Method for applying X-ray to artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of physical prevention and control of pests and biological prevention and control of pests, in particular to a method for using X rays for artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps. According to the method, the host eggs or the larvae or the pupae are irradiated through X rays, the irradiated host eggs or the larvae or the pupae serve as hosts to be provided for parasitic wasps to parasitize, and the parasitized host eggs or the larvae or the pupae are bred according to a conventional method. The parasitic wasps and hosts are automatically separated according to the characteristics that the parasitic wasps can complete growth and development in host eggs or larvae or pupae, and host eggs or larvae or pupae irradiated by X rays are hindered in growth and development and cannot normally eclode adults, so that the process of artificially feeding the parasitic wasps is simplified, and the aim of artificially feeding and breeding the parasitic wasps in a large quantity is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of physical pest control and biological pest control, and in particular to a method for artificial mass breeding of parasitic bees using X-rays. Background Art

[0002] With the development of social economy, the status and role of biological pest control are becoming increasingly important. Large-scale breeding and release of natural enemies can timely increase the population of natural enemies in the field and control pests below the level of economic harm, thereby ensuring high crop yields and environmental safety.

[0003] The large-scale reproduction of natural enemies is inseparable from the host, but the host and the natural enemy need to be separated during the large-scale reproduction process of natural enemies. If the host is a pest, if the separation is not thorough, the number of field pests will be artificially increased during the release of the natural enemy, affecting the prevention and control effect, and even leading to the introduction of foreign or new pests into new areas, resulting in serious consequences, bringing greater harm, and even ecological disasters.

[0004] Separating hosts and natural enemies during the mass reproduction of natural enemies requires a lot of labor and time. Some operations during the separation process may even damage the natural enemies, affect the quality of the natural enemies, and reduce the prevention and control effectiveness of the natural enemies. Therefore, separating hosts (especially when the hosts are pests) and natural enemies is a bottleneck in the mass reproduction of many natural enemies.

[0005] In addition to being directly used for pest control (such as insect radiation sterilization technology), X-rays can also be used for mass production, transportation and release of natural enemies, which is conducive to the standardization of mass breeding of natural enemies, omitting the process of separating hosts and natural enemies during natural enemy breeding, and can achieve the purpose of direct packaging, transportation and use of parasitic wasps, saving breeding costs, improving breeding efficiency, and at the same time improving the quality of natural enemies and the safety of mass breeding and production of natural enemies.

[0006] The application of X-rays in artificial mass breeding of natural enemies is of great significance for promoting the artificial mass breeding of natural enemies of pests in my country. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps using X-rays.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for artificially mass-rearing parasitic bees by using X-rays, comprising: irradiating host eggs, larvae or pupae with X-rays, providing the irradiated host eggs, larvae or pupae to parasitic bees for parasitism, artificially rearing the parasitic host eggs, larvae or pupae according to conventional methods, and automatically separating the parasitic bees from the host by utilizing the fact that the parasitic bees can complete their growth and development in the host body, while the host eggs or larvae irradiated by X-rays have their growth and development blocked and cannot hatch into adults, thereby simplifying the process of artificially rearing parasitic bees and achieving the purpose of artificially rearing and breeding parasitic bees in large quantities; Further, the host includes but is not limited to fruit fly pests, and the parasitic wasps include but are not limited to parasitic wasps of fruit fly pests; Furthermore, the fruit fly pests include but are not limited to Bactrocera dorsalis, and the parasitic wasps include but are not limited to Bactrocera indica; Furthermore, the larvae of the fruit fly are irradiated with X-rays, and the irradiated fruit fly larvae are provided to the Indian fruit fly wasp for parasitism. The parasitized fruit fly larvae are artificially raised according to conventional methods, and the Indian fruit fly wasp can normally emerge from the host, while the larvae of the fruit fly irradiated by X-rays cannot normally emerge into adult fruit flies after pupation, so as to automatically separate the parasitic wasp and the host, thereby simplifying the process of artificially raising the Indian fruit fly wasp, and achieving the purpose of artificially raising and breeding the Indian fruit fly wasp in large quantities; Furthermore, the larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis are third-instar larvae; Furthermore, the irradiation treatment has a dose of 40 Gy and a dose rate of 1 Gy / min.

[0009] The significant advantages of the present invention are: The Indian fruit fly wasp lays its eggs in the third-instar larvae of the host fruit fly pest (including the orange fruit fly) and develops in the host. Therefore, it is necessary to separate the unparasitized host (fruit fly pest). If it is not separated when released, the number of field pests will be artificially increased, affecting the control effect and even leading to serious consequences. However, artificial separation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the separation is not thorough, and the quality of the Indian fruit fly wasp is also reduced. The present invention takes the artificial mass breeding of the Indian fruit fly wasp, a parasitic natural enemy of the larvae of the dipteran fruit fly pest orange fruit fly, as an example, and provides a technology and method for applying X-rays to artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps. First, the citrus fruit fly is artificially bred to obtain the third-instar larvae of the citrus fruit fly; then, the third-instar larvae of the citrus fruit fly are irradiated with X-rays at a dose rate of 1 Gy / min for 40 minutes to obtain the third-instar larvae of the citrus fruit fly irradiated by X-rays; then, the irradiated third-instar larvae of the citrus fruit fly are provided to Indian fruit fly wasps for parasitism, and the parasitized third-instar larvae of the citrus fruit fly are raised according to the conventional method of the citrus fruit fly, and finally all the bred are Indian fruit fly wasps, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically separating the host and the parasitic wasp, simplifying the breeding process, saving the breeding cost, and improving the breeding and release efficiency. Therefore, the Indian fruit fly wasps bred by this method can be directly packaged, transported and released. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] In order to make the contents of the present invention easier to understand, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0011] The artificial feed for adults involved in the following examples is prepared by mixing yeast and white sugar in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0012] The artificial feed for larvae involved in the following examples is prepared from 144 g of white sugar, 108 g of yeast, 84 g of bagasse, 72 g of wheat germ, 1 g of sodium benzoate, 1 g of methyl parahydroxybenzoate, 3 ml of hydrochloric acid and 732 ml of tap water.

[0013] Embodiment 1: A method for artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps using X-rays comprises the following steps: S1: Acquisition of third-instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis S1-1: Place 4L of Bactrocera dorsalis pupae (about 100,000 Bactrocera dorsalis adults after emergence) in a multifunctional fruit fly adult rearing cage (patent number: ZL 201220177838.4), provide artificial feed and water for the adults, and artificially rear the flies at a temperature of (25±1)℃, relative humidity RH (65±5)%, and a light cycle of L:D=12:12.

[0014] S1-2: On the 10th day after the emergence of adult Bactrocera dorsalis, use a homemade egg-collecting bottle (500 ml washing bottle with small holes of 0.5 mm in diameter evenly drilled on the bottle wall, and the bottle is moistened by spraying water) to collect eggs from the egg-collecting hole on the multifunctional adult breeding cage. Take out the eggs after 24 hours, flush them out with water, and collect them in a measuring cylinder.

[0015] S1-3: Add artificial larval diet to a larval rearing tray (plastic tray, length * width * height = 45.0cm * 30cm * 5.5cm), take 5 ml of the above-collected Bactrocera dorsalis eggs and spread them on the artificial larval diet, and artificially raise them at a temperature of (26±1)℃, relative humidity RH (80±5)% and dark conditions until the larvae develop into mature ones.

[0016] S1-4: Put 2kg of cleaned dry sand in a pupation tray (length*width*height=65cm*40cm*15cm), add 100ml of water and mix well, and provide it to the mature larvae for pupation. When the larvae develop to the third instar, they are mature larvae and will jump out of the larval feed. You can catch them in the pupation tray.

[0017] S2: Irradiation treatment of third instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis Place 100 third-instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis in a plastic culture dish and add pure water. The amount of pure water added should be just enough to cover the larvae and keep them still. Then place the culture dish in the irradiation chamber of an X-ray machine (model: XL1606HD, produced by Changzhou Sairui Instrument Technology Co., Ltd.) and irradiate for 40 minutes at a dose rate of 1Gy / min (i.e., the irradiation dose is 40Gy).

[0018] S3: The third instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis parasitized by irradiation After the irradiation treatment, the culture dish was transferred to a C. indica adult rearing tank for 10 pairs (male-female ratio 1:1) of C. indica that had not laid eggs within 24 hours of emergence to parasitize for 24 hours.

[0019] S4: Rearing and pupation of parasitized irradiated larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis The parasitized 3rd instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis were raised according to the conventional method of Bactrocera dorsalis. During this period, the number of deaths of the host and the number of subsequent pupation and emergence were recorded. All parasitoids that emerged from the host were collected, and the number of female and male bees that emerged was counted respectively, the proportion of female bees was calculated, and the life span of female and male bees was counted. The Indian fruit fly wasp that was raised with the 3rd instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis that were not irradiated as hosts was used as the control group. Parasitism rate (%) = number of parasitized larvae / total number of test larvae × 100.

[0020] Repeat 3 times.

[0021] As shown in Table 1, no adult fruit flies emerged from the irradiated hosts, indicating that irradiating the third-instar larvae of the orange fruit fly with a dose of 40Gy and a dose rate of 1Gy / min completely inhibited the emergence of the fruit flies, but did not affect the development of parasitic wasps in them. As shown in Table 1, there was no significant difference in the parasitism rate of the parasitic irradiated hosts and the number and lifespan of parasitic wasps that emerged from the irradiated hosts compared with the control group.

[0022] Table 1

[0023] It can be seen from this that the use of X-rays for artificial mass breeding of natural enemies can reduce the large amount of labor required to separate hosts and parasitic wasps during parasitic wasp breeding, while improving the biosafety of the parasitic wasp release process. X-ray irradiation is also beneficial to the standardization of parasitic wasp breeding and the control of parasitic wasp quality, etc.

[0024] The present invention can be used for artificial mass breeding of all natural enemies. For example, for artificial mass breeding of egg parasitic wasps, X-rays are used to irradiate host eggs of suitable egg age; for artificial mass breeding of larval parasitic wasps, X-rays are used to irradiate host larvae of suitable age; and the same is true for pupal parasitic wasps. Therefore, all changes and modifications made by referring to the present invention for patent application are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for artificial mass breeding of parasitic wasps using X-rays, characterized in that: The host eggs, larvae or pupae are irradiated with X-rays, and the irradiated host eggs, larvae or pupae are provided to parasitic wasps for parasitism. The parasitic host eggs, larvae or pupae are artificially raised according to conventional methods. The parasitic wasps and the hosts are automatically separated by taking advantage of the fact that the parasitic wasps can grow and develop normally in the host body, while the growth and development of the host eggs, larvae or pupae irradiated by X-rays are hindered and cannot emerge as adults, thereby simplifying the process of artificially raising parasitic wasps and achieving the purpose of artificially raising and breeding parasitic wasps in large quantities.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host includes but is not limited to fruit fly pests, and the parasitic wasps include but are not limited to parasitic wasps of fruit fly pests.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fruit fly pests include but are not limited to the oriental fruit fly, and the parasitic wasps include but are not limited to the Indian fruit fly Diplocera.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The larvae of the fruit fly are irradiated with X-rays, and the irradiated larvae are provided to the Indian fruit fly wasp for parasitism. The parasitized fruit fly larvae are raised according to the conventional method. The parasitic wasp and the host are automatically separated by utilizing the fact that the Indian fruit fly wasp can normally emerge from the host, while the larvae of the fruit fly irradiated by X-rays cannot normally emerge into adult fruit flies after pupation, thereby simplifying the process of artificially raising the Indian fruit fly wasp and achieving the purpose of artificially raising and breeding the Indian fruit fly wasp in large quantities.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The larvae of the citrus fruit fly are third-instar larvae.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dose of the irradiation treatment is 40 Gy, and the dose rate is 1 Gy / min.

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