Gas spiral-flow type atomizing nozzle capable of feeding gas in circumferential direction

Abstract

The invention discloses a circumferential air inlet gas spiral-flow type atomizing nozzle, and aims to solve the problems of disordered air flow distribution and unbalanced pressure in a gas storage cavity of an existing atomizing nozzle so as to improve the atomizing efficiency and the powder quality. Comprising an upper cover, an air inlet disc and a base, the upper cover and the air inlet disc are matched to form an air inlet cavity for circumferential air inlet and a circular seam outlet, an air inlet channel is arranged in the circumferential direction of the air inlet cavity, and three guide blades are arranged at the lower end of the upper cover at equal angles and used for guiding the airflow direction; in addition, a metal liquid flow channel is formed in the center of the upper cover, and a base groove is used for containing an air inlet pipe and fixing a nozzle. By arranging the circumferential air inlet channel and the guide vanes, gas flows in a vortex shape, the mixing efficiency is improved, vortexes and dead zones are reduced, pressure balance in the cavity is achieved, rotating airflow with high impact force is formed, and the atomization effect is optimized; by improving the structural design of the atomizing nozzle, the particle size uniformity and sphericity degree of atomized powder are remarkably improved, satellite powder is reduced, and the powder yield and the powder quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal powder manufacturing, and in particular to a gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake. Background Art

[0002] In the field of metal powder manufacturing, the powder preparation technology has a crucial impact on the performance and application range of the material. At present, the main methods for preparing powder include atomization, reduction, crushing and mechanical alloying. Among them, the atomization method is widely used in many high-tech fields such as additive manufacturing, vacuum brazing, soft magnetic materials, etc. because it can produce powders with good sphericity, uniform composition and excellent fluidity, and has become one of the mainstream technologies.

[0003] The basic principle of atomization is to use high-speed and high-pressure inert gas (such as argon) to break the molten metal into fine droplets. These droplets quickly cool and solidify during flight, and finally form metal powder. In this process, the atomization nozzle is a key component of the entire atomization process. Its design performance directly affects whether the metal melt can be effectively broken into fine and uniform droplets, which in turn determines the quality of the final powder and the atomization efficiency.

[0004] However, the traditional atomizing nozzle design often has problems with disordered air flow distribution and uneven pressure in the air storage chamber. Traditional nozzles usually adopt a design in which two air intake pipes face the central axis of the spray disc. This design causes energy loss and increased turbulence when the air flow collides with the inner cavity wall, which not only makes the air flow distribution uneven, but also easily causes the formation of local high-pressure areas. These local high-pressure areas will not only cause air flow backflow and irregular flow, but also have an adverse effect on the atomization effect of the metal liquid, reduce the atomization efficiency and powder quality, and affect the stability of the entire system.

[0005] Therefore, how to improve the design of the atomizing nozzle to solve the problems of disordered air flow distribution and uneven pressure in the air storage chamber in the prior art has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Reasonable design of the air intake mode of the atomizing nozzle is of great significance for improving atomization efficiency, improving powder quality and enhancing the overall stability of the system.

[0006] In response to the above problems, the present invention proposes a new type of gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake, which aims to improve the airflow characteristics and enhance the uniformity and stability of the airflow in the cavity by optimizing the air intake method and internal structure design, thereby improving the quality and uniformity of the atomized powder. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake to solve the technical problems of disordered air flow distribution and unbalanced pressure in the air storage chamber of the atomizing nozzle in the existing metal powder manufacturing field, especially in the process of preparing metal powder by gas atomization.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake, comprising an upper cover, an air intake disk and a base, the upper cover and the air intake disk cooperate to form an air intake cavity and an annular seam outlet connected to the air intake channel, and the air intake channel intakes air circumferentially along the air intake cavity; three guide vanes are provided at equal angles along the circumference of the lower end of the upper cover, and the guide vanes are tangent to the air intake hole; a metal liquid flow channel is provided at the center of the upper cover and passes through the lower end surface of the base; the base is grooved for placing the air intake pipe and fixing the gas atomizing nozzle in the smelting chamber, and the guide vanes are fixed by engaging with the trapezoidal grooves on the inner wall of the air intake disk through the trapezoidal boss.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the upper cover, the air inlet disk and the base are coaxially arranged, and a sealing design is adopted between the air inlet disk and the upper cover.

[0010] In a preferred solution, three stepped air inlet holes are arranged at equal angles on the air inlet disk, and the air outlet ends of the air inlet holes are arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk and are tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outlet end of the air inlet hole is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet disk, so that the air inlet channel is tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow.

[0012] In a preferred solution, the number of the air inlet holes is three, the three air inlet holes are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet hole provides an equal gas flow rate.

[0013] In the preferred embodiment, the left plane of the guide vane is tangent to the air inlet hole, the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane, and the radius of the inner contour line of the guide vane is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane and the center of the upper cover.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the air inlet cavity formed along the central axis of the liquid flow channel includes a group of contour lines, and the cross section of the air inlet cavity gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, and adopts a rounded corner for smooth transition.

[0015] In a preferred solution, the air inlet cavity and the upper cover are sealed via an annular step surface and connected using bolts, and a metal sealing gasket is provided on the annular step.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the annular seam outlet is arranged to be two parallel lines, the annular seam outlet width is set to 0.5-3 mm, the annular seam outlet section length is set to 3-7 mm, and the spray angle is set to 10-90°.

[0017] In a preferred solution, the base is provided with grooves at equal angles along the circumference for accommodating the air inlet pipe, and the base is also provided with stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts.

[0018] The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention solves the problems in the existing metal powder manufacturing field, especially in the process of preparing metal powder by gas atomization, such as the disordered air flow distribution and unbalanced pressure in the air storage cavity of the atomizing nozzle, and the unsatisfactory atomization effect, low efficiency and inconsistent powder quality caused by the disordered, uneven air flow distribution and unbalanced pressure; 2. The design of the circumferential air inlet channel of the present invention changes the air inlet method of the traditional atomizing nozzle facing the central axis of the spray disc. The circumferential air inlet channel design is adopted to make the gas flow in a vortex shape, thereby improving the mixing efficiency; 3. The design of the air inlet holes distributed at equal angles in the present invention is that the three air inlets are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and the gas flow provided by each air inlet hole is equal, ensuring that the gas enters evenly from all directions, reducing the formation of local high-pressure areas; 4. The guide vanes of the present invention are arranged in the air inlet cavity to effectively guide the airflow direction, reduce the mutual interference between the airflows of adjacent air inlet holes, and improve the flow characteristics of the airflow; 5. The present invention forms a rotating airflow through the arrangement of circumferential air intake and guide vanes, generates stronger shear force, breaks up the metal liquid more effectively, and improves the atomization efficiency; 6. The setting of the rotating airflow of the present invention can disperse the metal liquid more evenly to form fine and uniform droplets, and finally obtain metal powder with fine particle size, good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution; 7. The present invention reduces the generation of satellite powder and improves the consistency and quality of powder by optimizing airflow distribution and reducing turbulence; 8. The improved nozzle design of the present invention reduces the formation of local high-pressure areas, avoids the problems of airflow reversal and irregular flow, and enhances the overall stability of the system; 9. The atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention can significantly improve the quality and consistency of the powder and reduce the generation of satellite powder when preparing metal powder. The powder has good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution. This technical effect has significant advantages and application value in the field of metal powder manufacturing. 10. The atomizing nozzle design of the present invention is also easy to clean and maintain, which reduces production costs; its modular design allows for flexible adjustment according to actual needs, further broadening its application range in different metal powder preparation processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples: Figure 1 A top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of a local structure V of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle of the present invention along the horizontal direction and a schematic diagram of the airflow path; Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the air inlet and guide vanes of the local structure VI of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide cover of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air intake disk of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide vane of the present invention; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the SEM powder morphology of the metal powder prepared in Example 3 of the present invention; In the figure: upper cover 1, air inlet plate 2, base 3, air guide pipe 4, sealing gasket 5, guide vane 6, annular gap outlet 7, liquid flow channel 101, air inlet cavity 201, air inlet hole 202, trapezoidal groove 203. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example 1 like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake comprises an upper cover 1, an air intake disk 2 and a base 3. The upper cover 1 cooperates with the air intake disk 2 to form an air intake cavity 201 and an annular seam outlet 7 connected to an air intake channel. The air intake channel intakes air circumferentially along the air intake cavity 201; three guide vanes 6 are provided at equal angles along the circumference at the lower end of the upper cover 1, and the guide vanes 6 are tangent to the air intake hole 202; a metal liquid flow channel 101 is provided at the center of the upper cover 1 and passes through the lower end surface of the base 3; the base 3 is grooved for placing the air intake pipe 4 and fixing the gas atomizing nozzle in the smelting chamber, and the guide vanes 6 are fixed by engaging with the trapezoidal groove 203 on the inner wall of the air intake disk 2 through the trapezoidal boss.

[0021] In this embodiment, the upper cover 1 , the air inlet disk 2 and the base 3 are coaxially arranged, and a sealing design is adopted between the air inlet disk 2 and the upper cover 1 .

[0022] Furthermore, three stepped air inlet holes 202 are arranged at equal angles on the air inlet disk 2 , and the air outlet ends of the air inlet holes 202 are arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 and are tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 .

[0023] Furthermore, the outlet end of the air inlet hole 202 is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2, so that the air inlet channel is tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow.

[0024] Furthermore, the number of the air inlet holes 202 is three, and the three air inlet holes 202 are distributed at equal angles along the circumferential direction, and each air inlet hole 202 provides an equal gas flow rate.

[0025] Furthermore, the left plane of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air inlet hole 202, the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane 6, and the inner contour line radius of the guide vane 6 is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane 6 and the center of the upper cover.

[0026] Furthermore, the cross section of the air inlet cavity 201 formed along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 includes a set of contour lines. The cross section of the air inlet cavity 201 gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, and adopts a rounded corner for smooth transition.

[0027] Furthermore, the air inlet cavity 201 and the upper cover 1 are sealed via an annular step surface and connected using bolts, and a metal sealing gasket 5 is provided on the annular step.

[0028] Furthermore, the annular seam outlet 7 is arranged to be two parallel lines, the annular seam outlet width is set to 0.5-3 mm, the annular seam outlet section length is set to 3-7 mm, and the spray angle is set to 10-90°.

[0029] Furthermore, the base 3 is provided with grooves at equal angles along the circumference for accommodating the air inlet pipe 4, and the base 3 is also provided with stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts.

[0030] Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle is suitable for preparing metal powders, especially preparing metal powders with good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution by gas atomization.

[0031] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on Example 1, refer to Figures 1 to 7 An aerosol nozzle comprises an upper cover 1, an air inlet disk 2 and a base 3 which are arranged in a coaxial manner to ensure the stability and uniformity of the airflow; the upper cover 1 cooperates with the air inlet disk 2 to form an air inlet cavity 202 and an annular seam outlet 7 which are connected to an air inlet channel; the air inlet channel takes in air circumferentially along the air inlet cavity 202, so that the gas entering the nozzle forms a vortex flow; this design can effectively improve the mixing efficiency of the gas and liquid materials and improve the flow characteristics of the airflow.

[0032] Furthermore, the technical solution of this embodiment also includes three guide blades 6 provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction at the lower end of the upper cover 1, and the guide blades 6 are tangent to the air inlet holes 201 and are used to guide the direction of the airflow; the setting of the guide blades 6 can reduce the mutual interference between the airflows of adjacent air inlet holes 201, improve the flow characteristics of the airflow, make the airflow flow more smoothly, and reduce turbulence and vortex; at the same time, the guide blades 6 and the air inlet disk 2 are fixed by the trapezoidal boss on the guide blades 6 and the trapezoidal grooves 203 on the inner wall of the air inlet disk, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the guide blades.

[0033] In addition, the technical solution of this embodiment also optimizes the structural design of the air inlet cavity 202 and the annular seam outlet 7; the cross-section formed by the air inlet cavity 202 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 is composed of contour lines, and the cross-section gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, thereby achieving a smooth transition of the airflow and reducing the flow loss of the airflow; the annular seam outlet 7 is set as two parallel lines to stabilize the outlet airflow and further reduce the formation of turbulence.

[0034] Specifically, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the number of air inlet holes 201 is set to three, and they are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and the gas flow rate provided by each air inlet hole 201 is equal; this design can ensure that the gas enters evenly from all directions, reduce the local high-pressure area caused by single-point high-flow air intake, and achieve pressure balance in the entire cavity; at the same time, according to the size of the air storage cavity, the number of air inlets can be reselected to achieve the best airflow distribution effect.

[0035] Furthermore, in the technical solution of this embodiment, the left plane of the guide vane 6 is tangent to the air inlet 201, and the contour line parameters of the guide vane 201 are precisely calculated to ensure a smooth transition and uniform distribution of the airflow; at the same time, parameters such as the width, length and injection angle of the annular gap outlet 7 can also be adjusted according to actual needs to optimize the atomization effect.

[0036] Through the above technical scheme, the atomizing nozzle provided in this embodiment can significantly improve the airflow characteristics, enhance the uniformity and stability of the airflow in the cavity, thereby improving the quality and uniformity of the atomized powder; compared with the prior art, the atomizing nozzle of this embodiment has a better atomization effect and higher system stability, providing a new solution for the preparation of metal powder.

[0037] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiments 1 and 2, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 This embodiment provides an aerosol nozzle for preparing metal powder, including an upper cover 1, an air inlet disk 2, a base 3, an air inlet pipe 4, a sealing gasket 5, a guide vane 6 and an annular gap outlet 7, and the specific structure is described as follows.

[0038] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 The upper cover 1, the air inlet disk 2 and the base 3 are coaxially arranged to ensure the stability of the airflow and the metal liquid flow; a metal liquid flow channel 101 is vertically arranged in the middle of the upper cover 1, and the channel is used for the metal molten fluid to flow from top to bottom; the upper cover 1 and the air inlet disk 2 cooperate to form an air inlet cavity 201 and an annular seam outlet 7, and the air inlet channel takes in air circumferentially along the air inlet cavity 201 to achieve uniform distribution of airflow.

[0039] The base 3 is provided with three grooves at equal angles along the circumference, with a groove width of 20 mm, for placing the air inlet pipe 4; the diameter of the air inlet pipe 4 is set to 5-15 mm to meet the requirements of different pressures and flows; the base 3 is also provided with six stepped holes along the circumference for fixing with the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts to ensure the stable installation of the nozzle.

[0040] See also Figure 3 The air inlet disk 2 is provided with three stepped air inlet holes 202, which are connected to the air inlet pipe 4 and are distributed at equal angles along the circumference of the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2; the air outlet end of the air inlet hole 202 is located on the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2, and is tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 at point P1, so that the high-pressure gas can enter tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow; the diameter d3 of the air inlet hole 202 is set to 510mm, and the distance L3 between the air inlet hole step and the tangent point P1 is set to 2540mm. In the present embodiment, d3 is preferably 6mm, and L3 is preferably 30mm.

[0041] In order to guide the airflow direction and reduce the mutual interference of airflow at adjacent air inlets, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 In this embodiment, three guide blades 6 are arranged at equal angles on the inner wall of the air intake disk 2; the guide blade 6 is fixed with the trapezoidal groove 203 on the inner wall of the air intake disk 2 through the trapezoidal boss thereon; the left plane end of the guide blade 6 is tangent to the air intake hole 202, that is, the P2-P3 contour line is located on the extension line of the right contour line of the air intake hole; the distance between the center of the contour line of the guide blade P2-P4 and the center of the upper cover is L2, the outer diameter of the air intake cavity and the radius of the P3-P4 contour line are both R1, and the radius R2 of the contour line of the guide blade P2-P4 satisfies R2=R1-L2; in this embodiment, L2 and d3 are both set to 510mm, R1 is set to 3550mm, and L2 is equal to d3, and R1 is preferably 40mm.

[0042] The cross-section formed by the air inlet cavity 201 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel is composed of contour lines B1-B4 and contour lines A1-A4; wherein, segments B1-B2, B2-B3 and A1-A2, A3-A4 are set as straight line segments, and A2-A3, B3-B4 are rounded smooth transition segments to achieve smooth transition of airflow and reduce airflow flow losses; the annular seam outlet 7 is set as two parallel lines B4-B5, A4-A5 to stabilize the outlet airflow and reduce turbulence caused by changes in airflow direction; the annular seam outlet width w is set to 0.5~3mm, which can be adjusted according to the thickness of the metal sealing gasket. In the present embodiment, w is preferably 1.5mm; the annular seam outlet section length L1 is set to 3~7mm, and the injection angle θ is set to 10~90°. In the present embodiment, L1 is preferably 5mm, and θ is preferably 60°.

[0043] In order to verify the effect of the present invention, a specific preparation experiment was carried out in this embodiment. Taking the preparation of Stellite 15 cobalt-based alloy powder as an example, the atomizing nozzle was installed in a fixed position of the atomizing system, and a guide tube was installed on the nozzle, and the diameter of the guide tube was 4 mm; a tundish crucible was installed above the nozzle, and the tundish crucible, the guide tube, and the nozzle system were coaxially placed; the materials required for preparing the powder were placed in the smelting crucible above the tundish, totaling 12 kg; the atomizing system was evacuated, and then argon was filled, and the tundish crucible and the smelting crucible were induction heated at the same time; when the first drop of metal droplet flowed out of the atomizing nozzle, atomization began, and the atomizing gas was high-purity argon gas, and the intake pressure was maintained at 5.5 MPa during atomization; after the atomization was completed, the total weight of the powder in the receiving barrel was 10.5 kg, and the obtained powder above 100 mesh (i.e., less than 150 μm) was about 8.7 kg, and the powder yield was 82.8%; the FE-SEM field emission scanning electron microscope photo of the powder was shown in Fig. 9 The powder has good sphericity, uniform particle size distribution, fewer satellite powder particles, and almost no hollow powder particles.

[0044] In the preferred solution, the upper cover 1, the air inlet disk 2 and the base 3 are coaxially arranged, and a sealing design is adopted between the air inlet disk 2 and the upper cover 1; the above arrangement not only ensures the stability of the structure, but also optimizes the air flow channel, so that the air intake efficiency is significantly improved; a sealing design is adopted between the air inlet disk 2 and the upper cover 1 to effectively prevent gas leakage, and the base 3 firmly supports the overall structure and enhances durability.

[0045] In the preferred scheme, three stepped air inlet holes 202 are arranged at equal angles on the air inlet disk 2, and the air outlet ends of the air inlet holes 202 are arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 and are tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2; the above arrangement can ensure that the air is evenly distributed during the air intake process, reduce eddy currents and turbulence, and improve the air intake efficiency; at the same time, the tangent air outlet end design further optimizes the air flow path, allowing the air to enter the next stage in a smoother manner, thereby enhancing the overall power performance.

[0046] In the preferred scheme, the outlet end of the air inlet hole 202 is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2 and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2, so that the air inlet channel is tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk 2, and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity to form a rotating airflow; the above arrangement can make full use of the principles of gas dynamics, enhance the mixing and diffusion efficiency of the airflow in the air storage cavity, and at the same time reduce the direct impact of the gas on the air inlet disk 2, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the overall working efficiency.

[0047] In the preferred solution, the number of the air inlet holes 202 is three, and the three air inlet holes 202 are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and the gas flow rate provided by each air inlet hole 202 is equal; the above setting ensures that the air is evenly distributed when entering the equipment, effectively reduces eddy currents and resistance, improves the gas flow efficiency and the stability of equipment operation, and at the same time, equal gas flow distribution also extends the service life of each component.

[0048] In the preferred solution, the left plane of the guide blade 6 is tangent to the air inlet hole 202, the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide blade 6, and the radius of the inner contour line of the guide blade 6 is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity 201 and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide blade 6 and the center of the upper cover; the above arrangement ensures that the airflow can flow smoothly along the contour line of the guide blade 6 after passing through the air inlet hole 202, reduces eddy currents and energy losses, improves aerodynamic efficiency, and at the same time ensures the compactness and stability of the structure.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the cross-section formed by the air inlet cavity 201 along the central axis of the liquid flow channel 101 includes a set of contour lines, and the cross-section of the air inlet cavity 201 gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, and adopts a rounded corner for a smooth transition; the above arrangement can effectively reduce the turbulence and resistance of the fluid during the air intake process, improve the smoothness and efficiency of the fluid entering the liquid flow channel 101, and at the same time reduce energy loss, thereby ensuring the stability and efficiency of the system operation.

[0050] In the preferred solution, the air inlet cavity 201 and the upper cover 1 are sealed through an annular step surface and connected by bolts, and a metal sealing gasket 5 is provided on the annular step; the above arrangement ensures a tight connection between the air inlet cavity 201 and the upper cover 1, effectively prevents gas leakage, and improves the overall sealing performance; at the same time, the addition of the metal sealing gasket 5 further enhances the sealing effect and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0051] In the preferred solution, the annular gap outlet 7 is set to two parallel lines, the annular gap outlet width is set to 0.5~3mm, the annular gap outlet section length is set to 3~7mm, and the injection angle is set to 10~90°; the above settings are intended to optimize airflow distribution, reduce turbulence effects, and improve combustion efficiency and stability; at the same time, by adjusting the injection angle, the flame morphology can be flexibly controlled to meet the combustion requirements under different working conditions.

[0052] In the preferred solution, the base 3 is provided with grooves at equal angles along the circumference for placing the air inlet pipe 4, and the base 3 is also provided with stepped holes along the circumference for fixing with the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts; the above arrangement effectively ensures the stable installation and positioning of the air inlet pipe 4, and at the same time, the design of the stepped holes not only facilitates the firm connection between the base 3 and the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber, but also improves the sealing and stability of the overall structure, laying a solid foundation for the smooth progress of the smelting process.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the atomizing nozzle is suitable for the preparation of metal powder, especially for the preparation of metal powder with good sphericity and uniform particle size distribution by gas atomization. The above setting ensures the high performance of the powder in subsequent processing, such as improving the density and strength of 3D printed parts, while reducing defects, and meeting the stringent requirements for high-quality metal powder in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, etc.

[0054] In summary, the present invention provides a gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake, which solves the problems in the existing metal powder manufacturing field, especially in the process of preparing metal powder by gas atomization, such as disordered air flow distribution and unbalanced pressure in the air storage chamber of the atomizing nozzle, and unsatisfactory atomization effect, low efficiency and inconsistent powder quality caused by disordered, uneven and unbalanced air flow distribution; the circumferential air intake design of the present invention is different from the traditional method of air intake with two air intake pipes facing the central axis of the spray disc. The scheme adopts a circumferential air intake channel design to make the gas entering the nozzle form a vortex flow. This design not only improves the air flow characteristics, but also The uniformity and stability of the airflow in the cavity are enhanced; the three air inlets distributed at medium angles and the setting of the guide vanes in the scheme ensure that the gas enters evenly from all directions, reducing the local high-pressure area caused by single-point high-flow air intake, and achieving pressure balance in the entire cavity. At the same time, the guide vanes effectively guide the airflow direction and reduce the mutual interference between the airflows of adjacent air inlets; the optimized air inlet cavity and annular seam outlet structure, the cross-section formed by the air inlet cavity along the central axis of the liquid flow channel gradually shrinks, and the annular seam outlet is set as two parallel lines, which makes the outlet airflow stable and reduces the turbulence caused by the change of airflow direction. This design further improves The stability and uniformity of the airflow; the innovative airflow control method, through the circumferential air intake, the air intake ports distributed at equal angles and the setting of the guide vanes, realizes the effective control of the airflow, so that the airflow forms a rotating flow inside the nozzle, thereby improving the atomization efficiency and the uniformity of the droplet particle size; the optimized structural design, the optimized design of the air intake cavity and the annular seam outlet, not only realizes the smooth transition and stable outlet of the airflow, but also reduces the airflow loss and turbulence, and further improves the atomization effect; the atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention can significantly improve the quality and consistency of the powder when preparing metal powder, reduce the generation of satellite powder, and the powder The sphericity is good and the particle size distribution is uniform. This technical effect has significant advantages and application value in the field of metal powder manufacturing. While improving production efficiency, the present invention also reduces energy consumption and production costs, providing a new solution for the industrial production of metal powder, and is expected to promote technological progress and industrial upgrading in related industries. In addition, the easy-to-maintain design of the atomizing nozzle ensures long-term operational reliability, reduces downtime, and further improves the overall efficiency of the production line. Its innovative design concept and excellent performance have set a new benchmark for the metal powder manufacturing industry, leading the industry to develop in a more efficient and environmentally friendly direction.

Claims

1. A gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper cover (1), an air inlet disk (2) and a base (3), wherein the upper cover (1) cooperates with the air inlet disk (2) to form an air inlet cavity (201) and an annular seam outlet (7) which are connected to an air inlet channel, and the air inlet channel inlets air along the circumferential direction of the air inlet cavity (201); three guide vanes (6) are provided at equal angles along the circumference of the lower end of the upper cover (1), and the guide vanes (6) are tangent to the air inlet holes (202); a metal liquid flow channel (101) is provided at the center of the upper cover (1) and passes through the lower end surface of the base (3); the base (3) is grooved for accommodating an air inlet pipe (4) and fixing an atomizing nozzle in the smelting chamber, and the guide vanes (6) are fixedly engaged with the trapezoidal grooves (203) on the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2) through the trapezoidal boss.

2. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover (1), the air inlet disk (2) and the base (3) are coaxially arranged, and a sealing design is adopted between the air inlet disk 2 and the upper cover 1.

3. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 2, characterized in that: Three stepped air inlet holes (202) are arranged at equal angles on the air inlet disk (2); the air outlet ends of the air inlet holes (202) are arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2) and are tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2).

4. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air outlet end of the air inlet hole (202) is arranged on the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2) and is arranged circumferentially along the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2), so that the air inlet channel is tangent to the inner wall of the air inlet disk (2), and the high-pressure gas enters tangentially along the inner wall of the air storage cavity, forming a rotating airflow.

5. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the air inlet holes (202) is three, the three air inlet holes (202) are distributed at equal angles along the circumference, and each air inlet hole (202) provides an equal gas flow rate.

6. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left plane of the guide vane (6) is tangent to the air inlet hole (202), the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity (201) is equal to the radius of the outer contour line of the guide vane (6), and the radius of the inner contour line of the guide vane (6) is equal to the difference between the outer diameter of the air inlet cavity (201) and the distance between the center of the inner contour line of the guide vane (6) and the center of the upper cover.

7. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross section of the air inlet cavity (201) formed along the central axis of the liquid flow channel (101) includes a group of contour lines. The cross section of the air inlet cavity (201) gradually shrinks from the periphery to the center, and adopts a rounded corner for smooth transition.

8. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air inlet cavity (201) and the upper cover (1) are sealed via an annular step surface and connected using bolts, with a metal sealing gasket (5) being provided on the annular step.

9. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 8, characterized in that: The annular gap outlet (7) is arranged to form two parallel lines, the annular gap outlet width is arranged to be 0.5-3 mm, the annular gap outlet section length is arranged to be 3-7 mm, and the spray angle is arranged to be 10-90°.

10. The gas swirl atomizing nozzle with circumferential air intake according to claim 9, characterized in that: The base (3) is provided with grooves at equal angles along the circumference for accommodating the air inlet pipe (4). The base (3) is also provided with stepped holes along the circumference for fixing to the bottom plate of the inner cavity of the smelting chamber by bolts.

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