Intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, and first realizes high-performance low-pressure counter-gravity smooth filling of a metal melt, and then realizes intelligent high-cooling-speed high-performance solidification of the metal melt based on the digital boiling cooling channel. Through the method, not only can the low-pressure counter-gravity casting be realized to reduce defects such as air entrapment and oxidized slag inclusion, ensure sufficient feeding under pressure solidification, reduce problems such as shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity and hot cracking, and thus obtain a dense structure, but also the intelligent cooling-speed enhanced solidification and sequential solidification of any shape casting in a three-dimensional space can be realized based on the digital boiling cooling channel, a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and few defects is obtained, and finally a high-performance high-end complex casting is produced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of digital intelligent casting, and particularly relates to an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Low-pressure counter-gravity casting is a casting method that makes metal liquid fill a mold against the direction of gravity under pressure. The process is as follows: first, the metal melt is put into a sealed holding furnace, then dry compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace, the gas pressure makes the metal liquid in the holding furnace rise along the riser pipe, enter the mold cavity through the sprue, the gas pressure on the holding furnace is continuously maintained until the metal liquid completely fills the mold cavity and solidifies under this pressure to form a casting, then the pressure in the holding furnace is released, the un-solidified metal liquid in the riser pipe flows back to the holding furnace, finally the pressure applied by the pressing device on the top of the mold is released, and the casting is taken out. Compared with gravity casting, low-pressure counter-gravity casting can make the metal melt slowly and uniformly fill the mold under low pressure, reduce turbulence and the generation of bubbles during the filling process, and reduce defects such as gas entrapment and oxidized slag. In addition, solidification under pressure helps to fill the interdendritic space, reducing casting defects such as shrinkage, porosity and hot cracking, thereby obtaining a dense solidification structure. Therefore, the low-pressure counter-gravity casting method is often used in the casting process of parts in key fields such as aerospace and automotive transportation.

[0003] However, the structure of parts in these fields is usually complex, and once the cooling speed is slow and lacks intelligent control during the casting process, problems such as coarse grains, large secondary dendrite arm spacing, high defect rate and low yield rate are easily caused.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new scheme to solve the defects and deficiencies in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the defects and deficiencies in the prior art, the application provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof.

[0006] The technical effect of the application is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0007] The intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel comprises a holding furnace, a crucible is arranged in the holding furnace, a metal melt is filled in the crucible, an air inlet is formed in the side wall of the holding furnace and above the crucible, a riser pipe is arranged in the crucible, one end of the riser pipe is located in the crucible and extends into the metal melt, and the other end of the riser pipe extends out of the top of the holding furnace and communicates with the inside of a mold.

[0008] The outer periphery of the mold is covered with a split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity, the inside of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity is provided with a nozzle and a sensor, and the bottom of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity is provided with a guide rail.

[0009] One side of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity is provided with a boiling bed, the boiling bed is arranged in the cooling device, the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity is communicated with the boiling bed through an outer side digital boiling cooling channel set, and the boiling bed is provided with an input pipeline and an output pipeline communicated with the digital boiling cooling channel set on the two sides, respectively, an input adjusting valve is arranged on the input pipeline, and an output adjusting valve is arranged on the output pipeline.

[0010] The digital boiling cooling channel set comprises a working digital boiling cooling channel combination capable of adapting to the cooling demand of the to-be-cooled mold with different three-dimensional space configurations.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the bottom of the mold is provided in a cylindrical shape, the top of the holding furnace is provided in a boss shape matched with the bottom of the mold, and a sealing element is arranged between the outer wall of the bottom of the mold and the inner wall of the top of the holding furnace.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, after the mold is completely solidified, the mold is separated from the riser pipe, and the metal melt in the mold is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas medium are combined in a pre-set boiling mode in the boiling bed to achieve enhanced cooling, the heat-conducting solid particles are selected from a mixture of at least one or more of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, stainless steel, and the gas medium is selected from a mixture of at least one or more of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, xenon.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the input pipeline and the top of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity are further connected with an upper gas input pipe set.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the cooling speed of the metal melt in the mold satisfies the following relationship:

[0016] Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345

[0017] Wherein,

[0018] Q is cooling speed, K / s;

[0019] S is cross-sectional area of the casting, mm 2 ;

[0020] T is wall thickness of the casting, mm;

[0021] P is gas pressure of the boiling cooling medium, bar;

[0022] V is flow rate of the boiling cooling medium, L / min;

[0023] Q0, S0, T0, P0, V0 are reference values selected for realizing dimensionless, wherein Q0 = 1 K / s, S0 = 100 mm 2 , T0 = 1 mm, P0 = 1 bar, V0 = 1 L / min.

[0024] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the nozzles and sensors are arranged annularly and uniformly on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, and are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, the working surface of the nozzle is fan-shaped and can correspondingly adjust the working parameters of the nozzle, the working parameters of the nozzle at least include jet flow, jet gas pressure, jet angle and jet cross section; and wherein the adjustment priority of the jet flow and the jet gas pressure is higher than the adjustment priority of the jet angle and the jet cross section.

[0025] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the casting device is connected with a control system, the control system determines a working digital boiling cooling channel combination capable of meeting the cooling requirement of the three-dimensional space configuration of the to-be-cooled casting according to the three-dimensional space configuration of the to-be-cooled casting and its cooling requirement in the set of digital boiling cooling channels.

[0026] As a further preferred embodiment of the present application, the control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensors:

[0027] First, according to the temperature of each layer of the casting detected by the sensor in real time, the cooling channel is opened layer by layer from top to bottom according to the determined working digital boiling cooling channel combination, so as to ensure that the metal melt in the casting is cooled and solidified layer by layer from top to bottom;

[0028] Second, if the temperature of the completed solidification part above the current cooling enhancement layer is detected by the sensor in real time and is higher than the preset temperature, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement on the position;

[0029] Third, if the temperature of a certain layer under the current cooling reinforcement layer is detected by the sensor in real time and is reduced to below the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, the control system issues a pressurization instruction to increase the gas pressure in the holding furnace, and the metal melt is driven to rise to increase the temperature of the layer.

[0030] Further, the present application also provides a control method of the intelligent casting device based on the digital boiling cooling channel, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step S1: According to the requirements, the metal elements are matched and melted into a metal melt, and then the melted metal melt is transferred to the crucible for standby, and the crucible is placed in the holding furnace;

[0032] Step S2: Prepare the inverted mold, connect the inverted mold with the top of the riser pipe, place the bottom of the riser pipe in the crucible and extend into the metal melt, use the guide rail to wrap the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity around the mold, form a closed cooling cavity outside the mold, and wait for filling;

[0033] Step S3: Compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace through the gas inlet, so that the metal melt in the crucible enters the inside of the mold through the riser pipe until the mold is filled;

[0034] Step S4: According to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled mold, determine the working digital boiling cooling channel combination capable of meeting the cooling requirements of the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold from the digital boiling cooling channel set;

[0035] Step S5: According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor, sequentially open the working digital boiling cooling channel combination in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity from top to bottom, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed enters the digital boiling cooling channel through the input regulating valve and the input pipeline in turn, and then flows into the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity layer by layer, to cool and reinforce the mold layer by layer, and then the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed through the output regulating valve and the output channel, forming a circulation; In this process, the working parameters of the nozzle for spraying the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time according to the cooling and solidification of the mold until the metal melt is completely solidified;

[0036] Step S6: After the metal melt is completely solidified, the input regulating valve is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity completely flows back to the boiling bed along the output pipeline;

[0037] Step S7: Bleed air to reduce pressure, make the metal melt in the riser pipe flow back to the crucible, separate the mold from the riser pipe and take out the mold from the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity, and then take out the casting from the mold for post-processing.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] 1) The present application provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, which combines low-pressure counter-gravity casting with digital boiling cooling channel cooling rate enhancement technology. First, high-performance low-pressure counter-gravity smooth filling of the metal melt is achieved. Second, under the condition of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement in the digital boiling cooling channel, high-performance solidification of the metal melt is completed. This method not only realizes smooth low-pressure counter-gravity filling, reduces gas entrapment and oxidation inclusion defects, but also solidifies under pressure, which can ensure sufficient feeding and reduce defects such as shrinkage, porosity, and hot cracking, thereby obtaining a dense casting structure. At the same time, under the condition of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement in the digital boiling cooling channel, intelligent cooling rate enhancement and sequential solidification of castings with any spatial configuration in three-dimensional space can be realized, and a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing, and few defects can be obtained, ultimately obtaining high-performance complex high-end castings.

[0040] 2) The present application provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, which realizes layer-by-layer cooling rate enhancement through a digital boiling cooling channel, which is different from traditional overall cooling rate enhancement. Through the nozzles and sensors arranged in a ring shape on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity, online monitoring and intelligent control of the solidification process can be realized, thereby realizing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the casting, obtaining a solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing, and few defects. At the same time, unlike traditional single-medium water cooling or gas cooling, the mixed medium of high-thermal-conductivity solid particles and gas is used to implement enhanced cooling in a boiling manner, which can maintain the suspension and movement of the thermal-conductivity solid medium particles, enhance the convective heat transfer between the cooling medium and the mold, strengthen the cooling of the casting in the mold, and prevent the mold from cracking and collapsing due to excessive temperature difference between the melt and the cooling medium on both sides of the mold.

[0041] 3) The present application provides an intelligent casting device based on a digital boiling cooling channel and a control method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects through real-time monitoring and feedback control of the control system: by monitoring the temperature of each layer of the mold in real time and opening the cooling channels layer by layer from top to bottom, the uniform cooling and sequential solidification of the metal melt are ensured, thereby significantly improving the quality; when an abnormal temperature rise is detected in the solidified part above the cooling enhancement layer, the system can automatically feedback and reopen the corresponding cooling channel to implement secondary cooling enhancement, preventing defects caused by insufficient feeding when the casting solidifies after local remelting; if the temperature below the cooling enhancement layer is detected to be below the preset value, the control system can issue a pressurization instruction to increase the gas pressure in the holding furnace, driving the metal melt to rise and thereby increasing the temperature of the layer, preventing the metal melt below the cooling enhancement layer from solidifying prematurely and blocking the feeding channel, which can cause defects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the casting device of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the overall steps of the control method of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of steps S1-S2 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of step S3 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of S4 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 6 Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of step S5 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of step S6 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of step S7 of the embodiment of the present application;

[0050] In the figure: 1 - holding furnace; 2 - crucible; 3 - metal melt; 4 - gas inlet; 5 - liquid lift pipe; 6 - mold; 7 - boiling bed; 8 - cooling device; 9 - input pipe; 10 - input regulating valve; 11 - digitalized boiling cooling channel set; 12 - upper gas output pipe set; 13 - split digitalized multi-channel cooling cavity; 14 - nozzle; 15 - sensor; 16 - guide rail; 17 - output regulating valve; 18 - output pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0052] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "provided with", "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connection" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be direct connection, can also be indirect connection through intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] [Device embodiment]

[0055] As Figure 1 The intelligent casting device based on digital boiling cooling channel provided by the device embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure, which comprises a holding furnace 1, the inside of the holding furnace 1 is provided with a crucible 2, the inside of the crucible 2 is filled with a metal melt 3, the metal melt 3 can be selected according to the actual demand, the side wall of the holding furnace 1 and above the crucible 2 is provided with an air inlet 4 for introducing compressed gas into the inside of the holding furnace 1, the inside of the crucible 2 is provided with a liquid lifting pipe 5, one end of the liquid lifting pipe 5 is located in the inside of the crucible 2 and extends into the inside of the metal melt 3, the other end of the liquid lifting pipe 5 extends out of the top of the holding furnace 1 and communicates with the inside of a casting mold 6, after the compressed gas is introduced into the inside of the holding furnace 1 through the air inlet 4, the metal melt 3 can be driven to rise from the bottom of the liquid lifting pipe 5 and fill into the inside of the mold cavity of the casting mold 6;

[0056] The outside of the casting mold 6 is covered with a split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, the inside of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is provided with a nozzle 14 and a sensor 15, and the bottom of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is provided with a guide rail 16; through the nozzle 14 and the sensor 15 arranged on the inner wall of the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, online monitoring and intelligent control of the solidification process can be realized, so as to realize layer-by-layer cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the casting, obtain solidification structure with refined grain structure, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and few defects; the guide rail 16 is arranged to push the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 to realize its separation or combination, and then realize the covering of the inside casting mold 6;

[0057] The boiling bed 7 is arranged on one side of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and is arranged in the cooling device 8 for adjusting the temperature of the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7. The split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is in communication with the boiling bed 7 through the external digital boiling cooling channel set 11. The boiling bed 7 is respectively provided with an input pipeline 9 and an output pipeline 18 in communication with the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 on two sides. The input regulating valve 10 is arranged on the input pipeline 9, and the output regulating valve 17 is arranged on the output pipeline 18. The boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 can enter the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 through the input pipeline 9, and then enter the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13. The cooled boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed 7 through the output pipeline 18 to realize the cooling cycle. The input regulating valve 10 is used to control the opening and closing and flow regulation of the input pipeline 9, and the output regulating valve 17 is used to control the opening and closing and flow regulation of the output pipeline 18.

[0058] The digital boiling cooling channel set 11 includes a working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the cooling requirements of the to-be-cooled casting mold 6 with different three-dimensional spatial configurations, so that the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the cooling requirements of the casting mold 6 with a three-dimensional spatial configuration can be determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11 according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled casting mold 6, thereby realizing intelligent cold speed enhancement solidification and sequential solidification of the casting with any spatial configuration in the three-dimensional space, obtaining a solidification structure with refined grain organization, small secondary dendrite arm spacing and few defects, and finally obtaining a high-performance complex high-end casting, effectively increasing the application range.

[0059] As shown in Figure 1 In the embodiment, the bottom of the casting mold 6 is in the form of a cylinder, and the top of the holding furnace 1 is in the form of a boss that is limitedly matched with the bottom of the casting mold 6. A sealing element is arranged between the outer wall of the bottom of the casting mold 6 and the inner wall of the top of the holding furnace 1 to ensure the sealing effect between the holding furnace 1 and the casting mold 6 during casting. After the casting mold 6 is completely solidified, the casting mold 6 is separated from the riser pipe 5, so that the metal melt 3 in the casting mold 6 is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure to obtain a casting.

[0060] The boiling bed 7 in the embodiment combines the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas medium in a predetermined boiling manner to achieve enhanced cooling. The heat-conducting solid particles can be selected from at least one or more of a mixture of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and stainless steel. The gas medium can be selected from at least one or more of a mixture of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, and xenon. The heat-conducting solid particles are suspended and moved in a compressed boiling gas at a high temperature, and the gas and the heat-conducting solid particle mixed medium are in convection with the mold to enhance the cooling effect of the casting in the mold. Unlike the traditional single medium water cooling or gas cooling, the heat-conducting solid particles and the gas mixed medium are used to implement enhanced cooling in a boiling manner, which can maintain the suspension of the heat-conducting solid particles, enhance the convection between the cooling medium and the mold, and prevent the mold from cracking and collapsing due to a large temperature difference between the melt and the cooling medium on both sides of the mold.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, the input pipe 9 is connected to the top of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13. Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the input pipe 9 is connected to the top of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13.

[0062] The cooling speed of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 needs to satisfy the following relationship:

[0063] Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345

[0064] wherein,

[0065] Q is the cooling speed, K / s;

[0066] S is the cross-sectional area of the casting, mm 2 ;

[0067] T is the wall thickness of the casting, mm;

[0068] P is the gas pressure of the boiling cooling medium, bar;

[0069] V is the flow rate of the boiling cooling medium, L / Min;

[0070] Q0, S0, T0, P0, and V0 are reference values selected for dimensionless, wherein Q0=1 K / s, S0=100 mm 2T0 = 1 mm, P0 = 1 bar, V0 = 1 L / min.

[0071] From the above formula, it can be seen that in order to ensure the same cooling speed, different boiling cooling medium gas pressures and boiling cooling medium gas pressures need to be provided for castings with different three-dimensional spatial configurations to achieve intelligent cooling speed enhancement solidification and sequential solidification of the castings, obtain grain structure refinement, small secondary dendrite arm spacing, and defect-free solidification structure, and ultimately obtain high-performance complex high-end castings.

[0072] The nozzles 14 and the sensors 15 are uniformly arranged in a ring on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 and are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13. The working surface of the nozzle 14 is fan-shaped. The boiling cooling medium is sent into the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 through the nozzle 14. In order to meet the cooling needs of castings with different three-dimensional spatial configurations, the working parameters of the nozzle can be adjusted correspondingly. In this embodiment, the working parameters of the nozzle include at least the jet flow, the jet gas pressure, the jet angle, and the jet cross section. The priority of adjusting the working parameters of the nozzle can be set according to the cooling requirements of the casting. As one of the preferred embodiments, the jet flow and the jet gas pressure are adjusted first because they directly affect the delivery efficiency of the cooling medium and the uniformity of the cooling effect. Then, according to the geometry and cooling requirements of the casting, the jet angle and the jet cross section are adjusted to ensure that the cooling medium can cover the key areas of the casting and avoid local overcooling or overheating.

[0073] The casting device in this embodiment is also connected with a control system, which is used to determine the corresponding working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 and perform corresponding control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor 15.

[0074] On the one hand, the control system determines the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can meet the cooling requirements of the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled casting 6 from the set of digital boiling cooling channels 11 according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled casting 6 and its cooling requirements.

[0075] On the other hand, the control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor 15:

[0076] First, the temperature of each layer of the casting 6 is detected in real time by the sensor 15, and the cooling channels are opened layer by layer from top to bottom according to the determined working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19, so as to ensure the layer-by-layer cooling enhancement and sequential solidification of the metal melt 3 in the casting 6 from top to bottom.

[0077] Second, if the temperature of the part of the current cooling enhancement layer above which has been completed solidification is detected by the sensor 15 in real time and is higher than the preset temperature, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement on the position;

[0078] Third, if the temperature of a certain layer below the current cooling enhancement layer is detected by the sensor 15 in real time and is lower than the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system issues a pressurization instruction to increase the gas pressure in the holding furnace (1) to drive the metal melt 3 to rise to increase the temperature of the layer.

[0079] [Method embodiment]

[0080] As shown in the drawings, the present application also provides a control method of the intelligent casting device based on the digital boiling cooling channel mentioned in the device embodiment, which comprises the following steps: Figures 2-8

[0081] Step S1: According to the requirements, the metal elements are proportioned and melted into a metal melt 3, and then the melted metal melt 3 is transferred to a crucible 2 for standby, and the crucible 2 is placed in a holding furnace 1;

[0082] Step S2: Prepare an inverted casting mold 6, connect the inverted casting mold 6 with the top of the riser pipe 5, place the bottom of the riser pipe 5 in the crucible 2 and extend into the metal melt 3, cover the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 on the outer periphery of the casting mold 6 with the guide rail 16, form a closed cooling cavity outside the casting mold 6, and wait for filling;

[0083] Step S3: Compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the gas inlet 4, so that the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the inside of the casting mold 6 through the riser pipe 5 until the casting mold 6 is filled;

[0084] Step S4: According to the three-dimensional space configuration of the casting mold 6 to be cooled, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 capable of meeting the cooling demand of the three-dimensional space configuration of the casting mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11;

[0085] ​Step S5: According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is sequentially turned on from top to bottom, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 sequentially passes through the input regulating valve 10 and the input pipeline 9 into the digital boiling cooling channel 11, and then flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 layer by layer, thereby performing layer-by-layer cooling enhancement on the casting mold 6, and then the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed 7 through the output regulating valve 17 and the output channel 18, forming a circulation; in this process, the working parameters of the nozzle 14 for spraying the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time according to the cooling and solidification condition of the casting mold 6 until the metal melt 3 is completely solidified;

[0086] Step S6: After the metal melt 3 is completely solidified, the input regulating valve 10 is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 completely flows back to the boiling bed 7 along the output pipeline 18;

[0087] Step S7: The gas is released to reduce the pressure, the metal melt 3 in the riser tube 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the casting mold 6 is separated from the riser tube 5 and taken out from the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the casting mold 6 for post-processing.

[0088] The technical solutions of the present application and the corresponding technical effects achieved are specifically described below through Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1.

[0089] [Example 1]

[0090] I. Smooth filling of the metal melt 3: The required casting mold is a Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting, intermediate alloys of Mg-Gd, Mg-Y and Mg-Zr and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the metering ratio to melt and prepare the metal melt 3, and the metal melt 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby; the casting mold 6 is inverted and connected with the riser tube 5, and waits for filling; the compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the gas inlet 4, the pressurization rate is 25 mBar / s, the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting mold 6 through the riser tube 5, and the casting mold 6 is filled until the casting mold 6 is filled;

[0091] II. Enhanced cooling based on split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13: After the mold 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the three-dimensional spatial cooling demand of the mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is opened from top to bottom in turn, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 layer by layer, and the mold 6 is cooled layer by layer to enhance; during the process of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement, according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of different height parts of the mold 6, the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted, so that the cooling speed of different height parts of the mold 6 is consistent; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; the gas is discharged to reduce the pressure, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser pipe 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the mold 6 is separated from the riser pipe 5 and taken out from the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the mold 6 for post-processing.

[0092] Wherein, the specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is layer-by-layer cooled and enhanced in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is as follows: (the inverted top radial protruding part of the mold 6 is taken as the first layer, the bottom radial concave part of the first layer is taken as the second layer, and so on)

[0093] (1) When the "first layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 10 mm, a cross-sectional area of 200 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 5 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 2.5 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 5.1 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 20 k / s;

[0094] (2) When the "second layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 12 mm, a cross-sectional area of 150 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 6 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 4.9 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 3.7 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 20 k / s;

[0095] (3) When the "third layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 14 mm, a cross-sectional area of 300 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 10 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 7.8 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 7.7 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 20 k / s;

[0096] (4) When the "fourth layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 16 mm, a cross-sectional area of 250 mm 2, when the wall thickness is 5 mm, the gas pressure of the boiling cooling medium is adjusted to 3.9 bar, and the flow rate of the boiling cooling medium is adjusted to 6.5 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of the layer is 20 k / s;

[0097] The post-processing is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 °C solid solution treatment for 12 h, 70 °C hot water quenching, and 200 °C aging treatment for 120 h, so that the high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.08%, a maximum defect of 38 um, a grain size of 21 um, a yield strength of 235 MPa, a tensile strength of 343 MPa, and an elongation of 15.6% is obtained.

[0098] [Example 2]

[0099] I. Smooth filling of the metal melt 3, the required mold is a high-height-direction-variable-section-area Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting, Mg-Gd, Mg-Y, and Mg-Zr intermediate alloys and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the metering ratio to smelt the metal melt 3, and the metal melt 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby; the mold 6 is inverted and connected with the riser tube 5, and waits for filling; compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the gas inlet 4, the pressurization rate is 25 mBar / s, the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the mold 6 through the riser tube 5 until the mold 6 is filled;

[0100] II. Enhanced cooling based on the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, after the mold 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the mold 6 to be cooled, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 that can adapt to the three-dimensional spatial cooling demand of the mold 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; according to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is sequentially opened from top to bottom, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 layer by layer, and the mold 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer; in the process of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement, according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of different height parts of the mold 6, the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted, so that the cooling speeds of different height parts of the mold 6 are consistent; after the mold 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; the gas is released to reduce the pressure, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser tube 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the mold 6 is separated from the riser tube 5 and taken out from the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the mold 6 for post-processing.

[0101] Wherein, the specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is layer-by-layer cooled and enhanced in the split-type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is as follows: (with the top radial protruding part of the inverted mold 6 as the first layer, the bottom radial concave part of the first layer as the second layer, and so on)

[0102] (1) When the "first layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 10 mm, a cross-sectional area of 200 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 5 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 3.9 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow is adjusted to 7.7 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 30 k / s;

[0103] (2) When the "second layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 12 mm, a cross-sectional area of 150 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 6 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 5.1 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow is adjusted to 5.4 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 30 k / s;

[0104] (3) When the "third layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 14 mm, a cross-sectional area of 300 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 10 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 8.1 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow is adjusted to 11.2 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 30 k / s;

[0105] (4) When the "fourth layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 16 mm, a cross-sectional area of 250 mm 2 , and a wall thickness of 5 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 4.1 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow is adjusted to 9.5 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 30 k / s;

[0106] The post-processing is to apply T6 heat treatment to the casting, including 500 ºC solid solution treatment for 12 h, 70 ºC hot water quenching, and 200ºC aging treatment for 120 h, so as to obtain a high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr(wt%) magnesium alloy casting with a defect rate of 0.05%, a maximum defect of 29 um, a grain size of 18 um, a yield strength of 242 MPa, a tensile strength of 357 MPa, and an elongation of 13.5%.

[0107] [Example 3]

[0108] I. Smooth filling of metal melt 3: The required casting is a highly variable cross-sectional area Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt.%) magnesium alloy casting, and the Mg-Gd, Mg-Y and Mg-Zr intermediate alloys and pure Mg metal blocks are selected according to the metering ratio to smelt the metal melt 3, and the metal melt 3 is transferred to the crucible 2 for standby; The casting 6 is inverted and connected with the riser tube 5, and waits for filling; Compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace 1 through the gas inlet 4, and the pressurization rate is 25 mBar / s, so that the metal melt 3 in the crucible 2 enters the casting 6 through the riser tube 5 until the casting 6 is filled;

[0109] II. Enhanced cooling based on split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13: After the casting 6 is filled, according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the casting 6 to be cooled, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 capable of meeting the three-dimensional spatial cooling demand of the casting 6 is determined from the digital boiling cooling channel set 11; According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor 15, the working digital boiling cooling channel combination 19 in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is opened from top to bottom in turn, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed 7 flows into the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 layer by layer, and the casting 6 is cooled and enhanced layer by layer; In the process of layer-by-layer cooling enhancement, according to the cross-sectional area and wall thickness of different height parts of the casting 6, the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium are adjusted, so that the cooling speed of different height parts of the casting 6 is consistent; After the casting 6 is completely solidified, the boiling cooling medium is completely discharged; The gas is discharged to reduce the pressure, so that the metal melt 3 in the riser tube 5 flows back to the crucible 2, the casting 6 is separated from the riser tube 5 and taken out from the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13, and then the casting is taken out from the casting 6 for post-processing.

[0110] Wherein, the specific adjustment of the gas pressure and flow rate of the boiling cooling medium when the casting is cooled and enhanced layer by layer in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity 13 is as follows: (the top radial convex part of the inverted casting 6 is taken as the first layer, the bottom radial concave part of the first layer is taken as the second layer, and so on)

[0111] (1) When the "first layer" height of the metal melt 3 in the casting 6 is 10 mm, the cross-sectional area is 200 mm 2 , and the wall thickness is 5 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 7.7 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 10.4 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 40 k / s;

[0112] (2) When the "second layer" height of the metal melt 3 in the casting 6 is 12 mm, the cross-sectional area is 150 mm 2 , and the wall thickness is 6 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 4.8 bar, and the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 7.5 L / Min, so that the cooling speed of this layer is 40 k / s;

[0113] (3) The "third layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 14 mm and a cross-sectional area of 300 mm 2 , a wall thickness of 10 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 7.6 bar, the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 15.7 L / Min, and the cooling rate of this layer is 40 k / s;

[0114] (4) The "fourth layer" of the metal melt 3 in the mold 6 has a height of 16 mm and a cross-sectional area of 250 mm 2 , a wall thickness of 5 mm, the boiling cooling medium gas pressure is adjusted to 3.9 bar, the boiling cooling medium flow rate is adjusted to 12.8 L / Min, and the cooling rate of this layer is 40 k / s;

[0115] The post-treatment is to apply T6 heat treatment to the castings, including 500 °C solid solution treatment for 12 h, 70 °C hot water quenching, and 200 °C aging treatment for 120 h, so as to obtain high-performance Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy castings with a defect rate of 0.03%, a maximum defect of 21 um, a grain size of 10 um, a yield strength of 256 MPa, a tensile strength of 362 MPa, and an elongation of 12.7%.

[0116] [Comparative Example 1]

[0117] The required castings are all Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy castings with variable cross-sectional areas in the height direction, which are prepared by a conventional low-pressure counter-gravity casting method. During the casting process, the gas pressure is kept at 1.2 bar, and the metal melt 3 is air-cooled at a cooling rate of 0.5 k / s. After the castings are formed, T6 heat treatment is applied to them, including 500 ℃ solid solution treatment for 12 h, 70 ℃ hot water quenching, and 200 ℃ aging treatment for 120 h, so as to obtain Mg-9Gd-3Y-0.4Zr (wt%) magnesium alloy castings with a defect rate of 0.65%, a maximum defect of 1680 um, a grain size of 125 um, a yield strength of 190 MPa, a tensile strength of 286 MPa, and an elongation of 3.5%.

[0118] Table 1 Casting forming process parameters adopted by Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Comparative Example 1

[0119]

[0120] Table 2 Defects, grain size, and mechanical properties of the castings obtained by Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Comparative Example 1

[0121]

[0122] From Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the casting produced by the casting method of the application can obviously improve the cooling speed through layer-by-layer cooling addition, and by adjusting the air pressure and flow of the boiling cooling medium, the high cooling speed can be achieved at each part of the casting, the defect rate of the casting is lower, the maximum defect is smaller, the grain size is finer, the yield strength is higher, the tensile strength is higher, and the elongation is higher.

[0123] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the application. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No feature of the application is to be construed as limiting the application to the exact construction described herein unless the exaggerated claims expressly so state.

Claims

1. An intelligent casting device based on digitized boiling cooling channels, comprising a holding furnace (1), an inner part of the holding furnace (1) is provided with a crucible (2), the crucible (2) is filled with a metal melt (3), a sidewall of the holding furnace (1) and above the crucible (2) is provided with an air inlet (4), the crucible (2) is provided with a riser tube (5), one end of the riser tube (5) is located in the inner part of the crucible (2) and extends into the inner part of the metal melt (3), the other end of the riser tube (5) extends out of the top of the holding furnace (1) and communicates with the inner part of a casting mold (6); The outer periphery of the casting mold (6) is covered with a split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13), the inner part of the split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13) is provided with a nozzle (14) and a sensor (15), the bottom of the split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13) is provided with a guide rail (16); One side of the split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13) is provided with a boiling bed (7), the boiling bed (7) is arranged in a cooling device (8), the split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13) communicates with the boiling bed (7) through an outer digitized boiling cooling channel set (11), both sides of the boiling bed (7) are respectively provided with an input pipeline (9) and an output pipeline (18) which communicate with the digitized boiling cooling channel set (11), an input regulating valve (10) is arranged on the input pipeline (9), and an output regulating valve (17) is arranged on the output pipeline (18); The digitized boiling cooling channel set (11) comprises a working digitized boiling cooling channel combination (19) which can adapt to the cooling demand of the casting mold (6) with different three-dimensional space configurations; Characterized in that: The input pipeline (9) and the top of the split type digitized multi-channel cooling cavity (13) are further connected with an upper air input pipeline set (12); The cooling speed of the metal melt (3) in the casting mold (6) satisfies the following relationship: Q / Q0=-12.4×S / S0-0.347×T / T0+0.611×P / P0+3.083×V / V0+30.345 Wherein, Q is the cooling speed, K / s; S is the cross-sectional area of the casting, mm2; T is the wall thickness of the casting, mm; P is the gas pressure of the boiling cooling medium, bar; V is the flow of the boiling cooling medium, L / Min; Q0, S0, T0, P0, V0 are the selected reference values for realizing dimensionless, wherein Q0=1 K / s, S0=100 mm2, T0=1 mm, P0=1 bar, V0=1 L / min; The nozzles (14) and sensors (15) are arranged uniformly in a ring shape on the inner wall of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) and are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the split digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13). The working surface of the nozzle (14) is in the shape of a sector and can correspondingly adjust the working parameters of the nozzle, including at least the jet flow, the jet gas pressure, the jet angle, and the jet cross section. The adjustment priority of the jet flow and the jet gas pressure is higher than that of the jet angle and the jet cross section. The casting device is connected with a control system, which determines a working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) in the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) that can meet the cooling requirements of the three-dimensional space configuration of the to-be-cooled casting (6) according to the three-dimensional space configuration and the cooling requirements of the to-be-cooled casting (6). The control system performs the following control actions according to the real-time monitoring results of the sensor (15): First, the temperature of each layer of the casting (6) is detected in real time by the sensor (15), and the cooling channel is opened from top to bottom according to the determined working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) to ensure that the metal melt (3) in the casting (6) is cooled and solidified from top to bottom. Second, if the temperature of the completed solidification part above the current cooling enhancement layer increases and is higher than the preset temperature, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system reopens the cooling channel at the corresponding position to perform secondary cooling enhancement. Third, if the temperature of a certain layer below the current cooling enhancement layer decreases to below the preset temperature in advance, the abnormal result is fed back to the control system, and the control system issues a pressurization instruction to increase the gas pressure in the holding furnace (1) to drive the metal melt (3) to rise and increase the temperature of the layer.

2. The digital boiling cooling channel based smart casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the casting (6) is in the shape of a cylinder, and the top of the holding furnace (1) is in the shape of a boss that limits the position of the bottom of the casting (6). A sealing element is arranged between the outer wall of the bottom of the casting (6) and the inner wall of the top of the holding furnace (1).

3. The digital boiling cooling channel based smart casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: After the casting (6) is completely solidified, the casting (6) is separated from the riser tube (5), and the metal melt (3) in the casting (6) is naturally solidified under atmospheric pressure.

4. The digital boiling cooling channel based smart casting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The heat-conducting solid particles and the gas medium in the boiling bed (7) are combined in a predetermined boiling manner to achieve enhanced cooling. The heat-conducting solid particles are selected from at least one or more of a mixture of carbon, graphite, diamond, aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, boron nitride, silicon carbide, carbon nanotubes, graphene, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, gold, silver, copper, aluminum, magnesium, iron, and stainless steel. The gas medium is selected from at least one or more of a mixture of water vapor, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, argon, neon, helium, krypton, and xenon.

5. The method of controlling a digital boiling cooling channel based smart casting apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: According to the requirements, the metal elements are proportioned and melted into a metal melt (3), and then the melted metal melt (3) is transferred to the crucible (2) for standby, and the crucible (2) is placed in the holding furnace (1); Step S2: Prepare an inverted mold (6), connect the inverted mold (6) with the top of the riser tube (5), place the bottom of the riser tube (5) in the crucible (2) and extend into the metal melt (3), use the guide rail (16) to cover the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) on the outer periphery of the mold (6), form a closed cooling cavity outside the mold (6), and wait for filling; Step S3: Compressed gas is introduced into the holding furnace (1) through the gas inlet (4), so that the metal melt (3) in the crucible (2) enters the inside of the mold (6) through the riser tube (5) until the mold (6) is filled; Step S4: According to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled mold (6), determine the working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) capable of meeting the cooling requirements of the mold (6) from the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) according to the three-dimensional spatial configuration of the to-be-cooled mold (6); Step S5: According to the real-time monitoring feedback result of the sensor (15), the working digital boiling cooling channel combination (19) in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) is opened from top to bottom in sequence, so that the boiling cooling medium in the boiling bed (7) enters the digital boiling cooling channel set (11) through the input regulating valve (10) and the input pipeline (9) in sequence, and then flows into the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) layer by layer, and the mold (6) is cooled and enhanced layer by layer, and then the boiling cooling medium flows back to the boiling bed (7) through the output regulating valve (17) and the output pipeline (18), forming a cycle; In this process, according to the cooling and solidification condition of the mold (6), the working parameters of the nozzle (14) for spraying the boiling cooling medium are adjusted in real time until the metal melt (3) is completely solidified; Step S6: After the metal melt (3) is completely solidified, the input regulating valve (10) is closed, so that the boiling cooling medium in the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13) completely flows back to the boiling bed (7) along the output pipeline (18); Step S7: Bleed and depressurize, so that the metal melt (3) in the riser tube (5) flows back to the crucible (2), separate the mold (6) from the riser tube (5) and take out from the split type digital multi-channel cooling cavity (13), then take out the casting from the mold (6), and perform post-processing.

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