Machining method for large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aeronautical manufacturing, and discloses a large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure part machining method. The manufacturing method is provided for machining and anti-deformation control of the large-size and high-precision part with the annular deep cavity structure on the inner side of the TC18 material titanium alloy forge piece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aviation manufacturing, and in particular relates to a method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts. Background Art

[0002] The titanium alloy turntable transition piece is the main load-bearing key part connecting the cover body and the aircraft body. It is a side wall annular deep cavity structure and is the largest TC18 material titanium alloy forging in China so far, with extremely high manufacturing precision. The large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure part processing technology provides a processing and anti-deformation control method for manufacturing such large-sized and high-precision titanium alloy inner annular deep cavity structure parts. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical problem solved by the invention: The invention provides a method for processing large-scale titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structural parts, and provides a manufacturing method for the processing and anti-deformation control of large-size, high-precision TC18 material titanium alloy forging inner side annular deep cavity structural parts.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0005] A method for processing a large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure part, the processing method comprising:

[0006] 1) Check the shape and size of the parts, and require the flatness to be no greater than 0.5mm;

[0007] 2) Milling the upper and lower surfaces and reference edges of parts;

[0008] 3) Roughly machine the inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, leaving a 3mm margin;

[0009] 4) Leave the parts to stand naturally for more than 48 hours;

[0010] 5) Grind the edges of parts and remove burrs;

[0011] 6) Measure the deformation of parts;

[0012] 7) Milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling the reference holes;

[0013] 8) For semi-finished parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, the allowance is 1mm;

[0014] 9) Grind the edges of parts and remove burrs;

[0015] 10) Measure the deformation of parts;

[0016] 11) Stress relief annealing to eliminate stress on parts;

[0017] 12) Measure the deformation of parts;

[0018] 13) Milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling reference holes;

[0019] 14) Finishing of inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves;

[0020] 15) Semi-finish the leg assembly surface, leaving a margin of 0.5mm;

[0021] 16) Leave the parts to stand naturally for more than 48 hours;

[0022] 17) Processing matching surface precision holes and CNC boring reference holes;

[0023] 18) Fine-machine the supporting leg mating surface of the parts and make the supporting leg mating surface precision holes;

[0024] 19) Fitter: Grinding the edges of parts and removing burrs;

[0025] 20) Parts measurement.

[0026] Furthermore, in 7), the design principles for milling datum holes are: ① the principle of datum coincidence, the newly added process datum should coincide with the design datum and assembly datum; ② the principle of identical datum, all surface processing uses the same precision datum; ③ the principle of mutual datum, the datum is repeatedly processed using mutual datums.

[0027] Further, before 1), the method further comprises:

[0028] According to the design model of the parts and the spindle size of the processing equipment, a mathematical analysis model is established to verify the feasibility of the collision and interference problem on a theoretical basis; specifically including:

[0029] 1) Build a 1:1 digital dynamic model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, use CATIA software to dynamically simulate the programmed tool path, and verify the correctness and feasibility of the processing tool path;

[0030] 2) Build a 1:1 digital simulation model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, and use VERICUT simulation software to simulate the G code generated by the programmed tool path;

[0031] 3) Arrange trial processing of simulated parts to verify the safety and reliability of processing equipment and processing codes in the actual processing process.

[0032] Furthermore, in the method, the tool is selected to have a tool rod with anti-vibration function; the principle of "separate long and short tools" is adopted during processing, first using a shorter tool to process the upper part of the groove cavity, then using a longer tool to process the middle part of the groove cavity, and finally using a long tool to process the bottom of the groove cavity. The three types of tools use three different processing parameters to ensure the processing quality of the parts.

[0033] Furthermore, the tool specifications used for the reference surfaces in 2) and 13) are spindle-type disc milling cutters, the cutter head specifications are Φ80 and Φ63 cutter discs, and the blade specifications are R8 and R6 blades.

[0034] Furthermore, the tool specifications used for 3) medium and rough machining are: shock-resistant milling cutter bar or alloy cutter bar, the cutter head specifications are Φ32, Φ25 indexable milling cutter head, and the blade specifications are R1.8, R0.2 blades.

[0035] Furthermore, 3) the specification of the fast feed short tool used in the medium roughing is Φ32R1.8H100, the cutting depth is 1mm, the cutting width is 22mm, the cutting speed is 800-1000mm / min, the spindle speed is 650r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5;

[0036] The specification of the fast feed medium tool is Φ32R1.8H140, the cutting depth is 0.7mm, the cutting width is 14mm, the cutting speed is 500-800mm / min, the spindle speed is 450r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5;

[0037] The specification of the fast feed long tool is Φ32R1.8H200, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 200-400mm / min, the spindle speed is 320r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5.

[0038] Furthermore, the tool specifications used for semi-finishing and finishing in 8) and 14) are shock-resistant milling cutter arbors or alloy cutter arbors, the cutter head specifications are Φ32, Φ25 indexable milling cutter heads, and the blade specifications are R3 blades.

[0039] Further, the square shoulder milling cutter used for semi-finishing and finishing in 8) and 14) has a specification of Φ25R3H100, a cutting depth of 1 mm, a cutting width of 6 mm, a cutting speed of 500-700 mm / min, a spindle speed of 500 r / min, and a tool tooth number of 3;

[0040] The specification of the square shoulder milling cutter is Φ25R3H140, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 300-300mm / min, the spindle speed is 400r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 3;

[0041] The specifications of the square shoulder milling long tool are Φ25R3H200, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 150-300mm / min, the spindle speed is 300r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 3.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structural parts, and provides a manufacturing method for processing and anti-deformation control of large-size, high-precision TC18 material titanium alloy forging inner side annular deep cavity structural parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a processing diagram of a large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure part;

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the design principles of the processing positioning ear pieces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0046] The invention provides a method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts.

[0047] 1. Solutions to the spindle collision during inner ring groove machining: Based on the design digital model and the spindle size of the machining equipment, extract relevant data to establish a mathematical analysis model, and verify the feasibility of the "collision interference" problem on a theoretical basis; build a 1:1 digital dynamic model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the machining equipment, and use CATIA software to dynamically simulate the programmed tool path in combination with the mathematical analysis data to verify the correctness and feasibility of the machining tool path; build a 1:1 digital simulation model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the machining equipment, and use VERICUT simulation software to simulate the G code generated by the programmed tool path; arrange simulated fake parts for trial machining to verify the safety and reliability of the machine tool model and machining code in the actual machining process.

[0048] 2. Measures to ensure high-precision requirements of parts: For parts with high manufacturing precision requirements, semi-finishing steps are set when designing the process plan for the parts. The specific plan is: ① Before finishing the front face and the annular inner and outer groove cavities of the parts, leave a 1mm margin between the inner and outer walls of the planes A, B and C that fit the beam on the turntable and the turntable transition part, and on the transition part; ② Perform natural aging for more than 48 hours to fully release the deformation of the parts; ③ Remove the 1mm margin to ensure the flatness and angle control requirements between the planes.

[0049] 3. Part deformation control measures: The flatness of the supplied blank is required to be guaranteed to be 0.5mm, and the external dimensions are controlled according to the positive difference; the parts processing is divided into steps such as "rough processing-semi-finishing processing" to fully release the part deformation caused by the processing process; after the "rough processing" process and the "heat treatment" process of the parts, the part status inspection requirements are added respectively, and the three-coordinate measuring machine is used for measurement and the data is recorded. After sorting and analyzing the measurement data, the cutting allowance of the subsequent process of the parts is reasonably arranged, and efforts are made to minimize or even eliminate the deformation of the parts during the cutting process.

[0050] 4. Parts processing plan: 1) In order to solve the problem of excessive overhang of the tool when processing the inner and outer annular cavities of parts, the tool holder with anti-vibration function is preferred. The principle of "separate long and short tools" is adopted during processing. First, the upper part of the groove cavity is processed with a shorter tool, followed by the middle part of the groove cavity with a longer tool, and finally the bottom of the groove cavity is processed with a long tool. Three processing parameters are used for the three types of tools to ensure the processing quality of the parts; 2) The tool holder with anti-vibration function is used for the tool with longer overhang. According to the part structure, the rough processing of the part adopts a Φ32 fast feed head milling cutter, and the fine processing adopts Φ32 and Φ25 square shoulder milling cutters. See the processing procedures. Figure 1 .

[0051] Specifically, the present invention provides a method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts, and provides a manufacturing method for processing and anti-deformation control of large-size, high-precision TC18 material titanium alloy forging inner annular deep cavity structure parts. The specific steps are as follows:

[0052] Step 1: Solution to spindle collision during inner ring groove machining

[0053] According to the part design digital model and the spindle size of the processing equipment, relevant data is extracted to establish a mathematical analysis model, and the feasibility of the "collision interference" problem is verified on a theoretical basis;

[0054] 1) Build a 1:1 digital dynamic model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, use CATIA software to dynamically simulate the programmed tool path, and verify the correctness and feasibility of the processing tool path;

[0055] 2) Build a 1:1 digital simulation model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, and use VERICUT simulation software to simulate the G code generated by the programmed tool path;

[0056] 3) Arrange trial processing of simulated parts to verify the safety and reliability of processing equipment and processing codes in the actual processing process.

[0057] Step 2: Ensure high precision requirements of parts and prevent deformation

[0058] 1) For parts with high manufacturing precision requirements, when designing the process plan for the parts, the parts are processed in the steps of "rough machining-semi-finishing" to fully release the deformation of the parts caused by the processing; the specific plan is: ① Before the parts are finished on the front and the inner and outer annular grooves, the assembly mating surfaces of the turntable transition parts (parts) are rough-machined to leave a 1mm margin respectively; ② Natural aging is carried out for more than 48 hours to fully release the deformation of the parts; ③ The 1mm margin is removed to ensure the flatness and angle control requirements between planes.

[0059] 2) After the "rough machining" process and the "heat treatment" process of the parts, add part status inspection requirements, use a three-coordinate measuring machine to measure, and record the data. After sorting and analyzing the measurement data, reasonably arrange the cutting allowance of the parts in the subsequent processes, and strive to minimize or even eliminate the deformation of the parts during the cutting process.

[0060] 3) Design principles for process positioning lugs: ① The principle of datum coincidence. The newly added process datum should coincide with the design datum and assembly datum to avoid introducing new positioning errors due to datum misalignment; ② The principle of identical datum. All surface processing uses the same precision datum; ③ The principle of mutual datum. In order to obtain higher position accuracy, the method of repeatedly processing datums with mutual datums is adopted.

[0061] Step 3: Select machining tools

[0062] 1) In order to solve the problem of excessive overhang of the tool for the inner and outer annular cavities of the machined parts, the tool holder with anti-vibration function is preferred. The principle of "separate long and short tools" is adopted during processing. First, the upper part of the groove cavity is processed with a shorter tool, then the middle part of the groove cavity is processed with a longer tool, and finally the bottom of the groove cavity is processed with a long tool. The three types of tools use three different processing parameters to ensure the processing quality of the parts;

[0063] 2) Tools with longer overhangs use tool holders with anti-vibration functions. According to the part structure, the specific tool types for part processing are shown in the table below.

[0064]

[0065] Step 4: Processing parameter selection

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] Step 5: The final processing process arrangement is shown in Figure 1 .

[0069] 1) Rough inspection: Check the shape and size of the parts, and require the flatness of the blank to be no greater than 0.5mm;

[0070] 2) CNC milling: milling the upper and lower surfaces and reference edges of the blank;

[0071] 3) CNC milling: rough machining of the inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, leaving a 3mm margin;

[0072] 4) Natural aging: The parts are left naturally for more than 48 hours;

[0073] 5) Fitter: grinding the edges of parts and removing burrs;

[0074] 6) Deformation measurement: measuring the deformation of parts

[0075] 7) CNC milling: milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling reference holes;

[0076] 8) CNC milling: semi-finishing the inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, leaving a 1mm margin;

[0077] 9) Fitter: Grinding the edges of parts and removing burrs;

[0078] 10) Deformation measurement: measuring the deformation of parts;

[0079] 11) Heat treatment: stress relief annealing to eliminate stress on parts

[0080] 12) Deformation measurement: measuring the deformation of parts;

[0081] 13) CNC milling: milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling reference holes;

[0082] 14) CNC milling: finishing the inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves

[0083] 15) CNC milling: semi-finishing the leg assembly surface, leaving a margin of 0.5mm;

[0084] 16) Natural aging: The parts are left naturally for more than 48 hours;

[0085] 17) CNC milling: machining matching surface precision holes, CNC boring reference holes

[0086] 18) CNC milling: fine-machine the supporting leg mating surface of the parts and make the supporting leg mating surface precision holes;

[0087] 19) Fitter: Grinding the edges of parts and removing burrs;

[0088] 20) Parts measurement.

[0089] 7) The design principles of milling datum holes are: ① the principle of datum coincidence, the newly added process datum should coincide with the design datum and assembly datum; ② the principle of identical datum, all surface processing uses the same precision datum; ③ the principle of mutual datum, the datum is repeatedly processed using mutual datum.

[0090] Before performing the process, the method further comprises:

[0091] According to the design model of the parts and the spindle size of the processing equipment, a mathematical analysis model is established to verify the feasibility of the "collision interference" problem on a theoretical basis; specifically including:

[0092] 1) Build a 1:1 digital dynamic model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, use CATIA software to dynamically simulate the programmed tool path, and verify the correctness and feasibility of the processing tool path;

[0093] 2) Build a 1:1 digital simulation model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, and use VERICUT simulation software to simulate the G code generated by the programmed tool path;

[0094] 3) Arrange trial processing of simulated parts to verify the safety and reliability of processing equipment and processing codes in the actual processing process.

[0095] In the process, the tool is selected to have a tool holder with anti-vibration function; the principle of "separate long and short tools" is adopted during processing. First, the upper part of the groove cavity is processed with a shorter tool, and then the middle part of the groove cavity is processed with a longer tool. Finally, the bottom of the groove cavity is processed with a long tool. The three types of tools use three different processing parameters to ensure the processing quality of the parts.

[0096] 2) The tool specifications used for the reference surface in 13) are: the first row in the table above;

[0097] 3) The tool specifications used for rough machining are: the second row in the table above, from bottom to top, are short knife, medium knife, long knife;

[0098] 3) The tool parameters used for medium roughing are shown in the first three rows of the table below;

[0099] 8) The tool specifications used for semi-finishing and finishing in 14) are the third row in the above table;

[0100] 8) The tool parameters used for semi-finishing and finishing in 14) are shown in the fourth to sixth rows of the table below;

[0101] 17)18) The hole making parameters are shown in the last two rows of the following table;

[0102] The machining parameters of the tool are shown in the following table:

[0103]

[0104]

[0105] The present invention provides a method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structural parts. According to the structural characteristics of product parts and the existing equipment models and performance, the method provides a manufacturing method for processing and anti-deformation control of large-size, high-precision TC18 material titanium alloy forging inner annular deep cavity structural parts.

Claims

1. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts, characterized in that: The processing method comprises: 1) Check the shape and size of the parts, and require the flatness to be no greater than 0.5mm; 2) Milling the upper and lower surfaces and reference edges of parts; 3) Roughly machine the inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, leaving a 3mm margin; 4) Leave the parts to stand naturally for more than 48 hours; 5) Grind the edges of parts and remove burrs; 6) Measure the deformation of parts; 7) Milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling the reference holes; 8) For semi-finished parts, inner and outer ring grooves and leg assembly surfaces, the allowance is 1mm; 9) Grind the edges of parts and remove burrs; 10) Measure the deformation of parts; 11) Stress relief annealing to eliminate stress on parts; 12) Measure the deformation of parts; 13) Milling the upper and lower surfaces of parts and milling reference holes; 14) Finishing of inner and outer shapes of parts, inner and outer ring grooves; 15) Semi-finish the leg assembly surface, leaving a margin of 0.5mm; 16) Leave the parts to stand naturally for more than 48 hours; 17) Processing matching surface precision holes and CNC boring reference holes; 18) Fine-machine the supporting leg mating surface of the parts and make the supporting leg mating surface precision holes; 19) Fitter: Grinding the edges of parts and removing burrs; 20) Parts measurement.

2. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: 7) In the design principle of milling reference hole: ① The principle of reference coincidence, the newly added process reference should coincide with the design reference and assembly reference; ② The same datum principle, all surface processing uses the same precision datum; ③ The mutual benchmark principle, adopting the method of repeatedly processing benchmarks with mutual benchmarks.

3. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before 1), the method further includes: According to the design model of the parts and the spindle size of the processing equipment, a mathematical analysis model is established to verify the feasibility of the collision and interference problem on a theoretical basis; specifically including: 1) Build a 1:1 digital dynamic model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, use CATIA software to dynamically simulate the programmed tool path, and verify the correctness and feasibility of the processing tool path; 2) Build a 1:1 digital simulation model of the machine tool according to the parameters of the processing equipment, and use VERICUT simulation software to simulate the G code generated by the programmed tool path; 3) Arrange trial processing of simulated parts to verify the safety and reliability of processing equipment and processing codes in the actual processing process.

4. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the method, a tool holder with anti-vibration function is selected as the tool; during processing, the principle of "separate long and short tools" is adopted, firstly, the upper part of the groove cavity is processed with a shorter tool, then the middle part of the groove cavity is processed with a longer tool, and finally the bottom of the groove cavity is processed with a long tool. The three types of tools use three types of processing parameters respectively to ensure the processing quality of parts.

5. The method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool specifications used for the reference surfaces in 2) and 13) are spindle-type disc milling cutters, the cutter head specifications are Φ80 and Φ63 cutter discs, and the blade specifications are R8 and R6 blades.

6. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3) The tool specifications used for medium and rough machining are: shock-resistant milling cutter bar or alloy cutter bar, the cutter head specifications are Φ32, Φ25 indexable milling cutter head, and the blade specifications are R1.8, R0.2 blades.

7. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: 3) The specification of the fast feed short tool used for medium roughing is Φ32R1.8H100, the cutting depth is 1mm, the cutting width is 22mm, the cutting speed is 800-1000mm / min, the spindle speed is 650r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5; The specification of the fast feed medium tool is Φ32R1.8H140, the cutting depth is 0.7mm, the cutting width is 14mm, the cutting speed is 500-800mm / min, the spindle speed is 450r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5; The specification of the fast feed long tool is Φ32R1.8H200, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 200-400mm / min, the spindle speed is 320r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 5.

8. The method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool specifications used for semi-finishing and finishing in 8) and 14) are shock-resistant milling cutter arbor or alloy arbor, the cutter head specifications are Φ32, Φ25 indexable milling cutter heads, and the blade specifications are R3 blades.

9. A method for processing large titanium alloy side wall deep cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The square shoulder milling cutter used for semi-finishing and finishing in 8) and 14) is Φ25R3H100, with a cutting depth of 1 mm, a cutting width of 6 mm, a cutting speed of 500-700 mm / min, a spindle speed of 500 r / min, and a tool tooth number of 3; The specification of the square shoulder milling cutter is Φ25R3H140, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 300-300mm / min, the spindle speed is 400r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 3; The specifications of the square shoulder milling long tool are Φ25R3H200, the cutting depth is 0.5mm, the cutting width is 6mm, the cutting speed is 150-300mm / min, the spindle speed is 300r / min, and the number of tool teeth is 3.

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