Detection module and method for detecting failure of fastening device and fastening system

Abstract

The invention relates to a detection module for detecting failure of a fastening device. The detection module comprises an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the elastic component is arranged between overlapped parts of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod; and a displacement sensor arranged on or in the outer sleeve on a section of the outer sleeve surrounding the inner sleeve, the displacement sensor can measure relative displacement generated when the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve move relatively in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod through a hole formed in the outer sleeve and generate an electric signal representing the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The invention also relates to a method for detecting a failure of a fastening device using such a detection module and to a fastening system comprising a fastening device and such a detection module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a detection module for detecting failure of a fastening device, a method for detecting failure of a fastening device, and a fastening system comprising the fastening device and the detection module. Background Art

[0002] Various fastening devices for connecting two or more parts together are known from the prior art. Such fastening devices usually include a fastening rod for inserting into a hole in the connected parts and a fastening head for locking the fastening rod. Such fastening devices include, for example, bolt connection devices, screw connection devices, stud connection devices, expansion bolt devices, etc.

[0003] The longer the fastening device is used, or the harsher the working environment, the more likely it is to fail, such as loosening. The failure of the fastening device may cause serious damage or accidents, such as leakage of high-pressure flange bolt connection components, which may cause safety hazards and property losses; the breaking of tire bolts of high-speed cars may cause vehicle damage and endanger the safety of drivers and passengers; the failure of bolts used for lifting in high-speed railways or highway tunnels may cause loads to fall and endanger traffic safety, etc. Therefore, monitoring the failure of fastening devices is very important.

[0004] In most cases, the tightening status of the fastening device needs to be monitored by manual inspection. Manual inspection is inefficient, inaccurate, and cannot be performed continuously for a long time, so there are many loopholes. In addition, manual inspection cannot indicate the current degree of tightening failure of the fastening device.

[0005] In addition, there are usually three failure modes for the failure of fastening devices. Figure 1 As shown, in the case where the load is hoisted in the tunnel by the expansion bolt device 10 (where the load is hoisted on the top wall 14 of the tunnel through the bracket 13 or the bracket 13 itself as the load), the failure of the expansion bolt device 10 as a fastening device, such as loosening, usually has the following three modes: first, due to insufficient grip caused by, for example, concrete sandification, the entire fastening device 10 falls or moves downward; second, due to the slow deformation caused by long-term stress, high temperature, etc., the threaded rod 11 creeps and elongates; third, due to, for example, external impact and vibration, the threaded rod 11 and the nut 12 rotate relative to each other and loosen. The above three failure modes may occur separately or simultaneously. However, although people have studied the failure problem of fastening devices caused by the three failure modes, they are relatively shallow, and many detection methods are biased towards one or two failure modes. Therefore, it is necessary to design a detection method that can detect and diagnose the above three failure modes at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The task of the present invention is to provide a detection module for detecting the failure of a fastening device, a method for detecting the failure of a fastening device, and a fastening system including a fastening device and a detection module, which can at least reduce or overcome the defects in the prior art. In particular, it can automatically monitor the failure of the fastening device. In addition, it can simultaneously detect the failure of the fastening device caused by the three failure modes as described above, thereby achieving reliable detection sensitivity.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a detection module for detecting failure of a fastening device, wherein the fastening device may include a fastening rod and a fastening head, and the detection module includes: an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, wherein the inner sleeve can be arranged to surround the fastening rod, and the outer sleeve is arranged to at least partially surround the inner sleeve, wherein the radial cross-section of at least one of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is configured to be L-shaped, so that the radial cross-sections of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve respectively overlap at least partially in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod, and at least the overlapping portion of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod is made of a rigid material, such as - an elastic component arranged between the overlapping parts of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod, the elastic component being configured to provide elastic force to the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve so that the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod due to the elastic force; and - a displacement sensor arranged on or in the outer sleeve in the section where the outer sleeve surrounds the inner sleeve, the displacement sensor being capable of measuring the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve when they move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod and generating an electrical signal representing the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0008] Thus, the detection module according to the present disclosure can automatically detect the failure of the fastening device. In addition, the applicant has found that in the three modes of failure of the fastening device as described above, the fastening head of the fastening device will move relative to the mounting surface on which the fastening rod is mounted. Through the detection module according to the present disclosure, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can follow the relative movement of the fastening head of the fastening device relative to the mounting surface, and the displacement sensor can detect the relative movement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, so that the failure of the fastening device can be reliably detected.

[0009] Preferably, the displacement sensor can be arranged in a housing arranged on the outside of the outer sleeve. In this way, the displacement sensor can be protected and the displacement sensor can be arranged simply.

[0010] Preferably, when only the radial cross section of the outer sleeve or only the inner sleeve is configured as an L-shape, at least a portion of the vertical section of the L-shape, preferably the entire vertical section, can be configured as a housing, and the displacement sensor is arranged in the housing, thereby saving material and thus reducing manufacturing costs.

[0011] Preferably, a circuit board electrically connected to the displacement sensor may be provided in the housing, and the circuit board may be configured to process the electrical signal. In this regard, preferably, at least one of a power supply unit, an alarm unit, a communication unit, an energy collection unit, and a microcontroller unit is provided in the housing. In this way, the housing can be used to protect the electronic components and a simple arrangement structure can be achieved.

[0012] Preferably, the housing can be made of plastic, thereby saving manufacturing costs.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic component can be configured as a spring or a VB-type gasket or a corrugated gasket. Thus, the elastic component can be realized simply.

[0014] Preferably, the displacement sensor can be configured as a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve can be configured as a non-mirror surface, thereby making it possible to simply implement the displacement sensor.

[0015] Preferably, the displacement sensor can be constructed as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve can be constructed with patterns for calibrating different positions, thereby making it possible to simply realize the displacement sensor.

[0016] Preferably, the displacement sensor can be configured as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve can be provided with steps at different distances from the displacement sensor along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod. Thus, the displacement sensor can be simply implemented, and the amount of relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can be simply and clearly determined.

[0017] Preferably, the outer surface of the inner sleeve may be provided with steps at different distances from the displacement sensor along the rotation axis direction of the fastening rod, thereby making it possible to simply and clearly determine the amount of relative rotation displacement between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0018] Preferably, the displacement sensor can measure the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve via a hole arranged in the outer sleeve and / or a housing hole arranged in the housing. Preferably, the displacement sensor faces the outer side surface of the inner sleeve. Thus, the displacement sensor can be simply realized.

[0019] Preferably, the inner sleeve and the fastening head are connected in a non-rotatable manner, so that the inner sleeve can move with the fastening head, thereby detecting the relative rotational displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, the inner sleeve may be provided with a toothed structure on its surface facing the fastening head, which can be connected in a form-locking manner with a corresponding toothed structure provided on the surface of the fastening head facing the inner sleeve, thereby making it easy to achieve the movement of the inner sleeve following the fastening head.

[0021] Preferably, the inner sleeve may be provided with a groove for embedding the fastening head on its surface facing the fastening head, so that the inner sleeve and the fastening head can be connected in a form-locking manner, thereby making it easy to achieve the movement of the inner sleeve following the fastening head.

[0022] Preferably, the inner sleeve may be configured with an integral fastening head on its surface away from the mounting surface on which the fastening rod is mounted, thereby making it easy to achieve the movement of the inner sleeve following the fastening head.

[0023] In summary, according to the detection module for detecting the failure of the fastening device disclosed in the present invention, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve can be connected along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod through an elastic component, and a displacement sensor facing the inner sleeve is arranged on the outer sleeve, so that the relative displacement change amount along the longitudinal axis direction (for example, the vertical direction in the hoisting scene) caused by the failure of the fastening device can be converted into the relative displacement change amount between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve that can be detected by the displacement sensor. Through such an arrangement, the present invention creatively abandons the direct detection of the fastening device in the direction of its fastening force, such as arranging various sensors between the fastening head and the mounting surface, which often causes the sensor to bear a huge fastening force. In comparison, the present invention adopts an indirect detection method to realize the monitoring of the failure of the fastening device. The sensor will not bear the fastening force applied by the fastening device, and can be widely used in various application scenarios of the fastening device without being restricted and affected by construction conditions, installation environment, etc.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for detecting failure of a fastening device using a detection module according to the present disclosure is provided, wherein the circuit board or a controller communicating with the circuit board may be configured to determine that the fastening device has failed when receiving an electrical signal generated by the displacement sensor.

[0025] Preferably, the circuit board or a controller in communication with the circuit board is configured to give an audible or visual alarm when it is determined that the fastening device fails.

[0026] The method for detecting the failure of a fastening device according to the present disclosure also correspondingly brings the same advantages as the detection module for detecting the failure of a fastening device according to the present disclosure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0027] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a fastening system is provided, characterized in that the fastening system comprises a fastening device and a detection module according to the present disclosure.

[0028] The fastening system according to the present disclosure also correspondingly brings the same advantages as the detection module for detecting failure of the fastening device according to the present disclosure, which will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Aspects of the present disclosure will be better understood after reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the use of expansion bolts to lift loads in a tunnel;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of a detection module for detecting fastening device failure according to the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of a detection module for detecting fastening device failure according to the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a third embodiment of a detection module for detecting fastening device failure according to the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 5 A-5E is a schematic diagram showing various different arrangements of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve of the detection module according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be presented in a variety of different ways and is not limited to the embodiments described below; in fact, the embodiments described below are intended to make the disclosure of the present disclosure more complete and fully illustrate the scope of protection of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein can be combined in various ways to provide more additional embodiments.

[0036] It should be understood that the same reference numerals represent the same elements throughout the drawings. In the drawings, the dimensions of certain features may be distorted for clarity.

[0037] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification are only used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. All terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in the specification have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. For the sake of simplicity and / or clarity, well-known functions or structures may not be described in detail.

[0038] The singular forms "a", "the" and "the" used in the specification include the plural forms unless clearly indicated. The terms "include", "comprise" and "contain" used in the specification indicate the presence of the claimed features, but do not exclude the presence of one or more other features. The term "and / or" used in the specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the relevant listed items. The terms "between X and Y" and "between approximately X and Y" used in the specification should be interpreted as including X and Y. The term "between approximately X and Y" used in this specification means "between approximately X and approximately Y", and the term "from approximately X to Y" used in this specification means "from approximately X to approximately Y".

[0039] In the specification, when an element is said to be "on", "attached", "connected", "coupled", or "contacting" another element, the element may be directly on, attached, connected, coupled, or contacting another element, or there may be an intermediate element. In contrast, when an element is said to be "directly" "on", "directly attached", "directly connected", "directly coupled", or "directly contacting" another element, there will be no intermediate element. In the specification, a feature is arranged "adjacent" to another feature, which may refer to a feature having a portion that overlaps with an adjacent feature or a portion that is located above or below an adjacent feature.

[0040] In the specification, spatial relational terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "higher", "lower", etc. may describe the relationship of one feature to another feature in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relational terms include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation shown in the drawings. For example, when the device in the drawings is turned over, features previously described as being "below" other features may now be described as being "above" the other features. The device may also be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the relative spatial relationships will be interpreted accordingly.

[0041] First, it should be pointed out that in each embodiment of the present disclosure, an exemplary fastening device 100 is used as an example to explain the detection module for detecting the failure of the fastening device according to the present disclosure. Here, the exemplary fastening device 100 may include a screw 110 as a fastening rod and a nut 120 as a fastening head. Of course, it is conceivable that the fastening device may also include other components, such as gaskets, etc.

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a detection module 200 for detecting failure of a fastening device 100 according to the present disclosure is shown. In this embodiment, the fastening device 100 may be configured to be mounted on a mounting surface of a ceiling.

[0043] The detection module 200 may include an inner sleeve 210 and an outer sleeve 220. The inner sleeve 210 may be arranged to surround the screw 110, and the outer sleeve 220 may be arranged to at least partially surround the inner sleeve 110 and preferably be spaced apart from the inner sleeve 110.

[0044] The radial cross section of at least one of the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220 may be configured as an L-shape. In this embodiment, the radial cross section of the outer sleeve 220 is configured as an L-shape. Figure 5 A to 5E also show exemplary schematic diagrams of multiple other arrangements of the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220 .

[0045] In the present disclosure, the term "radial section" refers to a plane located on the radial plane of the fastening rod and containing the longitudinal axis or rotation axis of the fastening rod. The "radial section" of the sleeve refers to the half of the radial section of the sleeve centered on the longitudinal axis or rotation axis of the fastening rod.

[0046] Due to the L-shaped structure of the inner sleeve 210 and / or the outer sleeve 220, the radial cross-sections of the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220 at least partially overlap in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod (also in the vertical direction in this embodiment), so that, for example, when the fastening device 100 applies a fastening force, the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220 can withstand the locking force.

[0047] At least the overlapping portion of the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod (also in the vertical direction in this embodiment) can be made of a rigid material, such as metal. In this embodiment, the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 are all made of a rigid material one-piece.

[0048] The detection module 200 may also include an elastic component 230 disposed between the overlapping portions of the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod. The elastic component 230 may be configured to provide elastic force to the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210, for example, under a locking force, so that the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 can move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod due to the elastic force. For example, when the fastening device 100 fails, the nut 120 may move away from the mounting surface on which the screw rod 110 is installed, and at this time, the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 may move away from each other due to the elastic force of the elastic component 230. According to the present disclosure, the elastic component 230 may be configured as a spring or a VB type gasket, a corrugated gasket or similar components.

[0049] The detection module 200 may further include a displacement sensor 240 disposed on or in the outer sleeve 220 at a section where the outer sleeve 220 surrounds the inner sleeve 210. In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 240 is disposed on the outer side of the outer sleeve 220.

[0050] In the present disclosure, the term "outer side" refers to the side of a component that is away from the longitudinal axis or the rotation axis of the fastening rod.

[0051] The displacement sensor 240 can be configured as a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor similar to a mouse sensor. In this case, the outer surface of the inner sleeve 210 can be configured as a non-mirror surface. The displacement sensor 240 can also be configured as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor. In this case, the outer surface of the inner sleeve 210 can be configured with a pattern for calibrating different positions.

[0052] In this regard, the displacement sensor 240 can measure the relative displacement of the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 when they move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis of the tightening rod via the hole 221 set in the outer sleeve 220 and thus can generate an electrical signal representing the relative displacement of the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210.

[0053] Preferably, the displacement sensor 240 may be disposed in a housing 250. The housing 250 may be arranged on the outside of the outer sleeve 220. A housing hole aligned with the hole 221 in the outer sleeve 220 may be provided in the housing 250, so that the displacement sensor 240 can measure the relative displacement occurring when the outer sleeve 220 and the inner sleeve 210 move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod via the housing hole and the hole 221 in the outer sleeve 220.

[0054] It is also conceivable that a circuit board 260 may be disposed in the housing 250. The displacement sensor 240 may be electrically connected to the circuit board 260. The circuit board 260 may process the electrical signal generated by the displacement sensor 240 using its own controller or a separate controller in communication therewith, for example, to issue an alarm based on the electrical signal. The circuit board 260 or the controller in communication therewith may determine that the fastening device 100 has failed upon receiving the electrical signal generated by the displacement sensor 240, and may also issue an audible or visual alarm, etc., upon determining that the fastening device 100 has failed.

[0055] In this regard, the controller may include any type of computing device, computing circuit, or any type of processor or processing circuit capable of executing a series of instructions stored in a memory. The controller may include multiple processors and / or a multi-core central processing unit (CPU) and may include any type of processor, such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, etc. The controller may also include a memory to store data and / or an algorithm to execute a series of instructions. The controller may be located on the circuit board 260 or may be located outside the circuit board 260.

[0056] A power supply unit 270, such as a battery, and / or an energy collection unit, preferably a solar energy collection unit, a wind energy collection unit, a thermal energy collection unit, a fluid kinetic energy collection unit or an electromagnetic energy (such as radio frequency) collection unit, etc., may also be provided in the housing 250, so as to supply power to the circuit board 250 and / or the displacement sensor 240, for example. In addition, an alarm unit, especially a sound and / or light alarm unit, may also be provided in the housing 250, thereby providing a timely alarm to the monitoring personnel when a failure sign appears, thereby avoiding personal and property losses. At the same time, in order to transmit the state of the fastening device to a data center, a data collection device, etc., especially to report a failure indication signal, a communication unit 17, preferably a wireless communication unit, may also be provided in the housing 250. In addition, in order to realize failure monitoring over the entire life cycle of the fastening device, a micro control unit for intermittently waking up the detection module may also be provided in the housing 250, so that the detection module can be in a low-power or no-power standby state for most of the time, and the detection module is only put into working state according to the wake-up time preset in the micro control unit.

[0057] In addition, the housing 250 may be made of plastic, for example, so that manufacturing costs can be saved.

[0058] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a detection module 200' for detecting failure of a fastening device 100 according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The difference of the first embodiment shown is the outer sleeve 220' and the housing 250. Only the difference from the first embodiment is described here, and the same parts as the first embodiment are not repeated.

[0059] In this embodiment, the radial cross section of the outer sleeve 220' can be configured as an L-shape, and the vertical section of the L-shape can be configured as a housing 250 or be constituted by the housing 250. Similarly, the displacement sensor 240, the circuit board 260, the power supply unit 270, etc. can be arranged in the housing 250. The displacement sensor 240 can measure the relative displacement of the housing 250 as a part of the outer sleeve 220' and the inner sleeve 210 when they move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod through the hole arranged in the housing 250 as a part of the outer sleeve 220', and thus generate an electrical signal representing the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0060] It is conceivable that when the radial cross section of the inner sleeve 210 can be configured as an L-shape, the vertical section of the L-shape can also be configured as the housing 250 or be constituted by the housing 250. This is because the vertical section does not have to bear the locking force. Therefore, when only the radial cross section of the outer sleeve 220 or only the inner sleeve 210 is configured as an L-shape, at least a part of the vertical section of the L-shape, preferably the entire vertical section, can be configured as a housing for accommodating a displacement sensor or be constituted by a housing.

[0061] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a detection module 200 "for detecting failure of a fastening device 100 according to the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 The difference of the second embodiment shown is the inner sleeve 210". Only the different parts from the second embodiment are described here, and the same parts as the second embodiment are not repeated.

[0062] In this embodiment, the displacement sensor 240 can be constructed as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor. The inner sleeve 210" can be provided with steps 211 at different distances from the displacement sensor 240 along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod on its outer surface. Thus, the displacement sensor 240 can simply and clearly determine the amount of relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve along the longitudinal axis direction of the tightening rod by means of the steps 211 located on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 210".

[0063] Of course, it is also conceivable that the outer surface of the inner sleeve is also provided with steps at different distances from the displacement sensor 240 along the rotation axis direction of the tightening rod. Thus, the displacement sensor 240 can also simply and clearly determine the amount of relative rotation displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0064] Of course, the arrangement structure of the inner sleeve 210" of this embodiment can also be applied to Figure 2 The first embodiment is shown.

[0065] In addition, for all the above embodiments, it is also possible that the inner sleeve can be connected to the fastening head of the fastening device 100, such as the nut 120, in a non-rotatable or fixed manner. Therefore, when the fastening head rotates, for example, due to loosening, the inner sleeve can rotate together with the fastening head, so that the relative rotational displacement of the fastening head relative to the fastening rod can be detected by the displacement sensor 240. Therefore, it can be determined that the fastening head is loose, that is, the third failure mode among the three failure modes mentioned above.

[0066] For this purpose, the inner sleeve can be provided with a toothed structure on its surface facing the fastening head, and the fastening head can be provided with a corresponding toothed structure on its surface facing the inner sleeve, whereby the inner sleeve and the fastening head can be connected in a form-fitting manner and thus interlock.

[0067] It is also possible that the inner sleeve can be provided with a groove for engaging the fastening head, for example, a groove for engaging a hexagonal nut, on its surface facing the fastening head, whereby the inner sleeve and the fastening head can be connected in a form-fitting manner to achieve interlocking.

[0068] It is also conceivable that the inner sleeve can be configured with an integral fastening head on its surface away from the mounting surface where the fastening rod is installed. In this case, the fastening head of the fastening device itself can be omitted.

[0069] The following is an exemplary description of a method for detecting failure of a fastening device using a detection module according to the present disclosure.

[0070] for Figure 2 In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , first, the detection module 200 may be arranged, for example, between the mounting surface on which the screw 110 is mounted and the load on the nut 120. Then, the detection module 200 may be locked between the mounting surface and the load by tightening the nut 120.

[0071] When the fastening device 100 is loosened, that is, fails, in this embodiment, the distance between the nut 120 and the mounting surface in the vertical direction (because the fastening device 100 is installed on the mounting surface of the ceiling) will increase. In this case, due to the elastic force of the elastic component 230, the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220 of the detection module 200 will move relative to each other, thereby generating relative displacement. Therefore, the displacement sensor 240 can detect the relative movement of the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220, and send an electrical signal about the relative movement to the circuit board 260 or a controller connected to the circuit board 260. In particular, the displacement sensor 240 can also be configured to determine the amount of relative displacement of the inner sleeve 210 and the outer sleeve 220. The circuit board 260 or a controller connected to the circuit board 260 can take measures based on the electrical signal, such as an alarm.

[0072] for Figure 3In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , since the housing 250 is configured as an L-shaped vertical section of the outer sleeve 220 ′, the displacement sensor 240 detects the relative displacement of the inner sleeve 210 relative to the housing 250 .

[0073] for Figure 4 In the third embodiment shown in the figure, since a step is provided on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 210" along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod and / or along the rotation axis direction of the fastening rod, the displacement sensor 240 can simply and accurately determine the amount of relative displacement between the inner sleeve 210" and the outer sleeve 220.

[0074] In addition, when the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the fastening head of the fastening device 100, the detection module can be arranged between the load and the fastening head. In this case, the displacement sensor 240 can not only determine the relative displacement of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod, but also determine the relative rotational displacement of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.

[0075] The present disclosure also relates to a fastening system, which comprises a fastening device and a detection module according to the present disclosure.

[0076] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detection module for detecting failure of a fastening device, the fastening device comprising a fastening rod and a fastening head, the detection module comprising: - an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the inner sleeve being arranged to surround the fastening rod, the outer sleeve being arranged to at least partially surround the inner sleeve, wherein the radial cross section of at least one of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is configured to be L-shaped, so that the radial cross sections of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve at least partially overlap in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod, and at least the overlapping portion of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve in the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod is made of a rigid material, such as metal; - an elastic member disposed between overlapping portions of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod, the elastic member being configured to provide an elastic force to the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve so that the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve can move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod due to the elastic force; and - A displacement sensor arranged on or in the outer sleeve in the section where the outer sleeve surrounds the inner sleeve, the displacement sensor being capable of measuring the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve when the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve move relative to each other along the longitudinal axis of the tightening rod and generating an electrical signal representing the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

2. The detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement sensor is disposed in a housing arranged on the outside of the outer sleeve.

3. The detection module according to claim 1, characterized in that: When only the radial cross section of the outer sleeve or only the inner sleeve is configured to be L-shaped, at least a portion of the vertical section of the L-shape, preferably the entire vertical section, is configured as a housing, and the displacement sensor is disposed in the housing.

4. The detection module according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A circuit board electrically connected to the displacement sensor is also arranged in the housing, and the circuit board is configured to process the electrical signal.

5. The detection module according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: At least one of a power supply unit, an alarm unit, a communication unit, an energy collection unit, and a micro control unit is also arranged in the housing.

6. The detection module according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The housing is made of plastic.

7. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The elastic component is configured as a spring or a VB-type gasket or a corrugated gasket.

8. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The displacement sensor is configured as a photoelectric sensor or a laser sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve is configured as a non-mirror surface.

9. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The displacement sensor is constructed as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve is constructed with patterns for calibrating different positions.

10. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The displacement sensor is configured as an infrared reflection sensor or an inductive sensor, and the outer surface of the inner sleeve is provided with steps at different distances from the displacement sensor along the longitudinal axis direction of the fastening rod.

11. The detection module according to claim 10, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner sleeve is provided with steps with different distances from the displacement sensor along the rotation axis direction of the fastening rod.

12. The detection module according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The displacement sensor can measure the relative displacement of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve via a hole provided in the outer sleeve and / or a housing hole provided in the housing. Preferably, the displacement sensor faces the outer side surface of the inner sleeve.

13. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is connected to the fastening head in a rotationally fixed manner.

14. The detection module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is provided with a toothing on its surface facing the fastening head, which toothing can be connected in a form-fitting manner to a corresponding toothing provided on the surface of the fastening head facing the inner sleeve.

15. The detection module according to claim 13, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is provided with a groove for engaging the fastening head on its surface facing the fastening head, whereby the inner sleeve and the fastening head can be connected in a form-fitting manner.

16. The detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The inner sleeve is formed with an integral fastening head on its surface facing away from the mounting surface on which the fastening rod is mounted.

17. A method for detecting failure of a fastening device using a detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein: The circuit board or a controller in communication with the circuit board is configured to determine that the fastening device has failed upon receipt of the electrical signal generated by the displacement sensor.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The circuit board or a controller in communication with the circuit board is configured to generate an audible or visual alarm when failure of the fastening device is determined.

19. A fastening system, characterized in that: The fastening system comprises a fastening device and a detection module according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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