A transfer module simulating a computer chip and a control method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a transfer module and a control method for simulating a computer chip. The transfer module includes a transfer circuit and an internal adjustment circuit. The transfer circuit includes: a first switch tube M1, whose current input terminal is connected to a first voltage V11, and whose control terminal is connected to the internal adjustment circuit, and whose input terminal is connected to a second voltage V12; a second switch tube M2, whose current input terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the first switch tube M1, whose current output terminal is connected to a third voltage V13, and whose control terminal is connected to a fourth voltage V14; the transfer module has a transfer mode, in which the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are both in a conducting state; wherein, after the second voltage V12 is divided by the internal adjustment circuit, a control terminal voltage VF is provided to the first switch tube M1, and the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly with the second voltage V12. The transfer module of the present application only needs to perform one transformation to realize the transfer operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of artificial intelligence chips, and in particular to a transfer module simulating a computer chip and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In existing AI chip designs, the operation logic usually relies on the digital computing architecture. Under this architecture, the transfer module first performs a linear transformation on the input data, and then performs a nonlinear transformation on the transformed data through an activation function. After that, the output data after the nonlinear transformation will be input into the adder, which accumulates the input data of multiple transfer modules and passes the result to the next layer of transfer modules for further linear and nonlinear transformations, and so on. Since this process involves two transformations, linear transformation and nonlinear transformation, the operation efficiency of the transfer module is low, and the circuit structure is more complicated, which in turn affects the overall computing efficiency.

[0003] In addition, most of the artificial intelligence chips in the prior art are digital computer chips, and the transfer modules and adders all use digital operations. A single transfer module and adder usually require tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of transistors. Therefore, existing artificial intelligence chips usually only have a few thousand transfer modules and adders. When it is necessary to process large-scale data sets, such as realizing the simultaneous calculation of tens of thousands or even hundreds of millions of data, it is necessary to expand the computing power through parallel processing, thereby adding a large number of transfer modules and adders. This expansion method not only leads to an increase in chip size, but also introduces higher latency and power consumption, further reducing the overall performance of the system. Summary of the invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a transfer module for simulating a computer chip and a control method thereof. The transfer module composed of analog devices only needs to perform one transformation to realize the transfer operation, which greatly reduces the chip size, improves the chip's operating speed and reduces the chip's power consumption.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a transfer module for simulating a computer chip, comprising a transfer circuit and an internal regulating circuit, wherein the transfer circuit comprises:

[0006] A first switch tube M1, whose current input terminal is connected to the first voltage V11, whose control terminal is connected to the internal regulation circuit, and whose input terminal is connected to the second voltage V12;

[0007] A second switch tube M2, whose current input terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the first switch tube M1, whose current output terminal is connected to a third voltage V13, and whose control terminal is connected to a fourth voltage V14;

[0008] The transmission module has a transmission mode, in which the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are both in a conducting state;

[0009] The second voltage V12 provides a control terminal voltage VF to the first switch tube M1 after voltage division by the internal regulating circuit, and causes the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 to change nonlinearly following the second voltage V12.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the voltage difference V between the control terminal voltage and the current output terminal voltage of the first switch tube M1 is gs Reaching the threshold voltage difference V GS When , the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is always at the maximum current IMM;

[0011] The second switch tube M2 is configured such that a maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2 is smaller than the maximum current IMM.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the fourth voltage V14 is set to a constant voltage V14T, and the maximum current IDT is calculated according to the following formula:

[0013] ;

[0014] in, , and represent the electron mobility of the second switch tube M2, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the second switch tube M2 respectively, represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch tube M2.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the internal regulation circuit includes:

[0016] A third switch tube M3, whose current input terminal is connected to a current output terminal and is connected to the second voltage V12;

[0017] The fourth switch tube M4 has its current input terminal connected to the current output terminal and connected to the fifth voltage V15, and the control terminal of the fourth switch tube M4, the control terminal of the third switch tube M3 and the control terminal of the first switch tube M1 are connected.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the transfer function of the transfer module is:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, represents the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1, represents the second voltage V12, , and represent the electron mobility of the first switch tube M1, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the first switch tube M1 respectively, represents the equivalent capacitance of the third switch tube M3, represents the equivalent capacitance of the fourth switch tube M4, represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the transmission module further has an adjustment mode and a sleep mode;

[0022] In the transfer mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a high level state, and the transfer module is disconnected from the external regulation circuit;

[0023] In the regulation mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a low level state, and the transmission module is connected to an external regulation circuit;

[0024] In the sleep mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a low level state, and the transmission module is disconnected from the external regulation circuit.

[0025] In a possible implementation, both the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are NMOS tubes;

[0026] The third switch tube M3 and the fourth switch tube M4 are both PMOS tubes.

[0027] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for a transfer module simulating a computer chip as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Control the connection status between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module;

[0029] Controlling the level state of the fourth voltage V14 input to the control terminal of the second switch tube M2;

[0030] The current working mode of the transmission module is set according to the connection state between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module and the level state of the fourth voltage V14. The working modes of the transmission module include sleep mode, transmission mode and regulating mode.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the method for setting the working mode of the transfer module includes the following steps:

[0032] The external regulating circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, and a fourth voltage V14 in a low level state is input to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the sleep mode;

[0033] Connecting the external regulating circuit to the transmission module, and inputting a fourth voltage V14 in a low level state to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the regulating mode;

[0034] The external regulating circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, and a fourth voltage V14 in a high level state is input to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the transmission mode.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the control method further includes the following steps:

[0036] In the regulation mode, the working time of the external regulation circuit and the magnitude of the second voltage V12 are controlled to change the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1, thereby achieving the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1. , thereby achieving the adjustment of the transfer function of the transfer module.

[0037] In a possible implementation, in the transfer mode,

[0038] exist When the first switch tube M1 is in the off state, the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is always 0;

[0039] exist When the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly following the second voltage V12, V12T represents the magnitude of the second voltage V12 when the transfer current IM is at the maximum current IDT of the second switch tube M2;

[0040] exist When the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is limited to the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2.

[0041] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an analog computer chip, comprising:

[0042] A plurality of input interfaces, through which external voltage signals are input into the analog computer chip;

[0043] Several levels of transmission modules, each level of transmission module includes several transmission modules as mentioned above;

[0044] Several levels of computing modules, each level of computing module includes several computing modules;

[0045] A plurality of output interfaces are respectively connected to a plurality of computing modules in the last-level computing module;

[0046] Among them, the external voltage signals input by each input interface are converted into current signals through each transmission module connected to each input interface, and each current signal is input into each operation module of the first level connected to each transmission module. Each operation module of the first level superimposes each input current signal and converts it into each voltage signal of the next level, and inputs each voltage signal into each transmission module of the next level, and so on. After the transformation of n-level transmission modules and n-level operation modules, the final voltage signals obtained by each operation module of the nth level are input into several output interfaces, and each final voltage signal is output by the several output interfaces.

[0047] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, an external regulation circuit is provided, in which a first regulation voltage V21 is grounded through a fifth switch tube M5, a sixth switch tube M6, a seventh switch tube M7 and an eighth switch tube M8 in sequence, an output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to a current output terminal of the sixth switch tube M6, and the output terminal OUT is connected to an input terminal of the internal regulation circuit of the aforementioned transmission module in an on-off manner;

[0048] The control end of the fifth switch tube M5 is connected to the first control voltage, the control end of the sixth switch tube M6 is connected to the control end of the seventh switch tube M7 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22, and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8 is connected to the second control voltage;

[0049] The external regulation circuit has a regulation mode. In the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are in an on state, the eighth switch tube M8 is in an off state, and the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT and equal to the second voltage V12 in the transmission module, so that the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module is regulated by adjusting the magnitude of the first regulation voltage V21.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the external regulation circuit further includes a ninth switch tube M9, a tenth switch tube M10, an eleventh switch tube M11, a twelfth switch tube M12, and a thirteenth switch tube M13;

[0051] The current input end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the first regulating voltage V21, the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to both the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current input end of the eleventh switch tube M11;

[0052] The current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 is connected to the control end of the eleventh switch tube M11 and connected to the second regulating voltage V22, the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is also connected to the control end of the fifth switch tube M5, and the voltage of the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is the first control voltage;

[0053] The current output end of the eleventh switch tube M11 is connected to the current input end of the twelfth switch tube M12;

[0054] The current output terminal of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the current input terminal of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control terminal of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the third regulation voltage V23;

[0055] The control end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is connected to the pulse voltage VPP, and the current output end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is grounded.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the external regulation circuit further includes an inverter U1, an input end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the twelfth switch tube M12, an output end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the eighth switch tube M8, and a voltage at the output end of the inverter U1 is the second control voltage.

[0057] In a possible implementation, when in the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the thirteenth switch tube M13, the twelfth switch tube M12, the eleventh switch tube M11, the ninth switch tube M9, the tenth switch tube M10, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are all in the on state, and the eighth switch tube M8 is in the off state, so that the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the external regulation circuit has an erase mode. When in the erase mode of the external regulation circuit, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module, the second voltage V12 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the fifth voltage V15 is equal to the first regulation voltage V21, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the external regulation circuit further includes a fourteenth switch tube M14, a fifteenth switch tube M15, a sixteenth switch tube M16 and a seventeenth switch tube M17;

[0060] The current input end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current output end of the fifteenth switch tube M15, the current output end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current input end of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the output end of the inverter U1 and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8;

[0061] The current input end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9, and the control end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current output end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22;

[0062] The current input end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17, and the control end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17;

[0063] The current input end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the first regulating voltage V21, the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the external regulation circuit has a preparation mode. When in the preparation mode of the external regulation circuit, the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module; the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT at the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the time during which the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time during which the pulse voltage VPP maintains a high level.

[0066] In a possible implementation, when in the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the time for which the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time (N-1) of N-1 cycles of the pulse voltage VPP. T is less than the time N of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP When T, the time for the external regulation circuit to regulate the transfer module is the time N of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP. T, wherein N≥1, so that the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module is adjusted by adjusting the time that the third adjustment voltage V23 maintains a high level or the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP.

[0067] According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method for the external regulating circuit as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Determining an operating mode of an external regulating circuit, wherein the operating mode of the external regulating circuit includes an adjusting mode, a preparing mode, and an erasing mode;

[0069] The on / off connection state between the external regulation circuit and the transmission module, and the level states of the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are determined according to the working mode of the external regulation circuit.

[0070] In a possible implementation, determining the on / off connection state between the external regulation circuit and the transmission module, and the level states of the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22, and the third regulation voltage V23 according to the working mode of the external regulation circuit includes the following steps:

[0071] When the working mode is the erasing mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulating circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module, the second voltage V12 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulating voltage V21, the second regulating voltage V22 and the third regulating voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the fifth voltage V15 is equal to the first regulating voltage V21, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module;

[0072] When the working mode is the regulation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT, and is equal to the second voltage V12, so that by controlling the time that the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level, the time of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP and the first regulation voltage V21, the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module is regulated, thereby realizing the adjustment of the transfer function of the transmission module;

[0073] When the working mode is the preparation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V.

[0074] In the prior art, the transfer module of the artificial intelligence chip needs to perform two transformations, namely, one linear transformation and one nonlinear transformation, which results in low transmission efficiency of the transfer module and complex circuit structure. The transfer module of the embodiment of the present invention can directly perform nonlinear transformation on the input data, that is, only one transformation is required to obtain the same effect as the prior art solution, which significantly improves the transmission efficiency and reduces the circuit complexity.

[0075] In addition, the present invention uses analog circuits to control current transfer, making full use of the high efficiency and low power consumption of analog circuits when processing continuous signals. By performing only one transformation, the chip can complete complex computing tasks at lower power consumption, thereby greatly improving computing efficiency. This design enables computing tasks to be completed more quickly, while reducing the latency and power consumption problems in traditional digital computing architectures, and is particularly suitable for application scenarios that require efficient data processing and low power consumption.

[0076] In addition, the external regulation circuit of the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module by controlling the time for the third regulation voltage V23 to maintain a high level, the time for one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP, and the magnitude of the first regulation voltage V21, thereby adjusting the turn-on threshold voltage V th Therefore, the circuit design of the external adjustment circuit enables the transfer module to accurately adjust its transfer function according to the input voltage, thereby ensuring that the transfer function of the transfer module meets the design requirements of the artificial intelligence calculation model, that is, according to the design requirements of the artificial intelligence calculation model, the turn-on threshold voltage V of the first switch tube M1 in each transfer module is adjusted by the external adjustment circuit. th Adjustment is performed so that the external voltage signals input by the input interfaces in1, in2, and in3, after the voltage-current-voltage conversion by the n-level transmission module and the n-level operation module, the several output interfaces at the output end output the same voltage signals as expected by the artificial intelligence calculation model.

[0077] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0078] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0079] Figure 1 A transfer function diagram of a MOS tube according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0080] Figure 2 A schematic circuit structure diagram of a transfer module simulating a computer chip according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0081] Figure 3 A transfer function schematic diagram of a transfer module according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0082] Figure 4 A schematic flow chart showing a control method of a transfer module simulating a computer chip according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0083] Figure 5A schematic network architecture diagram of an analog computer chip according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0084] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of an analog computer chip according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0085] Figure 7 A schematic circuit diagram of an external regulation circuit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0086] Figure 8 A schematic flow chart of a control method of an external regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0088] The transfer module of the embodiment of the present application utilizes the nonlinear transformation characteristics of the MOS tube to achieve the same technical effect as the prior art of "first linearly transforming the input data, and then nonlinearly transforming the transformed data through an activation function" through a single data transformation. The principle of the nonlinear transformation of the MOS tube is as follows: In the analog circuit, the formula of the drain current ID of the MOS tube is ,in, is the electron mobility, is the oxide layer capacitance, is the ratio of the width to the length of the MOS tube, is the voltage difference between the gate and the source, is the turn-on threshold voltage. , , as well as are fixed values. According to the inherent characteristics of MOS tubes, when Greater than When the MOS tube starts to conduct, the drain current will be generated in the MOS tube, and the drain current ID flowing through the MOS tube will not increase infinitely. The MOS tube is gradually turned on, and the drain current ID flowing through the MOS tube gradually increases. When the voltage difference of the MOS tube Reaching the threshold voltage difference When , the MOS tube is fully turned on, and the drain current ID flowing through the MOS tube is always at the maximum drain current. The drain current ID is used as the dependent variable , As independent variable When , the transfer function of the MOS tube is According to the transfer function and the above analysis, the transfer function diagram of the MOS tube can be obtained, as shown in Figure 1 shown.

[0089] like Figure 1 As shown, when the MOS tube When , the MOS tube is in the off state, and the drain current ID is always 0. When the drain current ID increases rather than linearly. When the MOS tube is fully turned on, the drain current ID is always almost equal to the maximum drain current. As input data, and lie in and Between The drain current ID obtained after one transformation is the output data obtained after one nonlinear transformation of the input data.

[0090] Based on the above principles, the design is as follows Figure 2 The circuit structure of the transfer module of the analog computer chip shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the transmission module includes a transmission circuit 100 and an internal regulation circuit 200. The transmission circuit 100 includes a first switch tube M1 and a second switch tube M2. The current input end of the first switch tube M1 is connected to the first voltage V11, and the control end of the first switch tube M1 is connected to the internal regulation circuit 200. The input end of the internal regulation circuit 200 is connected to the second voltage V12. The current input end of the second switch tube M2 is connected to the current output end of the first switch tube M1, the current output end of the second switch tube M2 is connected to the third voltage V13, and the control end of the second switch tube M2 is connected to the fourth voltage V14. The transmission module has a transmission mode. In the transmission mode, the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are both in the on state. After the second voltage V12 is divided by the internal regulation circuit, the control end voltage VF is provided to the first switch tube M1, and the transmission current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly following the second voltage V12.

[0091] In the prior art, the transfer module of the artificial intelligence chip needs to perform two transformations, namely, one linear transformation and one nonlinear transformation, which results in low transmission efficiency of the transfer module and complex circuit structure. The transfer module of the embodiment of the present invention can directly perform nonlinear transformation on the input data, that is, only one transformation is required to obtain the same effect as the prior art solution, which significantly improves the transmission efficiency and reduces the circuit complexity.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are preferably NMOS tubes. The first voltage V11 is a voltage generated by the mutual coupling between the first switch tube M1 and the module connected to the first switch tube M1. The third voltage V13 is a fixed value. The transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is the drain current ID of the MOS tube mentioned above.

[0093] In some embodiments, the internal regulation circuit includes a third switch tube M3 and a fourth switch tube M4. The current input terminal of the third switch tube M3 is connected to the current output terminal and connected to the second voltage V12. The current input terminal of the fourth switch tube M4 is connected to the current output terminal and connected to the fifth voltage V15. The control terminal of the fourth switch tube M4, the control terminal of the third switch tube M3 and the control terminal of the first switch tube M1 are connected. In the scheme of this embodiment, a voltage divider circuit is formed between the third switch tube M3 and the fourth switch tube M4, that is, according to the equivalent capacitance of the third switch tube M3 and the fourth switch tube M4, a suitable voltage difference is formed between the voltage V12 and V15, so as to accurately adjust the control terminal voltage of the first switch tube M1. Among them, the third switch tube M3 and the fourth switch tube M4 are preferably PMOS tubes.

[0094] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the transfer module has a transfer mode, in which only one transformation is required to obtain the same effect as the prior art solution. The working process of the transfer module in the transfer mode is as follows: when the fourth voltage V14 is set to a high level state and the transfer module is disconnected from the external adjustment circuit, the transfer module is in the transfer mode. In the transfer mode, the fifth voltage V15 is preferably 0V, the third voltage V13 is preferably 0V, the second switch tube M2 is turned on, and the transfer current IM flows through the first switch tube M1, that is, the drain current ID of the aforementioned MOS tube. At the same time, when designing the circuit, the size of the equivalent capacitance CC3 of the third switch tube M3 and the equivalent capacitance CC4 of the fourth switch tube M4 are known, so at this time, it can be obtained that the control terminal voltage VF, that is, the gate voltage of the MOS tube satisfies the following formula: From the above analysis, we can know that the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 = the drain current , where the voltage difference of the first switch tube M1 is ,in, is a fixed value.

[0095] From the above analysis, we can see that when the transfer current IM is used as the dependent variable , taking the second voltage V12 as the independent variable When , the transfer function of the transfer module is: , , and represent the electron mobility of the first switch tube M1, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the first switch tube M1 respectively, represents the equivalent capacitance of the third switch tube M3, represents the equivalent capacitance of the fourth switch tube M4, represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1.

[0096] In some embodiments, the voltage difference between the control terminal voltage and the current output terminal voltage of the first switch tube M1 is Reaching the threshold voltage difference When the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is always at the maximum current IMM, the second switch tube M2 is set to have a maximum current IDT smaller than the maximum current IMM. By setting the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2 to be smaller than IMM, it is possible to ensure that the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is limited to the maximum current IDT.

[0097] Specifically, the aforementioned Figure 1 From the analysis, we can see that when the MOS tube Reaching the threshold voltage difference , the MOS tube is fully turned on, and the drain current ID flowing through the MOS tube is always at the maximum drain current, but at this time, in the transfer module of the present application, since the second switch tube M2 is connected in series with the first switch tube M1, the current flowing through the two is equal. At the same time, the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2 is determined by the fourth voltage V14. Therefore, when the transfer current IM is less than or equal to the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2, the current flowing through the second switch tube M2 is equal to the transfer current IM. When the transfer current IM is greater than the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2, the transfer current IM is limited by the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2, and is equal to the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2. In the embodiment of the present invention, the size of the transfer current IM can be limited by limiting the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2.

[0098] Combined with the above analysis, it can be seen that when the voltage difference V gs Reaching the threshold voltage difference V GS When , the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is always at the maximum current IMM, and the IMM satisfies the following formula: , and when the fourth voltage V14 is set to a constant voltage V14T, according to the drain current formula, the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2 at this time is obtained to be ,in, , and represent the electron mobility of the second switch tube M2, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the second switch tube M2 respectively, represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch tube M2, V14T represents the fixed voltage set by the fourth voltage V14. At this time, when the maximum current IDT is designed to be smaller than the maximum current IMM, it can be ensured that the maximum value of the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is limited by the second switch tube M2. It can be further obtained that the maximum value of the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is determined by the fixed voltage V14T set by the fourth voltage V14.

[0099] At this time, , through the above formula, we can get the magnitude of the second voltage V12 when the transfer current IM is at the maximum value of the current in the second switch tube M2, which is represented by V12T. At this time, according to the transfer function Combined with the above analysis of using the second switch tube M2 to limit the transfer current IM, a transfer function diagram of the transfer module can be obtained, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0100] like Figure 3 As shown, when the second voltage When , the first switch tube M1 is in the off state, so the transfer current IM is always 0. When , the transfer current IM increases nonlinearly with the increase of the second voltage V12. When , the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 is limited to the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2.

[0101] It can be seen from this that when the second voltage V12 is used as input data, the transfer current IM obtained by transforming the second voltage V12 once is the output data obtained by transforming the input data once.

[0102] In addition, based on the formula of the drain current ID of the above MOS tube It can be seen that in addition to using MOS tubes for nonlinear transformation, the transfer function of MOS tubes can also be adjusted by adjusting the turn-on threshold voltage of the MOS tubes. Figure 2 In the embodiment shown in the figure, in addition to the above-described method of converting the second voltage V12 once to obtain the transfer current IM, it is also possible to convert the first switch tube M1 to a threshold voltage Adjustments are made to achieve regulation of the transfer function of the transfer module.

[0103] exist Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, the transmission module has an adjustment mode, which can be realized by adjusting the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1. Adjustment is performed to achieve the adjustment of the transfer function of the transfer module. In the adjustment mode, the fourth voltage V14 is set to a low level state, the second switch tube M2 is in an off state, and the current input end and the current output end of the third switch tube M3 are both connected to the external adjustment circuit, that is, the input end of the second voltage V12 is connected to the external adjustment circuit. The external adjustment circuit changes the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 by controlling the magnitude of the second voltage V12 and the working time of the external adjustment circuit, thereby achieving the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1. In one embodiment, in the regulation mode, the fifth voltage V15 is 0V.

[0104] The transmission module also has a sleep mode, and when the fourth voltage V14 is set to a low level state and the external regulating circuit is set to be disconnected from the transmission module, the transmission module is in sleep mode. In sleep mode, the second switch tube M2 is in an off state, and no current flows through the first switch tube M1.

[0105] Therefore, the transfer module of the analog computer chip in the present application has multiple working modes, and the adjustment and calculation of the transfer function can be realized simultaneously without adding additional devices inside the analog computer chip, thereby further reducing the chip size.

[0106] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a control method for a transfer module of an analog computer chip as described above is provided. Figure 4 FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart showing a control method of a transfer module simulating a computer chip according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, the control method includes:

[0107] Step S100, controlling the connection state between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module;

[0108] Step S200, controlling the level state of the fourth voltage V14 input to the control terminal of the second switch tube M2;

[0109] Step S300, setting the current working mode of the transmission module according to the connection state between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module and the level state of the fourth voltage V14, the working modes of the transmission module include sleep mode, transmission mode and regulating mode.

[0110] In some embodiments, the method for setting the working mode includes the following steps: setting the external regulation circuit to be disconnected from the transmission module, and inputting the fourth voltage V14 in a low level state to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the sleep mode; setting the external regulation circuit to be connected to the transmission module, and inputting the fourth voltage V14 in a low level state to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the regulation mode; setting the external regulation circuit to be disconnected from the transmission module, and inputting the fourth voltage V14 in a high level state to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the transmission mode.

[0111] In some embodiments, the control method further comprises the following steps: in the regulation mode, controlling the working time of the external regulation circuit and the magnitude of the second voltage V12 to change the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1, thereby achieving the turn-on threshold voltage V th The transfer function of the transfer module can be adjusted through adjustment.

[0112] In some embodiments, in the transfer mode, When , the first switch tube M1 is in the off state, and the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is always 0; When , the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly following the second voltage V12; When the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is limited to the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2, V12T represents the magnitude of the second voltage V12 when the transfer current IM is at the maximum current IDT of the second switch tube M2.

[0113] This control method corresponds to the scheme of the aforementioned transmission module, and other contents not mentioned are consistent with the scheme of the transmission module and will not be repeated here.

[0114] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, an analog computer chip is provided. Figure 5 A schematic network architecture diagram of an analog computer chip according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The analog computer chip includes a plurality of input interfaces, a plurality of transmission modules, a plurality of computing modules and a plurality of output interfaces.

[0115] like Figure 5 As shown, several input interfaces are recorded as in1, in2, in3, etc., and the external voltage signal is input into the analog computer chip through several input interfaces. Each level of transmission module includes several transmission modules as mentioned above. Each level of operation module includes several operation modules. The mth operation module included in the nth level operation module is recorded as operation module nm, as shown in FIG. Figure 5In the embodiment, the operation modules in the first-level operation module are respectively recorded as operation module 11, operation module 12, operation module 13, ..., the operation modules in the second-level operation module are respectively recorded as operation module 21, operation module 22, operation module 23, ..., and the operation modules in the n-th-level operation module are respectively recorded as operation module n1, operation module n2, operation module n3, .... Several output interfaces are respectively connected to several operation modules in the last-level operation module. The several output interfaces are recorded as out1, out2, out3, .... Among them, the external voltage signals input by each input interface in1, in2, in3... are converted into current signals through each transmission module connected to each input interface, and each current signal is input into each operation module (operation module 11, operation module 12, operation module 13...) of the first level connected to each transmission module. After superimposing each input current signal, each operation module of the first level converts it into each voltage signal of the next level, and inputs each voltage signal into each transmission module (operation module 21, operation module 22, operation module 23...) of the next level. By analogy, after the transformation of n-level transmission modules and n-level operation modules, the final voltage signal obtained by each operation module of the nth level (operation module n1, operation module n2, operation module n3...) is input into several output interfaces out1, out2, out3..., and each final voltage signal is output by several output interfaces. In some embodiments, the number of the input interfaces is the same as or different from the number of operation modules in each level of operation modules. The number of operation modules in the nth level operation module is the same as the number of output interfaces.

[0116] The analog computer chip in the embodiment of the present application can realize efficient conversion of voltage signal to current signal and current signal to voltage signal through multiple cascaded transmission modules and operation module structures. The design of this structure enables each level of operation module to cooperate closely with the voltage-current conversion circuit of the transmission module through the current-voltage conversion circuit to convert the input signal step by step, thereby ensuring the efficiency of signal processing. Through precise current-voltage conversion, the operation speed of the chip can be greatly improved, avoiding multiple conversion steps in traditional calculation methods, thereby achieving faster signal processing and response speed under the same input conditions. In addition, through a specific circuit structure, the present application can control the size of the transfer current IM flowing through each transfer module without adding additional devices, reducing the volume of each operation module, thereby further reducing the volume of the chip.

[0117] In addition, due to the close coupling of each level of transmission module and operation module, and the design of combining current signal transmission and voltage signal conversion, the analog computer chip in this application can greatly reduce the size of the chip. Traditional artificial intelligence chips require multiple independent transformation steps and complex circuit structures, while this solution reduces additional circuit components through optimized module design and signal processing methods.

[0118] Figure 6 FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an analog computer chip according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, input interfaces in1, in2, and in3 input external voltage signals into the corresponding three transmission modules. The three transmission modules convert the external voltage signals into corresponding three transmission currents IM111, IM112, and IM113, respectively. The operation module 11 adds the three transmission currents to obtain the transmission current IM11 corresponding to the operation module 11. At the same time, the transmission current IM11 is converted into the input voltage V1211 of the three transmission modules of the next stage connected to the operation module 11 through the operation module 11. The three transmission modules of the next stage convert the input voltage V1211 into corresponding three transmission currents IM211, IM221, and IM231, respectively. The three transmission currents IM211, IM221, and IM231 are respectively subjected to the operation of the next stage through the operation module 21, the operation module 22, and the operation module 23.

[0119] By analogy, after transformation through n-level transmission modules and n-level operation modules, the voltage signals obtained by each operation module of the nth level are input into several output interfaces out1, out2, etc. at the output end, and several output interfaces at the output end output the final voltage signals obtained by simulating the operation of the computer chip.

[0120] From the above analysis, it can be known that the operation module converts the input current signal into a voltage signal and then outputs it, and the size of the output voltage signal is related to the input current signal, that is, the operation module in this application can use a current-voltage analog conversion circuit, and cooperate with the voltage-current conversion circuit of the transmission module to further reduce the chip volume, improve the chip operation speed and reduce the chip power consumption. At the same time, the transfer current IM of multiple transmission modules will be input into the same operation module. In order to reduce the size of the current input into the operation module, thereby reducing the size of the operation module, the size of the transfer current IM can be limited by limiting the maximum value of the current flowing through the second switch tube M2. Therefore, this application controls the size of the transfer current IM flowing through each transmission module, thereby reducing the size of each operation module.

[0121] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an external regulation circuit is provided. Figure 7FIG. 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of an external regulation circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, in the external regulation circuit, the first regulation voltage V21 is grounded through the fifth switch tube M5, the sixth switch tube M6, the seventh switch tube M7 and the eighth switch tube M8 in sequence, the output end OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the current output end of the sixth switch tube M6, and the output end OUT is connected to the input end of the internal regulation circuit of the transmission module in an on-off manner. The control end of the fifth switch tube M5 is connected to the first control voltage, the control end of the sixth switch tube M6 is connected to the control end of the seventh switch tube M7 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22, and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8 is connected to the second control voltage. The external regulation circuit has a regulation mode. In the regulation mode, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are in the on state, the eighth switch tube M8 is in the off state, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output end OUT, and is equal to the second voltage V12, so as to adjust the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module.

[0122] According to the solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the external regulation circuit adjusts the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module by controlling the time for the third regulation voltage V23 to maintain a high level, the time for one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP, and the magnitude of the first regulation voltage V21, thereby adjusting the turn-on threshold voltage V th Therefore, the circuit design of the external adjustment circuit enables the transfer module to accurately adjust its transfer function according to the input voltage, thereby ensuring that the transfer function of the transfer module meets the design requirements of the artificial intelligence calculation model, that is, according to the design requirements of the artificial intelligence calculation model, the turn-on threshold voltage V of the first switch tube M1 in each transfer module is adjusted by the external adjustment circuit. th Adjustment is performed so that the external voltage signals input by the input interfaces in1, in2, and in3, after the voltage-current-voltage conversion by the n-level transmission module and the n-level operation module, the several output interfaces at the output end output the same voltage signals as expected by the artificial intelligence calculation model.

[0123] The external regulation circuit of the present invention can achieve precise regulation of the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module through simple switch tube control and voltage regulation, thereby regulating the transfer function of the transfer module. Such a design effectively reduces the complexity of the circuit and improves the efficiency of the system.

[0124] In some embodiments, the external regulation circuit further includes a ninth switch tube M9, a tenth switch tube M10, an eleventh switch tube M11, a twelfth switch tube M12, a thirteenth switch tube M13 and an inverter U1. The current input end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the first regulation voltage V21, the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to both the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current input end of the eleventh switch tube M11. The current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 is connected to the control end of the eleventh switch tube M11 and is connected to the second regulation voltage V22, and the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is also connected to the control end of the fifth switch tube M5. The current output end of the eleventh switch tube M11 is connected to the current input end of the twelfth switch tube M12. The current output end of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the current input end of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control end of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the third regulation voltage V23. The control end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is connected to the pulse voltage VPP, and the current output end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is grounded. The input end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the twelfth switch tube M12, and the output end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the eighth switch tube M8. The voltage of the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is the aforementioned first control voltage. The voltage of the output end of the inverter U1 is the aforementioned second control voltage. Among them, the first adjustment voltage V21 is greater than the second adjustment voltage V22, preferably V22=0.75V21 or V22=0.5V21.

[0125] When the external regulation circuit is in the regulation mode, the fifth voltage V15 is set to 0 V. When the external regulation circuit is in the regulation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the thirteenth switch tube M13, the twelfth switch tube M12, the eleventh switch tube M11, the ninth switch tube M9, the tenth switch tube M10, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are all in the on state, and the eighth switch tube M8 is in the off state, so that the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT.

[0126] In some embodiments, the fifth switch tube M5, the sixth switch tube M6 and the ninth switch tube M9 are preferably PMOS tubes, and the seventh switch tube M7, the eighth switch tube M8, the tenth switch tube M10, the eleventh switch tube M11, the twelfth switch tube M12 and the thirteenth switch tube M13 are preferably NMOS tubes.

[0127] Specifically, the working principle of the external regulation circuit in the regulation mode is:

[0128] In this regulation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, and at the same time, the fifth voltage V15 is set to 0V. The first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the thirteenth switch tube M13 is turned on. Due to the conduction of the thirteenth switch tube M13, the source connected to the twelfth switch tube M12 is pulled down, and at the same time, the gate of the twelfth switch tube M12 is pulled up by the third regulation voltage V23, so the twelfth switch tube M12 is turned on.

[0129] Then, the source of the eleventh switch tube M11 is pulled down by the twelfth switch tube M12 and the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the gate is pulled up by the second regulation voltage V22. Therefore, the eleventh switch tube M11 is turned on, and the voltage VA at point A is pulled down, thereby turning on the ninth switch tube M9. After the ninth switch tube M9 is turned on, the voltage at point B is pulled up to the first regulation voltage V21. At this time, the gate voltage of the tenth switch tube M10 is the first regulation voltage V21, and the source voltage is the second regulation voltage V22. Since the first regulation voltage V21 is greater than the second regulation voltage V22, the tenth switch tube M10 is turned on, and the voltage VA at point A is clamped at the second regulation voltage V22.

[0130] At this time, the gate voltage of the fifth switch tube M5 is lower than the source voltage, so the fifth switch tube M5 is turned on, further causing the source voltage of the sixth switch tube M6 to be pulled up to the first adjustment voltage V21, and the gate voltage is the second adjustment voltage V22, and the sixth switch tube M6 is turned on. At the same time, the third adjustment voltage V23 outputs a low-level voltage after passing through the inverter U1, and is input to the control end of the eighth switch tube M8, so the eighth switch tube M8 is in the off state. As a result, the voltage VOUT of the output end OUT of the external adjustment circuit is equal to the first adjustment voltage V21, and is equal to the second voltage V12 of the transmission module. Therefore, the external adjustment circuit controls the second voltage V12 of the transmission module to be equal to the first adjustment voltage V21, and at the same time, the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module is designed to be 0V, thereby adjusting the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module.

[0131] At the same time, in this regulation mode, the time for the third regulation voltage V23 to maintain a high level is greater than the time for the pulse voltage VPP to maintain a high level. Therefore, even if the third regulation voltage V23 and the pulse voltage VPP are both switched from a high level to a low level, since the thirteenth switch tube M13 is in the off state at this time, there is no charge discharge path in the circuit, and the charge at various locations in the circuit remains unchanged. Therefore, the circuit state always maintains the state analyzed above until the next time the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level.

[0132] From the above analysis, it can be seen that the time for the third regulation voltage V23 to maintain a high level is greater than the time (N-1) of the N-1 cycle of the pulse voltage VPP. T is less than the time N of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP When T, the time for the external regulation circuit to regulate the transfer module is the time N of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP. T, where N≥1. For example, if the time for which the third regulating voltage V23 maintains a high level is less than the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP, the time for the external regulating circuit to regulate the transmission module is the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP; if the time for which the third regulating voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP and less than the time 2T of two cycles of the pulse voltage VPP, the time for the external regulating circuit to regulate the transmission module is the time 2T of two cycles of the pulse voltage VPP, and so on.

[0133] Therefore, the external regulation circuit adjusts the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module by controlling the time that the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level, the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP, and the first regulation voltage V21, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the transfer function of the transfer module.

[0134] In some embodiments, the external regulation circuit also has an erase mode. The working principle of the external regulation circuit in the erase mode is the same as that in the regulation mode, and the only difference is the connection method between the external regulation circuit and the transmission module. In the erase mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module. In the erase mode, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the fifth voltage V15, and the second voltage V12 is set to 0V, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module to ensure that the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 can be accurately controlled in the regulation mode.

[0135] In some embodiments, in the erasing mode, the time for which the third regulating voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time for which the pulse voltage VPP maintains a high level. At this time, even if the third regulating voltage V23 and the pulse voltage VPP are both switched from a high level to a low level, since the thirteenth switch tube M13 is in the off state at this time, there is no charge discharge path in the circuit, and the charge at each location in the circuit remains unchanged. Therefore, the circuit state always maintains the state analyzed above until the next time the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level.

[0136] In some embodiments, the external regulation circuit further includes a fourteenth switch tube M14, a fifteenth switch tube M15, a sixteenth switch tube M16, and a seventeenth switch tube M17. The current input end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current output end of the fifteenth switch tube M15, the current output end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current input end of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the output end of the inverter U1 and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8. The current input end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9, and the control end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current output end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22. The current input end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17, and the control end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17. The current input end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the first regulating voltage V21, the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10.

[0137] In some embodiments, the seventeenth switch tube M17 is preferably a PMOS tube, and the fourteenth switch tube M14, the fifteenth switch tube M15, and the sixteenth switch tube M16 are preferably NMOS tubes.

[0138] In some embodiments, the external regulation circuit has a preparation mode, in which the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module. In the preparation mode, the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V. In some embodiments, the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level for a longer time than the pulse voltage VPP maintains a high level.

[0139] The working principle of the external regulation circuit in the preparation mode is:

[0140] In this preparation mode, the output voltage VOUT of the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module. At this time, the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high level, and the third regulation voltage V23 is low level. As the pulse voltage VPP switches from low level to high level, the thirteenth switch tube M13 is turned on. At the same time, the third regulation voltage V23 outputs a high level voltage after passing through the inverter U1, and the high level voltage is input to the gate of the fourteenth switch tube M14. Since the source of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is pulled down by the thirteenth switch tube M13, the fourteenth switch tube M14 is turned on.

[0141] Then, the source of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is pulled down by the fourteenth switch tube M14 and the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the gate is pulled up by the second regulation voltage V22, so the fifteenth switch tube M15 is turned on, the voltage at point B is pulled down, and the seventeenth switch tube M17 is triggered to turn on. After the seventeenth switch tube M17 is turned on, the voltage at point A VA is pulled up to the first regulation voltage V21. At this time, the gate voltage of the fifth switch tube M5 is equal to the source voltage, causing the fifth switch tube M5 to be in the off state. At the same time, the third regulation voltage V23 outputs a high-level voltage after passing through the inverter U1. After the high-level voltage is input to the eighth switch tube M8, the eighth switch tube M8 is turned on. At this time, the source voltage of the seventh switch tube M7 is pulled down by the eighth switch tube M8, and the gate voltage is equal to the second regulation voltage V22. Therefore, at this time, the seventh switch tube M7 is turned on, and finally the voltage VOUT at the output end OUT of the external regulation circuit is always kept at 0V.

[0142] In addition, in the preparation mode, the time for which the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time for which the pulse voltage VPP maintains a high level. Therefore, even if the pulse voltage VPP and the third regulation voltage V23 are both switched from a high level to a low level, since the thirteenth switch tube M13 is in the off state in the circuit, no charge discharge path is formed, and the charge in the circuit remains unchanged. Therefore, the state of the circuit will continue to remain in the state described in the above analysis until the next time the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level.

[0143] According to a fifth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a control method of the external regulating circuit as described above is provided. Figure 8 FIG. 2 shows a schematic flow chart of a control method of an external regulating circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the control method includes:

[0144] Step S110, determining the working mode of the external regulating circuit, the working modes of the external regulating circuit including a regulating mode, a preparation mode and an erasing mode;

[0145] Step S210, determining the on / off connection state between the external regulation circuit and the transmission module, and the level states of the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 according to the working mode of the external regulation circuit.

[0146] In some embodiments, step S210 includes the following steps: when the working mode is the erase mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module, the second voltage V12 is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the fifth voltage V15, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module; when the working mode is the regulation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, and the fifth voltage V15 is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT, and is equal to the second voltage V12, thereby adjusting the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module; when the working mode is the preparation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are all high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V.

[0147] According to the scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by flexibly controlling the connection state and the adjustment voltage of the external adjustment circuit and the transfer module in different working modes, the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module can be accurately controlled. The erase mode can effectively erase the floating gate charge value to ensure the accurate initialization of the transfer module. The preparation mode provides a safe circuit initialization method to ensure that the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is discharged to 0V after the erase mode or the adjustment mode, and is ready for the next entry into the erase mode or the adjustment mode, which effectively improves the reliability of the system. In the adjustment mode, by coordinating the control of the time for the third adjustment voltage V23 to maintain a high level, the time T of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP, and the first adjustment voltage V21, the external adjustment circuit realizes the control of the size of the second voltage V12 and the working time of the external adjustment circuit, so as to realize the precise adjustment of the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module, thereby ensuring that the transfer function of the transfer module has high precision.

[0148] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0149] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A transfer module simulating a computer chip, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transfer circuit and an internal regulating circuit, wherein the transfer circuit comprises: A first switch tube M1, whose current input terminal is connected to the first voltage V11, whose control terminal is connected to the internal regulation circuit, and whose input terminal is connected to the second voltage V12; A second switch tube M2, whose current input terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the first switch tube M1, whose current output terminal is connected to a third voltage V13, and whose control terminal is connected to a fourth voltage V14; The transmission module has a transmission mode, in which the first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are both in a conducting state; Wherein, after the second voltage V12 is divided by the internal regulating circuit, the control terminal voltage VF is provided to the first switch tube M1, and the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly following the second voltage V12; After the second voltage V12 is divided by the internal regulating circuit, the first switch tube M1 is When , the first switch tube M1 is in the off state, and the transfer current IM is always 0; when When the transfer current IM increases rather than linearly; when When , the first switch tube M1 is in a fully on state, and the transfer current IM is always at the maximum current IMM, wherein, represents the voltage difference between the control terminal voltage and the current output terminal voltage of the first switch tube M1, V GS represents the threshold voltage difference of the first switch tube M1, V th represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the first switch tube M1.

2. The transfer module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second switch tube M2 is configured such that a maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2 is smaller than the maximum current IMM.

3. The transfer module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fourth voltage V14 is set to a constant voltage V14T, and the maximum current IDT is calculated according to the following formula: ； in, represent the electron mobility of the second switch tube M2, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the second switch tube M2 respectively, represents the turn-on threshold voltage of the second switch tube M2.

4. The transfer module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The internal regulation circuit comprises: A third switch tube M3, whose current input terminal is connected to a current output terminal and is connected to the second voltage V12; The fourth switch tube M4 has its current input terminal connected to the current output terminal and connected to the fifth voltage V15, and the control terminal of the fourth switch tube M4, the control terminal of the third switch tube M3 and the control terminal of the first switch tube M1 are connected.

5. The transfer module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transfer function of the transfer module is: ； Wherein, y represents the transfer current IM flowing through the first switch tube M1, x represents the second voltage V12, represent the electron mobility of the first switch tube M1, the oxide layer capacitance and the ratio of the width to the length of the first switch tube M1 respectively, represents the equivalent capacitance of the third switch tube M3, represents the equivalent capacitance of the fourth switch tube M4.

6. The transfer module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The transmission module also has an adjustment mode and a sleep mode; In the transfer mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a high level state, and the transfer module is disconnected from the external regulation circuit; In the regulation mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a low level state, and the transmission module is connected to an external regulation circuit; In the sleep mode, the fourth voltage V14 is in a low level state, and the transmission module is disconnected from the external regulation circuit.

7. The transfer module according to any one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that: The first switch tube M1 and the second switch tube M2 are both NMOS tubes; The third switch tube M3 and the fourth switch tube M4 are both PMOS tubes.

8. A control method for a transfer module simulating a computer chip according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: Control the connection status between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module; Controlling the level state of the fourth voltage V14 input to the control terminal of the second switch tube M2; The current working mode of the transmission module is set according to the connection state between the external regulating circuit and the transmission module and the level state of the fourth voltage V14. The working modes of the transmission module include sleep mode, transmission mode and regulating mode.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method for setting the working mode of the transmission module comprises the following steps: The external regulating circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, and a fourth voltage V14 in a low level state is input to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the sleep mode; Connecting the external regulating circuit to the transmission module, and inputting a fourth voltage V14 in a low level state to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the regulating mode; The external regulating circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, and a fourth voltage V14 in a high level state is input to the control end of the second switch tube M2, so that the working mode of the transmission module is the transmission mode.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: In the regulation mode, the working time of the external regulation circuit and the magnitude of the second voltage V12 are controlled to change the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1, thereby achieving the turn-on threshold voltage V th , thereby achieving the adjustment of the transfer function of the transfer module.

11. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the transfer mode, exist When the first switch tube M1 is in the off state, the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is always 0; exist When the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 changes nonlinearly following the second voltage V12, V12T represents the magnitude of the second voltage V12 when the transfer current IM is at the maximum current IDT of the second switch tube M2; When V12>V12T, the transfer current IM of the first switch tube M1 is limited to the maximum current IDT flowing through the second switch tube M2.

12. An analog computer chip, characterized in that: include: A plurality of input interfaces, through which external voltage signals are input into the analog computer chip; A plurality of transfer modules, each of which comprises a plurality of transfer modules as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; Several levels of computing modules, each level of computing module includes several computing modules; A plurality of output interfaces are respectively connected to a plurality of computing modules in the last-level computing module; Among them, the external voltage signals input by each input interface are converted into current signals through each transmission module connected to each input interface, and each current signal is input into each operation module of the first level connected to each transmission module. Each operation module of the first level superimposes each input current signal and converts it into each voltage signal of the next level, and inputs each voltage signal into each transmission module of the next level, and so on. After the transformation of n-level transmission modules and n-level operation modules, the final voltage signals obtained by each operation module of the nth level are input into several output interfaces, and each final voltage signal is output by the several output interfaces.

13. An external regulation circuit, characterized in that: In the external regulation circuit, the first regulation voltage V21 is grounded through the fifth switch tube M5, the sixth switch tube M6, the seventh switch tube M7 and the eighth switch tube M8 in sequence, the output end OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the current output end of the sixth switch tube M6, and the output end OUT is connected to the input end of the internal regulation circuit of the transmission module according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in an on-off manner; The control end of the fifth switch tube M5 is connected to the first control voltage, the control end of the sixth switch tube M6 is connected to the control end of the seventh switch tube M7 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22, and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8 is connected to the second control voltage; The external regulation circuit has a regulation mode. In the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are in an on state, the eighth switch tube M8 is in an off state, and the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT and equal to the second voltage V12 in the transmission module, so that the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module is regulated by adjusting the magnitude of the first regulation voltage V21.

14. The external regulation circuit according to claim 13, characterized in that: It also includes a ninth switch tube M9, a tenth switch tube M10, an eleventh switch tube M11, a twelfth switch tube M12 and a thirteenth switch tube M13; The current input end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the first regulating voltage V21, the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 is connected to both the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current input end of the eleventh switch tube M11; The current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 is connected to the control end of the eleventh switch tube M11 and connected to the second regulating voltage V22, the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is also connected to the control end of the fifth switch tube M5, and the voltage of the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10 is the first control voltage; The current output end of the eleventh switch tube M11 is connected to the current input end of the twelfth switch tube M12; The current output terminal of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the current input terminal of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control terminal of the twelfth switch tube M12 is connected to the third regulation voltage V23; The control end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is connected to the pulse voltage VPP, and the current output end of the thirteenth switch tube M13 is grounded.

15. The external regulation circuit according to claim 14, characterized in that: It also includes an inverter U1, the input end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the twelfth switch tube M12, the output end of the inverter U1 is connected to the control end of the eighth switch tube M8, and the voltage of the output end of the inverter U1 is the second control voltage.

16. The external regulation circuit according to claim 15, characterized in that: When in the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the output end OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input end of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the thirteenth switch tube M13, the twelfth switch tube M12, the eleventh switch tube M11, the ninth switch tube M9, the tenth switch tube M10, the fifth switch tube M5 and the sixth switch tube M6 are all in the on state, and the eighth switch tube M8 is in the off state, so that the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output end OUT.

17. The external regulation circuit according to claim 15, characterized in that: The external regulation circuit has an erase mode. When in the erase mode of the external regulation circuit, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module, the second voltage V12 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the fifth voltage V15 is equal to the first regulation voltage V21, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module.

18. The external regulation circuit according to claim 16, characterized in that: It also includes a fourteenth switch tube M14, a fifteenth switch tube M15, a sixteenth switch tube M16 and a seventeenth switch tube M17; The current input end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current output end of the fifteenth switch tube M15, the current output end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the current input end of the thirteenth switch tube M13, and the control end of the fourteenth switch tube M14 is connected to the output end of the inverter U1 and the control end of the eighth switch tube M8; The current input end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9, and the control end of the fifteenth switch tube M15 is connected to the current output end of the tenth switch tube M10 and the current output end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 and connected to the second regulation voltage V22; The current input end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the current output end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17, and the control end of the sixteenth switch tube M16 is connected to the control end of the ninth switch tube M9 and the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17; The current input end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the first regulating voltage V21, the current output end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the current input end of the tenth switch tube M10, and the control end of the seventeenth switch tube M17 is connected to the control end of the tenth switch tube M10.

19. The external regulation circuit according to claim 18, characterized in that: The external regulation circuit has a preparation mode. When in the preparation mode of the external regulation circuit, the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module; the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V.

20. The external regulation circuit according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that: The time during which the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time during which the pulse voltage VPP maintains a high level.

21. The external regulation circuit according to claim 20, characterized in that: When in the regulation mode of the external regulation circuit, the time for which the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level is greater than the time (N-1)*T of N-1 cycles of the pulse voltage VPP and less than the time N*T of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP, the time for the external regulation circuit to regulate the transfer module is the time N*T of N cycles of the pulse voltage VPP, where N≥1, thereby adjusting the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transfer module by adjusting the time for the third regulation voltage V23 to maintain a high level or the time T of 1 cycle of the pulse voltage VPP.

22. A control method for an external regulating circuit according to any one of claims 14 to 21, characterized in that: The steps include: Determining an operating mode of an external regulating circuit, wherein the operating mode of the external regulating circuit includes an adjusting mode, a preparing mode, and an erasing mode; The on / off connection state between the external regulation circuit and the transmission module, and the level states of the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are determined according to the working mode of the external regulation circuit.

23. The control method according to claim 22, characterized in that: Determining the on-off connection state of the external regulation circuit and the transmission module, and the level states of the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22, and the third regulation voltage V23 according to the working mode of the external regulation circuit, comprises the following steps: When the working mode is the erasing mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulating circuit is connected to the input terminal of the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module, the second voltage V12 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulating voltage V21, the second regulating voltage V22 and the third regulating voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the fifth voltage V15 is equal to the first regulating voltage V21, thereby erasing the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module; When the working mode is the regulation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is connected to the input terminal of the second voltage V12 of the transmission module, the fifth voltage V15 of the transmission module is set to 0V, the first regulation voltage V21, the second regulation voltage V22 and the third regulation voltage V23 are all high-level voltages, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the first regulation voltage V21 is equal to the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT, and is equal to the second voltage V12, so that by controlling the time that the third regulation voltage V23 maintains a high level, the time of one cycle of the pulse voltage VPP and the size of the first regulation voltage V21, the floating gate charge value of the first switch tube M1 in the transmission module is regulated, thereby achieving the adjustment of the transfer function of the transmission module; When the working mode is the preparation mode, the output terminal OUT of the external regulation circuit is disconnected from the transmission module, the first regulation voltage V21 and the second regulation voltage V22 are both high-level voltages, the third regulation voltage V23 is a low-level voltage, and when the pulse voltage VPP switches from a low level to a high level, the voltage VOUT of the output terminal OUT is equal to 0V.

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