A low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment, relating to the field of low-temperature evaporation technology. Based on the fundamental principle of low-temperature wastewater evaporation, the device optimizes the wastewater circulation process. Specifically, it utilizes a set of fixed and movable cone caps to form a laminar flow circulation pattern for the wastewater, further restricting the relative positions of the fixed and movable cone caps inside the evaporation vessel. This creates a relatively independent and "closed" laminar flow chamber inside the evaporation vessel. The purpose of this is to more directly control the vacuum level in the laminar flow chamber, thereby promoting the low-temperature evaporation process. Furthermore, during operation, the wastewater circulation is controlled by utilizing the influence between the vacuum level in each laminar flow chamber and the corresponding wastewater pressure. The essence of this is to maintain the sustainability and stability of the low-temperature evaporation process without directly relating it to the solute concentration in the wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-temperature evaporation technology, and more specifically to a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment. Background Technology

[0002] The essence of low-temperature evaporation technology for wastewater treatment is to evaporate water vapor from wastewater at a low temperature and condense it into pure water, while retaining pollutants in the wastewater. Specifically, it mainly uses a low-temperature evaporator, as disclosed in CN113289358A. Its essence is to utilize the change in the boiling point of water under negative pressure. The greater the negative pressure, the lower the boiling point. For example, under a vacuum of approximately -96 kPa, the boiling point of water is 33°C.

[0003] It should be noted that the concentration of organic matter and other solutes in wastewater is difficult to measure directly and in real time. During operation, if the water content in the wastewater is high and the solute concentration is low, the evaporation time needs to be extended to increase the evaporation concentration rate. Conversely, if the water content in the wastewater is low and the solute concentration is high, the evaporation time should not be extended. As shown above, because the solute concentration in the wastewater is unstable, it is difficult to control the relevant parameters during operation. For example, insufficient evaporation time may result in a low evaporation rate. This application proposes a solution to this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment. In the current low-temperature evaporation process for wastewater, it is difficult to directly measure and control the solute concentration in the wastewater in real time during conventional operation, and the evaporation rate of wastewater is affected by the difference in evaporation time during operation.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment, comprising an evaporation kettle, a condensation assembly, a steam pipe and a pressure pipe, wherein a laminar flow assembly is provided inside the evaporation kettle and an external circulation assembly is provided outside the evaporation kettle, wherein the laminar flow assembly comprises a central pipe, a movable cone cap and a fixed cone cap, wherein the movable cone cap is located on the lower side of the fixed cone cap;

[0006] The central tube is arranged vertically, and the fixed cone cap and the movable cone cap are arranged on the central tube and are arranged linearly at equal intervals. The central tube has a lower flow port and an upper flow port at the positions corresponding to the fixed cone cap and the movable cone cap. The upper and lower ends of the central tube are equipped with baffle plates, and the central tube is equipped with a partition plate at the position corresponding to the fixed cone cap.

[0007] The baffle plate and the partition plate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator. The upper and lower positions of the baffle plate inside the evaporator are respectively set as a flow retention chamber and a reflux chamber. The positions between adjacent partition plates inside the evaporator are set as laminar flow chambers. The input and output ends of the external circulation component are connected to the reflux chamber and the flow retention chamber, respectively.

[0008] The steam pipe is further configured such that one end is mounted on the condensation assembly and the other end is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber; one end of the pressure pipe is connected to a pressure assembly and the other end is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber; and a pressure sensor is installed on the steam pipe at the position corresponding to the laminar flow chamber.

[0009] The configuration is further defined as follows: the movable cone cap is slidably connected to the central tube, the fixed cone cap is fixedly connected to the central tube, the cross-section of the movable cone cap is inverted conical, and the cross-section of the fixed cone cap is conical.

[0010] A further configuration includes: a connecting spring between the movable cone cap and the fixed cone cap, and a breathable membrane installed on the partition plate.

[0011] The configuration is further defined as follows: the upper diameter of the movable cone cap is greater than the lower diameter of the fixed cone cap, and the upper diameter of the movable cone cap decreases at equal intervals from top to bottom; the upper diameter of the movable cone cap is smaller than the inner diameter of the evaporator.

[0012] Further configured as follows: a water-blocking sleeve is installed inside the central tube at the middle position corresponding to the fixed cone cap and the movable cone cap. The cross-section of the water-blocking sleeve is bidirectional conical. The position of the upper outlet corresponds to the upper inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve, and the position of the lower outlet corresponds to the lower inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve. A pressure sensor is installed inside the water-blocking sleeve.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The overall structure is based on the basic principle of low-temperature evaporation of wastewater. The wastewater circulation process is optimized and improved. This is manifested in the setting of multiple sets of fixed cones and movable cones. By restricting the setting position of the fixed cones and movable cones, a relatively independent and "closed" laminar flow chamber is formed. The purpose is that the low-temperature evaporation process takes place in the laminar flow chamber. Therefore, the low-temperature evaporation process can be promoted by directly controlling the vacuum degree in the laminar flow chamber. The overall low-temperature evaporation process is maintained by controlling the "small area".

[0015] 2. In conjunction with the above, it should also be noted that: the overall process is mainly used to detect the vacuum level in the laminar flow chamber and the corresponding pressure of the wastewater in the laminar flow chamber. The changes and fluctuations in the vacuum level and pressure are used to provide feedback on the low-temperature evaporation process. The overall process does not require direct measurement of the solute concentration in the wastewater. More specifically, based on the fluctuations in the vacuum level and pressure, the interaction between the two values ​​is used to control the wastewater circulation, thereby maintaining the sustainability and stability of the low-temperature evaporation process. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator in a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a split view of the laminar flow component in a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the evaporator in a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the central tube of a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of part A in a low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment proposed in this invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Evaporator; 101. Flow retention chamber; 102. Reflux chamber; 103. Laminar flow chamber; 2. Condensation assembly; 3. Pressure pipe; 4. External circulation assembly; 5. Steam pipe; 501. Pressure sensor; 6. Baffle plate; 7. Separator plate; 8. Pressure sensor; 9. Connecting spring; 10. Movable cone cap; 11. Central pipe; 1101. Downflow port; 1102. Upflow port; 12. Fixed cone cap; 13. Water-blocking sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0025] For current low-temperature wastewater evaporation processes, the solute concentration in the wastewater is difficult to measure directly and in real time during conventional operation. Consequently, the evaporation rate is affected by differences in evaporation time during operation. The following technical solution is proposed to address this issue:

[0026] Reference Figures 1-6 A low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment in this embodiment includes an evaporation kettle 1, a condensation assembly 2, a steam pipe 5, and a pressure pipe 3. The evaporation kettle 1 is equipped with a laminar flow assembly inside and an external circulation assembly 4 is equipped outside the evaporation kettle 1. The laminar flow assembly includes a central pipe 11, a movable cone cap 10, and a fixed cone cap 12. The movable cone cap 10 is located on the lower side of the fixed cone cap 12.

[0027] The central tube 11 is arranged vertically, and the fixed cone cap 12 and the movable cone cap 10 are arranged on the central tube 11. The fixed cone cap 12 and the movable cone cap 10 are arranged linearly and equidistantly. The central tube 11 has a lower outlet 1101 and an upper outlet 1102 at the positions corresponding to the fixed cone cap 12 and the movable cone cap 10. The upper and lower ends of the central tube 11 are equipped with baffle plates 6, and the central tube 11 is equipped with a partition plate 7 at the position corresponding to the fixed cone cap 12.

[0028] The baffle plate 6 and the partition plate 7 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator 1. The upper and lower positions of the baffle plate 6 inside the evaporator 1 are respectively set as the flow retention chamber 101 and the reflux chamber 102. The positions between adjacent partition plates 7 inside the evaporator 1 are set as the laminar flow chamber 103. The input and output ends of the external circulation component 4 are connected to the reflux chamber 102 and the flow retention chamber 101, respectively.

[0029] One end of the steam pipe 5 is installed on the condenser assembly 2, and the other end of the steam pipe 5 is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber 103. One end of the pressure pipe 3 is connected to a pressure assembly, and the other end of the pressure pipe 3 is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber 103. A pressure sensor 501 is installed on the steam pipe 5 at the position corresponding to the laminar flow chamber 103.

[0030] Basic principle: A simple explanation of the low-temperature evaporation process: The boiling point of water decreases under different negative pressure environments, such as... Figure 1As shown in pressure pipe 3, a pressure assembly connected to one end of the pipe performs a vacuuming action inside the evaporator 1, thereby creating a negative pressure environment inside the evaporator 1. Under this environment, wastewater can boil at a low temperature. However, unlike conventional low-temperature evaporators, this embodiment utilizes a laminar flow assembly to create a laminar flow circulation process for the wastewater. Specifically, an external circulation assembly is used to allow wastewater to enter from the upper side of the evaporator 1 and exit from the lower side. Figure 4 As shown, when the wastewater enters the evaporator 1, it flows continuously downward through the central pipe 11. Specifically, the wastewater mainly evaporates in the laminar flow chamber 103, and the water vapor generated by evaporation enters the condensation assembly 2 through the steam pipe 5 to complete the condensation. This can be further understood as the vacuuming action performed by the pressure assembly through the pressure pipe 3 mainly acting in the laminar flow chamber 103. This part is the basic principle of the present invention. Example 2

[0031] This embodiment further explains the laminar flow component in Embodiment 1:

[0032] The movable cone cap 10 is slidably connected to the central tube 11, and the fixed cone cap 12 is fixedly connected to the central tube 11. The cross-section of the movable cone cap 10 is an inverted cone, and the cross-section of the fixed cone cap 12 is a cone. A connecting spring 9 is provided between the movable cone cap 10 and the fixed cone cap 12. A breathable membrane is installed on the partition plate 7. The upper diameter of the movable cone cap 10 is larger than the lower diameter of the fixed cone cap 12, and the upper diameter of the movable cone cap 10 decreases at equal intervals from top to bottom. The upper diameter of the movable cone cap 10 is smaller than the internal diameter of the evaporator 1. A water-blocking sleeve 13 is installed inside the central tube 11 at the middle position corresponding to the fixed cone cap 12 and the movable cone cap 10. The cross-section of the water-blocking sleeve 13 is a bidirectional cone. The upper outlet 1102 is located on the upper inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve 13, and the lower outlet 1101 is located on the lower inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve 13. A pressure sensor 8 is installed inside the water-blocking sleeve 13.

[0033] Based on the basic principles in Embodiment 1, the following solution is described:

[0034] S1: The flow retention chamber 101, laminar flow chamber 103, and reflux chamber 102 formed inside the evaporator 1 are mainly for the flow process of wastewater. Specifically, during the process of injecting wastewater, it is necessary to ensure that the reflux chamber 102 is always completely filled with wastewater, while the flow retention chamber 101 retains a portion of wastewater, but it is necessary to ensure that the wastewater completely fills the central pipe 11. The purpose of this is to ensure that each laminar flow chamber 103 is in a relatively "closed" state, thereby "maintaining" the negative pressure environment in each laminar flow chamber 103, so that the pressure components do not need to work continuously.

[0035] S2: Recombination Figure 4 Explanation: The fixed cone cap 12 is in a fixed state, while the movable cone cap 10 is in a sliding state relative to the central tube 11. In the initial state, the fixed cone cap 12 and the movable cone cap 10 are "closely" together by the elastic potential energy of the connecting spring 9. Then, during the continuous injection of wastewater, the wastewater will also continuously fill the movable cone cap 10 when the central tube 11 is completely filled. When the movable cone cap 10 is completely filled with wastewater, the gravity generated "overcomes" the elastic potential energy of the connecting spring 9 and moves downward. During this process, the wastewater in the uppermost movable cone cap 10 overflows and falls into the next layer of movable cone cap 10 until each movable cone cap 10 is completely filled.

[0036] S3: In conjunction with S2, the essence of low-temperature evaporation of wastewater is to remove the water, thereby continuously reducing the weight of the wastewater in the movable cone 10. Specifically, the wastewater in each layer of the movable cone 10 is continuously concentrated and continuously settles to the bottom layer. It can be understood that the organic matter concentration of the wastewater in the bottom layer of the movable cone 10 is the highest, while "fresh" wastewater is continuously replenished from top to bottom, thereby continuously increasing the organic matter concentration of the wastewater in the movable cone 10 set from top to bottom. Example 3

[0037] This embodiment combines the technical solutions from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and further optimizes and improves the external circulation component therein:

[0038] The present invention sets up the following detection method for the low-temperature evaporation process: specifically, pressure sensor 501 is used to detect the pressure environment in each laminar flow chamber 103, more specifically, pressure sensor 501 is used to detect the vacuum degree in each laminar flow chamber 103, and pressure sensor 8 is used to detect the pressure of wastewater in the central pipe 11, and the following explanation is provided:

[0039] As in S2 and S3 of Example 2, each laminar flow chamber 103 is initially under negative pressure. The water vapor emitted during the evaporation process of the wastewater also "replenishes" the laminar flow chamber 103, thus affecting the pressure environment within each laminar flow chamber 103. Figure 4 As shown, although each laminar flow chamber 103 exists independently, each partition plate 7 is provided with a breathable membrane, thereby ensuring that water vapor in each laminar flow chamber 103 can permeate each other;

[0040] Taking the pressure sensor 8 as an example, its essence is based on the pressure calculation formula. The central tube 11 is understood as a liquid column. Therefore, the wastewater pressure at different positions inside the central tube 11 is only related to the liquid level and the wastewater density. It can be understood that as the water in the wastewater continues to evaporate, the wastewater density continues to increase. The setting position of each pressure sensor 8 corresponds to the movable cone cap 10, and is used to detect the wastewater pressure in each laminar flow chamber 103.

[0041] The following explanation, based on the above two paragraphs, illustrates that the flow of wastewater during the low-temperature evaporation process is mainly controlled by the displayed values ​​of pressure sensor 501 and pressure sensor 8. Specifically, according to the process requirements of low-temperature evaporation of wastewater, the initial value of vacuum K0 in each laminar flow chamber 103 is preset, and the initial value of pressure Q0 in each pressure sensor 8 is recorded in the initial state. In order to ensure that the wastewater completely fills the central pipe 11 and is retained in the flow retention chamber 101, the volume of wastewater injected at one time, V0, is a constant value. Thus, when entering the low-temperature evaporation stage, curves of vacuum degree and pressure value are established for K0 and Q0 respectively. Considering the continuous evaporation process of water in the wastewater, the vacuum degree in laminar flow chamber 103 increases, and the pressure value at each position also increases.

[0042] To reiterate: as water vapor continues to evaporate, the vacuum level in laminar flow chamber 103 becomes insufficient to sustain low-temperature evaporation. Consequently, after reaching a certain vacuum level, the water in the wastewater becomes difficult to evaporate, resulting in a relatively stable vacuum level in each laminar flow chamber 103. Therefore, it can be understood that the pressure assembly needs to be restarted to perform a vacuuming operation in each laminar flow chamber 103 to maintain the vacuum level. However, during this process, the pressure values ​​from each pressure sensor 8 also need to be referenced. The above explanation indicates that after restoring the vacuum level in each laminar flow chamber 103... After the vacuum level is reached, but the pressure values ​​in each pressure sensor 8 are relatively stable or the pressure fluctuation is low, it can be considered that a wastewater replenishment process is needed. However, it should be noted that when replenishing "fresh" wastewater into the flow retention chamber 101, the wastewater in the return chamber 102 also needs to be discharged simultaneously. The purpose of this is to discharge wastewater that cannot maintain water evaporation due to its high concentration. However, it is also necessary to ensure that the laminar flow chamber 103 is in a relatively closed state, and the amount of wastewater discharged and the amount of wastewater replenished are equal, both equal to V0 / (n+1), where n is used to represent the number of movable cone caps 10 set, such as Figure 4 If there are 4 active cone caps 10, then the amount of wastewater replenished in a single instance is V0 / 5.

[0043] In summary, based on the fundamental principle of low-temperature wastewater evaporation, the wastewater circulation process is optimized. Specifically, each set of fixed and movable cones forms a laminar flow circulation pattern for the wastewater. Furthermore, the relative positions of the fixed and movable cones inside the evaporator are restricted, creating relatively independent and "closed" laminar flow chambers within the evaporator. This aims to more directly control the vacuum level within the laminar flow chambers, thereby promoting the low-temperature evaporation process. To reiterate, during operation, the wastewater circulation is controlled by the interaction between the vacuum level in each laminar flow chamber and the corresponding wastewater pressure. The essence of this approach is to maintain the sustainability and stability of the low-temperature evaporation process without directly relating it to the solute concentration in the wastewater.

[0044] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0046] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment, comprising an evaporation vessel (1), a condensation assembly (2), a steam pipe (5), and a pressure pipe (3), characterized in that, The evaporator (1) is equipped with a laminar flow assembly inside and an external circulation assembly (4) is provided outside the evaporator (1). The laminar flow assembly includes a central tube (11), a movable cone cap (10) and a fixed cone cap (12). The movable cone cap (10) is located on the lower side of the fixed cone cap (12). The central tube (11) is arranged vertically, and the fixed cone cap (12) and the movable cone cap (10) are arranged on the central tube (11). The fixed cone cap (12) and the movable cone cap (10) are arranged linearly at equal intervals. The central tube (11) has a lower outlet (1101) and an upper outlet (1102) at the positions corresponding to the fixed cone cap (12) and the movable cone cap (10). The upper and lower ends of the central tube (11) are equipped with baffle plates (6), and the central tube (11) is equipped with a partition plate (7) at the position corresponding to the fixed cone cap (12). The baffle plate (6) and the partition plate (7) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporator (1). The upper and lower positions of the baffle plate (6) inside the evaporator (1) are respectively set as the flow retention chamber (101) and the reflux chamber (102). The positions between the partition plates (7) corresponding to adjacent positions inside the evaporator (1) are set as the laminar flow chamber (103). The input and output ends of the external circulation component (4) are respectively connected to the reflux chamber (102) and the flow retention chamber (101). The movable cone cap (10) is slidably connected to the central tube (11), and the fixed cone cap (12) is fixedly connected to the central tube (11). The cross-section of the movable cone cap (10) is an inverted cone, and the cross-section of the fixed cone cap (12) is a cone. The upper diameter of the movable cone cap (10) is larger than the lower diameter of the fixed cone cap (12), and the upper diameter of the movable cone cap (10) decreases arithmetically from top to bottom. The upper diameter of the movable cone cap (10) is smaller than the diameter of the steam... The internal diameter of the reactor (1) is such that a water-blocking sleeve (13) is installed in the middle position of the fixed cone cap (12) and the movable cone cap (10) inside the central tube (11). The cross-section of the water-blocking sleeve (13) is bidirectional conical. The position of the upper outlet (1102) corresponds to the upper inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve (13), and the position of the lower outlet (1101) corresponds to the lower inclined surface of the water-blocking sleeve (13). A pressure sensor (8) is installed inside the water-blocking sleeve (13).

2. The low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the steam pipe (5) is installed on the condenser assembly (2), and the other end of the steam pipe (5) is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber (103). One end of the pressure pipe (3) is connected to a pressure assembly, and the other end of the pressure pipe (3) is connected to the interior of the laminar flow chamber (103). A pressure sensor (501) is installed on the steam pipe (5) at the position corresponding to the laminar flow chamber (103).

3. The low-temperature evaporation device for wastewater treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting spring (9) is provided between the movable cone cap (10) and the fixed cone cap (12), and a breathable membrane is installed on the partition plate (7).

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