Method, device and equipment for comprehensively evaluating hypoxia condition and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a comprehensive evaluation method, device, equipment and medium for an anoxic condition, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, obtaining three-dimensional hydrological environment data, including temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data, of different years, then calculating six single evaluation indexes of the anoxic degree in different years, comprising an anoxic area, an anoxic average thickness, a minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, an average dissolved oxygen concentration of a bottom anoxic zone, an average apparent oxygen consumption of an anoxic water body and a primary productivity, carrying out standardization processing on the obtained six single evaluation indexes of anoxic degrees in multiple years, and finally substituting the standardization result into a formula to calculate the anoxic indexes of different years. The obtained hypoxia index represents the relative severity of hypoxia in different years, that is, the larger the hypoxia index is, the more serious the hypoxia in the year is, so that the relative severity of offshore hypoxia in different years can be compared.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a method, device, equipment and medium for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia, and belongs to the field of marine scientific research and its application technology. Background Art

[0002] Dissolved oxygen (DO, referring to dissolved O2) in seawater is a basic environmental element for the survival and reproduction of marine organisms. Severe hypoxia (also known as anoxia, DO < 2.0~3.0 mg / L) or even anaerobic conditions (DO < 0.5 mg / L) may even lead to fish deaths and even reduced marine biodiversity or degradation of ecosystem service functions. Domestic and foreign researchers have revealed the sea areas, time and severity of offshore hypoxia through a large number of marine surveys and marine numerical simulations. Some countries have comprehensively evaluated the evolution of offshore ecosystems and changes in dissolved oxygen conditions through long-term observations. However, at present, offshore hypoxia is controlled by complex and changeable hydrodynamic conditions and coupled factors of biogeochemical processes. Its time scale has drastic changes at multiple scales from tidal cycles to decadal periods or even above, and its spatial range also has dynamic changes. This has caused great difficulties in the early warning and assessment of offshore hypoxia. Different observation sampling or numerical simulations only reflect a certain angle of the hypoxia phenomenon from one side. The three-dimensional numerical model can make up for the spatiotemporal discontinuity in the understanding of nearshore hypoxia to a certain extent. However, due to the mathematical simplification of the physical world and ecological dynamic processes, the uncertainty of boundary conditions and initial conditions, the accumulation of numerical calculation errors and other factors, the accuracy and error range of the numerical model also need to be evaluated based on measured data.

[0003] In addition, the state of hypoxia is not only reflected in the area or dissolved oxygen concentration but may also be reflected in other indicators such as thickness and apparent oxygen consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to find a comprehensive indicator to more comprehensively express the severity of hypoxia. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application respectively provide a method, device, equipment and medium for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia conditions to compare the relative severity of offshore hypoxia in different years.

[0005] Other features and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the following detailed description, or may be learned in part by the practice of the present application.

[0006] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia is provided, the method comprising: Acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data; Calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies, and primary productivity; Standardizing the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years to obtain a standardized result; Based on the standardized results, the hypoxia index of different years was calculated.

[0007] Furthermore, the temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data for different years all include longitude, latitude, and depth.

[0008] Furthermore, the hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and primary productivity were calculated by the following methods: Based on the range of all sea areas where the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom water reaches the hypoxia threshold, the hypoxic area is calculated by taking the logarithm; The average value of the vertical thickness on all target units is taken as the average hypoxia thickness; wherein the target unit is a certain station or grid point, and the vertical thickness is the difference between the maximum water depth and the minimum water depth of a certain station or grid point in the vertical direction when the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body is less than or equal to the hypoxia threshold; The minimum vertical dissolved oxygen concentration on the target unit is taken as the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration; Obtain the dissolved oxygen concentration at the bottom of the target unit, and calculate the average dissolved oxygen value less than the hypoxia threshold to obtain the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the hypoxic zone at the bottom; The saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is calculated according to the temperature and salinity of the target unit, and the interpolation between the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration and the actual dissolved oxygen concentration of the target unit is calculated as the apparent oxygen consumption of the target unit, and the average of the apparent oxygen consumption of all target units is taken as the average apparent oxygen consumption of the anoxic water body; Based on the set sea area, satellite chlorophyll data is obtained, and the chlorophyll content is greater than 5 mg / m 3 The primary productivity is obtained by averaging the chlorophyll concentrations.

[0009] Furthermore, if the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data is measured data, the hypoxic area is calculated by the following method: Obtain the dissolved oxygen data of the bottom water body at a certain voyage observation station; The bottom dissolved oxygen concentration of the observation station was interpolated to a regular grid using the Kriging interpolation method; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated to obtain the bottom water hypoxic area as the hypoxic area.

[0010] Furthermore, if the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data is numerical simulation data, the hypoxic area is calculated by the following method: According to the time range of the simulated voyage, the sea area range is determined, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom water body of all grid points within the time range and space range is output from the numerical simulation results; The dissolved oxygen concentration at the grid points is interpolated to a regular grid using an interpolation method, and the grid resolution after interpolation is not less than the minimum grid resolution of the numerical model; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated, and the simulated bottom water hypoxic area obtained was taken as the hypoxic area.

[0011] Furthermore, the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years is standardized to obtain standardized results, including: The single evaluation index of hypoxia degree in different years is used as the original data, and the original data is converted into a standard normal distribution. The calculation formula is as follows: z = (x - mean) / std Where z represents the standardized result, x represents the original data, mean represents the mean of the original data, and std represents the standard deviation of the single evaluation indicator of hypoxia degree in different years.

[0012] Further, based on the standardized results, the hypoxia index of different years is calculated, including: When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.47×Area+0.47×H+(-0.55)×DO min +(-0.5)×DO bot In the formula, Area represents the standardized hypoxic area, H represents the standardized average hypoxic thickness, and DO min Indicates the standardized minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, DO bot represents the standardized average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom anoxic zone; When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom hypoxia zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water body and primary productivity. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.38×Area+0.39×H+(-0.49)×DO min +(-0.49)×DObot +0.39×AOU+0.23×Chla In the formula, AOU represents the standardized average apparent oxygen consumption of anoxic water, and Chla represents the standardized primary productivity; When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.56×Area+(-0.58)×DO min +(-0.59)×DO bot When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, the average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and the primary productivity. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.45×Area+(-0.51)×DO min +(-0.5)×DO bot +0.38×AOU+0.35×Chla.

[0013] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a device for comprehensively evaluating hypoxia is provided, comprising: A data acquisition module is configured to acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data; The index calculation module is configured to calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies, and primary productivity; A standard processing module is configured to perform standardization processing on the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years to obtain a standardized result; The index calculation module is configured to calculate the hypoxia index of different years according to the standardized results.

[0014] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising: a controller; and a memory for storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the controller, the controller implements the above-mentioned comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia conditions.

[0015] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which computer-readable instructions are stored. When the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor of a computer, the computer executes the above-mentioned comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia.

[0016] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a computer program product or a computer program is also provided, the computer program product or the computer program comprising computer instructions, the computer instructions being stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The processor of the computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device performs the above-mentioned comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia.

[0017] The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages: The hypoxia index calculated by this application is used as a comprehensive hypoxia assessment indicator, and its size represents the relative severity of hypoxia in different years. That is, the larger the hypoxia index, the more severe the hypoxia in that year. Therefore, this application can be based on the calculated hypoxia index. The previous qualitative understanding of offshore hypoxia can be more easily upgraded to a quantitative assessment, and a simple and intuitive assessment of the hypoxia status in different years can be made. It is also conducive to more effectively conveying certain information to decision makers and the general public, and also helpful to formulate scientific and reasonable early warning and environmental protection measures, and economically and effectively reduce or alleviate the harm of hypoxia to the health of the marine ecology and the sustainable development of the marine economy.

[0018] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and together with the specification, are used to explain the principles of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings: Figure 1 is an overall flow chart of a comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia conditions shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a simplified flow chart of a comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia conditions shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a flow chart of hypoxia area calculation for data obtained from a voyage survey, shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application; Figure 4is a flow chart of hypoxia area calculation for numerical simulation data shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a comprehensive evaluation device for hypoxia conditions shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Here, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the attached claims.

[0021] The block diagrams shown in the accompanying drawings are merely functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0022] The flowcharts shown in the accompanying drawings are only exemplary and do not necessarily include all the contents and operations / steps, nor must they be executed in the order described. For example, some operations / steps can be decomposed, and some operations / steps can be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to actual conditions.

[0023] The term "multiple" as used in this application refers to two or more than two. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0024] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a method for comprehensively evaluating hypoxia conditions, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the method includes steps S100 to S400, which are described in detail as follows: Step S100: Acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data.

[0025] In this embodiment, the annual temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data acquired in step S100 must be three-dimensional data, including longitude, latitude, and depth.

[0026] Step S200: Calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies, and primary productivity.

[0027] It should be noted that due to the limitation of the observed variables (i.e. the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data), it may not be possible to calculate all six single evaluation indicators of the degree of hypoxia. When there is no temperature and salinity in the observed data, less than six single evaluation indicators of the degree of hypoxia are selected to perform the calculations of the subsequent steps S300 and S400. The selection of specific indicators is described in detail in a subsequent embodiment of the calculation of the hypoxia index in step S400.

[0028] In some embodiments, the six single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in step S200 are defined as follows: 1) Hypoxic area: the range of all sea areas where the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom water reaches the hypoxia threshold, and then the logarithm is taken, referred to as Area.

[0029] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 , Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of calculating the hypoxic area based on the data obtained from the voyage survey according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the steps for calculating the hypoxic area based on the data obtained from the voyage survey include steps S211 to S213, which are described in detail as follows: Step S211: Select the dissolved oxygen data of the bottom water body at a certain voyage observation station; Step S212: interpolating the bottom dissolved oxygen concentration of the observation station to a regular grid using the Kriging interpolation method; Step S213: Calculate the sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range to obtain the hypoxic area of ​​the bottom water body.

[0030] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a flowchart of calculating the hypoxia area for numerical simulation data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, the steps for calculating the hypoxic area for the numerical simulation data include steps S221 to S223, which are described in detail as follows: Step S221: Taking a certain voyage segment time or a certain month as the time range, determine the research sea area, and output the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom water body of all grid points within the time and space range from the numerical simulation results; Step S222: interpolating the dissolved oxygen concentration at the grid points to a finer regular grid using an interpolation method, wherein the grid resolution after interpolation is not less than the minimum grid resolution of the numerical model; Step S223: Calculate the sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range to obtain a simulated hypoxic area of ​​the bottom water body, and use the simulated hypoxic area of ​​the bottom water body as the hypoxic area.

[0031] 2) Average hypoxia thickness: Thickness refers to the difference between the maximum water depth and the minimum water depth in the vertical direction when the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body is less than or equal to the hypoxia (anoxia or anoxic) threshold. For each determined station or grid point, extract the vertical thickness and then calculate the average value, referred to as H.

[0032] 3) Minimum dissolved oxygen concentration: Extract the minimum vertical dissolved oxygen concentration from a certain station or grid point. Calculation formula: Minimum (L1, L2, ... Ln), L1, L2... Ln represents the dissolved oxygen concentration at different depths at a certain sampling station or grid point of the numerical model, referred to as DO min .

[0033] 4) Average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone: Extract the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom layer (maximum depth) from a certain station or grid point, and then calculate the average dissolved oxygen value less than the hypoxia threshold. Calculation formula: Average (L1, L2, ... Ln), L1, L2... Ln represents the bottom dissolved oxygen concentration at the sampling station or grid point of the numerical model less than the hypoxia threshold, referred to as DO bot .

[0034] 5) Average apparent oxygen consumption of anoxic water: extract temperature and salinity at each depth at a certain station or grid point, and then calculate the interpolation between the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration and the actual dissolved oxygen concentration at that location. Extract the apparent oxygen consumption at all determined depths at all determined stations or grid points, and then calculate the average value, referred to as AOU.

[0035] 6) Primary productivity: For the surveyed sea area, extract the surface chlorophyll concentration from satellite or model data, and then calculate the primary productivity of the sea area with a concentration greater than 5 mg / m 3 The average chlorophyll concentration is referred to as Chla.

[0036] Step S300: Standardizing the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years to obtain a standardized result.

[0037] In some embodiments, data standardization in step S300 is performed as follows: the data is converted into a standard normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1. The formula is: z = (x - mean) / std, where x is the original data, mean is the mean of the original data, and std is the standard deviation of the original data. Here, the original data is the data that needs to be standardized, that is, a single evaluation indicator of the degree of hypoxia in different years.

[0038] Step S400: Calculate the hypoxia index of different years according to the normalization result.

[0039] In some embodiments, the hypoxia index formula in step S400 selects different calculation formulas under different thresholds and different single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree. Specifically, this embodiment provides four cases here, and different calculation formulas are used in different cases. It should be noted that the single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree involved in the following calculation formulas are all single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree standardized by step S300.

[0040] Case 1: When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and the observation data do not have temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the average hypoxia thickness, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.47×Area+0.47×H+(-0.55)×Do min +(-0.5)×DO bot (1) Case 2: When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as follows: hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom hypoxia zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water body and primary productivity. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.38×Area+0.39×H+(-0.49)×Do min +(-0.49)×DO bot +0.39×AOU+0.23×Chla (2) Case 3: When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and the observation data do not have temperature and salinity data, the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone are selected as the single evaluation indicators of the hypoxia degree. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI = 0.56 × Area + (-0.58) × Do min +(-0.59)×DO bot (3) Case 4: When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, the average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and the primary productivity. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.45×Area+(-0.51)×Do min +(-0.5)×DO bot +0.38×AOU+0.35×Chla (4) The symbols involved in formulas (1) to (4) are explained as follows: Area represents the standardized hypoxic area, H represents the standardized average hypoxic thickness, DO min Indicates the standardized minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, DO bot represents the standardized average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom anoxic zone; AOU represents the standardized average apparent oxygen consumption of anoxic water bodies; Chla represents the standardized primary productivity.

[0041] The feasibility and progress of the present application will be further illustrated in combination with four specific examples. It should be noted that the following four examples are all based on the comprehensive assessment of the hypoxia condition in the Yangtze River Estuary, and the four examples correspond to the four situations described in the above embodiment. It should be understood that the application examples of the present application in the Yangtze River Estuary described below are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0042] Example 1: The measured data for the Yangtze River Estuary in August 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2016, and 2017 were only for dissolved oxygen. When the hypoxia threshold was 3 mg / L, the statistics of four single evaluation indicators of hypoxia were shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1 Four single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in the Yangtze River Estuary years Area (km2) log10(Area) H(m) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> 2006 211384.0 5.33 17.54 30.66 80.90 2009 48129.52 4.68 17.09 38.65 78.46 2011 18758.72 4.27 15.88 62.63 78.59 2015 5788.41 3.76 11.10 77.12 86.25 2016 97223.78 4.99 20.10 0.27 55.68 2017 42448.31 4.63 23.65 18.46 68.60 The values ​​of the four single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree shown in Table 1 were standardized and substituted into formula (1). The results are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2 Four single evaluation indicators and hypoxia index of the Yangtze River Estuary years log10(Area) H(m) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> HI 2006 1.47 -0.18 -0.24 0.71 0.38 2009 0.19 -0.28 0.07 0.53 -0.34 2011 -0.62 -0.56 0.99 0.54 -1.37 2015 -1.64 -1.67 1.55 1.11 -2.96 2016 0.80 0.41 -1.41 -1.18 1.94 2017 0.08 1.23 -0.71 -0.21 1.11 For the obtained hypoxia index, its size indicates the severity of hypoxia, that is, the larger the hypoxia index, the more severe the hypoxia in that year. Combined with Table 2, we can get the result: considering the four single evaluation indicators of hypoxia, the relative severity of hypoxia is in the order of 2016>2017>2006>2009>2011>2015.

[0045] Example 2: The measured temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen data of the Yangtze River Estuary in August 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2016 and 2017 were combined with satellite remote sensing chlorophyll data. When the hypoxia threshold was 3 mg / L, six single evaluation indicators of hypoxia were statistically analyzed as shown in Table 3.

[0046] Table 3 Six single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in the Yangtze River Estuary years Area (km2) log10(Area) H(m) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[AOU (μmol L –1 )]]> Chla(mg / m-3) 2006 211384.0 5.33 17.54 30.66 80.90 125.73 6.65 2009 48129.52 4.68 17.09 38.65 78.46 148.01 6.74 2011 18758.72 4.27 15.88 62.63 78.59 142.30 6.47 2015 5788.41 3.76 11.10 77.12 86.25 144.84 9.12 2016 97223.78 4.99 20.10 0.27 55.68 170.18 9.82 2017 42448.31 4.63 23.65 18.46 68.60 158.85 8.71 The six single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree shown in Table 3 were standardized and substituted into formula (2). The results are shown in Table 4.

[0047] Table 4 Six single evaluation indicators and hypoxia index of the Yangtze River Estuary years log10(Area) H(m) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[AOU (μmol L –1 )]]> Chla(mg / m-3) HI 2006 1.47 -0.18 -0.24 0.71 -1.49 -1.00 -0.55 2009 0.19 -0.28 0.07 0.53 -0.02 -0.95 -0.56 2011 -0.62 -0.56 0.99 0.54 -0.40 -1.12 -1.62 2015 -1.67 1.55 1.11 -0.23 0.57 -2.54 -2.54 2016 0.41 -1.41 -1.18 1.44 1.01 2.53 2.53 2017 1.23 -0.71 -0.21 0.70 0.31 1.30 1.30 Please refer to Table 4. When considering the six single assessment indicators of hypoxia, the relative severity of hypoxia is in the order of 2016>2017>2006>2009>2011>2015.

[0048] Example 3: The measured data at the Yangtze River Estuary in August 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2016 and 2017 only included dissolved oxygen. When the hypoxia threshold was 2 mg / L, hypoxia only occurred in 2006, 2009, 2016 and 2017. The statistics of the three single evaluation indicators of hypoxia are shown in Table 5.

[0049] Table 5 Three single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in the Yangtze River Estuary years Area (km2) log10(Area) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> 2006 21867.31 4.34 30.66 47.93 2009 5359.64 3.73 38.65 56.28 2016 50166.18 4.70 0.27 30.84 2017 14899.79 4.17 18.46 46.37 The three single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in Table 5 were standardized and substituted into formula (3). The results are shown in Table 6.

[0050] Table 6 Three single evaluation indicators and hypoxia index of the Yangtze River Estuary years log10(Area) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> HI 2006 0.26 0.52 0.24 -0.30 2009 -1.26 1.00 1.03 -1.89 2016 1.15 -1.30 -1.37 2.21 2017 -0.15 -0.21 0.10 -0.02 Please refer to Table 6. When considering the three single evaluation indicators of hypoxia degree, the relative severity of hypoxia is in the order of 2016>2017>2006>2009.

[0051] Example 4: The measured temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen data of the Yangtze River Estuary in August 2006, 2009, 2011, 2015, 2016 and 2017 were combined with satellite remote sensing chlorophyll data. When the hypoxia threshold was 2 mg / L, hypoxia only occurred in 2006, 2009, 2016 and 2017. The statistics of five single assessment indicators of hypoxia are shown in Table 7.

[0052] Table 7 Five single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in the Yangtze River Estuary years Area (km2) log10(Area) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[AOU (μmol L –1 )]]> Chla(mg / m-3) 2006 21867.31 4.34 30.66 47.93 149.79 6.65 2009 5359.64 3.73 38.65 56.28 171.28 6.74 2016 50166.18 4.70 0.27 30.84 193.56 9.82 2017 14899.79 4.17 18.46 46.37 181.71 8.71 The five single evaluation indicators of hypoxia in Table 7 were standardized and substituted into formula (4). The results are shown in Table 8.

[0053] Table 8 Five single evaluation indicators and hypoxia index of the Yangtze River Estuary years log10(Area) <![CDATA[Domin (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[DObot (μmol L –1 )]]> <![CDATA[AOU (μmol L –1 )]]> Chla(mg / m-3) HI 2006 0.26 0.52 0.24 -1.31 -0.86 -1.07 2009 -1.26 1.00 1.03 -0.15 -0.80 -1.93 2016 1.15 -1.30 -1.37 1.05 1.19 2.68 2017 -0.15 -0.21 0.10 0.41 0.47 0.31 Please refer to Table 8. When considering the five single evaluation indicators of hypoxia, the relative severity of hypoxia is in the order of 2016>2017>2006>2009.

[0054] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 : is a structural diagram of a device for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application. Another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia, the device comprising: The data acquisition module 501 is configured to acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data; The index calculation module 502 is configured to calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water body and primary productivity; The standard processing module 503 is configured to perform standardization processing on the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years to obtain a standardized result; The index calculation module 504 is configured to calculate the hypoxia index of different years according to the standardized results.

[0055] In some embodiments, the temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data of different years include longitude, latitude, and depth.

[0056] In some embodiments, the indicator calculation module is further configured to calculate the hypoxic area, the average hypoxic thickness, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, the average dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom hypoxic zone, the average apparent oxygen consumption of the hypoxic water body and the primary productivity by the following method: Based on the range of all sea areas where the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom water reaches the hypoxia threshold, the hypoxic area is calculated by taking the logarithm; The average value of the vertical thickness on all target units is taken as the average hypoxia thickness; wherein the target unit is a certain station or grid point, and the vertical thickness is the difference between the maximum water depth and the minimum water depth of a certain station or grid point in the vertical direction when the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body is less than or equal to the hypoxia threshold; The minimum vertical dissolved oxygen concentration on the target unit is taken as the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration; Obtain the dissolved oxygen concentration at the bottom of the target unit, and calculate the average dissolved oxygen value less than the hypoxia threshold to obtain the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the hypoxic zone at the bottom; The saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is calculated according to the temperature and salinity of the target unit, and the interpolation between the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration and the actual dissolved oxygen concentration of the target unit is calculated as the apparent oxygen consumption of the target unit, and the average of the apparent oxygen consumption of all target units is taken as the average apparent oxygen consumption of the anoxic water body; Based on the set sea area, satellite chlorophyll data is obtained, and the chlorophyll content is greater than 5 mg / m 3 The primary productivity is obtained by averaging the chlorophyll concentrations.

[0057] In some embodiments, the indicator calculation module is further configured to calculate the hypoxic area by the following method if the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data is measured data: Obtain the dissolved oxygen data of the bottom water body at a certain voyage observation station; The bottom dissolved oxygen concentration of the observation station was interpolated to a regular grid using the Kriging interpolation method; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated to obtain the bottom water hypoxic area as the hypoxic area.

[0058] In some embodiments, the indicator calculation module is further configured to calculate the hypoxic area by the following method if the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data is numerical simulation data: According to the time range of the simulated voyage, the sea area range is determined, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom water body of all grid points within the time range and space range is output from the numerical simulation results; The dissolved oxygen concentration at the grid points is interpolated to a regular grid using an interpolation method, and the grid resolution after interpolation is not less than the minimum grid resolution of the numerical model; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated, and the simulated bottom water hypoxic area obtained was taken as the hypoxic area.

[0059] In some embodiments, the standard processing module is further configured to: The single evaluation index of hypoxia degree in different years is used as the original data, and the original data is converted into a standard normal distribution. The calculation formula is as follows: z = (x - mean) / std Where z represents the standardized result, x represents the original data, mean represents the mean of the original data, and std represents the standard deviation of the single evaluation indicator of hypoxia degree in different years.

[0060] In some embodiments, the index calculation module is further configured to: When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the average hypoxia thickness, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.47×Area+0.47×H+(-0.55)×DO min +(-0.5)×DO bot In the formula, Area represents the standardized hypoxic area, H represents the standardized average hypoxic thickness, and DO min Indicates the standardized minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, DO bot represents the standardized average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom anoxic zone; When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom hypoxia zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water body and primary productivity. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.38×Area+0.39×H+(-0.49)×DO min +(-0.49)×DO bot +0.39×AOU+0.23×Chla In the formula, AOU represents the standardized average apparent oxygen consumption of anoxic water, and Chla represents the standardized primary productivity; When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.56×Area+(-0.58)×DO min +(-0.59)×DO bot When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, the average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and the primary productivity. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.45×Area+(-0.51)×DO min+(-0.5)×DO bot +0.38×AOU+0.35×Chla.

[0061] It should be noted that the comprehensive evaluation device for hypoxia provided in the above embodiment and the comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia provided in the above embodiment belong to the same concept, and the specific manner of executing the step operation has been described in detail in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0062] Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a controller; a memory for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the controller, executes the comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia in the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0063] In particular, according to an embodiment of the present application, the process described above with reference to the flowchart can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program includes a computer program for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network through a communication part, and / or installed from a removable medium. When the computer program is executed by a central processing unit (CPU) 701, various functions defined in the system of the present application are executed.

[0064] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiment of the present application can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), a flash memory, an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by an instruction execution system, device or device or used in combination with it. In the present application, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as a part of a carrier wave, wherein a computer-readable computer program is carried. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, which may send, propagate, or transmit programs for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer program contained on the computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0065] The flowchart and block diagram in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architecture, functions and operations of the system, method and computer program product according to various embodiments of the present application. Wherein, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a part of the code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or a part of the code contains one or more executable instructions for realizing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the box can also occur in a different order than the order marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two boxes represented in succession can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram or flowchart can be implemented with a dedicated hardware-based system that performs a specified function or operation, or can be implemented with a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0066] The modules / units involved in the embodiments described in this application may be implemented by software or hardware, and the described units may also be set in a processor. The names of these modules / units do not, in some cases, constitute limitations on the modules / units themselves.

[0067] Another aspect of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia. The computer-readable storage medium may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiment, or may exist independently without being assembled into the electronic device.

[0068] Another aspect of the present application also provides a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia provided in each of the above embodiments.

[0069] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a computer system is also provided, including a central processing unit (CPU), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) or a program loaded from a storage portion into a random access memory (RAM), such as executing the method in the above embodiment. In RAM, various programs and data required for system operation are also stored. CPU, ROM and RAM are connected to each other via a bus. Input / output (I / O) interface is also connected to the bus.

[0070] The following components are connected to the I / O interface: an input part including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output part including a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker; a storage part including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication part including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, a modem, etc. The communication part performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive is also connected to the I / O interface as needed. Removable media, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on the drive as needed so that the computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage part as needed.

[0071] The above content is only a preferred exemplary embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the implementation scheme of the present application. A person skilled in the art can easily make corresponding changes or modifications based on the main concept and spirit of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application shall be based on the scope of protection required by the claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data; Calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies, and primary productivity; Standardizing the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years to obtain a standardized result; Based on the standardized results, the hypoxia index of different years was calculated.

2. The method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen data for different years all include longitude, latitude, and depth.

3. The comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and primary productivity were calculated by the following methods: Based on the range of all sea areas where the dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom water reaches the hypoxia threshold, the hypoxic area is calculated by taking the logarithm; The average value of the vertical thickness on all target units is taken as the average hypoxia thickness; wherein the target unit is a certain station or grid point, and the vertical thickness is the difference between the maximum water depth and the minimum water depth of a certain station or grid point in the vertical direction when the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body is less than or equal to the hypoxia threshold; The minimum vertical dissolved oxygen concentration on the target unit is taken as the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration; Obtain the dissolved oxygen concentration at the bottom of the target unit, and calculate the average dissolved oxygen value less than the hypoxia threshold to obtain the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the hypoxic zone at the bottom; The saturated dissolved oxygen concentration is calculated according to the temperature and salinity of the target unit, and the interpolation between the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration and the actual dissolved oxygen concentration of the target unit is calculated as the apparent oxygen consumption of the target unit, and the average of the apparent oxygen consumption of all target units is taken as the average apparent oxygen consumption of the anoxic water body; Based on the set sea area, satellite chlorophyll data is obtained, and the chlorophyll content is greater than 5 mg / m 3 The primary productivity is obtained by averaging the chlorophyll concentrations.

4. The method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the three-dimensional hydrological environment data obtained is measured data, the hypoxic area is calculated by the following method: Obtain the dissolved oxygen data of the bottom water body at a certain voyage observation station; The bottom dissolved oxygen concentration of the observation station was interpolated to a regular grid using the Kriging interpolation method; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated to obtain the bottom water hypoxic area as the hypoxic area.

5. The method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the acquired three-dimensional hydrological environment data is numerical simulation data, the hypoxic area is calculated by the following method: According to the time range of the simulated voyage, the sea area range is determined, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the bottom water body of all grid points within the time range and space range is output from the numerical simulation results; The dissolved oxygen concentration at the grid points is interpolated to a regular grid using an interpolation method, and the grid resolution after interpolation is not less than the minimum grid resolution of the numerical model; The sum of the sea areas within the hypoxic range was calculated, and the simulated bottom water hypoxic area obtained was taken as the hypoxic area.

6. The method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years is standardized to obtain standardized results, including: The single evaluation index of hypoxia degree in different years is used as the original data, and the original data is converted into a standard normal distribution. The calculation formula is as follows: z = (x - mean) / std Where z represents the standardized result, x represents the original data, mean represents the mean of the original data, and std represents the standard deviation of the single evaluation indicator of hypoxia degree in different years.

7. The method for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the standardized results, the hypoxia index of different years was calculated, including: When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.47×Area+0.47×H+(-0.55)×DO min +(-0.5)×DO bot In the formula, Area represents the standardized hypoxic area, H represents the standardized average hypoxic thickness, and DO min Indicates the standardized minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, DO bot represents the standardized average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom anoxic zone; When the hypoxia threshold is 3 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is hypoxia area, average hypoxia thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in bottom hypoxia zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water body and primary productivity. The calculation formula of hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.38×Area+0.39×H+(-0.49)×DO min +(-0.49)×DO bot +0.39×AOU+0.23×Chla In the formula, AOU represents the standardized average apparent oxygen consumption of anoxic water, and Chla represents the standardized primary productivity; When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and there is no temperature and salinity data in the observation data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia selected for statistics is the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration and the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxia zone. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.56×Area +(-0.58)×DO min +(-0.59)×DO bot When the hypoxia threshold is 2 mg / L and the observation data include temperature and salinity data, the single evaluation index of hypoxia is selected as the hypoxia area, the minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, the average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, the average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies and the primary productivity. The calculation formula of the hypoxia index HI is as follows: HI=0.45×Area+(-0.51)×DO min +(-0.5)×DO bot +0.38×AOU+0.35×Chla。 8. A device for comprehensive evaluation of hypoxia, characterized in that: The device comprises: A data acquisition module is configured to acquire three-dimensional hydrological environment data of different years; wherein the three-dimensional hydrological environment data includes temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen data and satellite chlorophyll data; The index calculation module is configured to calculate a single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia in different years; wherein the single evaluation index of the degree of hypoxia includes at least two of the following: hypoxic area, average hypoxic thickness, minimum dissolved oxygen concentration, average dissolved oxygen concentration in the bottom hypoxic zone, average apparent oxygen consumption of hypoxic water bodies, and primary productivity; A standard processing module is configured to perform standardization processing on the single evaluation index of the hypoxia degree in different years to obtain a standardized result; The index calculation module is configured to calculate the hypoxia index of different years according to the standardized results.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Controller; A memory for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by the controller, enables the controller to implement the comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: Computer-readable instructions are stored thereon, and when the computer-readable instructions are executed by a processor of a computer, the computer is caused to execute the comprehensive evaluation method for hypoxia conditions according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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