Antenna system and related methods and base stations

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna system, comprising: an antenna floor (22); an antenna cover (21) covering the antenna floor; a transmitting antenna assembly (25) and a receiving antenna assembly (26) mounted on the antenna floor and located in an accommodating space (35) surrounded by the antenna cover and the antenna floor; an adjustable absorbing structure (33) disposed in the accommodating space and arranged close to the antenna cover; and an absorbing adjustment circuit (36) electrically connected to the adjustable absorbing structure for adjusting the absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure for electromagnetic waves. The present disclosure further provides a method for adaptively adjusting antenna isolation, a base station, and an antenna isolation method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications, and particularly relates to an antenna system, related methods thereof, and a base station. Background Art

[0002] The duplex mode of traditional communication devices is half-duplex, mainly divided into the frequency-division duplex mode and the time-division duplex mode. The frequency-division duplex receives and transmits on two separated symmetric frequency channels, and the time-division duplex uses time to separate the receiving and transmitting channels. Both half-duplex modes can avoid the self-interference of the transmitted signal of the same device to the received signal. However, since only one-direction signal transmission is allowed on the same time-frequency resource, the spectrum resource waste of the device is relatively serious. In order to further improve the utilization rate of spectrum resources, the simultaneous and co-frequency full-duplex (FD) technology has been developed. Theoretically, full-duplex communication can achieve twice the spectrum utilization rate of half-duplex communication. However, in the full-duplex mode, since the transmission and reception of the same device are simultaneous and co-frequency, the received signal of the device will be self-interfered by the transmitted signal. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the isolation degree between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component in the antenna system of the device (such as a base station) as much as possible, that is, to eliminate the antenna coupling between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component as much as possible. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure provides an antenna system, a method for adaptively adjusting the isolation degree between a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component in the antenna system, a base station, and an antenna isolation method.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna system, which includes: an antenna floor; an antenna cover covering the antenna floor; a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component, the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component are installed on the antenna floor and are located in an accommodation space surrounded by the antenna cover and the antenna floor; an adjustable absorbing structure disposed in the accommodation space and arranged close to the antenna cover; and an absorbing adjustment circuit electrically connected to the adjustable absorbing structure for adjusting the absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure to electromagnetic waves.

[0005] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for adaptively adjusting the isolation degree between a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component in an antenna system. The method is applied to the antenna system according to the first aspect and includes the following steps implemented by the absorbing adjustment circuit: monitoring the isolation degree between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency band; and in response to monitoring that the isolation degree deteriorates to be lower than a first predetermined threshold, adjusting the absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure to increase the isolation degree.

[0006] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a base station, and the base station includes the antenna system according to the first aspect.

[0007] In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure further provide an antenna isolation method, and the antenna isolation method includes: arranging an absorbing component, where the absorbing component is located between a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component mounted on an antenna floor, and includes: a floor-side metasurface absorbing structure mounted on the antenna floor with a surface opposite to the absorbing surface; a transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure arranged with the absorbing surface facing the transmitting antenna component; a receiving-antenna-side metasurface arranged with the absorbing surface facing the receiving antenna component; an adjustable absorbing structure arranged away from the antenna floor and with a surface opposite to the absorbing surface facing the antenna floor, and the adjustable absorbing structure is connected with an absorbing adjustment circuit; arranging a periodic band-stop structure on an inner surface of the radome; and covering the antenna floor with the radome such that the radome covers the transmitting antenna component, the receiving antenna component, and the absorbing component, and an inner surface of the radome is close to the adjustable absorbing structure.

[0008] The antenna system according to embodiments of the present disclosure includes an adjustable absorbing structure arranged in an accommodation space formed by the radome and the antenna floor and close to the radome; and an adjustable absorbing structure electrically connected to the adjustable absorbing structure for adjusting an absorbing characteristic of the adjustable absorbing structure to electromagnetic waves. Thus, the absorbing characteristic of the adjustable absorbing structure to electromagnetic waves can be dynamically adjusted through the absorbing adjustment circuit, and the reflected waves of the varying interference paths introduced by the varying interference paths can be absorbed specifically, so that even if the external environment changes, the antenna isolation degree between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component can be effectively and adaptively adjusted. Description of the Drawings

[0009] In the drawings of embodiments of the present disclosure:

[0010] Figure 1 is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the antenna system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0011] Figure 2A is a perspective view of a dynamic metasurface absorbing unit according to embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0012] Figure 2B is Figure 2A a schematic side cross-sectional view of the dynamic metasurface absorbing unit shown in

[0013] Figure 2C is Figure 2ATop view of the dynamic metasurface absorber unit shown;

[0014] Figure 2D is Figure 2A Graph showing the relationship between the electromagnetic wave absorption rate and the electromagnetic wave frequency when the equivalent resistance of the PIN diode in the dynamic metasurface absorber unit shown is different;

[0015] Figure 3 Side cross-sectional schematic view of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0016] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the main coupling path between the transmitting and receiving antennas in a conventional antenna system;

[0017] Figure 5A Perspective view of the static metasurface absorber unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 5B is Figure 5A Side cross-sectional view of the static metasurface absorber unit shown;

[0019] Figure 5C is Figure 5A Top view of the static metasurface absorber unit shown;

[0020] Figure 5D is Figure 5A Graph showing the relationship between the electromagnetic wave absorption rate and the electromagnetic wave frequency of the static metasurface absorber unit shown;

[0021] Figure 6 Perspective view of an example of the antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 7 is Figure 6 Side perspective view of the antenna system shown;

[0023] Figure 8 is Figure 6 Front view of the metasurface absorber structure on the transmitting antenna side in the antenna system shown;

[0024] Figure 9A is Figure 6 Graph showing the relationship between the inter-port transmission coefficient and the frequency in the antenna system shown in the frequency band f 0 ~f 1 ;

[0025] Figure 9B is after the antenna isolation deteriorates and after adaptive adjustment, Figure 6 Graph showing the relationship between the inter-port transmission coefficient and the frequency in the antenna system shown in the frequency band f 0 ~f 1 ;

[0026] Figure 10 Structural diagram of a metasurface absorbing structure according to a variant of an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 11 Flowchart of a method for adjusting the isolation between a transmitting antenna assembly and a receiving antenna assembly in an adaptive adjustment antenna system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 12 Flowchart of an antenna isolation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 13 Before and after applying the antenna isolation method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the relationship between the transmission coefficient between ports and frequency of the antenna system in the frequency band f 0 ~f 1 Graph of the relationship with frequency.

[0030] List of reference numerals:

[0031] 1 - Second right - angled triangle metal patch; 2 - Second pentagon metal patch; 3 - Second cross - shaped metal patch; 4 - Second metal floor; 5 - Fourth dielectric substrate 5; 6 - Fifth dielectric substrate; 7 - Second air layer; 8 - Resistor; 9 - First right - angled triangle metal patch; 10 - First pentagon metal patch; 11 - First cross - shaped metal patch; 12 - First metal floor; 13 - First dielectric substrate; 14 - Second dielectric substrate; 15 - Third dielectric substrate; 16 - First air layer; 17 - Isolation inductor; 18 - PIN diode; 19 - Ground conductive post; 20 - Feeding terminal / feeding conductive post; 21 - Radome; 22 - Antenna floor; 24 - Support isolator; 25 - Transmitting antenna assembly; 26 - Receiving antenna assembly; 27 - Periodic band - stop structure; 28 - Metal strip; 29 - Receiving - antenna - side metasurface absorbing structure; 30 - Transmitting - antenna - side metasurface absorbing structure; 31 - Arm of the second cross - shaped metal patch; 32 - Floor - side metasurface absorbing structure; 33 - Tunable absorbing structure; 34 - Tunable metasurface absorbing structure; 35 - Accommodating space; 36 - Absorbing adjustment circuit; 37 - Dynamic metasurface absorbing unit; 38 - Static metasurface absorbing unit; 111 - Arm of the first cross - shaped metal patch; 1' - L - shaped metal patch; 2' - Square metal patch. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The present disclosure will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the illustrated embodiments may be embodied in different forms, and the present disclosure should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth below. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0034] The accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the detailed embodiments to explain the present disclosure, and do not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure. By describing the detailed embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other features and advantages will become more apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0035] The present disclosure may be described with reference to plan views and / or cross-sectional views by means of ideal schematic diagrams of the present disclosure. Therefore, the example illustrations may be modified according to manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances.

[0036] In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0037] The terms used in the present disclosure are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. As used in the present disclosure, the singular forms "a" and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used in the present disclosure, the terms "comprising", "made of", specify the presence of the described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their groups.

[0038] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the orientation terms used in the present disclosure, such as "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., generally refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. In the case of no contrary description, these orientation terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure.

[0039] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, ordinal numbers such as "first", "second", etc. used in the present disclosure do not represent order or sequence, but are only used to distinguish different entities or steps. The method steps, processes, and operations described in the present disclosure are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be executed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the execution order is clearly indicated.

[0040] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, all terms used in this disclosure, including technical and scientific terms, shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries shall be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and this disclosure, and shall not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning unless this disclosure clearly so defines.

[0041] The present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but includes modifications to the configurations formed based on the manufacturing process. Therefore, the regions illustrated in the drawings have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures illustrate the specific shapes of the regions of the components, but are not intended to be restrictive.

[0042] As described above, for a communication device (such as a base station) adopting full-duplex technology, it is necessary to maximize the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly in its transceiver-separated antenna system (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as antenna isolation).

[0043] Existing measures to improve antenna isolation for such antenna systems mainly include two methods: blocking the coupling path of the antenna and introducing a new coupling path to neutralize the original path. However, existing isolation measures usually do not consider the impact of changes in the external environment on antenna isolation. In addition, the antenna isolation achieved by existing isolation measures is usually only 50 - 60 dB, which cannot effectively eliminate the problems of self-interference or cross-interference, or is not applicable to transceiver-separated large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) base station antennas.

[0044] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna system.

[0045] Referring to Figure 1 , the antenna system includes: an antenna floor 22; an antenna cover 21 that covers the antenna floor 22; a transmitting antenna assembly 25 and a receiving antenna assembly 26 that are installed on the antenna floor 22 at intervals from each other and are located in a receiving space 35 surrounded by the antenna cover 21 and the antenna floor 22; an adjustable absorbing structure 33 that is also provided in the receiving space 35 and is arranged close to the antenna cover 21; and an absorbing adjustment circuit 36 that is electrically connected to the adjustable absorbing structure 33 for adjusting the electromagnetic wave absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure 33.

[0046] As Figure 1 shown, the antenna floor 22 and the antenna cover 21 together define the receiving space 35, and the transmitting antenna assembly 25, the receiving antenna assembly 26, and the adjustable absorbing structure 33 are all provided in the receiving space 35. Among them, the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 are installed on the antenna floor 22. The transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 may be located on both sides of the receiving space 35, for example. AsFigure 1 As shown, the electromagnetic waves (transmission signals) transmitted from the transmitting antenna assembly 25 through the radome 21 may be affected by environmental factors around the antenna system. The environmental factors include, but are not limited to, masts, clamps, cables, buildings, tree canopies, flying animals, aircraft, water coverage, ice coverage, etc. The inventors have noticed that these environmental factors may couple the electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting antenna assembly 25 to the receiving antenna assembly 26 through new paths, that is, introduce interfering path reflected waves. If this interfering path reflected wave is received by the receiving antenna assembly 26, the coupling degree between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 will increase and the isolation degree will decrease. In addition, the inventors have also noticed that at least some of the above environmental factors, such as tree canopies, flying animals, aircraft, water coverage, ice coverage, etc., are variable environmental factors. Such variable environmental factors will result in variable interfering paths, and then result in variable interfering path reflected waves. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, by arranging the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 in the accommodation space 35 and close to the radome 21, and dynamically adjusting the wave-absorbing characteristics of the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 for electromagnetic waves through the wave-absorbing adjustment circuit 36, the variable interfering path reflected waves introduced by the variable interfering paths can be absorbed specifically, so that even if the external environment changes, the antenna isolation degree can be effectively adjusted adaptively.

[0047] It should be noted that the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 is arranged close to the radome 21, which means that the surface of the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 facing the radome 21 (the front surface, that is, the wave-absorbing surface) is close to but does not contact the surface of the radome 21 facing the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 (the inner surface). The distance between the two can be set according to actual needs. For example, it can be 1 / 1000 to 1 / 5 of the size of the radome 21 in the direction of this distance, and for example, it can be 1 mm - 100 mm. In this article, the inner surface of the radome 21 includes the top wall surface and the side wall surface of the radome 21. In addition, when a periodic band-stop structure (such as spaced metal strips) to be introduced below is provided on the inner surface of the radome 21 and at least a part of the front surface of the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 faces the periodic band-stop structure, the above distance may refer to the closest distance between the adjustable wave-absorbing structure 33 and the periodic band-stop structure.

[0048] As a way of the embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, along Figure 1When observing in the direction F2, if the radome 21 has an arched cross-sectional shape, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 can be arranged to have a similar arched cross-section; if the radome 21 has a П-shaped cross-sectional shape, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 can be arranged to have a similar П-shaped cross-section (i.e., including three planar parts), or can be arranged only near the inner surfaces on one or both sides of the radome 21. The adjustable absorbing structure 33 can be positioned in any way, and the present disclosure does not make special limitations thereto. As a way of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 is positioned by a support structure (not shown) mounted on the antenna floor 22. In addition, the absorbing adjustment circuit 36 can be provided outside the accommodation space 35, can also be at least partially provided in the accommodation space 35, or can also be at least a part of the above support structure, and the present disclosure does not make special limitations thereto.

[0049] In some embodiments, the transmitting antenna assembly 25 can include, for example, at least one transmitting antenna unit ( Figure 1 2 are shown in the figure), and the receiving antenna assembly 26 can include, for example, at least one receiving antenna unit ( Figure 1 2 are shown in the figure). In some embodiments, a plurality of transmitting antenna units and a plurality of receiving antenna units are respectively arranged in a planar matrix, whereby a large-scale full-duplex MIMO antenna array can be formed.

[0050] In some embodiments, in the direction F2 pointing from the transmitting antenna assembly 25 to the receiving antenna assembly 26, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 is arranged between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26, that is, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 may not extend directly above the transmitting antenna assembly 25 or the receiving antenna assembly 26.

[0051] In some embodiments, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 is an adjustable metasurface absorbing structure 34, and the adjustable metasurface absorbing structure 34 includes a plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 arranged in a planar matrix. As Figure 1 shown, each of the plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 has a feeding terminal 20. The absorbing adjustment circuit 36 is used to input an adjustment voltage to the feeding terminals 20 of the plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 to adjust the absorbing characteristics of each dynamic metasurface absorbing unit 37 for electromagnetic waves. By adopting the adjustable metasurface absorbing structure 34, it is possible to more effectively absorb interference path reflected waves, etc. than a common absorbing structure; in addition, each of the plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 has a feeding terminal 20, so that the absorbing characteristics of the plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 can be adjusted as a whole by applying the same voltage to each feeding terminal 20, or the absorbing characteristics of each dynamic metasurface absorbing unit 37 can be independently adjusted by applying different voltages to each feeding terminal 20, thereby being able to further improve the effect of adaptively adjusting the antenna isolation degree.

[0052] In some embodiments, the wave absorption adjustment circuit 36 is further configured to: monitor the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency band f 0 ~f 1 and, in response to monitoring that the isolation deteriorates to be lower than a first predetermined threshold, adjust the wave absorption characteristics of the adjustable wave absorption structure 33 to increase the isolation.

[0053] As Figures 2A to 2C shown, in some embodiments, each dynamic metasurface wave absorption unit 37 in the adjustable metasurface wave absorption structure 34 includes a first dielectric substrate 13, a second dielectric substrate 14, a first metal floor 12, and a third dielectric substrate 15 stacked in sequence, where the first dielectric substrate 13 is closest to the radome 21, and the wave absorption surface (i.e., the front surface, which is also the wave absorption surface of the dynamic metasurface wave absorption unit 37) of the first dielectric substrate 13 faces the radome 21. On the wave absorption surface of the first dielectric substrate 13, there are provided: a first cross-shaped metal patch 11 with slots, four diamond-shaped first pentagonal metal patches 10, and four first right-angled triangular metal patches 9.

[0054] The first cross-shaped metal patch 11 is concentric with the wave absorption surface of the first dielectric substrate 13 at the center point O, and the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 divides the wave absorption surface of the first dielectric substrate 13 into four quadrants; each end of each of the four arms 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 extends close to (but does not reach) the corresponding edge of the first dielectric substrate 13 (it should be noted here that this edge is defined by dividing the adjustable metasurface wave absorption structure 34 into multiple dynamic metasurface wave absorption units 37 and may not actually exist); and each arm 111 is intercepted into three segments by two slots, and PIN diodes (PIN tubes) 18 and isolation inductors 17 are respectively arranged in the two slots, and the PIN diodes 18 and the isolation inductors 17 electrically connect the three segments of the arm 111.

[0055] The four diamond-shaped first pentagonal metal patches 10 are symmetrically arranged at the center with respect to the center point O in the four quadrants. Each first pentagonal metal patch 10 has four right-angled sides and one hypotenuse, where the hypotenuse faces the center point O of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11, and the two (short) right-angled sides adjacent to the hypotenuse are respectively parallel and close to the two arms 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11. Correspondingly, the other two (long) right-angled sides are respectively parallel and close to the two adjacent edges of the first dielectric substrate 13. As a way of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the lengths of the two short right-angled sides of each first pentagonal metal patch 10 are the same and the distances from the corresponding arms 111 are the same; the lengths of the two long right-angled sides are the same and the distances from the corresponding edges of the first dielectric substrate 13 are the same.

[0056] Four first right-angled triangular metal patches 9 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point O at the four corners of the wave-absorbing surface of the first dielectric substrate 13, and the two right-angled sides of each first right-angled triangular metal patch coincide with two adjacent edges of the first dielectric substrate 13 respectively. In this way, in the tunable metasurface wave-absorbing structure 34, the adjacent first right-angled triangular metal patches 9 of four adjacent dynamic metasurface wave-absorbing units 37 with a common vertex form a complete rhombic or square patch.

[0057] The first dielectric substrate 13 and the second dielectric substrate 14 are spaced from each other by the first air layer 16, and the second dielectric substrate 14 and the third dielectric substrate 15 are connected to each other by the first metal floor 12.

[0058] Each dynamic metasurface wave-absorbing unit 37 further includes four grounding conductive posts 19 and a feeding conductive post 20 as the feeding terminal 20. Each grounding conductive post 20 electrically connects the end of the corresponding arm 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 to the first metal floor 12 through the perforations corresponding to the ends of the corresponding arms 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 on the first dielectric substrate 13 and the perforations at the corresponding positions on the second dielectric substrate 14. The feeding conductive post 20 electrically connects the center of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 to the output end of the wave-absorbing adjustment circuit 36 in sequence through the perforation at the center of the first dielectric substrate 13 (center point O), the perforation at the center of the second dielectric substrate 14, the perforation at the center of the first metal floor 12, and the perforation at the center of the third dielectric substrate 15.

[0059] During operation, each output end of the wave-absorbing adjustment circuit 36 applies a voltage to the feeding conductive post (i.e., the feeding terminal) 20 of each dynamic metasurface wave-absorbing unit 37, and then applies the voltage to the center of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 through the feeding conductive post 20. Since the end of each arm 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 is electrically connected to the grounded first metal floor 12 through the grounding conductive post 19, the voltage is loaded across both ends of each arm 111, and thus across both ends of the PIN diode 18 on each arm 111. By adjusting the voltage output by the wave-absorbing adjustment circuit 36, the equivalent resistance of the PIN diode 18 can be adjusted, and then the wave-absorbing characteristics of the dynamic metasurface wave-absorbing unit 37 for electromagnetic waves can be adjusted. The "wave-absorbing characteristics" mentioned here refer to the absorption rate of electromagnetic waves of various frequencies, especially the absorption rate of electromagnetic waves within the operating frequency band of the antenna system.

[0060] In some embodiments, the shape of each dielectric substrate 13, 14, 15 is square, and the shape of each first right-angled triangular metal patch 9 is an isosceles right-angled triangle.

[0061] It should be noted that although in Figure 2A and Figure 2CIn this case, the isolation inductor 17 is only provided on one side of the PIN diode 18. As a way of the embodiment of the present disclosure, isolation inductors can be respectively provided on both sides of the PIN diode 18.

[0062] It should be noted that in Figure 2B and Figure 2C the width Wr4 of each arm 111 of the first cross-shaped metal patch 11 shown, the length Lr11 of the slot where the PIN diode 18 is located and the distance Lr10 between the inner edge of the slot and the starting end of the arm 111, the length Lr12 of the slot where the isolation inductor 17 is located and the distance Lr8 between its outer edge and the end edge of the arm 111, the distance Lr9 between the PIN diode 18 and the isolation inductor 17, the lengths Wr3 and Ls2 of the right-angled sides of the first pentagonal metal patch 10, the side lengths Lr6 and Lr7 of the right-angled sides of the first right-angled triangular metal patch 9, the thickness Hair2 of the first air layer 16, the respective thicknesses Hsub, lengths Lsub2 and materials of the first to third dielectric substrates 13 - 15, the materials of the respective conductive posts 19, 20, the respective thicknesses and materials of the metal patches 9, 10, 11, the thickness and material of the first metal floor 12, and the number of the dynamic metasurface absorbing units 37 in each row and column of the plane matrix can all be set and optimized according to the actual situation.

[0063] With the dynamic metasurface absorbing unit 37 having the above structure, the absorbing adjustment circuit 36 changes the voltage applied to each feeding conductive post 20, that is, changes the voltage across the PIN diode 18 loaded on each arm 111, thereby changing the equivalent resistance of each PIN diode 18. As Figure 2D shown, in the case where the external environment remains unchanged, for a selected frequency band (for example, the operating frequency band) f 0 ~f 1 , by adjusting the different equivalent resistances (0 ohm to 526 ohm) of the PIN diode 18, an electromagnetic wave absorption rate change of the dynamic metasurface absorbing unit from 35% to 94% is achieved.

[0064] It should be noted that although Figures 2A to 2C the shown dynamic metasurface absorbing unit 37 is preferred, the dynamic metasurface absorbing unit of the tunable metasurface absorbing structure 34 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure can also adopt other metasurface structures. For example, Figure 2A the first pentagonal metal patch 10 shown in

[0065] can be replaced by a fan-shaped, circular, triangular or square metal patch, or can be omitted; the first right-angled triangular metal patch 9 can be replaced by a rectangular, fan-shaped or L-shaped metal patch, or can be omitted. Figure 3 、 Figure 6 、Figure 7 As shown, in order to further eliminate the antenna coupling between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 and improve the antenna isolation, in addition to the adjustable absorbing structure 33 and the absorbing adjustment circuit 36 described above, the antenna system further includes a ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, a transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and a receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29.

[0066] As Figure 3 , Figure 7 shown, the ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 is mounted on the antenna ground 22 with its surface opposite to the absorbing surface (back surface) in the accommodation space 35 and between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly. Both the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30 and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 are erected in the accommodation space 35, and the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30 faces the transmitting antenna assembly 25 with its absorbing surface (front surface), and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 faces the receiving antenna assembly 26 with its absorbing surface (front surface).

[0067] In some embodiments, the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30 and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 are erected side by side on the antenna ground 22 and arranged such that the ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 and / or the adjustable absorbing structure 33 are located between the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30 and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29. Additionally, in some embodiments, both the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30 and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 are configured such that their top surfaces and side surfaces are respectively close to the top wall surface and the side wall surface of the radome, so as to absorb the spatial coupling waves in the accommodation space 35 as much as possible.

[0068] In some embodiments, each of the ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 includes a plurality of static metasurface absorbing units arranged in a planar matrix. The "static" mentioned here is relative to the aforementioned "dynamic" metasurface absorbing unit 37, that is, it means that the metasurface absorbing unit does not need to be connected to an external circuit and has a fixed absorbing characteristic for electromagnetic waves.

[0069] In some embodiments, the static metasurface absorbing units of the ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 have the same or similar structures. To avoid repetition, only one static metasurface absorbing unit 38 of the ground-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 will be described below as an example.

[0070] See Figures 5A to 5C and Figure 8, in some embodiments, the static metasurface absorbing unit 38 includes a fourth dielectric substrate 5 and a fifth dielectric substrate 6 stacked with each other at intervals through a second air layer 7, and a second metal floor 4 disposed on the surface (back surface) of the fifth dielectric substrate 6 away from the fourth substrate.

[0071] On the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 (i.e., the front surface, which is also the absorbing surface of the static metasurface absorbing unit 38), there are provided: a grooved second cross-shaped metal patch 3, four diamond-shaped second pentagonal metal patches 2, and four second right-angled triangular metal patches 1.

[0072] The second cross-shaped metal patch 3 is concentric with the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 at the center point O 1 and divides the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 into four quadrants; each end of each of the four arms 31 of the second cross-shaped metal patch 3 extends close to the corresponding edge of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 and each arm 31 is cut into two sections by a groove, and a resistor 8 is disposed in the groove, and the resistor 8 electrically connects the two sections of the arm 31.

[0073] The four diamond-shaped second pentagonal metal patches 2 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point O 1 centrally in the four quadrants of the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 5. Similar to the aforementioned first pentagonal metal patch 10, each second pentagonal metal patch 2 also has four right-angled sides and one hypotenuse, wherein the hypotenuse faces the center point O 1 of the second cross-shaped metal patch 3, and the two (short) right-angled sides adjacent to the hypotenuse are respectively parallel and close to the two arms 31 of the second cross-shaped metal patch 3, and correspondingly, the other two (long) right-angled sides are respectively parallel and close to the two adjacent edges of the fourth dielectric substrate 5. As a way of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the lengths of the two short right-angled sides of each second pentagonal metal patch 2 are the same and the distances from the corresponding arms 31 are the same; the lengths of the two long right-angled sides are the same and the distances from the corresponding edges of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 are the same.

[0074] The four second right-angled triangular metal patches 1 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center point O 1 centrally at the four corners of the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate 5, and the two right-angled sides of each second right-angled triangular metal patch 1 respectively coincide with the two adjacent edges of the fourth dielectric substrate 5. Thus, as Figure 8 shown, in the metasurface absorbing structure, the adjacent second right-angled triangular metal patches 1 of four adjacent static metasurface absorbing units 38 having a common vertex can form a complete rhombic or square patch.

[0075] In some embodiments, the fourth dielectric substrate 5, the fifth dielectric substrate 6, and the second metal floor 4 are square in shape, and each second right-angled triangular metal patch 1 is in the shape of an isosceles right-angled triangle.

[0076] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, at several predetermined positions of the metasurface absorbing structure, there are support spacers 24 which are supported between the fourth dielectric substrate 5 and the fifth dielectric substrate 6 and are used to maintain the positional relationship between the fourth dielectric substrate 5 and the fifth dielectric substrate 6.

[0077] It should be noted that, in Figure 5B and Figure 5C shown, the width Wr2 of each arm 31 of the second cross-shaped metal patch 3, the length Lr5 of the slot where the resistor 8 is located, the distance Lr3 between the outer edge of the slot and the end edge of the arm 31, the distance Lr4 between the inner edge of the slot and the starting end of the arm 31, the lengths Wr1 and Ls1 of the right-angled sides of the second pentagonal metal patch 2, the side lengths Lr1 and Lr2 of the right-angled sides of the second right-angled triangular metal patch 1, the respective thicknesses Hsub, lengths Lsub and materials of the fourth dielectric substrate 5 and the fifth dielectric substrate 6, the thickness Hair1 of the second air layer 7, the respective thicknesses and materials of each metal patch 1, 2, 3, the thickness and material of the second metal floor 4, and the number of static metasurface absorbing units 38 in each row and column of the planar matrix can all be set and optimized according to actual situations.

[0078] Referring to Figure 5D , using the static metasurface absorbing unit with the above structure, electromagnetic waves in the selected frequency band f 0 ~f 1 can be effectively absorbed (absorption rate > 95%). By designing the above parameters, different electromagnetic wave frequency bands can be adapted.

[0079] It should be noted that although Figures 5A to 5C the shown static metasurface absorbing unit 38 is preferred, the static metasurface absorbing units of the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and / or the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 can also adopt other metasurface structures. For example, the second pentagonal metal patch 2 can be replaced by a metal patch in the shape of a sector, a circle, a triangle, or a square, or can be omitted; the second right-angled triangular metal patch 1 can be replaced by a metal patch in the shape of a rectangle, a sector, or an L shape, or can be omitted. As a way of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and / or the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 can adopt the absorbing surface structure (metasurface pattern) as Figure 10 shown, where Figure 5AThe second pentagonal metal patch 2 therein is replaced by a square metal patch 2', and the second right-angled triangular metal patch 1 is replaced by an L-shaped metal patch 1' (i.e., the adjacent L-shaped metal patches 1' of four adjacent static metasurface absorbing units form a complete cross-shaped patch).

[0080] In addition, it should be noted that although in the above embodiments, the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 adopt static metasurface absorbing units, this is not necessary. In some embodiments, at least one of the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, and the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29 may also be an adjustable metasurface absorbing structure adopting dynamic metasurface absorbing units.

[0081] In order to further eliminate the antenna coupling between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 and improve the antenna isolation, in some embodiments, as Figure 3 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, the antenna system may also be provided with a periodic band-stop structure 27 on the inner surface of the radome 21.

[0082] It should be noted that the "periodic band-stop structure" (which may also be referred to as "band-stop periodic structure" or "periodic notch structure") herein refers to a structure having a periodic pattern or configuration and having the function of suppressing the passage of electromagnetic waves in a certain frequency band, especially in the operating frequency band f 0 ~f 1 of the antenna system.

[0083] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, the periodic band-stop structure 27 is a plurality of metal strips 28 arranged at equal intervals, wherein the extending direction F1 / F3 of each metal strip 28 is perpendicular to the direction F2 from the transmitting antenna assembly 25 to the receiving antenna assembly. In other words, the plurality of metal strips 28 extend along the direction F1 / F3 and are arranged along the direction F2.

[0084] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown, each metal strip 28 continuously extends along the entire width and height H1 of the radome 21, that is, the metal strip 28 is arranged on the top wall surface and the two side wall surfaces of the radome 21. In other embodiments, according to needs, the metal strip 28 may be arranged only on the top wall surface of the radome 21.

[0085] In some embodiments, the periodic band-stop structure 27 is a dielectric block with a high dielectric constant.

[0086] In some embodiments, the periodic band-stop structure 27 is a metasurface absorbing structure.

[0087] In some embodiments, in the direction F2 from the transmitting antenna assembly 25 towards the receiving antenna assembly 26, the periodic band-stop structure 27 is arranged between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26.

[0088] As Figure 4 schematically shown, the inventors have found through research that between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26 of a transceiver-separated antenna system, especially between large-scale full-duplex MIMO transmitting and receiving antenna arrays, the main coupling paths include: a surface wave coupling path on the antenna floor 22, a space wave coupling path in the accommodation space 35, a reflected wave coupling path of the radome 21, and an interference path reflected wave coupling path brought by the external environment. Comparing Figure 3 and Figure 4 it can be seen that by introducing the adjustable metasurface absorbing structure 34, the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the transmitting-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, the receiving-antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29, and the periodic band-stop structure 27 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure into the antenna system, it is possible to effectively block the above-mentioned various coupling paths without affecting the normal operation of the antenna system, so that the intensity of the electromagnetic wave propagating to the receiving antenna area is significantly weakened, and an antenna isolation of up to more than 80 dB can be achieved. In addition, the antenna system according to the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to a relatively wide operating frequency band, does not impose restrictions on the form of the antenna, does not use polarization or pattern orthogonality to improve the isolation, and does not use means such as the DGS form that are not suitable for actual base station applications.

[0089] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for adaptively adjusting the isolation between a transmitting antenna assembly and a receiving antenna assembly in an antenna system. This method is applied to the antenna system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure; and as Figure 11 shown, this method includes the following steps S1 and S2 implemented by the absorbing and adjusting circuit in the first aspect:

[0090] S1: Monitor the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency band.

[0091] S2: In response to monitoring that the isolation deteriorates to be lower than a first predetermined threshold, adjust the wave absorption characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure so that the isolation increases.

[0092] By using the method provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure to adaptively adjust the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly in the adaptive adjustment antenna system, it is possible to absorb the changing interfering path reflected waves introduced by the changing interfering paths in real time, so that even if the external environment changes, the antenna isolation can be effectively and adaptively adjusted.

[0093] In some embodiments, the step S1 of adjusting the wave absorption characteristics of the adjustable wave absorption structure for electromagnetic waves to increase the isolation includes: increasing the isolation to above a second predetermined threshold, where the second predetermined threshold ≥ the first predetermined threshold; or increasing the isolation to the highest value within the adjustment range of the wave absorption adjustment circuit.

[0094] In some embodiments, the predetermined frequency band is the operating frequency band of the antenna system.

[0095] In some embodiments, the predetermined frequency is at least one frequency within the operating frequency band of the antenna system.

[0096] In some embodiments, both the first predetermined threshold and the second predetermined threshold are 80 dB.

[0097] In some embodiments, when the adjustable wave absorption structure is an adjustable metasurface wave absorption structure including a plurality of dynamic metasurface wave absorption units, and each dynamic metasurface wave absorption unit has its own feeding terminal, the step S2 of adjusting the wave absorption characteristics of the adjustable wave absorption structure for electromagnetic waves to increase the isolation in response to monitoring that the isolation deteriorates to below the first predetermined threshold includes: applying different voltages to the feeding terminals of the adjustable metasurface wave absorption structure to independently adjust the wave absorption characteristics of each dynamic metasurface wave absorption unit.

[0098] Based on the above first and second aspects, the following refers to Figures 6 to 9B Describe a specific example of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0099] Figures 6 to 8 Fig. shows a 16T16R dynamically adjustable transceiver-separated antenna system for a base station according to this example, as Figure 6 shown, the antenna system includes a rectangular antenna floor 22 and an open cuboid-shaped antenna cover 21 covering the antenna floor 22. On both sides of the upper surface of the antenna floor 22, a transmitting antenna assembly 25 and a receiving antenna assembly 26 in the form of an antenna array are respectively installed, and each antenna array is composed of 8 sub-arrays of 1 divided by 6.

[0100] As Figure 8 shown, the transmitting antenna side metasurface wave absorption structure 30 includes 2 rows and 17 columns of static metasurface wave absorption units. Similarly, the receiving antenna side metasurface wave absorption structure 29 also includes 2 rows and 17 columns of static metasurface wave absorption units.

[0101] In this example, the adjustable absorbing structure 33 adopts an adjustable metasurface absorbing structure 34 that is integrally in the shape of a rectangular plate and is arranged close to and parallel to the top wall surface of the radome 21. The floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 is mounted on the antenna floor 22.

[0102] Fifteen metal strips 28 serving as periodic band-stop structures are printed or attached at equal intervals on the inner surface of the radome 21. In this example, each metal strip 28 extends across the entire width of the top wall surface of the radome 21 and the entire height H1 of the front and rear side wall surfaces.

[0103] Along the direction F2, the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29, the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32, the adjustable absorbing structure, and the periodic band-stop structure are all located between the transmitting antenna assembly 25 and the receiving antenna assembly 26. Among them, the overall size of the periodic band-stop structure in the direction F2 is slightly larger than the sizes of the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 and the adjustable absorbing structure 33 in the direction F2.

[0104] In addition, in this example, the static metasurface absorbing units of the transmitting antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 30, the receiving antenna-side metasurface absorbing structure 29, and the floor-side metasurface absorbing structure 32 all adopt the structure as Figure 5A shown, and the dynamic metasurface absorbing unit adopted by the adjustable metasurface absorbing structure adopts the structure as Figure 2A shown.

[0105] In this example, the absorption adjustment circuit (not shown) includes a monitoring device for monitoring the isolation degree between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly in the operating frequency band f 0 ~f 1 of the antenna system. This monitoring device can, for example, include a vector network analyzer. This monitoring can be carried out in real time at a predetermined time interval. The monitoring index is the maximum value of the transmission coefficient (dB) between the predetermined ports of the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array at multiple frequencies within the operating frequency band (the mean value, median value, maximum value within a certain time, etc. of the transmission coefficient can also be used). This transmission coefficient is usually negative, and its opposite number represents the antenna isolation degree.

[0106] As Figure 9A shown by the middle dark part in, when using the antenna system according to this example, under normal circumstances, the transmission coefficients between the ports of the transmitting antenna array and the receiving antenna array are all lower than -83 dB, that is, the antenna isolation degree is higher than 83 dB. When the external environment where the antenna system is located changes, the surface wave, space wave, and radome reflection wave basically remain unchanged, but the interfering reflected wave from the external environment may change greatly, resulting in the deterioration of the antenna isolation degree. As Figure 9BAs shown by the upper light-colored part in [description], the antenna isolation deteriorates to about 72 dB. When this situation is detected, the wave-absorbing adjustment circuit changes the voltage applied to the feed terminals of each dynamic metasurface wave-absorbing unit, that is, changes the equivalent resistance of each PIN diode, so as to perform real-time regulation and optimization on the wave-absorbing characteristics of the tunable metasurface wave-absorbing structure until the antenna isolation reaches above 82 dB again, completing the adjustment process.

[0107] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a base station, which includes an antenna system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0108] In some embodiments, the base station is a full-duplex base station (FD-BS).

[0109] By using the base station according to the third aspect of the present disclosure, all the advantages and beneficial effects of the antenna system according to the first aspect of the present disclosure can be obtained.

[0110] In a fourth aspect, referring to Figure 12 , an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an antenna isolation method, which includes the following steps S10 to S30.

[0111] S10: Arrange a wave-absorbing component, the wave-absorbing component is located between a transmitting antenna component 25 and a receiving antenna component 26 installed on an antenna floor 22, and includes: a floor-side metasurface wave-absorbing structure 32, which is installed on the antenna floor 22 with the surface opposite to the wave-absorbing surface (back surface); a transmitting-antenna-side metasurface wave-absorbing structure 30, which is arranged with the wave-absorbing surface (front surface) facing the transmitting antenna component 25; a receiving-antenna-side metasurface wave-absorbing structure 29, which is arranged with the wave-absorbing surface (front surface) facing the receiving antenna component 26; a tunable wave-absorbing structure 33, which is arranged away from the antenna floor 22 and with the surface opposite to the wave-absorbing surface (back surface) facing the antenna floor 22, and the tunable wave-absorbing structure 33 is connected with a wave-absorbing adjustment circuit.

[0112] S20: Arrange a periodic band-stop structure on the inner surface of the radome 21.

[0113] S30: Cover the antenna floor 22 with the radome 21, so that the radome 21 covers the transmitting antenna component 25, the receiving antenna component 26 and the wave-absorbing component, and the inner surface of the radome 21 is close to the tunable wave-absorbing structure 33.

[0114] Referring to Figure 13 , by using the antenna isolation method according to the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the coupling degree between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component can be increased from about 60 dB to above 80 dB; at the same time, even when the external environment changes, the antenna isolation can be effectively and adaptively adjusted.

[0115] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps, systems, and functional modules / units in the devices disclosed above may be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof.

[0116] In a hardware implementation, the division between the functional modules / units mentioned above does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be executed by several physical components working together.

[0117] Some physical components, such as the wave absorption adjustment circuit, may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or may be implemented as hardware, or may be implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or transitory medium). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH), or other magnetic disk storage; compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD), or other optical disc storage; magnetic cassette, tape, magnetic disk storage, or other magnetic storage; and any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, a communication medium typically contains computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and may include any information delivery medium.

[0118] The present disclosure has disclosed exemplary embodiments, and although specific terms have been used, they are used only and should be construed only as having a general illustrative meaning and not for purposes of limitation. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise explicitly stated, the features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone or in combination with the features, characteristics, and / or elements described in connection with other embodiments. Therefore, those skilled in the art will understand that various forms and details may be changed without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna system, comprising: Antenna floor; A radome, the radome being arranged on the antenna floor; a transmitting antenna assembly and a receiving antenna assembly, wherein the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly are mounted on the antenna floor and are located in a containing space surrounded by the antenna cover and the antenna floor, Characterized in that the antenna system also includes: An adjustable absorbing structure, the adjustable absorbing structure is disposed in the accommodating space and arranged so that a surface of the adjustable absorbing structure facing the radome is close to but not in contact with a surface of the radome facing the adjustable absorbing structure; A wave absorbing adjustment circuit, the wave absorbing adjustment circuit is electrically connected to the adjustable wave absorbing structure and is used to adjust the wave absorbing characteristics of the adjustable wave absorbing structure to electromagnetic waves; and a periodic band-stop structure, the periodic band-stop structure being arranged on the inner surface of the radome, and The antenna system also includes the following metasurface absorbing structure: A floor-side super-surface absorbing structure, wherein the floor-side super-surface absorbing structure is installed on the antenna floor with a surface opposite to the absorbing surface, is located in the accommodating space, and is located between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly; A super-surface absorbing structure on the transmitting antenna side, wherein the super-surface absorbing structure on the transmitting antenna side is vertically arranged in the accommodating space, located between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly, and with the absorbing surface facing the transmitting antenna assembly; and The receiving antenna side super-surface absorbing structure is vertically arranged in the accommodating space, located between the transmitting antenna component and the receiving antenna component, and with the absorbing surface facing the receiving antenna component.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that The adjustable wave absorbing structure is an adjustable metasurface wave absorbing structure; The adjustable metasurface absorbing structure comprises a plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units arranged in a planar matrix. Each of the plurality of dynamic metasurface absorbing units has a feeding terminal; The wave absorption adjustment circuit is used to input an adjustment voltage to the feeding terminals of the multiple dynamic metasurface wave absorption units to adjust the wave absorption characteristics of each of the dynamic metasurface wave absorption units to electromagnetic waves.

3. The antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the dynamic metasurface absorbing units comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a first metal floor and a third dielectric substrate stacked in sequence, wherein the first dielectric substrate is closest to the radome; The first dielectric substrate is provided on the absorbing surface facing the radome: a first cross-shaped metal patch with grooves, wherein the first cross-shaped metal patch is concentric with the absorbing surface of the first dielectric substrate and the absorbing surface of the first dielectric substrate is divided into four quadrants, the end of each arm of the first cross-shaped metal patch extends to a corresponding edge close to the first dielectric substrate, and each arm is divided into three sections by two grooves, a PIN diode and an isolation inductor are respectively arranged in the two grooves, and the PIN diode and the isolation inductor electrically connect the three sections; Four diamond-shaped first pentagonal metal patches, the four first pentagonal metal patches are centrally symmetrically arranged in the four quadrants, each of the first pentagonal metal patches has four right-angled sides and one hypotenuse, wherein the hypotenuse faces the center of the first cross-shaped metal patch, and two right-angled sides adjacent to the hypotenuse are respectively parallel to and close to two arms of the first cross-shaped metal patch; and Four first right-angled triangular metal patches, wherein the four first right-angled triangular metal patches are centrally symmetrically arranged at four corners of the absorbing surface of the first dielectric substrate, and two right-angled sides of each of the first right-angled triangular metal patches respectively coincide with two adjacent edges of the first dielectric substrate; The first dielectric substrate and the second dielectric substrate are separated from each other by a first air layer, and the second dielectric substrate and the third dielectric substrate are connected by the first metal floor.

4. The antenna system according to claim 3, characterized in that Each of the dynamic metasurface absorbing units further includes four grounding conductive posts and a feeding conductive post as the feeding terminal. Each of the grounding conductive posts electrically connects the end of the corresponding arm of the first cross-shaped metal patch to the first metal floor through a through hole of the first dielectric substrate corresponding to the end of the corresponding arm of the first cross-shaped metal patch and a through hole of the second dielectric substrate at a corresponding position. The feeding conductive post electrically connects the center of the first cross-shaped metal patch to the output end of the absorbing adjustment circuit in sequence through a through hole in the center of the first dielectric substrate, a through hole in the center of the second dielectric substrate, a through hole in the center of the first metal floor, and a through hole in the center of the third dielectric substrate.

5. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In a direction from the transmitting antenna assembly to the receiving antenna assembly, the adjustable absorbing structure is arranged between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly.

6. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the metasurface absorbing structures comprises a plurality of static metasurface absorbing units arranged in a planar matrix, Each of the static metasurface absorbing units comprises a fourth dielectric substrate and a fifth dielectric substrate stacked with each other in a spaced relationship through a second air layer, and a second metal floor disposed on a surface of the fifth dielectric substrate away from the fourth dielectric substrate; The wave absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate is provided with: a second cross-shaped metal patch with a groove, wherein the second cross-shaped metal patch is concentric with the wave absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate and divides the wave absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate into four quadrants, the end of each arm of the second cross-shaped metal patch extends to a corresponding edge close to the fourth dielectric substrate and each arm is divided into two sections by a groove, a resistor is arranged in the one groove, and the resistor electrically connects the two sections; Four diamond-shaped second pentagonal metal patches, the four diamond-shaped second pentagonal metal patches are centrally symmetrically arranged in four quadrants of the absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, each of the second pentagonal metal patches has four right-angled sides and one hypotenuse, wherein the hypotenuse faces the center of the second cross-shaped metal patch, and two right-angled sides adjacent to the hypotenuse are respectively parallel to and close to two arms of the second cross-shaped metal patch; and Four second right-angled triangular metal patches are centrally symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the wave-absorbing surface of the fourth dielectric substrate, and two right-angled sides of each of the right-angled triangular metal patches respectively coincide with two adjacent edges of the fourth dielectric substrate.

7. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The periodic band-stop structure is a plurality of metal strips arranged at equal intervals, wherein an extension direction of each of the metal strips is perpendicular to a direction pointing from the transmitting antenna component to the receiving antenna component.

8. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that The periodic band-stop structure is a dielectric block with a high dielectric constant.

9. The antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that: In a direction pointing from the transmitting antenna assembly to the receiving antenna assembly, the periodic band-stop structure is arranged between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly.

10. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The transmitting antenna assembly comprises a plurality of transmitting antenna units arranged in a planar matrix; The receiving antenna assembly comprises a plurality of receiving antenna elements arranged in a planar matrix; and The multiple transmitting antenna units and the multiple receiving antenna units constitute a full-duplex antenna array with separate transmission and reception.

11. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The absorbing adjustment circuit is also used to: monitor the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency range, and in response to monitoring that the isolation has deteriorated to below a first predetermined threshold, adjust the absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure for electromagnetic waves to increase the isolation.

12. A method for adaptively adjusting the isolation between a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component in an antenna system, characterized in that: The method is applied to the antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and comprises the following steps implemented by the absorbing adjustment circuit: Monitoring the isolation between the transmitting antenna assembly and the receiving antenna assembly at a predetermined frequency or within a predetermined frequency range; as well as In response to monitoring that the isolation is deteriorated to be lower than a first predetermined threshold, the wave absorbing property of the adjustable wave absorbing structure to electromagnetic waves is adjusted to increase the isolation.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The step of adjusting the electromagnetic wave absorbing characteristics of the adjustable absorbing structure to increase the isolation degree comprises: Raising the isolation degree to above a second predetermined threshold, wherein the second predetermined threshold is ≥ the first predetermined threshold; or The isolation degree is increased to the highest value within the adjustment range of the wave absorbing adjustment circuit.

14. A base station, comprising: An antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

15. An antenna isolation method, characterized in that: The antenna isolation method comprises: Arrange an absorbing component, the absorbing component is located between a transmitting antenna component and a receiving antenna component installed on an antenna floor, and includes: a floor-side super-surface absorbing structure, the floor-side super-surface absorbing structure is installed on the antenna floor with a surface opposite to the absorbing surface; a transmitting antenna-side super-surface absorbing structure, the transmitting antenna-side super-surface absorbing structure is arranged with the absorbing surface facing the transmitting antenna component; a receiving antenna-side super-surface absorbing structure, the receiving antenna-side super-surface is arranged with the absorbing surface facing the receiving antenna component; an adjustable absorbing structure, the adjustable absorbing structure is arranged away from the antenna floor, and with the surface opposite to the absorbing surface facing the antenna floor, and the adjustable absorbing structure is connected to an absorbing adjustment circuit; Arranging a periodic band-stop structure on the inner surface of the radome; and The radome is arranged on the antenna floor so that the radome covers the transmitting antenna assembly, the receiving antenna assembly and the absorbing assembly, and the surface of the adjustable absorbing structure facing the radome is close to but not in contact with the surface of the radome facing the adjustable absorbing structure.

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