A liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on flexible elastic elements

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrostatic guide rail processing, and discloses an elastic hydrostatic guide rail of a novel structure, comprising: a guide rail base, a moving slider, and a plurality of flexible elastic elements; the guide rail base is continuously provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves along the length direction, forming a plurality of rows parallel to each other; a plurality of oil cavities corresponding to the rectangular grooves are continuously provided along the length direction at the bottom of the moving slider, forming a plurality of rows parallel to each other; an oil drain groove is provided at the bottom of the moving slider, staggered from the oil cavity; an oil circuit is provided in the moving slider, one end of the oil circuit leads to the oil cavity, and the other end leads to an oil supply hole provided on the side of the moving slider. The present invention aims to improve the traditional rigid guide rail design, add flexible elastic elements and a specific structural design to the guide rail, thereby improving the load-bearing capacity and enhancing the oil film stiffness, thereby performing more stably and reliably in various application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrostatic guide rail processing, in particular to a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern manufacturing and automation technology, the requirements for guide systems in mechanical equipment are increasing. Hydrostatic and aerostatic guides have been widely researched and applied in various fields of mechanical engineering. These guides are used in large-scale applications requiring precise motion, as well as in machine tools and small machines requiring high rigidity and precision. Typically, the supporting components of hydrostatic guides are rigid. Traditional guide systems typically use metal materials, a design that has been widely adopted in many applications.

[0003] However, traditional guide rail systems lack flexibility and have some defects. Guide rails are prone to wear throughout the entire application process, especially machine tool guide rails, most of which are made of cast iron, which increases the difficulty of repair. Wear will cause the accuracy of the guide rails to decrease, affecting the operating efficiency and processing quality of the equipment. For example, wear of machine tool guide rails may cause problems such as verticality error, spacing error, local gap and joint step error, which in turn affect the stability and processing accuracy of the equipment. Improper adjustment of the guide rail gap and loosening of the guide plate bolts that fix the guide rails on the guide rail frame may cause vibration and noise of the equipment, affecting the stability of the equipment and the comfort of the operator. Due to high friction and rapid wear, traditional guide rail systems require regular maintenance and servicing, including cleaning, lubrication and replacement of worn parts, which increases maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies in the existing technology, a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on flexible elastic elements is provided to improve the load-bearing capacity and oil film stiffness of the hydrostatic guide rail, so that it performs more stably and reliably in high-load and high-precision application scenarios, and to solve the technical problem of consistency in the motion accuracy of existing hydrostatic guide rails.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A novel elastic static pressure guide rail is characterized in that it comprises: a guide rail base, a moving slider and a plurality of flexible elastic elements; a plurality of rectangular grooves are arranged at intervals on the guide rail base, and the rectangular grooves are arranged along the length direction of the guide rail base to form a plurality of rows parallel to each other, and a plurality of the flexible elastic elements are arranged in the corresponding rectangular grooves; an oil cavity is provided at the bottom of the moving slider corresponding to the rectangular groove; an oil circuit is provided in the moving slider, one end of the oil circuit is connected to the oil cavity, and the other end is connected to the oil supply hole provided on the side of the moving slider.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flexible elastic element is in the shape of a hollow rectangular block surrounded by five sides, each side has a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, and is made of brass.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the flexible elastic element is completely embedded in the rectangular groove when placed therein, with its opening facing the bottom surface of the rectangular groove, and its four surfaces in contact with the four inner wall surfaces of the rectangular groove.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the inner cavity of the flexible elastic element is rectangular.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the oil cavity is a long groove sunken into the moving slider, and both ends of the long groove are arc-shaped.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the concave platform opening of the oil chamber is adapted to the rectangular grooves arranged in the same row.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom center of the moving slider is provided with oil drain grooves along its length and width directions, respectively. The oil drain grooves divide the bottom of the moving slider into several areas, and each area is provided with an oil cavity.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the oil drain groove arranged along the length direction of the moving slider runs through the entire length of the moving slider, and the oil drain groove arranged along the width direction of the moving slider runs through the entire width of the moving slider.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a throttle is provided in the oil supply hole, and the throttle is completely embedded in the oil supply hole when screwed in.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the oil supply hole supplies oil to at least two oil chambers arranged side by side.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] The present invention discloses a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on flexible elastic elements, which adopts a new flexibility theory and aims to improve the traditional rigid guide rail design. By adding flexible elastic elements to the guide rail, combined with the material properties used or through specific structural design, it adapts to deformation and adjusts the distribution of force, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the oil film. The introduction of these flexible elastic elements plays a positive role and significantly improves the overall performance of the guide rail. It not only has a higher bearing capacity, but also enhances the film stiffness, thereby performing more stably and reliably in various application scenarios.

[0018] Furthermore, the flexible elastic element is designed as a hollow rectangular block surrounded by five sides, which can more effectively absorb and disperse the impact and vibration generated by the guide rail during movement, thereby improving the rigidity and stability of the guide rail.

[0019] Furthermore, the flexible elastic element is completely embedded in the rectangular groove, with its opening facing the bottom surface of the rectangular groove and abutting against the four inner side walls of the rectangular groove, which can ensure close contact between the flexible elastic element and the guide rail base, prevent oil leakage, and improve the sealing and durability of the guide rail.

[0020] Furthermore, the cavity of the flexible elastic element is designed to be in a rectangular block shape, which can maintain the stability and uniformity of the flexible elastic element and further improve the load-bearing capacity and movement smoothness of the guide rail.

[0021] Furthermore, the oil chamber is designed as a long groove with arc-shaped ends, which can more effectively accommodate and distribute the oil, improve the uniformity and stability of the oil film, and thus reduce the friction and wear of the guide rail.

[0022] Furthermore, the concave platform opening length of the oil cavity is adapted to the plurality of rectangular grooves in the same row, which can ensure that the oil can flow into each oil cavity evenly, thereby improving the utilization rate of the oil and the lubrication effect of the guide rail.

[0023] Furthermore, the provision of an oil drain groove ensures even distribution of lubricating oil across the bottom of the moving slider, while preventing the accumulation of lubricating oil on the bottom of the slider, forming an oil film that could affect the accuracy and stability of the guide rail. The oil drain groove divides the bottom of the slider into several zones, each with an oil chamber, further improving lubrication.

[0024] Furthermore, such a design can ensure that the oil drain groove fully covers the moving slider, preventing lubricating oil from accumulating or leaking at the edge of the slider, and improving the cleanliness and stability of the guide rail system.

[0025] Furthermore, the throttle is completely embedded in the oil supply hole when screwed in, which can ensure a tight fit between the throttle and the oil supply hole, prevent oil leakage, and improve the stability and accuracy of the throttle; at the same time, the throttle does not protrude from the moving slider during the movement of the moving slider, which helps to reduce air resistance.

[0026] Furthermore, each oil supply hole can provide oil to at least two parallel oil chambers, improving the uniformity of oil distribution, the continuity and stability of the oil film in each oil chamber, and the lubrication effect of the entire guide rail. At the same time, this also increases the load-bearing capacity and movement smoothness of the guide rail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the guide rail of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flexible elastic element of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1. Guide rail base; 2. Flexible elastic element; 3. Rectangular groove; 4. Throttle; 5. Moving slider; 6. Oil circuit; 7. Oil cavity; 8. Oil drain groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inside," "outside," "one side," "one end," and "one side" and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] It will be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or groups thereof.

[0037] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0038] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0040] The present invention provides a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on flexible elastic elements. This design is an innovation based on the traditional rigid guide rail, and flexible elastic elements are added to improve its performance. By adding flexible elastic elements to the guide rail, combined with the characteristics of the materials used or through specific structural design, the introduction of these flexible elastic elements plays a positive role and significantly improves the overall performance of the guide rail. Specifically, when the flexible elastic element is squeezed, deformation occurs at the grooves and edges, and the thickness of the oil film wrapped around the element changes accordingly, thereby improving the distribution of the bearing pressure; this improvement not only makes the guide rail have a higher load-bearing capacity, but also enhances the film stiffness, so that it performs more stable and reliable in various application scenarios.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element, comprising a guide rail base 1, a movable slider 5, and a plurality of flexible elastic elements 2. The guide rail base 1 is provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves 3 arranged continuously and spaced apart along its length, forming a plurality of parallel rows. The bottom of the movable slider 5 is provided with a plurality of oil chambers 7 corresponding to the rectangular grooves 3, forming two parallel rows. An oil drain groove 8 is provided at the bottom of the movable slider 5, staggered from the oil chambers 7. An oil passage 6 is provided within the movable slider 5, with one end leading to the oil chamber 7 and the other end leading to an oil supply hole provided on the side of the movable slider 5. A throttle 4 is installed in the oil supply hole to control the amount of oil inlet. The flexible elastic element 2 is provided within the rectangular groove 3, which is buckled onto the bottom surface of the rectangular groove 3.

[0042] In this design, the position of the rectangular groove 3 corresponds to the oil chamber 7 below the moving slider 5, ensuring that the lubricating oil can flow smoothly into the rectangular groove 3. When the guide rail is operating normally, the lubricating oil enters the rectangular groove 3 through the oil chamber 7, creating an excellent lubrication environment. Under the action of the expansion fluid, the lift and flow rate are significantly increased, thereby improving the overall performance of the guide rail. The lubricating oil can be injected into the rectangular groove 3 through these oil chambers 7, forming a hydrostatic oil film, reducing the friction coefficient between the moving slider 5 and the guide rail base 1, and improving the movement accuracy and response speed.

[0043] The sliding block 5 is suspended on the guide rail base 1 by a hydrostatic oil film. Two oil supply holes are provided on the sliding block 5, which are connected to the external hydraulic system to provide stable oil film pressure. An oil drain groove 8 is also provided at the bottom of the sliding block 5 to ensure uniform distribution and stability of the oil film.

[0044] Observation reveals that the flexible elastic element 2 on the surface effectively enhances the guide rail's load-bearing capacity, making it more stable and efficient under various working conditions. This innovative design not only enhances the functionality of the guide rail, but also provides new possibilities for related applications.

[0045] Example

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element in this embodiment includes a track base 1, a flexible elastic element 2, a throttle 4 and a moving slider 5.

[0047] A moving slider 5 is connected to the track base 1. Inside the moving slider 5 is an oil circuit 6 with an oil inlet at one end. By installing a throttle 4 at the oil inlet, the amount of lubricating oil entering can be effectively controlled, allowing for precise regulation of the lubrication process. The throttle 4 is designed to be completely embedded in the oil supply hole. This installation method ensures the stability of the throttle 4 while helping to control the oil intake, thereby adjusting the pressure and thickness of the oil film. Furthermore, the throttle 4 does not protrude from the moving slider 5 during its movement, helping to reduce air resistance.

[0048] The other end of the oil passage 6 forms an oil chamber 7, which corresponds to the position of the rectangular groove 3. Through the oil chamber 7, lubricating oil can be smoothly injected into the rectangular groove 3, filling the space between the guide rail base 1 and the movable slider 5, thereby forming a stable lubricating oil film. This oil film not only reduces friction but also improves the movement efficiency between the guide rail base 1 and the movable slider 5.

[0049] Furthermore, an oil drain groove 8 is located beneath the moving slider 5 to drain excess lubricant, ensuring optimal lubrication throughout the system. This design not only improves the guide rail's load-bearing capacity and stability, but also effectively extends the equipment's service life, providing a more reliable solution for related applications.

[0050] Figure 2 The guide rail base 1 in this embodiment is shown. The guide rail base 1 is provided with ten rectangular grooves 3 continuously along the length direction, forming two parallel rows. Flexible elastic elements 2 are installed in these rectangular grooves 3 to enhance the performance of the guide rail. The guide rail base 1 is the basic part of the hydrostatic guide rail. It is provided with a number of rectangular grooves 3 continuously along the length direction. These grooves are parallel to each other, providing space for the subsequent oil film formation and the installation of the flexible elastic element 2. The flexible elastic element 2 is a hollow rectangular block surrounded by five sides, with four side surfaces and a top surface, and one bottom surface is not closed facing the groove; each surface is made of brass sheet with a thickness of 1~3mm, which is used to improve the bearing capacity of the oil film.

[0051] The flexible elastic element 2 will deform when it is under pressure. When the force on the edge of the flexible elastic element 2 drops to zero, the original linear change changes to a nonlinear change. This deformation will cause the thickness of the oil film to change, thereby causing the oil film thickness to change at different positions. The change in oil film thickness affects the pressure distribution, which is based on the Reynolds equation in fluid lubrication theory: when the flexible element deforms and changes the oil film thickness, the pressure distribution also changes. The pressure changes at the grooves and edges enable the oil film to withstand greater loads, thereby improving the oil film's carrying capacity. The flexible elastic element 2 plays an inherent compensation role, which can maintain the stability of the guide system performance when the load changes.

[0052] Figure 3 The flexible elastic element 2 in this embodiment is shown. Installed within the rectangular groove 3, the flexible elastic element 2 increases the guide rail's elasticity and stability while also aiding in the formation and maintenance of an oil film. The flexible elastic element 2 is dimensioned to ensure that its upper surface is at least lower than the guide rail surface, ensuring an effective oil film is formed between the guide rail base 1 and the movable slider 5.

[0053] The flexible elastic element 2 is designed as a hollow rectangular block enclosed on five sides. This design not only ensures the strength of the flexible elastic element 2, but also allows it to deform when under pressure, thereby providing better elastic support. Once installed, the flexible elastic element 2 is completely embedded in the rectangular groove 3, with its four sides tightly fitting the four inner walls of the rectangular groove 3, ensuring the stability and reliability of the flexible elastic element 2 on the guide rail base 1. The cavity of the flexible elastic element 2 is also rectangular. This design helps maintain the overall shape and stability of the flexible elastic element 2 and also facilitates the formation and distribution of the oil film.

[0054] Figure 4 The figure shows the movable slider 5 in this embodiment. The movable slider 5 is the moving part on the guide rail. Its bottom is provided with four oil chambers 7 corresponding to the rectangular grooves 3, two in a row. The two rows of oil chambers 7 are also parallel to each other and are used to store lubricating oil and form a hydrostatic oil film. The oil chambers 7 are designed as elongated grooves recessed into the movable slider 5. This design helps increase the capacity of the oil chambers 7, thereby accommodating more lubricating oil. Furthermore, the elongated grooves are rounded at both ends, which helps reduce oil film breakage at the edges and improves the stability of the oil film.

[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the concave opening length of the oil cavity 7 is adapted to a plurality of rectangular grooves 3 in the same row, which means that each oil cavity 7 can cover a plurality of rectangular grooves 3 , thereby ensuring that the oil film on the entire guide rail base 1 is evenly distributed.

[0056] The setting of the oil drain groove 8 can be divided into two types: one is to be set between several parallel rows of oil chambers 7, and its length is equal to the length of the moving slider 5. This design helps to discharge excess lubricating oil from the oil chamber 7 along the length direction of the moving slider 5, and can prevent the oil film from being too thick and causing increased friction resistance; because the design of the oil chamber 7 is consistent with the relative displacement direction of the moving slider 5, it can more effectively balance the oil distribution on the entire guide rail. The other is to be set between adjacent oil chambers 7 in the same row, and its length is equal to the width of the moving slider 5. This design also helps to discharge excess lubricating oil, but focuses more on the oil balance between the oil chambers 7 in the same row, which helps each oil chamber 7 to obtain an appropriate amount of lubricating oil, thereby maintaining the continuity and stability of the oil film in each oil chamber 7. As Figure 4 As shown, the present embodiment adopts a combination of the above two oil drain grooves 8 , which has the advantages of both oil drain grooves 8 .

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element includes a guide rail base 1, a moving slider 5, twenty flexible elastic elements 2 and two throttles 4; the guide rail base 1 is continuously provided with twenty rectangular grooves 3 along the length direction, forming two parallel rows; two oil supply holes are provided on the side of the moving slider 5.

[0058] In summary, the present invention is a liquid hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element 2, which adds a flexible elastic element 2 to the guide rail base 1, thereby enhancing this advantage. They exhibit higher load-bearing capacity than rigid bearings, as well as linear motion accuracy and stability.

[0059] Many embodiments and applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should be determined not with reference to the foregoing description, but rather with reference to the preceding claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of completeness, all articles and references, including the disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein from the preceding claims is not a disclaimer of such subject matter, nor should it be interpreted that the applicants did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

[0060] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation methods of the present invention are limited to these. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element, characterized in that: include: A guide rail base (1), a moving slider (5) and a plurality of flexible elastic elements (2); A plurality of rectangular grooves (3) are arranged at intervals on the guide rail base (1), and the rectangular grooves (3) are arranged along the length direction of the guide rail base (1) to form a plurality of parallel rows, and a plurality of the flexible elastic elements (2) are arranged in the corresponding rectangular grooves (3); An oil cavity (7) is provided at the bottom of the moving slider (5) corresponding to the rectangular groove (3); An oil passage (6) is provided in the moving slider (5), one end of the oil passage (6) is communicated with the oil chamber (7), and the other end is communicated with the oil supply hole provided on the side of the moving slider (5); The flexible elastic element (2) is a hollow rectangular block surrounded by five sides, each side has a thickness of 1 to 3 mm, and is made of brass; When the flexible elastic element (2) is placed, it is completely embedded in the rectangular groove (3), with its opening facing the bottom surface of the rectangular groove (3), and its four surfaces are in contact with the four inner wall surfaces of the rectangular groove (3); The inner cavity of the flexible elastic element (2) is rectangular.

2. A hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil cavity (7) is a long groove sunken into the moving slider (5), and both ends of the long groove are in an arc shape.

3. The hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concave opening of the oil cavity (7) is adapted to the rectangular grooves (3) arranged in the same row.

4. The hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom center of the moving slider (5) is provided with oil drain grooves (8) along its length direction and width direction respectively. The oil drain grooves (8) divide the bottom of the moving slider (5) into several areas, and an oil cavity (7) is provided in each area.

5. The hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil drain groove (8) arranged along the length direction of the moving slider (5) passes through the entire length of the moving slider (5), and the oil drain groove (8) arranged along the width direction of the moving slider (5) passes through the entire width of the moving slider (5).

6. The hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 1, characterized in that: A throttle (4) is provided in the oil supply hole, and the throttle (4) is completely embedded in the oil supply hole when screwed in.

7. The hydrostatic guide rail based on a flexible elastic element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil supply hole supplies oil to at least two oil chambers (7) arranged side by side.

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