q-axis magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance of the motor and increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0079] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, when the aforementioned air slot 14 includes the groove 145 , in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1 , the opening width of the aforementioned groove 145 gradually decreases in the radial inward direction of the rotor core 1 .

[0080] In the above example, the groove 145 is designed to be concave and gradually become smaller in width because it is necessary to dig to a certain depth to achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic resistance of the d-axis. In addition, if the width of the concave groove 145 gradually increases, the mechanical strength of the rotor punching will be reduced, and the stress of the pole shoes between the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 and the air gap and the bottom of the groove 145 will increase.

[0081] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the depth of the groove 145 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is W4, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, and the minimum distance between the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R2. Wherein, W4 / (R1-R2)=0.1-0.4.

[0082] In the above example, by making W4 / (R1-R2)=0.1-0.4, the distance that the groove 145 extends toward the inner circumference of the rotor core 1 can be limited, thereby increasing the inductance of the q-axis, increasing the motor salient pole ratio, and increasing the reluctance torque.

[0083] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, when the aforementioned air slot 14 includes a groove 145, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, in a circumferential direction with the axis 31 of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of each first permanent magnet 21 is α, and the pole arc angle of each second permanent magnet 22 is β, and the maximum pole arc angle of each groove 145 is γ, wherein 1.5γ≤α+2*β≤6γ.

[0084] In the above example, by making 1.5γ≤α+2*β≤6γ, the relationship between the pole arc angle of the first permanent magnet 21 and the pole arc angle of the groove 145 can be limited, the utilization rate of the permanent magnet can be improved, and the cost of the motor can be reduced.

[0085] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned air slots 14 include fourth air slots 144 arranged on each q-axis, and each fourth air slot 144 is located between the first permanent magnet 21 on the q-axis and the inner circumferential surface 20 of the rotor core.

[0086] In the above example, by providing the fourth air slot 144 , the q-axis inductance can be increased, thereby increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0087] In some embodiments, the aforementioned fourth air slots 144 may be symmetrically arranged about the q-axis, so that the distribution of the magnetic field on the rotor may be more uniform and the force on the rotor may also be more uniform.

[0088] The fourth air slot 144 mentioned above can be arranged in a variety of different ways, which will be described one by one below.

[0089] In the first example, if Figure 7 As shown, each of the fourth air slots 144 mentioned above extends along the radial direction of the rotor core 1 and the width thereof remains unchanged during the extension process.

[0090] In the first example, each of the fourth air slots 144 is in a straight line shape to facilitate processing.

[0091] In the second example, if Figure 1 As shown, the aforementioned fourth air slots 144 extend in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 , and the width of each fourth air slot 144 remains unchanged and then gradually increases during the process of extending inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 .

[0092] In the above-mentioned second example, the width of the fourth air slot 144 on the proximal side increases along the radial inward direction of the rotor core 1, which can reduce the axial magnetic leakage of the first permanent magnet 21 on the proximal side. The width of the fourth air slot 144 close to the first permanent magnet 21 is consistent and small, which can avoid affecting the main magnetic flux path and reduce the q-axis magnetic flux.

[0093] In the third example, if Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each of the fourth air slots 144 extends in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 , and the width of each of the fourth air slots 144 gradually increases during the process of extending inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 .

[0094] In the third example described above, the width of the fourth air slot 144 increases along the radial inward direction of the rotor core 1 , which can reduce the axial magnetic leakage of the first permanent magnet 21 on the proximal axis side.

[0095] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the minimum width of the fourth air slot 144 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is b1, and the maximum width is b2, wherein 10≥b2 / b1≥1.

[0096] In the above example, by limiting 10≥b2 / b1≥1, magnetic flux leakage on the inner circumference of the rotor core 1 can be effectively prevented, the utilization rate of the permanent magnets can be improved, and the torque output capacity of the rotor can be improved.

[0097] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the minimum width of the aforementioned fourth air slot 144 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is b1. In the cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core 1, the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, and in the circumferential direction with the axis 31 of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of the first permanent magnet 21 is α. Among them, when the rotor core 1 is further provided with a third air slot 143, the width of the third air slot 143 in the process of extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 1 remains unchanged and is W3, 0.2≤(b1+2*W3) / (R1*α)≤0.6.

[0098] In the above example, by making 0.2≤(b1+2*W3) / (R1*α)≤0.6, the widths of the third air slot 143 and the fourth air slot 144 adjacent to the first permanent magnet 21 can be limited, thereby ensuring that the magnetic circuit of the magnetic lines of force of the first permanent magnet 21 will not be saturated, causing a decrease in the torque output capacity of the motor.

[0099] In some embodiments, Figure 2 As shown, the minimum distance between the fourth air slot 144 and the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core is d5. When the rotor core 1 is further provided with a third air slot 143, the minimum distance between the third air slot 143 and the inner circumference 20 of the rotor core is d1. Wherein, 7≥d1 / d5≥3.

[0100] In the above example, by making 7≥d1 / d5≥3, the distance between the fourth air groove 144 and the inner peripheral surface 20 of the rotor core can be limited, and the saturation effect can be used to prevent magnetic leakage on the rotor core 1 close to the shaft.

[0101] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the rotor core 1 is provided with magnetic steel slots 11 for accommodating the first permanent magnets 21, and the number of the magnetic steel slots 11 is equal to the number of the first permanent magnets 21 and corresponds to each other. A third connecting bridge 134 is formed between each fourth air slot 144 and the corresponding magnetic steel slot 11. The maximum width of each third connecting bridge 134 in the radial direction of the rotor core 1 is c3, and the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface 10 of the rotor core and the rotor core axis 31 is R1, wherein c3 / R1=0.005-0.02.

[0102] In the above example, by setting c3 / R1=0.005-0.02, the size of the third connecting bridge 134 can be limited, so that the saturation effect can be effectively utilized to saturate the third connecting bridge 134, and then the magnetic lines of force form a closed loop according to the q-axis magnetic circuit, thereby increasing the q-axis inductance of the motor and increasing the reluctance torque of the motor.

[0103] In some embodiments, Figure 1As shown, each of the aforementioned magnetic poles has a second permanent magnet 22, and the number of the second permanent magnets 22 in each magnetic pole is 2n, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The second permanent magnets 22 in each magnetic pole are distributed on both sides of the q-axis of the magnetic pole. Preferably, the second permanent magnets 22 in each magnetic pole are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the q-axis of the magnetic pole, so that the distribution of the magnetic field on the rotor can be more uniform.

[0104] In the above example, the q-axis flux can be increased by setting the second permanent magnet 22, that is, the permanent magnet flux is indirectly increased, and the permanent magnet torque output of the motor is increased. In addition, because the q-axis flux is increased, the q-axis inductance is also increased, resulting in an increase in the inductance difference between the q-axis and the d-axis, an increase in the salient pole ratio, and an increase in the reluctance torque content of the motor.

[0105] It should be noted that: the first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 can both be radially magnetized permanent magnets. The first permanent magnet 21 and the second permanent magnet 22 in the same magnetic pole have the same polarity.

[0106] Among them, for the structure of the rotor of the present invention, by setting the first permanent magnet 21 on the quadrature axis (i.e. the aforementioned q-axis) and setting the air slot 14 on the direct axis (i.e. the aforementioned d-axis) and / or the quadrature axis, the quadrature axis inductance is increased, the salient pole ratio is increased, and thus the reluctance torque content of the motor is increased. Since the reluctance torque of the motor is increased, the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded. In addition, the structure of the rotor of the present invention also increases the quadrature axis magnetic flux of the motor, increases the reluctance torque of the motor, and increases the speed regulation range of the motor through the permanent magnet structure design.

[0107] The present invention also provides a motor, which may include any of the above-mentioned rotors. Among them, because the motor adopts the above-mentioned rotor, by setting the first permanent magnet 21 on the quadrature axis (i.e., q-axis) and setting the air slot 14 on the direct axis (i.e., d-axis) and / or the quadrature axis, the quadrature axis inductance is increased, the salient pole ratio is increased, and the reluctance torque content of the motor is increased, so that the motor can obtain a higher reluctance torque. In addition, since the reluctance torque ratio of the motor increases, the speed regulation range of the motor can be expanded.

[0108] Fig.10 A comparison diagram of the motor salient pole ratio of a motor using the rotor of the present invention and a motor of the prior art at different currents is shown. Among them, for the rotor of the present invention, each first permanent magnet 21 is arranged on each q axis in a one-to-one correspondence, and the rotor core 1 is provided with a groove 145, a first air slot 141, a second air slot 142 and a third air slot 143 on each d axis, and the rotor core 1 is provided with a fourth air slot 144 on each q axis. The motor of the prior art is a common V-shaped permanent magnet synchronous motor, from Fig.10It can be found by comparison that the salient pole ratio of the motor using the rotor of the present invention is advantageous over the motor of the prior art under both heavy load and light load.

[0109] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rotor core (1) and p pairs of magnetic poles arranged on the rotor core (1), wherein p is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1, and the magnetic poles are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the rotor core (1); wherein the midline of the rotor magnetic field is defined as the q-axis, and the axis which differs from the q-axis by 90 electrical degrees is defined as the d-axis; Each magnetic pole has a first permanent magnet (21), and each first permanent magnet (21) is arranged on each q-axis in a one-to-one correspondence, and the rotor core (1) is provided with an air slot (14) on each d-axis and / or each q-axis.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the rotor core (1) is provided with air slots (14) on each d-axis, The air slot (14) comprises a groove (145) arranged on the d-axis, and the groove (145) is located on the outer peripheral surface (10) of the rotor core; And / or, the air slot (14) comprises a first air slot (141) arranged on the d-axis, the first air slot (141) being located between the outer circumferential surface (10) of the rotor core and the inner circumferential surface (20) of the rotor core; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the first air slot (141) extends to both sides of the d-axis, and ends of the first air slot (141) on both sides of the d-axis are opposite to the outer circumferential surface (10) of the rotor core, and a first connecting bridge (131) is formed between the ends of the first air slot (141) on both sides of the d-axis and the outer circumferential surface (10) of the rotor core; And / or, the air slot (14) includes a third air slot (143) arranged on the d-axis, the third air slot (143) being located between the outer circumferential surface (10) of the rotor core and the inner circumferential surface (20) of the rotor core; the rotor core (1) is provided with magnetic steel slots (11) for accommodating the first permanent magnets (21), the number of the magnetic steel slots (11) being equal to the number of the first permanent magnets (21) and corresponding one to one; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the third air slot (143) ) extends to both sides of the d-axis, and the third air slot (143) is located between two adjacent magnetic steel slots (11), one end of the third air slot (143) is opposite to a side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot (11) close to the inner circumference (20) of the rotor core, and a second connecting bridge (133) is formed between the two, and the other end of the third air slot (143) is opposite to a side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot (11) close to the inner circumference (20) of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge (133) is formed between the two.

3. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the air slot (14) includes both the first air slot (141) and the third air slot (143), the first air slot (141) and the third air slot (143) are arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction of the rotor core (1); the air slot (14) further includes a second air slot (142) arranged on the d-axis, and the second air slot (142) is located between the first air slot (141) and the third air slot (143) on the d-axis; wherein, In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the second air slot (142) extends to both sides of the d-axis, the width of the first air slot (141) during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W1, the width of the second air slot (142) during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W2, the width of the third air slot (143) during the extension to both sides of the d-axis remains unchanged and is W3, W2 / W3=1.2-4.6, and W1 / W3=1-2.5 ; and / or, when the air slot (14) further includes a groove (145), the minimum distance between the third air slot (143) and the second air slot (142) on the d-axis is d2, the minimum distance between the second air slot (142) and the first air slot (141) on the d-axis is d3, the minimum distance between the first air slot (141) and the groove (145) on the d-axis is d4, d2>d3, and d2>d4, and 9≥d2 / {max(d3, d4)}≥2.

4. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the air slot (14) includes a first air slot (141), and first connecting bridges (131) are formed between the ends of the first air slot (141) on both sides of the d-axis and the outer peripheral surface (10) of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the maximum width of each of the first connecting bridges (131) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is c1, and the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface (10) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R1, wherein c1 / R1=0.009-0.

02.

5. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the air slot (14) includes a third air slot (143), and a second connecting bridge (133) is formed between one end of the third air slot (143) and a side of an adjacent magnetic steel slot (11) close to the inner circumference (20) of the rotor core, and another second connecting bridge (133) is formed between the other end of the third air slot (143) and a side of another adjacent magnetic steel slot (11) close to the inner circumference (20) of the rotor core, in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the maximum width of each of the second connecting bridges (133) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is c2, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference (10) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R1, wherein c2 / R1=0.005-0.

02.

6. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the air slot (14) includes a groove (145), in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the opening width of the groove (145) gradually decreases in a radially inward direction of the rotor core (1).

7. The rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that: In a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the depth of the groove (145) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is W4, and the maximum distance between the outer circumference (10) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R1, and the minimum distance between the inner circumference (20) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R2, wherein W4 / (R1-R2)=0.1-0.

4.

8. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When the rotor core (1) is provided with an air slot (14) on each q-axis, the air slot (14) includes a fourth air slot (144) provided on each q-axis, and each fourth air slot (144) is located between the first permanent magnet (21) on the q-axis and the inner circumferential surface (20) of the rotor core.

9. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the fourth air slots (144) extends in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) and has a constant width during the extension process.

10. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the fourth air slots (144) extends in the radial direction of the rotor core (1); wherein, The width of each of the fourth air slots (144) first remains constant and then gradually increases during the process of extending inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core (1); Alternatively, the width of each of the fourth air slots (144) gradually increases as it extends inwardly in the radial direction of the rotor core (1).

11. The rotor according to claim 10, characterized in that: The minimum width of the fourth air slot (144) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is b1, and the maximum width is b2, wherein 10≥b2 / b1≥1.

12. The rotor according to claim 10, characterized in that: The minimum width of the fourth air slot (144) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is b1; in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface (10) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R1, and in the circumferential direction with the axis (31) of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of the first permanent magnet (21) is α; wherein, when the rotor core (1) is further provided with a third air slot (143), the width of the third air slot (143) in the process of extending along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (1) remains unchanged and is W3, and 0.2≤(b1+2*W3) / (R1*α)≤0.

6.

13. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The minimum value of the distance between the fourth air slot (144) and the inner circumferential surface (20) of the rotor core is d5; wherein, when the rotor core (1) is further provided with a third air slot (143), the minimum value of the distance between the third air slot (143) and the inner circumferential surface (20) of the rotor core is d1, 7≥d1 / d5≥3.

14. The rotor according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotor core (1) is provided with magnetic steel slots (11) for accommodating the first permanent magnets (21), and the number of the magnetic steel slots (11) is equal to the number of the first permanent magnets (21) and corresponds one to one; A third connecting bridge (134) is formed between each of the fourth air slots (144) and the corresponding magnetic steel slot (11), and the maximum width of each of the third connecting bridges (134) in the radial direction of the rotor core (1) is c3, and the maximum distance between the outer peripheral surface (10) of the rotor core and the rotor core axis (31) is R1, wherein c3 / R1=0.005-0.

02.

15. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7 and 9 to 14, characterized in that: Each of the magnetic poles has a second permanent magnet (22), and the number of the second permanent magnets (22) in each of the magnetic poles is 2n, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; wherein the second permanent magnets (22) in each of the magnetic poles are distributed on both sides of the q axis of the magnetic pole.

16. The rotor according to claim 15, characterized in that: When the air slot (14) includes a groove (145), in a cross section perpendicular to the axis of the rotor core (1), in a circumferential direction with the axis (31) of the rotor core as the center, the pole arc angle of each of the first permanent magnets (21) is α, and the pole arc angle of each of the second permanent magnets (22) is β, and the maximum pole arc angle of each of the grooves (145) is γ, wherein 1.5γ≤α+2*β≤6γ.

17. A motor, characterized in that: A rotor comprising the rotor described in any one of claims 1 to 16.

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