Radome

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, and specifically relates to a radome. The radome comprises an radome body and a hollowed-out structure, wherein an accommodating cavity is provided inside the radome body; the hollowed-out structure is attached and fixed to at least one side surface of the radome body, and the hollowed-out structure and the radome body are integrally formed; and the hollowed-out structure is provided with at least one layer of cavity structure comprising at least one air cavity. The equivalent dielectric constant of a region of the radome provided with the hollowed-out structure changes, and is larger than the dielectric constant of the air and smaller than the dielectric constant of the radome body; and compared with conventional radomes, the radome changes an equivalent transmission dielectric constant and an equivalent loss tangent value on an antenna transmission path, changes the electromagnetic characteristics of a propagation path of incident and reflected electromagnetic waves, and improves the circuit and radiation performance of an antenna array.

Description

radome

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority to a Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on February 6, 2024, with application number 202410170131.8 and application name “Radome,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a radome. Background Art

[0004] With the application and development of mobile communication technology, antenna surface resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The size of antennas and modules needs to be gradually reduced. Radiating units of multiple frequency bands are integrated with each other, and the circuit and radiation performance of antennas are deteriorating more and more seriously. The weight of antennas is getting heavier, and the structural strength requirements of antenna covers are getting higher and higher.

[0005] To ensure the strength of the radome, it is typically made of dielectric materials such as fiberglass, ceramic, and glass-ceramic. The dielectric constants of these materials are all greater than that of air. The dielectric constant is a physical quantity that measures a material's response to an electric field and describes the material's degree of electrical polarization under an applied electric field. Materials with different dielectric constants may differ in their response speed, absorption capacity, and transmission performance in an electric field; this has a significant impact on the material's electrical and optical properties, as well as electromagnetic wave propagation. Different radiating elements and antenna arrays have different requirements for the dielectric constant along the propagation path. Currently, traditional radomes can only adjust the dielectric constant by adjusting the radome material. Different radiating elements and antenna arrays require molds of different materials or formulations, which results in a long mold cycle and high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a radome.

[0007] The present disclosure provides an antenna cover, including an antenna cover body and a hollow structure, wherein an accommodating cavity is provided inside the antenna cover body; the hollow structure is fitted and fixed to at least one side surface of the antenna cover body, and the hollow structure and the antenna cover body are integrally formed; the hollow structure has at least one layer of cavity structure, and each layer of the cavity structure includes at least one air cavity.

[0008] In some embodiments, the hollow structure includes at least one layer of partition, and the partition includes a first guard plate and a first partition plate. The first guard plate is arranged opposite to the top plate. There are multiple first partition plates, and the multiple first partition plates are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the first guard plate.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the number of the partitions is one layer, the two ends of the first partition plate are respectively connected to the first guard plate and the inner wall of the antenna cover body, dividing the space between the top plate and the first guard plate into one or more air cavities.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the number of the partitions is multiple layers, the multiple layers of the partitions are stacked, and the multiple first partition plates of each layer of the partitions are connected to the first guard plates of the partitions of the adjacent layer, dividing the space between the two adjacent layers of the first guard plates into multiple air cavities; the first partition plates of the partitions adjacent to the inner wall of the antenna cover body are connected to the inner wall of the antenna cover.

[0011] In some embodiments, the antenna cover body includes a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate, and there are two side plates. The two side plates are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the side plates are respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate; the hollow structure is arranged on the top plate, and the length direction of the air cavity is consistent with the length direction of the top plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the plurality of air cavities in each layer of the cavity structure are spaced apart along the width direction of the top plate.

[0013] In some embodiments, the number of the hollow structure is one, and one hollow structure covers the entire area or a portion of the area of ​​the top plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, there are multiple hollow structures, and the multiple hollow structures are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the air cavity is filled with a medium, and a dielectric constant of the medium is between that of air and the radome body.

[0016] In some embodiments, the top plate and the hollow structure are integrally formed through a pultrusion process or an injection molding process.

[0017] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0018] The radome provided in the disclosed embodiments has a hollow structure provided on at least one side of the radome. The hollow structure includes at least one layer of cavity structure, each layer of cavity structure including multiple air cavities. The medium in the air cavity is air, whose dielectric constant is lower than that of the radome body. The equivalent dielectric constant of the region of the radome where the hollow structure is provided changes, becoming greater than the dielectric constant of air but lower than that of the radome body. Compared to traditional radomes, this changes the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent along the antenna transmission path, thereby altering the propagation path of incident and reflected electromagnetic waves and improving the circuit and radiation performance of the antenna array. By adjusting the size of the cavity, radomes with different equivalent dielectric constants can be obtained, meeting the dielectric constant requirements of different radiating units and antenna arrays, and at a lower cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of a conventional radome and a radiating element or an antenna array;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the radome and the radiation unit or antenna array according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0023] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of a radome according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a stretched radome according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG5 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG4 ;

[0026] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a radome according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0027] FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of a radome according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a medium filled in an air cavity of a radome according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0029] FIG9 is a partial enlarged view of FIG8;

[0030] FIG10 is a graph comparing the standing wave ratio of a conventional radome and a radome according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] FIG11 is a graph comparing the isolation between a conventional radome and a radome according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG12 is a cross-polarization ratio comparison graph of a conventional radome and a radome according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0033] FIG13 is a graph comparing the gain and horizontal beamwidth of a conventional radome and a radome according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Among them, 1. Radome body; 11. Top plate; 12. Side plate; 13. Bottom plate; 101. Accommodation cavity; 2. Hollow structure; 21. First protective plate; 22. First partition plate; 201. Air cavity; 202. Medium; 3. Reflection plate; 4. Radiating unit or antenna array; 5. Radome. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure, the scheme of the present disclosure will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.

[0036] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0037] The radome is a structure that protects the antenna system from the influence of the external environment. It has good electromagnetic transmittance in terms of electricity and can structurally withstand the harsh external environment.

[0038] Antennas typically operate in open-air environments, exposed to natural elements like wind, rain, snow, dust, and solar radiation, resulting in reduced accuracy, shortened lifespan, and poor reliability. The purpose of using a radome is to protect the antenna system from these effects, ensuring stable and reliable performance while reducing wear, corrosion, and aging, thereby extending its service life. The radome also eliminates wind loads and torque, reduces the driving power required to rotate the antenna, reduces mechanical weight, reduces inertia, and increases the natural frequency. Equipment and personnel can work within the radome, unaffected by the external environment, improving equipment efficiency and operator working conditions. For high-altitude aircraft, a radome can address issues posed by high temperatures, aerodynamic loads, and other loads.

[0039] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a conventional radome and radiating element or antenna array installation. Radiating element or antenna array 4 is mounted on reflector 3. Radome 5 extends over radiating element or antenna array 4 and reflector 3 to protect them.

[0040] However, the radome acts as an obstacle in front of the radiating element or antenna array 4. It absorbs and reflects the radiated waves from the radiating element or antenna array 4, changing the antenna's free-space energy distribution and, to a certain extent, affecting the antenna's electrical performance. This is due to the following reasons: reflections from the radome wall and uneven areas can cause the antenna's main lobe to shift in direction, resulting in downtilt or beam pointing errors; the radome's absorption and reflection of high-frequency energy can cause transmission loss, affecting antenna gain (increasing the system noise temperature during reception); and the radome-induced antenna lobe distortion can alter the antenna's main lobe width, increase the null depth, and increase the sidelobe level.

[0041] The structure of a radome differs from other building structures in that electrical properties must be considered during design, including the structural form, component dimensions, wall thickness, material selection, and structural details. Wall thickness is related to the operating wavelength. Electrically, to minimize reflection, a uniform single-wall thickness or a sandwich core thickness must be designed based on the operating wavelength. However, the selected wall thickness must withstand the expected maximum aerodynamic and other loads without damage or significant deformation. Wall thickness selection should balance electrical and structural performance based on the operating wavelength, radome size and shape, environmental conditions, and the materials used. Factors to consider when selecting the dielectric material for the radome wall include low dielectric constant and loss tangent at the operating frequency and sufficient mechanical strength. Common dielectric materials used for radomes include fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP), rigid polyvinyl chloride (UPVC), modified resin (ASA), and other modified dielectric materials. These dielectric materials have dielectric constants and loss tangents greater than those of air, so the addition of a radome can affect the antenna's electrical and radiation performance.

[0042] In order to minimize the impact of the antenna cover on the electrical performance of the antenna as much as possible, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a antenna cover that changes the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent value of the traditional antenna cover without changing the material of the antenna cover, thereby achieving the convergence effect of electromagnetic waves and improving the electrical performance and radiation performance of the radiating unit.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 to 9, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a radome, including a radome body 1 and a hollow structure 2; a accommodating cavity 101 is provided inside the radome body 1; the hollow structure 2 is fitted and fixed to at least one side of the radome body 1, and the hollow structure 2 is integrally formed with the radome body 1; the hollow structure 2 has at least one layer of cavity structure, and each layer of cavity structure includes at least one air cavity 201.

[0044] Specifically, the radiating element or antenna array 4 is disposed within the housing cavity 101 within the radome body 1. Both the radiating element and the antenna array 4 must pass through the radome. In principle, the radome body 1 is typically made of materials such as fiberglass, resulting in a dielectric constant of 3.6 to 4.2, compared to air's dielectric constant of approximately 1.0. The loss tangent of the radome body 1 is approximately 0.003-0.05, compared to air's loss tangent of approximately 0. To optimize structural strength and performance, the radome's equivalent dielectric constant can be adjusted between 1.0 and 4.2, and its equivalent loss tangent between 0 and 0.05, by adjusting the ratio of air to the radome body 1 material. Adjusting the radome's equivalent dielectric constant achieves varying reflection and transmission effects for electromagnetic waves, thereby adjusting and optimizing circuit and pattern performance. This also reduces electromagnetic wave losses in the radome, enabling adjustment and optimization of circuit and pattern performance. This increases the transmission speed of electromagnetic waves and improves the circuit and radiation performance of the antenna array.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the hollow structure 2 includes at least one layer of partition, the partition includes a first guard plate 21 and a first partition plate 22, the first guard plate 21 is arranged opposite to a side surface of the antenna cover body 1, and the number of the first partition plates 22 is multiple, and the multiple first partition plates 22 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the first guard plate 21.

[0046] Specifically, the hollow structure 2 is provided at the top, side or bottom of the radome body 1. It can be provided on the inner wall of the radome body 1 and fixedly attached, or it can be fixedly attached to the outer wall of the radome body 1. The hollow structure 2 is integrally formed with the radome body 1, thereby forming a part of the radome. The top and sides of the radiating unit or antenna array 4 are the main transmission paths of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cavity structure is provided at the top or side of the radome body 1. This can structurally enhance the performance of the antenna structure, and in terms of electrical performance, the circuit and radiation performance of the radiating unit are optimized. Similarly, the antenna performance indicators and the structural strength of the radome can also be adjusted at the bottom of the radome body 1.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the number of partitions is one layer, the two ends of the first partition plate 22 are respectively connected to the first protective plate 21 and the inner wall of the antenna cover body 1, dividing the space between the inner wall of the antenna cover body 1 and the first protective plate 21 into multiple air cavities 201.

[0048] Exemplarily, as shown in Figures 2 and 3 , the hollow structure 2 is provided at the top of the radome body 1. The first shield plate 21 is provided parallel to the top of the radome body 1. The first partition 22 is provided between the top of the radome body 1 and the first shield plate 21, and the two ends of the first partition 22 are respectively connected to the top of the radome body 1 and the first shield plate 21, dividing the space between the first shield plate 21 and the radome body 1 into a plurality of air cavities 201. The air cavities 201 are provided along the length direction of the radome body 1. The interior of the air cavities 201 is air, which increases the proportion of air and the material of the radome body 1 in the radome top structure, thereby reducing the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent value of the radome top, and improving the reflection and projection effect of the radome top structure on electromagnetic waves, thereby achieving the adjustment and optimization of the circuit and directional pattern performance.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, when the number of partitions is multi-layer, the multi-layer partitions are stacked, and the multiple first partition plates 22 of each layer of partitions are connected to the first protective plates 21 of the partitions of the adjacent layer, dividing the space between the adjacent first protective plates 21 on both sides into multiple air cavities 201; the first partition plates 22 of the partitions adjacent to the inner wall of the antenna cover body 1 are connected to the inner wall of the antenna cover body 1.

[0050] Exemplarily, the hollow structure 2 is disposed at the top of the radome body 1, with multiple spaced first partitions 22 sandwiched between the first shields 21 on either side. The first partitions 22 in the partitions of adjacent layers correspond to each other. In some embodiments, the air cavities 201 formed in the cavity structures of adjacent layers correspond to each other, thereby maximizing the ratio of air to radome body 1 material in a direction perpendicular to the top of the radome body 1.

[0051] The thickness of the first shield 21, the thickness of the dividers, and the number, size, and quantity of air cavities 201 formed all affect the electrical performance of the radome. Theoretically, the thinner the first shield 21 and first dividers 22, the greater the ratio of air to radome body 1 material in the radome structure, the more effective it is in reducing the radome's equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent. However, the thickness of the first shield 21 and first dividers 22 cannot be infinitely small. While considering the radome's electrical performance, it is also necessary to balance its strength to ensure that the radome meets both electrical performance and strength requirements.

[0052] The cross-sectional shape of the formed air cavity 201 may be a rectangle, a square, an ellipse or other polygons. The cross-sectional shape of the air cavity 201 is determined by the process implementation and the electrical performance requirements.

[0053] For example, in some preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, the shape of the air cavity 201 is rectangular. On the premise of meeting the structural strength and electrical performance, as long as the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent of the final antenna cover are consistent with the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent when the air cavity 201 is rectangular, and the same technical effect is achieved, the shape of the cross section of the air cavity 201 can also be square, elliptical or other polygons.

[0054] The cross-sectional dimensions of the air cavities 201 in the same layer may be the same or different, the cross-sectional dimensions of the air cavities 201 in different layers may be the same or different, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the same air cavity 201 at different positions may be the same or different. Specifically, the design may be based on structural strength and electrical performance requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the cross-section of the radome body 1 is rectangular, and the radome body 1 includes a bottom plate 13, side plates 12, and a top plate 11. There are two side plates 12, which are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the side plates 12 are respectively connected to the top plate 11 and the bottom plate 13. The top plate 11, the bottom plate 13, and the two side plates 12 together enclose a receiving cavity 101, and the antenna array or the base station antenna is placed in the receiving cavity 101. The hollow structure 2 is provided on the top plate 11, and the length direction of the air cavity 201 is consistent with the length direction of the top plate 11. When in use, cover plates are also provided at both ends of the radome to seal the two ends of the radome, so that the working environment of the radiation unit or the antenna array 4 is a sealed environment, to prevent the environmental dust, ice and snow from affecting the radiation unit or the antenna array 4.

[0056] The multiple air cavities 201 in each layer of the cavity structure are spaced apart along the width direction of the top plate 11, and adjacent air cavities 201 are separated by a first partition plate 22. Of course, if the molding process is not considered and only structural strength and electrical performance are considered, the length direction of the air cavities 201 can also be arranged along the width direction of the top plate 11, and the multiple air cavities 201 in each layer of the cavity structure are spaced apart along the length direction of the top plate 11.

[0057] The hollow structure 2 can be provided throughout the entire top plate 11 of the radome body 1, or in portions thereof. Specifically, the projected area and position of the hollow structure 2 on the top plate 11, as well as the number of hollow structures 2, are related to the location, form, and performance of the radiating elements installed within the radome. Hollow structures 2 can be provided in portions of the top plate 11 to create different electromagnetic wave transmission paths at different locations on the top plate 11, thereby achieving different radiation performance.

[0058] Specifically, the number of the hollow structure 2 is one, and one hollow structure 2 covers the entire area or a part of the area of ​​the top plate 11 .

[0059] For example, as shown in conjunction with Figures 2 and 3 , in some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is one hollow structure 2, and the hollow structure 2 completely covers the top plate 11. In some embodiments, no matter where the electromagnetic wave passes through the top plate 11, it must pass through the air cavity 201. Air cavity 201 is provided throughout the entire area of ​​the top plate 11 to reduce the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent. The hollow structure 2 can be one, two, or even more layers.

[0060] The hollow structure 2 can also cover a partial area of ​​the top plate 11. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG6 , the hollow structure 2 is arranged in the middle position of the top plate 11. The hollow structure 2 includes a two-layer cavity structure. The hollow structure 2 is arranged at the position of the top plate 11. The hollow structure 2 is directly above the radiation unit or antenna array 4. The electromagnetic waves of the radiation unit or antenna array 4 in the middle are radiated to the outside of the antenna cover through the multi-layer cavity structure, while the electromagnetic waves of the radiation units or antenna array 4 on both sides are radiated to the outside of the antenna cover only through the top plate 11 at the top of the antenna cover. The radiation units at different positions in the antenna cover radiate to the outside of the antenna cover through different electromagnetic wave transmission paths, thereby achieving different radiation performances.

[0061] There may also be multiple hollow structures 2 , and the multiple hollow structures 2 are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate 11 .

[0062] For example, as shown in FIG7 , in some embodiments of the present disclosure, there are two hollow structures 2, which are disposed on either side of the top plate 11 along the width direction, forming a structure in which the middle portion of the top plate 11 does not have an air cavity 201, while the two sides have air cavities 201. The structures with air cavities are located directly above the radiating units or antenna arrays on both sides. The electromagnetic waves from the radiating units or antenna arrays 4 on both sides are radiated to the outside of the radome through the top plate 11 with the air cavities 201, while the electromagnetic waves from the radiating units or antenna arrays 4 in the middle are radiated to the outside of the radome through only one layer of the top plate 11 of the radome.

[0063] It should be noted that the number of hollow structures 2 is not limited to one or two, and may also be three or more. The specific position and number of hollow structures 2 are related to the number and position of radiating elements or antenna arrays 4. Furthermore, the number and number of layers of air cavities 201 in the hollow structures 2 at different positions may be the same or different, and the cross-sectional shapes of the air cavities 201 in the hollow structures 2 at different positions may be the same or different.

[0064] As shown in conjunction with FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , in some embodiments of the present disclosure, at least a portion of the air cavity 201 is filled with a medium 202 , and the dielectric constant of the medium 202 is between that of air and the radome body 1 .

[0065] Specifically, when the air cavity 201 is not filled with the dielectric 202, the air cavity 201 is filled with air. When the air cavity 201 is filled with the dielectric 202, because the dielectric constant of the dielectric 202 is between that of air and the radome body 1, the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent of the resulting radome are higher than when the air cavity 201 is filled with air. By filling the dielectric, the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent of the radome can be adjusted to meet the electrical performance requirements of different radiating elements and antenna arrays.

[0066] After the structural dimensions of the radome are determined, a mold for forming the radome needs to be generated first. Once the mold is produced, the structural dimensions of the radome manufactured by the mold are fixed, and the equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent value of the radome are also fixed. When the radiating units and antenna arrays in the radome have other requirements for the electrical performance of the radome, the mold of the radome needs to be modified, which is relatively costly.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, a medium is filled in the air cavity 201. Depending on the material of the filling medium 202, the position and the amount of the filling medium 202, the equivalent dielectric constant and the equivalent loss tangent value of the antenna cover can be changed to meet the requirements of different radiation units and antenna arrays for the performance of the antenna cover, so that the antenna cover has a certain versatility.

[0068] Specifically, the air cavities 201 may be completely filled with the medium 2002, or only a portion of the air cavities 201 may be filled with the medium 202. Different air cavities 201 may be completely filled with the medium 202, or only a portion of the air cavities 201 may be filled with the medium 202.

[0069] It should be noted that the material of dielectric 202 can be the same as that of radome body 1, such as fiberglass, UPVC, or ASA. It can also be foam or other non-metallic dielectric materials, such as modified dielectrics or plastics such as POM, PC, and PE. The specific choice of dielectric material, the amount of air cavity 201 filled, the filling level of air cavity 201, and the filling position are all determined by the performance requirements of the radome for the radiating element and antenna array.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the radome body 1 and the hollow structure 2 are integrally formed by a pultrusion process or an injection molding process.

[0071] For example, Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a radome mold. The radome of the disclosed embodiment is produced using an integrated pultrusion process. As shown in Figure 4, the radome body 1 and hollow structure 2 are typically formed using a mold by stretching along the length of the antenna and the length of the air cavity 201 in the direction of the arrows. Each air cavity 201 is a rectangular parallelepiped along the direction of the arrows, with the length aligning with the array direction of the antenna array or base station antenna.

[0072] The integrated radome alters the propagation path of electromagnetic waves. By varying the size, number, wall thickness, and filling of the cavities, the radome's equivalent dielectric constant and equivalent loss tangent can be adjusted. This improves the radiating element's standing wave ratio and isolation, while enhancing radiation performance, horizontal beam convergence, and axial cross-polarization ratio. Furthermore, the radome's structural reliability is enhanced. The integrated pultrusion radome molding process is mature, low-cost, and provides excellent structural consistency, facilitating mass production and manufacturing.

[0073] Specifically, Figure 10 is a comparison curve of the standing wave ratio of the traditional radome and the radome in Figure 2. Among them, the dotted line is the standing wave ratio curve of the two polarizations of the radiating unit under the condition of the traditional radome, and the solid line is the standing wave ratio curve of the two polarizations of the radiating unit under the condition of applying the radome in Figure 2 of the present disclosure. Obviously, in the standing wave ratio of the frequency range of 1.8GHz to 2.1GHz, the standing wave ratio of the two polarizations of the radiating unit under the condition of applying the radome in Figure 2 of the present disclosure is better than the average value under the condition of the traditional radome, and the standing wave ratio in this frequency range is significantly improved; in the frequency ranges of 1.71GHz to 1.8GHz and 2.1GHz to 2.17GHz, the standing wave ratio of the two polarizations of the radiating unit is basically the same, with no obvious improvement, so other performance indicators remain basically unchanged.

[0074] Figure 11 compares the isolation performance of a conventional radome and that of the radome shown in Figure 2. The dashed line shows the isolation performance of the radiating element in both polarizations using the conventional radome, while the solid line shows the isolation performance using the radome shown in Figure 2 of the present disclosure. Clearly, within the frequency range of 1.71 GHz to 2.17 GHz, the radiating element isolation using the radome shown in Figure 2 of the present disclosure is superior to the average value obtained using the conventional radome, demonstrating a significant improvement in isolation performance within this frequency range. In particular, within the frequency range of 1.8 GHz to 2.17 GHz, the minimum isolation performance is improved by 1.5 dB, while the maximum is increased by 3 dB.

[0075] Figure 12 is a comparison curve of the cross-polarization ratio of the traditional radome and the radome in Figure 2. The dotted line is the cross-polarization ratio curve of the radiating unit under the traditional radome condition, and the solid line is the cross-polarization ratio curve of the radiating unit under the radome in Figure 2 of the present disclosure. Obviously, at the three sampling frequency points of 1.71 GHz, 1.92 GHz, and 2.17 GHz, the cross-polarization ratio of the radiating unit under the radome in Figure 2 of the present disclosure is better than the average value under the traditional radome condition. The cross-polarization ratio in the frequency range of 1.71 GHz to 2.17 GHz is significantly improved, including the values ​​of the axial cross-polarization ratio and the ±15 degree cross-polarization ratio; in particular, the value of the axial cross-polarization ratio in the frequency range of 1.8 GHz to 2.17 GHz is improved by 5-7 dB.

[0076] Figure 13 compares the gain and horizontal beamwidth of a conventional radome and that of the radome shown in Figure 2. The dashed line shows the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the radiating element using the conventional radome, while the solid line shows the gain and horizontal beamwidth of the radiating element using the radome shown in Figure 2 of the present disclosure. Clearly, at the three sampling frequencies of 1.71 GHz, 1.92 GHz, and 2.17 GHz, the gain of the radiating element using the radome shown in Figure 2 of the present disclosure is higher than the average gain of the radiating element using the conventional radome at the corresponding frequencies, by 0.03 dB, 0.08 dB, and 0.06 dB, respectively. The convergence of the 3dB horizontal beamwidth in the frequency range of 1.71GHz to 2.17GHz is significantly improved. The 3dB horizontal beamwidth of the radiating element under the traditional radome ranges from 66.19° to 69.95°, that is, the horizontal beamwidth convergence is 3.76°. When the radome in Figure 2 is used, the 3dB horizontal beamwidth of the radiating element ranges from 66.99° to 68.00°, that is, the horizontal beamwidth convergence is 1.01°.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0078] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present disclosure, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather to be construed in the broadest manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A radome, wherein: Including the radome body and the hollow structure, The interior of the antenna cover body is provided with an accommodating cavity; The hollow structure is fixedly attached to at least one side surface of the radome body, and the hollow structure and the radome body are integrally formed; The hollow structure has at least one layer of cavity structure, and each layer of the cavity structure includes at least one air cavity.

2. The radome according to claim 1, wherein: The hollow structure includes at least one layer of partition, and the partition includes a first guard plate and a first partition plate. The first guard plate is arranged opposite to a side surface of the antenna cover body. There are multiple first partition plates, and the multiple first partition plates are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the first guard plate.

3. The radome according to claim 2, wherein: When the number of the partitions is one layer, the two ends of the first partition plate are respectively connected to the first protective plate and the inner wall of the antenna cover body, dividing the space between the inner wall of the antenna cover body and the first protective plate into one or more air cavities.

4. The radome according to claim 2, wherein: When the number of the separators is multiple layers, the multiple layers of the separators are stacked, and the multiple first separator plates of each layer of the separators are connected to the first guard plates of the separators of the adjacent layer, so that the space between the two adjacent layers of the first guard plates is divided into multiple air cavities; The first partition plate of the partition adjacent to the inner wall of the radome body is connected to the inner wall of the radome body.

5. The radome according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna cover body includes a bottom plate, a side plate and a top plate. There are two side plates, which are arranged opposite to each other, and the two ends of the side plates are respectively connected to the top plate and the bottom plate; the hollow structure is arranged on the top plate, and the length direction of the air cavity is consistent with the length direction of the top plate.

6. The radome according to claim 5, wherein: The plurality of air cavities in each layer of the cavity structure are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate.

7. The radome according to claim 5, wherein: The number of the hollow structure is one, and one hollow structure covers the entire area or a part of the area of the top plate.

8. The radome according to claim 5, wherein: There are multiple hollow structures, and the multiple hollow structures are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the top plate.

9. The radome according to claim 1, wherein: At least a portion of the air cavity is filled with a medium, and the dielectric constant of the medium is between that of air and the radome body.

10. The radome according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna cover body and the hollow structure are integrally formed through a pultrusion process or an injection molding process.

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