Multifunctional low-temperature high-pressure end face sealing test device for liquid rocket engine turbine pump

Abstract

A multifunctional low-temperature high-pressure end face sealing test device for a liquid rocket engine turbine pump is characterized in that a to-be-tested product liquid sealing wheel is sleeved on a rotor assembly, and a low-temperature end face sealing assembly is sleeved on the rotor assembly according to a certain compression amount, is in contact with a moving ring and is fixed with a shell; the rotor assembly is sleeved with the process liquid sealing wheel, and the process liquid sealing wheel and the labyrinth sealing static ring fixed to the shell form an axial fit clearance. During test, the rotor assembly rotates, the liquid seal wheel product rotates to reduce the pressure before low-temperature end face sealing, and the process liquid seal wheel, a product to be tested and the end face seal form a seal cavity; the low-temperature end face sealing assembly makes contact with the movable ring to conduct movable sealing on the sealing cavity, and the working stability of low-temperature and high-pressure end face sealing is obtained by monitoring the inlet pressure and the leakage cavity flow. According to the invention, an examination test of one or two liquid seal wheels and high-pressure end face sealing can be completed at a time, and the working condition of high-pressure and low-temperature end face sealing in the turbine pump can be effectively simulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid rocket engine design, and in particular relates to a test device capable of realizing multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face sealing in a heavy-load liquid rocket engine turbo pump. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-duty liquid rocket engines require turbo pumps with low leakage and high working pressure. Turbopumps are mostly made of end face seals or a combination of liquid seal wheel and end face seals. Due to the reusability and high reliability requirements of the engine, before the test run and launch of the liquid rocket engine, the end face seal components need to be tested for high pressure operation to obtain their sealing and wear performance.

[0003] As liquid rocket engines develop towards high thrust, the size of the turbopump increases accordingly, and the size of the end face seal and dynamic ring in the turbopump also increases accordingly. Taking the size of the dynamic ring as an example, the size of the end face seal dynamic ring of the heavy-duty rocket engine is 3 to 4 times the size of the existing small-thrust rocket engine end face seal dynamic ring, and the maximum pressure is 2 to 3 times the existing end face seal. Due to the increase in the size of the end face seal and the matching dynamic ring, the increase in the test pressure, the axial force generated by the pressure difference increases accordingly, and the maximum axial force can be >10000N, which exceeds the normal working conditions of the low-temperature bearing and brings great difficulty to the design of the bearing preload.

[0004] The existing sealing test equipment cannot simulate the working conditions of the high-pressure and low-temperature end face seals in turbopumps, and cannot meet the development requirements of heavy-load liquid rocket engines. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a test device that can simulate the high-pressure end face seal of a heavy-load liquid rocket engine turbine pump, thereby providing basic support for the development of heavy-load liquid rocket engines.

[0006] The solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump, comprising a housing, a front end cover, a rear end cover, and a rotor assembly;

[0008] The product liquid seal wheel to be tested is sleeved on the rotor assembly, and forms an axial matching gap with the adapter sleeve fixed on the shell; the low-temperature end face seal assembly is sleeved on the rotor assembly according to a certain compression amount, contacts the dynamic ring, and is fixed to the shell through the adapter sleeve; the process liquid seal wheel is sleeved on the rotor assembly, and forms an axial matching gap with the labyrinth seal static ring fixed on the shell; a front end cover is provided at the front end of the shell, and a rear end cover is provided at the rear end, and a sealing cavity and a leakage cavity are formed between the low-temperature end face seal assembly, the product liquid seal wheel, the process liquid seal wheel, the rotor assembly, and the front and rear end covers, and the medium supply system is connected to the sealing cavity for providing a low-temperature liquid medium to the sealing cavity;

[0009] During the test, the rotor assembly rotates, and the liquid seal wheel product to be tested rotates to reduce the pressure before the low-temperature end face seal. The process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal static ring are used to reduce the pressure before the rotor assembly shaft seal. The process liquid seal wheel and the product to be tested and the end face seal form a sealing cavity, and balance the axial force generated by the dynamic ring and the product liquid seal wheel; the low-temperature end face seal assembly contacts the dynamic ring to dynamically seal the sealing cavity, and the working stability of the low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal is obtained by monitoring the inlet pressure and the leakage cavity flow.

[0010] Preferably, the test device for achieving single-piece end face sealing comprises a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, a front product liquid seal wheel assembly, a front low-temperature end face seal assembly, a process liquid seal wheel and a labyrinth combination seal assembly;

[0011] The front end cover is fixed to the front end surface of the shell, and the rear end cover is fixed to the rear end surface of the shell; one side of the front end cover is recorded as the front side, and one side of the rear end cover is recorded as the rear side;

[0012] The rotor assembly includes a main shaft, a moving ring, a front sleeve, a first bearing, a second bearing, a third bearing, a process liquid seal wheel, and a labyrinth seal sleeve; the front product liquid seal wheel assembly includes a front product liquid seal wheel and a front adapter sleeve; the labyrinth combination seal assembly includes a labyrinth seal static ring and a labyrinth seal sleeve;

[0013] The first bearing and the second bearing are installed side by side and in contact at the front side of the test device, and the third bearing is installed at the rear side of the test device;

[0014] One end of the main shaft is fixedly mounted on the housing through the first bearing and the second bearing, and the other end passes through the third bearing and is fixedly mounted on the housing;

[0015] The front shaft sleeve and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve is in contact with the front shaft sleeve, the front product liquid seal wheel is sleeved on the front shaft sleeve, and the axial clearance between the front product liquid seal wheel and the front adapter sleeve is adjusted by the length of the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve; the front adapter sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front end of the housing, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the front adapter sleeve and the housing;

[0016] The front low-temperature end face seal assembly includes a front face seal and a front dynamic ring. The front face seal sleeve is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the front adapter sleeve. The front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve is mounted on the front sleeve and is located between the front product liquid seal wheel and the front dynamic ring. The front dynamic ring is mounted on the front sleeve and is tightened by the front locking nut. The compression amount of the front face seal is adjusted by the length of the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve.

[0017] The rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve, the process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal sleeve are sequentially mounted on the main shaft from front to back, the rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve is in contact with the third bearing, the process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal sleeve are locked by the rear locking nut, the labyrinth seal static ring is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the housing; a sealing gasket is provided between the labyrinth seal static ring and the housing; the process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal sleeve form a centrifugal seal, and the axial gap between the two is adjusted by the length of the rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve; the labyrinth seal static ring and the labyrinth seal sleeve form a labyrinth seal.

[0018] Preferably, the outer rings of the first bearing and the second bearing are tightened by bearing clamping nuts, and the groove directions of the two bearings are the same, both facing the front end; the groove direction of the third bearing is toward the rear end, which is opposite to the groove direction of the first bearing and the second bearing, and the disc spring, disc spring retainer, adjustment gasket, and bearing cover are installed on the right side of its outer ring in sequence, and the bearing cover is fastened to the housing by bolts.

[0019] Preferably, the initial preload force of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing is applied by adjusting the compression amount of the disc spring, and the compression amount of the disc spring is achieved by adjusting the thickness of the gasket.

[0020] Preferably, the adjustment gasket is located between the disc spring retainer and the bearing cover.

[0021] Preferably, the sealing teeth of the labyrinth seal sleeve are trapezoidal in shape.

[0022] Preferably, the material of the labyrinth seal stationary ring is beryllium bronze.

[0023] Preferably, the axial force of the process liquid seal wheel during high-speed rotation is set to F1, the axial force of the front product liquid seal wheel during high-speed rotation is set to F2, and the axial force generated by the front dynamic ring is F3, then F1≤F2+F3, and the remaining axial force F 剩1 =F2+F3-F1, and the remaining axial force is directed toward the front end and is borne jointly by the first bearing and the second bearing.

[0024] Preferably, before the test device is started at low temperature, the axial force generated by the front dynamic ring is F3, the axial force generated by the front product liquid seal wheel is F2, the axial force generated by the process liquid seal wheel is F1 = F2 = 0, and the axial force generated by the labyrinth seal sleeve is F4, then F3 ≥ F4, and the remaining axial force F 剩2=F3-F4, the direction is toward the front end, and it is supported by the first bearing and the second bearing.

[0025] Preferably, the test device for achieving two-piece end face sealing includes a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, a front product liquid seal wheel assembly, a front low-temperature end face seal assembly, a rear product liquid seal wheel assembly, and a rear low-temperature end face seal assembly;

[0026] The front end cover is marked as the front side, and the rear end cover is marked as the rear side; the front end cover is fixed to the front end surface of the shell, and the rear end cover is fixed to the rear end surface of the shell;

[0027] The rotor assembly includes a main shaft, a moving ring, a front sleeve, a first bearing, a third bearing, a bearing inner ring, a process liquid seal wheel, and a labyrinth seal sleeve; the front product liquid seal wheel assembly includes a front product liquid seal wheel and a front adapter sleeve; the rear product liquid seal wheel assembly includes a rear product liquid seal wheel and a rear adapter sleeve;

[0028] The first bearing is installed in contact with the front side of the test device, and the third bearing is installed on the rear side of the test device;

[0029] One end of the main shaft is fixedly mounted on the housing through the first bearing, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the housing through the third bearing;

[0030] The front shaft sleeve and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve is in contact with the front shaft sleeve, the front product liquid seal wheel is sleeved on the front shaft sleeve, and the axial clearance between the front product liquid seal wheel and the front adapter sleeve is adjusted by the length of the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve; the front adapter sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front end of the housing, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the front adapter sleeve and the housing;

[0031] The rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve and the rear sleeve are sequentially mounted on the main shaft from front to back, the rear product liquid seal wheel, the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve and the rear dynamic ring are sequentially mounted on the rear sleeve from front to back, and the axial clearance between the rear product liquid seal wheel and the rear adapter sleeve is adjusted by the length of the rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve; the rear adapter sleeve is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the rear end of the housing, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the rear adapter sleeve and the housing;

[0032] The front low-temperature end face seal assembly includes a front face seal and a front dynamic ring. The front face seal sleeve is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the front adapter sleeve. The front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve is mounted on the front sleeve and is located between the front product liquid seal wheel and the front dynamic ring. The compression amount of the front face seal is adjusted by the length of the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve.

[0033] The rear low-temperature end face seal assembly includes a rear end face seal and a rear dynamic ring. The end face seal sleeve is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the rear adapter sleeve. The compression amount of the rear end face seal is adjusted by adjusting the length of the shaft sleeve of the rear dynamic ring.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0035] (1) The test device of the present invention has made a breakthrough in the low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test technology. It can complete the assessment test of two liquid seal wheels + high-pressure end face seals at one time, or it can only carry out the assessment test of one liquid seal wheel + high-pressure end face seal at a time, which can effectively simulate the working conditions of the high-pressure and low-temperature end face seal in the turbine pump.

[0036] (2) The test device of the present invention adopts a combination of a liquid seal wheel and a labyrinth seal, wherein the labyrinth seal teeth are arranged on the shaft sleeve. During low-temperature static pressurization, the low-temperature fluid medium passes through the labyrinth seal and throttles and reduces the pressure, resulting in a pressure drop and an axial force on the shaft sleeve, which can offset the axial force generated by the partial dynamic ring before starting;

[0037] (3) The test device of the present invention adopts a three-bearing support form and a disc spring preload method. In static state, part of the axial force generated by the moving ring can be borne by the two front bearings, while the rear bearing adopts a disc spring preload. When the moving ring generates additional axial force on the shaft, because the two front bearings are dead point supports, the axial displacement generated by the entire shaft system is very small, the compression amount of the disc spring changes very little, and the preload force of the front bearing hardly changes. This structure makes the load of the entire shaft system more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cryogenic and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature and high-pressure dual-station end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump;

[0040] Figure 3 This is an application principle diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] In order to meet the development needs of heavy-load liquid rocket engines, a heavy-load liquid rocket engine turbopump low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device is proposed to simulate the working conditions of the high-pressure and low-temperature end face seal in the turbopump. The device can complete one or two end face seal products at a time, thereby providing basic support for the development of heavy-load liquid rocket engines.

[0043] The main structural components of the low temperature and high pressure end face sealing test device embodiment 1 of the present invention (completing the sealing test of one end face sealing product) are as follows: Figure 1As shown, it includes a rotor assembly for rotation and a bearing for supporting the rotor assembly and forming a test environment, a housing, front and rear end covers, a low-temperature end face seal assembly, a product liquid seal wheel, an adapter sleeve, a process liquid seal wheel, a labyrinth seal, a shaft seal and an end cover. The product liquid seal wheel to be tested is sleeved on the rotor assembly according to a certain axial matching clearance formed with the adapter sleeve, and the end face seal is sleeved on the rotor assembly according to a certain compression amount and contacts the dynamic ring and is fixed to the housing through the adapter sleeve. Different sealing cavities and leakage cavities are formed between the end face seal, the product liquid seal wheel, the process liquid seal wheel, the rotor assembly and the end cover. The medium supply system is connected to the sealing cavity to provide low-temperature liquid medium to the sealing cavity; the end face seal leakage cavity is connected to a flowmeter to measure the leakage of each leakage cavity; the liquid nitrogen outlet is connected to a flowmeter and a low-temperature electric regulating valve to measure and adjust the cooling flow of the bearing.

[0044] During the test, the rotor assembly rotates, and the liquid seal wheel product to be tested rotates to reduce the pressure in front of the low-temperature end face seal. The process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal are used to reduce the pressure in front of the shaft seal, and form a sealing cavity with the tested liquid seal wheel and the end face seal, and balance the axial force generated by the dynamic ring and the product liquid seal wheel; the low-temperature end face seal contacts the dynamic ring to dynamically seal the sealing cavity, and the working stability of the low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal is obtained by monitoring the inlet pressure and the leakage cavity flow.

[0045] The multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device of the first embodiment includes a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, a product liquid seal wheel assembly, a low-temperature end face seal assembly, a process liquid seal wheel and a labyrinth combination seal assembly;

[0046] The side of the front end cover 2 is recorded as the front side, and the side of the rear end cover 3 is recorded as the rear side;

[0047] The rotor components include a main shaft 8 , a moving ring 38 , a front bushing 41 , a first bearing 26 , a second bearing 27 , a third bearing 28 , a process liquid seal wheel 29 , and a labyrinth seal bushing 31 .

[0048] The first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27 are installed side by side and in contact with each other at the front side of the test device, and the third bearing 28 is installed at the rear side of the test device.

[0049] One end of the main shaft 6 is fixedly mounted on the housing 1 through the first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the housing 1 through the third bearing 28;

[0050] The outer rings of the first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27 are clamped by the bearing clamping nut 36, and the groove directions of the two bearings are the same, both facing the front end; the groove direction of the third bearing 28 is toward the rear end, which is opposite to the groove direction of the first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27, and the disc spring 14, disc spring retainer 12, adjustment gasket 32, and bearing cover 33 are installed in sequence on the right side of its outer ring, and the bearing cover 33 is fastened to the housing 1 by bolts 34.

[0051] The initial preload force of the first bearing 26 , the second bearing 27 , and the third bearing 28 is applied by adjusting the compression amount of the disc spring 14 through preload force adjustment gaskets 32 of different thicknesses.

[0052] The front product liquid sealing wheel assembly includes a front product liquid sealing wheel 40 and a front adapter sleeve 4. The front adapter sleeve 4 is fixedly installed on the housing 1 by bolts 25, and a sealing gasket is arranged between it and the housing 1; the front product liquid sealing wheel 40 is sleeved on the front shaft sleeve 41, and the front shaft sleeve 41 is sleeved on the main shaft 8. The axial clearance between it and the front adapter sleeve 4 is adjusted by adjusting the front liquid sealing wheel adjustment shaft sleeve 11 of different lengths.

[0053] The front low-temperature end face sealing assembly includes a front face seal 18 and a front dynamic ring 38. The front dynamic ring 38 is installed on the front shaft sleeve 41 and is tightened by the front locking nut 9. The front face seal 18 is fixedly installed on the front adapter sleeve 4 by bolts 24, and its compression amount is adjusted by adjusting the front dynamic ring shaft sleeve 39 of different lengths.

[0054] The labyrinth combined seal assembly comprises a labyrinth seal static ring 30 and a labyrinth seal sleeve 31. The labyrinth seal static ring 30 is fixed to the housing 1 by bolts, and a sealing gasket 15 is provided between the labyrinth seal static ring 30 and the housing 1; the process liquid seal wheel 29 and the labyrinth seal sleeve 31 form a centrifugal seal, and the axial clearance between the two is adjusted by a dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 39 of different lengths; the labyrinth seal static ring 30 and the labyrinth seal sleeve 31 form a labyrinth seal, and the calculated value of the single-side radial clearance at low temperature is 0.09-0.11 mm;

[0055] The sealing teeth of the labyrinth seal sleeve 31 are trapezoidal in shape, with a height greater than 2 mm. The material is 20Cr13, and the heat treatment should be quenched and tempered, and the final hardness should be guaranteed to be 40-45HRC; the material of the labyrinth seal stationary ring 30 is beryllium bronze.

[0056] The sealing pressure of the process liquid sealing wheel 29 is calculated according to the following formula.

[0057]

[0058] Where: P is the impeller sealing pressure, n is the impeller speed, D1 is the inner diameter of the liquid seal wheel blade, D2 is the outer diameter of the liquid seal wheel, ρ is the density of the test medium in the sealing chamber, g is the acceleration of gravity, h is the height of the liquid seal wheel blade, δ is the axial distance between the impeller and the casing assembly, and k is the back pressure coefficient, which is determined according to the structure and usage conditions.

[0059] The axial force of the process liquid seal wheel 29 during high-speed rotation is set to F1, the axial force of the product liquid seal wheel 40 during high-speed rotation is set to F2, and the axial force generated by the dynamic ring 38 is F3. The design value F1≤F2+F3, and the residual axial force F 剩1 =F2+F3-F1 direction is toward the front end and is supported by the first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27.

[0060] Before the test device is started at low temperature, the axial force generated by the dynamic ring 38 is F3, the axial force generated by the product liquid seal wheel 40 and the process liquid seal wheel 29 is F1=F2=0, and the axial force generated by the labyrinth seal sleeve 31 is F4. The design value F3≥F4, and the residual axial force F 剩2 =F3-F4 direction is toward the front end and is supported by the first bearing 26 and the second bearing 27.

[0061] The main structural components of the second embodiment of the low temperature and high pressure end face seal test device of the present invention (two end face seals are tested simultaneously) are as follows: Figure 2 As shown, by adopting this assembly method, the operation assessment test of two low-temperature and high-pressure end face seals can be completed in one assembly test.

[0062] In the second embodiment, the second bearing 27 in the first embodiment is replaced with a separate bearing inner ring 42 and a bearing outer ring, the rotor main shaft is supported by the first bearing 26 and the third bearing 28, and the bearing installation direction is consistent with the first embodiment.

[0063] In the second embodiment, the rear end process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 13, the process liquid seal wheel 29, the labyrinth seal static ring 30, and the labyrinth seal sleeve 31 are replaced with the rear product liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 44, the rear sleeve 45, the rear product liquid seal wheel 46, the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 47, the rear dynamic ring 48, the rear end face seal 49, and the rear adapter sleeve 50.

[0064] The design dimensions of the rear product liquid sealing wheel 46 and the front product liquid sealing wheel 40, the rear dynamic ring 48 and the front dynamic ring 38, the front shaft sleeve 41 and the rear shaft sleeve 45, the rear end face seal 49 and the front end face seal 18, and the rear adapter sleeve 50 and the front adapter sleeve 4 are completely consistent.

[0065] Specifically, the test device for realizing two-piece end face sealing includes a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, and a front product liquid seal wheel assembly, a front low-temperature end face seal assembly, a rear product liquid seal wheel assembly, and a rear low-temperature end face seal assembly;

[0066] One side of the front end cover 2 is recorded as the front side, and one side of the rear end cover 3 is recorded as the rear side; the front end cover 2 is fixed to the front end surface of the shell, and the rear end cover is fixed to the rear end surface of the shell; the rotor assembly includes a main shaft 8, a moving ring 38, a front shaft sleeve 41, a first bearing 26, a third bearing 28, a bearing inner ring 42, a process liquid seal wheel, and a labyrinth seal shaft sleeve 31; the front product liquid seal wheel assembly includes a front product liquid seal wheel 40 and a front adapter sleeve 4; the rear product liquid seal wheel assembly includes a rear product liquid seal wheel 46 and a rear adapter sleeve 50; the first bearing 26 is contact-mounted on the front side of the test device, and the third bearing 28 is mounted on the rear side of the test device; one end of the main shaft 6 is fixedly mounted on the shell 1 through the first bearing 26, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the shell 1 through the third bearing 28; the front shaft sleeve 41 and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve 11 are adjusted from front to The rear is sequentially sleeved on the main shaft, and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 11 is in contact with the front sleeve 41, the front product liquid seal wheel 40 is sleeved on the front sleeve 41, and the axial clearance between the front product liquid seal wheel 40 and the front adapter sleeve 4 is adjusted by the length of the front liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 11; the front adapter sleeve 4 is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front end of the shell 1, and a sealing gasket is arranged between it and the shell 1; the rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 44 and the rear sleeve 45 are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, the rear product liquid seal wheel 46, the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 47, and the rear dynamic ring 48 are sequentially sleeved on the rear sleeve 45 from front to back, and the axial clearance between the rear product liquid seal wheel 46 and the rear adapter sleeve 50 is adjusted by the length of the rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve 44; the rear adapter sleeve 50 is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the rear end of the shell 1, and a sealing gasket is arranged between it and the shell 1;

[0067] The front low-temperature end face seal assembly includes a front face seal 18 and a front dynamic ring 38. The front face seal 18 is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front adapter sleeve 4. The front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 39 is installed on the front sleeve 41 and is located between the front product liquid seal wheel 40 and the front dynamic ring. The compression amount of the front face seal 18 is adjusted by the length of the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 39.

[0068] The rear low-temperature end face seal assembly includes a rear end face seal 49 and a rear dynamic ring 48. The end face seal 49 is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the rear adapter sleeve 50. The compression amount of the rear end face seal 49 is adjusted by adjusting the length of the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 47.

[0069] The system principle of the test device is as follows Figure 3As shown. The cryogenic medium in the pressure vessel flows in through the sealing chamber inlet (medium inlet nozzle 20 at the lower part of the shell), flows to the front end of the test device to cool the bearing, passes through the liquid nitrogen outlet I, the cryogenic manual medium valve 51, the cryogenic mass flowmeter 54, the cryogenic electric regulating valve 57, and finally is discharged, creating a high-pressure and low-temperature environment for the front product liquid seal wheel 40 and the front end face seal 18; the other end passes through the third bearing 28 to cool the bearing, passes through the liquid nitrogen outlet II, the cryogenic manual medium valve 51, the cryogenic mass flowmeter 54, the cryogenic electric regulating valve 57, and finally is discharged. Liquid nitrogen outlet I and liquid nitrogen outlet II are realized by two nozzles at the upper part of the shell.

[0070] The front cover is provided with a leakage take-over nozzle 22 as the front face sealing discharge port I, which is discharged into the atmosphere through the low temperature manual medium valve 52, the vaporizer 56, and the low temperature mass flow meter 55 in sequence; the rear end of the shell is provided with a take-over nozzle as the rear face sealing discharge port II, which is discharged into the atmosphere through the low temperature manual medium valve 53, the vaporizer 56, and the low temperature mass flow meter 55 in sequence. When the first embodiment, i.e., one product assessment test is completed in one test, the low temperature manual medium valve 53 is closed; when the second embodiment, i.e., two product assessment tests are completed in one test, the low temperature manual stop valve 53 is opened.

[0071] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in the form of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art may make possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump, characterized in that: It includes a housing, a front cover, a rear cover, and a rotor assembly; The product liquid seal wheel to be tested is sleeved on the rotor assembly, and forms an axial matching gap with the adapter sleeve fixed on the shell; the low-temperature end face seal assembly is sleeved on the rotor assembly according to a certain compression amount, contacts the dynamic ring, and is fixed to the shell through the adapter sleeve; the process liquid seal wheel is sleeved on the rotor assembly, and forms an axial matching gap with the labyrinth seal static ring fixed on the shell; a front end cover is provided at the front end of the shell, and a rear end cover is provided at the rear end, and a sealing cavity and a leakage cavity are formed between the low-temperature end face seal assembly, the product liquid seal wheel, the process liquid seal wheel, the rotor assembly, and the front and rear end covers, and the medium supply system is connected to the sealing cavity for providing a low-temperature liquid medium to the sealing cavity; During the test, the rotor assembly rotates, and the liquid seal wheel product to be tested rotates to reduce the pressure before the low-temperature end face seal. The process liquid seal wheel and the labyrinth seal static ring are used to reduce the pressure before the rotor assembly shaft seal. The process liquid seal wheel and the product to be tested and the end face seal form a sealing cavity, and balance the axial force generated by the dynamic ring and the product liquid seal wheel; the low-temperature end face seal assembly contacts the dynamic ring to dynamically seal the sealing cavity, and the working stability of the low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal is obtained by monitoring the inlet pressure and the leakage cavity flow.

2. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device for realizing single-piece end face sealing includes a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, a front product liquid seal wheel assembly, a front low-temperature end face seal assembly, a process liquid seal wheel and a labyrinth combination seal assembly; The front end cover (2) is fixed to the front end surface of the shell, and the rear end cover is fixed to the rear end surface of the shell; one side of the front end cover (2) is recorded as the front side, and one side of the rear end cover (3) is recorded as the rear side; The rotor assembly comprises a main shaft (8), a moving ring (38), a front shaft sleeve (41), a first bearing (26), a second bearing (27), a third bearing (28), a process liquid seal wheel, and a labyrinth seal shaft sleeve (31); the front product liquid seal wheel assembly comprises a front product liquid seal wheel (40) and a front adapter sleeve (4); the labyrinth combined seal assembly comprises a labyrinth seal static ring (30) and a labyrinth seal shaft sleeve (31); The first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27) are installed side by side in contact with each other on the front side of the test device, and the third bearing (28) is installed on the rear side of the test device; One end of the main shaft (6) is fixedly mounted on the housing (1) through the first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27), and the other end passes through the third bearing (28) and is fixedly mounted on the housing (1); The front shaft sleeve (41) and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11) are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11) and the front shaft sleeve (41) are in contact, the front product liquid seal wheel (40) is sleeved on the front shaft sleeve (41), and the axial clearance between the front product liquid seal wheel (40) and the front adapter sleeve (4) is adjusted by the length of the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11); the front adapter sleeve (4) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front end of the housing (1), and a sealing gasket is arranged between the front adapter sleeve (4) and the housing (1); The front low-temperature end face seal assembly comprises a front face seal (18) and a front dynamic ring (38), wherein the front face seal (18) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front adapter sleeve (4), the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve (39) is installed on the front sleeve (41) and is located between the front product liquid seal wheel (40) and the front dynamic ring (38), the front dynamic ring 38 is installed on the front sleeve (41) and is tightened by a front locking nut (9), and the compression amount of the front face seal (18) is adjusted by the length of the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve (39); A rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve (13), a process liquid seal wheel (29) and a labyrinth seal sleeve (31) are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, the rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve (13) is in contact with the third bearing (28), the process liquid seal wheel (29) and the labyrinth seal sleeve (31) are locked by a rear locking nut (10), the labyrinth seal static ring (30) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the housing (1); a sealing gasket is provided between the labyrinth seal static ring (30) and the housing (1); the process liquid seal wheel (29) and the labyrinth seal sleeve (31) form a centrifugal seal, and the axial gap between the two is adjusted by the length of the rear process liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve (13); the labyrinth seal static ring (30) and the labyrinth seal sleeve (31) form a labyrinth seal.

3. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer rings of the first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27) are tightened by bearing clamping nuts, and the groove directions of the two bearings are the same, both facing the front end; the groove direction of the third bearing (28) faces the rear end, which is opposite to the groove direction of the first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27), and the right side of its outer ring is installed with a disc spring (14), a disc spring retainer (12), an adjustment gasket (32), and a bearing cover (33) in sequence, and the bearing cover (33) is fastened to the housing (1) by bolts (34).

4. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The initial preload force of the first bearing (26), the second bearing (27), and the third bearing (28) is applied by adjusting the compression amount of the disc spring (14), and the compression amount of the disc spring (14) is achieved by adjusting the thickness of the gasket (32).

5. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjusting gasket (32) is located between the disc spring retainer (12) and the bearing pressure cover (33).

6. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing teeth of the labyrinth sealing sleeve (31) are in the shape of a trapezoid.

7. A multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the labyrinth seal static ring (30) is beryllium bronze.

8. The multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axial force of the process liquid seal wheel during high-speed rotation is set to F1, the axial force of the front product liquid seal wheel during high-speed rotation is set to F2, and the axial force generated by the front dynamic ring (38) is F3, then F1≤F2+F3, and the remaining axial force F 剩1 =F2+F3-F1, and the remaining axial force is directed toward the front end and is borne jointly by the first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27).

9. The multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: Before the test device is started at low temperature, the axial force generated by the front dynamic ring (38) is F3, the axial force generated by the front product liquid seal wheel (40) is F2, the axial force generated by the process liquid seal wheel (29) is F1 = F2 = 0, and the axial force generated by the labyrinth seal sleeve (31) is F4, then F3 ≥ F4, and the remaining axial force F 剩2 = F3-F4, the direction is toward the front end, and is supported by the first bearing (26) and the second bearing (27).

10. The multifunctional low-temperature and high-pressure end face seal test device for a liquid rocket engine turbo pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test device for realizing two-piece end face sealing includes a housing, front and rear end covers, a rotor assembly, a front product liquid seal wheel assembly, a front low-temperature end face sealing assembly, a rear product liquid seal wheel assembly, and a rear low-temperature end face sealing assembly; One side of the front end cover (2) is marked as the front side, and one side of the rear end cover (3) is marked as the rear side; the front end cover (2) is fixed to the front end surface of the shell, and the rear end cover is fixed to the rear end surface of the shell; The rotor assembly comprises a main shaft (8), a moving ring (38), a front shaft sleeve (41), a first bearing (26), a third bearing (28), a bearing inner ring (42), a process liquid sealing wheel, and a labyrinth sealing shaft sleeve (31); the front product liquid sealing wheel assembly comprises a front product liquid sealing wheel (40) and a front adapter sleeve (4); and the rear product liquid sealing wheel assembly comprises a rear product liquid sealing wheel (46) and a rear adapter sleeve (50); The first bearing (26) is installed in contact with the front side of the test device, and the third bearing (28) is installed on the rear side of the test device; One end of the main shaft (6) is fixedly mounted on the housing (1) via the first bearing (26), and the other end passes through the third bearing (28) and is fixedly mounted on the housing (1); The front shaft sleeve (41) and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11) are sequentially sleeved on the main shaft from front to back, and the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11) and the front shaft sleeve (41) are in contact, the front product liquid seal wheel (40) is sleeved on the front shaft sleeve (41), and the axial clearance between the front product liquid seal wheel (40) and the front adapter sleeve (4) is adjusted by the length of the front liquid seal wheel adjustment shaft sleeve (11); the front adapter sleeve (4) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front end of the housing (1), and a sealing gasket is arranged between the front adapter sleeve (4) and the housing (1); The rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve (44) and the rear sleeve (45) are sequentially mounted on the main shaft from front to back; the rear product liquid seal wheel (46), the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve (47), and the rear dynamic ring (48) are sequentially mounted on the rear sleeve (45) from front to back; the axial clearance between the rear product liquid seal wheel (46) and the rear adapter sleeve (50) is adjusted by the length of the rear liquid seal wheel adjustment sleeve (44); the rear adapter sleeve (50) is mounted on the main shaft and fixed to the rear end of the housing (1); a sealing gasket is arranged between the rear adapter sleeve (50) and the housing (1); The front low-temperature end face seal assembly comprises a front face seal (18) and a front dynamic ring (38), wherein the front face seal (18) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the front adapter sleeve (4), and the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve 39 is installed on the front sleeve (41) and is located between the front product liquid seal wheel (40) and the front dynamic ring, and the compression amount of the front face seal (18) is adjusted by the length of the front dynamic ring adjustment sleeve (39); The rear low-temperature end face seal assembly comprises a rear end face seal (49) and a rear dynamic ring (48). The end face seal (49) is sleeved on the main shaft and fixed to the rear adapter sleeve (50). The compression amount of the rear end face seal (49) is adjusted by adjusting the length of the rear dynamic ring adjustment sleeve (47).

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