Planting method for interplanting pearl plums

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting pearl plums. The method comprises the steps of land selection and preparation; planting: transplanting pearl plums: taking pearl plum seedlings in winter, digging planting holes, applying pearl plum base fertilizer to the bottoms of the planting holes, and transplanting the pearl plum seedlings to the planting holes; ginger seeds are sowed, ginger blocks containing robust buds are broken off, the sections are covered with plant ash, the ginger seeds are obtained, a ridge is formed between two pearl plum plants in the same row in spring, a plurality of planting furrows are formed in the ridge platform, ginger seed base fertilizer is applied in the planting furrows, and the ginger seeds are sowed in the planting furrows; oxalis corniculata is sown, wherein oxalis corniculata seeds are evenly sown in the soil outside the ridges in spring; management: water and fertilizer management, ginger harvesting, pearl plum shaping and pruning, and pest control. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the pearl plums are interplanted with the fresh ginger and the oxalis corniculata which are high in fine root turnover rate, and specific management is applied, so that the C / N ratio of soil is adjusted, soil nutrient imbalance is improved, soil microorganism growth is promoted, and high-fertility bacterial type soil is established.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, and in particular to a planting method for intercropping pearl plums. Background Art

[0002] Pearl plum is a new variety bred from local wild plums in Tian'e County. It has the advantages of late maturity and long storage life, good fruit uniformity, attractive fruit color, crisp and sweet flesh and excellent quality. It is known as the "Queen of Plums".

[0003] After recording and analyzing the planting methods and yields of pearl plums in Tian'e County, it was found that after planting pearl plums on a plot, as the trees age, the production capacity will decrease and diseases such as anthracnose, powdery mildew, and gummosis will occur or worsen. Farmers or existing technologies use frequent or more fertilizers and pesticides to maintain the normal growth and fruiting of pearl plums. For example, the existing technologies for studying pearl plums are as follows:

[0004] CN201510728210.7 discloses a method for cultivating Longtan Pearl Plum, which discloses soil and land preparation, planting, water and fertilizer management, shaping and pruning, and field management to cultivate Pearl Plum to improve the taste and yield of Longtan Pearl Plum. The planting method of the present invention requires fertilization more than 4 times a year, which requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and increases the burden on the soil.

[0005] CN201711045171.6 discloses a method for planting pearl plums, which discloses obtaining pearl plum seedlings through tissue culture, planting the pearl plum seedlings at a spacing of 2m-3m×2m-3m, applying organic water and fertilizer at a fertilizer rate of 800g / m2-1200g / m2 after planting, and then applying water and fertilizer to the planting plot once every 15d-20d, for a total of 9-12 times; applying insect repellent water to the pearl plum seedlings irregularly during the planting process, and maintaining the relative humidity of the soil at 30%-40%. The planting method of the present invention requires a large amount of fertilizer, the number of fertilizations is relatively frequent, the investment cost of manpower and material resources is large, and the burden on the soil in the plantation is increased.

[0006] However, after observing and testing the disease conditions, soil nutrition and soil physical and chemical properties of multiple pearl plum orchards, the inventors found that the main reason why the production capacity of pearl plums decreases and diseases such as anthracnose, powdery mildew and gummosis occur or worsen with the increase of tree age is that during the growth of pearl plums, they have a higher demand for certain nutrient ions and a lower demand for some nutrient ions, resulting in soil nutrient imbalance and reduced soil biodiversity, and the soil changes from high-fertilizer bacteria to low-fertilizer fungi. Growers or existing technologies use frequent fertilization and pesticide spraying to maintain normal growth and fruiting of pearl plums, but frequent fertilization and pesticide spraying will aggravate the problems of soil nutrient imbalance and reduced soil biodiversity, resulting in aggravation of diseases such as anthracnose, powdery mildew and gummosis and / or a decline in quality and / or a decrease in yield. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for intercropping pearl plums, aiming to solve the problems of soil nutrient imbalance and reduced soil biodiversity leading to aggravated diseases and / or reduced quality and / or reduced yield.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a method for planting pearl plum intercropping, the planting method comprising:

[0009] S1, site selection and land preparation;

[0010] S2, planting, the planting comprising:

[0011] S21, transplanting pearl plums: taking pearl plum seedlings in winter, digging planting holes, applying pearl plum base fertilizer at the bottom of the planting holes, and transplanting the pearl plum seedlings to the planting holes;

[0012] S22, sowing ginger seeds: breaking off ginger pieces with strong buds, covering the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds, and in spring, making a ridge between two pearl plum plants in the same row, opening a number of planting furrows on the ridge, applying ginger seed base fertilizer in the planting furrows, and sowing the ginger seeds in the planting furrows;

[0013] S23, sowing Oxalis: evenly sow Oxalis seeds on the soil outside the ridge in spring;

[0014] S3, Management: water and fertilizer management, ginger harvesting, pearl plum shaping and pruning, and disease and pest control.

[0015] Preferably, in the above technical scheme, the pearl plum base fertilizer consists of 6-10kg soil, 10-14kg organic fertilizer, 1-2kg compound fertilizer, 0.4-0.6kg lime and 1-2kg seaweed fertilizer, and the ginger seed base fertilizer consists of 4-5kg soil, 4-6kg organic fertilizer, 0.5-0.7kg wood ash and 1-1.5kg seaweed fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.1-0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.1-0.5kg CaSiO3, 0.1-0.5kg MgSiO3, 0.05-0.15kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.05-0.15kg H3BO3 and 0.1-0.5kg Zn(NO3)2.

[0017] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the raw materials of the organic fertilizer include rotten pearl plum fruits, tung meal, ginger seedlings, sheep manure and biological bacterial agent, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0018] Rotten pearl plum fruits and tung dregs are mixed, 0.5-2% biological bacterial agent by mass is added, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 1-2 months to obtain a compost. Cut or crushed ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed with the compost, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 4-6 months. The weight ratio of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure is 1-3:2-5:2-5:3-6.

[0019] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the biological bacterial agent is prepared by mixing Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus jelly.

[0020] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the site selection and land preparation is to select a garden with a slope of ≤15° and a low temperature of ≤7.2℃ for at least 6 days in winter as the pearl plum intercropping garden, and adjust the soil pH of the garden to 5.5-6.5 with wood ash and organic fertilizer.

[0021] A method for intercropping pearl plums, the method comprising:

[0022] S1, site selection and land preparation: after harvesting the pearl plums, weeds are cleaned and the soil is plowed within a radius of 0.5m from each pearl plum plant to a depth of 10-15cm;

[0023] S2, planting, the planting comprising:

[0024] S21, sowing ginger seeds: breaking off ginger pieces with strong buds, covering the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds, and in spring, making a ridge between two pearl plum plants in the same row, opening a number of planting furrows on the ridge, applying a base fertilizer mixed with furrow soil in the planting furrow, and sowing the ginger seeds in the planting furrow;

[0025] S22, sowing Oxalis: evenly sow Oxalis seeds on the soil outside the ridge in spring;

[0026] S3, Management: soil management, water and fertilizer management, autumn ginger harvest, pearl plum shaping and pruning, and pest and disease control.

[0027] The principle of the present invention that interplanting pearl plum, ginger and oxalis can improve the productivity of pearl plum is as follows: firstly, interplanting is adopted to absorb K and N fertilizers enriched in the soil to adjust the soil nutrient imbalance and soil biodiversity reduction caused by the high demand for certain nutrient ions and the low demand for other nutrient ions; meanwhile, interplanting ginger and oxalis increases the diversity of fallen leaves; the fine root turnover rate of ginger and oxalis is high, the soil C / N ratio is adjusted to promote bacterial growth; further, the root systems of ginger and oxalis secrete certain substances, a diverse soil environment is created, and the growth of various bacteria is promoted; secondly, oxalis reduces the rampant weeds in the orchard, avoids the occurrence and spread of diseases and insect pests promoted by weeds, and returns to the field in winter to provide sufficient nutrition for the growth, flowering and fruiting of pearl plum.

[0028] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the ginger seed base fertilizer consists of soil, organic fertilizer, wood ash and seaweed fertilizer.

[0029] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the raw materials of the organic fertilizer include rotten pearl plum fruits, tung meal, ginger seedlings, sheep manure and biological bacterial agent, and the preparation method is as follows:

[0030] Rotten pearl plum fruits and tung dregs are mixed, 0.5-2% biological bacterial agent by mass is added, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 1-2 months to obtain a compost. Cut or crushed ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed with the compost, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 4-6 months. The weight ratio of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure is 1-3:2-5:2-5:3-6.

[0031] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the compound fertilizer is composed of Ca3(PO4)2, CaSiO3, MgSiO3, Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, H3BO3 and Zn(NO3)2.

[0032] According to the above technical scheme, the inventor observed the demand for trace elements and zinc fertilizer during the growth of pearl plum, and applied a small amount of compound fertilizer on the basis of organic fertilizer and seaweed fertilizer to provide Ca, B, Zn, Mg and Na elements for the growth of pearl plum.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The principle of the present invention to prevent or solve the imbalance of soil nutrients and the reduction of soil biodiversity is as follows: firstly, the intercropping method is adopted, nitrogen and potassium are required for the growth and development of ginger, and nitrogen is fixed by Oxalis, so as to reduce the imbalance of soil nutrients caused by repeated cropping of pearl plums, and at the same time, the fine root turnover rate of ginger and Oxalis is high, so the C / N ratio of the soil is adjusted, and the growth of soil microorganisms is promoted; secondly, rotten plum fruits, ginger seedlings, and tung meal are degraded into sugars, ketones, amino acids, and organic acids, which provide sufficient nutrients for the growth of bacteria, and the anthrax fungi are inhibited by combining with Trichoderma harzianum and ketone substances, so as to prevent the anthrax fungi from inhibiting the growth of Bacillus gelatinus and other soil bacteria, and at the same time, the bacterial agent and the organic fertilizer jointly adjust the soil C / N ratio, so as to create a soil environment suitable for bacterial growth, promote bacterial growth, and establish high-fertility bacterial soil. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below in conjunction with specific implementation methods, but the scope of protection required is not limited to the description.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A method for intercropping pearl plums, the method is specifically based on the following:

[0038] S1, site selection, land preparation and preparation of organic fertilizer

[0039] Site selection: In Tian'e County, a site with a slope of 15° and a low temperature of ≤7.2℃ for 6-18 days in winter was selected as the interplanting site for pearl plum;

[0040] Land preparation: reclaiming the garden and building terraces, each terrace is 2.5m wide, the pH meter detects the garden soil pH to be 5.23, in order to adjust the garden soil pH to 5.5-6.5, plant ash is spread, and after mixing for 48 hours, the garden soil pH is detected again by the pH meter and is 5.62;

[0041] The organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, and adding 2% of the biological bacteria, that is, the mass of the biological bacteria added is 2% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows:

[0042] When pearl plum is mature, weigh 20kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 40kg of tung meal and 3.2kg of biological bacteria agent, mix them, cover with film and ferment for 2 months to obtain compost. When harvesting ginger, cut 40kg of ginger vines into small sections, mix with 60kg of sheep manure and compost, cover with film and ferment for 4 months. Among them, the biological bacteria agent is prepared by dissolving 1.1kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 1.1kg of Bacillus agglomerans in water.

[0043] S2, planting, the planting comprising:

[0044] S21, transplanting pearl plum: take pearl plum seedlings with a height of 0.8-1.3m, dig planting holes at a spacing of 2.5m, the length, width and depth of the planting holes are all 0.8m, apply basal fertilizer at the bottom of the planting holes, place the pearl plum seedlings in the planting holes, backfill the planting holes with soil, the filling soil is 20cm above the ground to form a steamed bun shape, tamp it down with feet, and water the roots thoroughly to promote the growth and development of the pearl plum seedlings; wherein the pearl plum basal fertilizer is composed of 6kg soil, 10kg organic fertilizer, 1kg compound fertilizer, 0.4kg lime and 2kg seaweed fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.2kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.3kg CaSiO3, 0.3kg MgSiO3, 0.05kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.05kg H3BO3 and 0.1kg Zn(NO3)2.

[0045] S22, sowing ginger seeds: placing the ginger seeds in a warm place to germinate, breaking off the ginger pieces with strong buds, and dipping the cross-section into plant ash to obtain ginger seeds;

[0046] In spring, a ridge is built at a distance of 0.6m between two pearl plum plants in the same row, the ridge height is 15cm, the ridge platform is 0.8m×1.3m, three planting furrows are opened on the ridge platform, ginger seed base fertilizer is applied in the planting furrow and then the ginger seeds are sown, and the soil is covered with straw or film for insulation to prevent late spring cold, wherein the ginger seed base fertilizer is composed of 4kg soil, 4kg organic fertilizer, 0.5kg plant ash and 1kg seaweed fertilizer;

[0047] S23, sowing Oxalis: In spring, mix Oxalis seeds and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and spread evenly outside the ridges.

[0048] S3, Management

[0049] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring, dig a fertilizer ditch with a depth of 35cm, a width of 10cm and a length of 60cm at 0.3m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 10kg of organic fertilizer, 0.05kg of compound fertilizer and 4kg of seaweed fertilizer per plant, and keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%. The compound fertilizer consists of 0.1kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.1kg CaSiO3, 0.1kg MgSiO3, 0.05kgNa2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.05kg H3BO3 and 0.1kg Zn(NO3)2;

[0050] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0051] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0052] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A method for planting pearl plums in the same garden as in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0055] S1, site selection, land preparation and preparation of organic fertilizer

[0056] Site selection: In Tian'e County, a site with a slope of 15° and a low temperature of ≤7.2℃ for 6-18 days in winter was selected as the interplanting site for pearl plum;

[0057] Land preparation: reclaim the garden and build terraces, each terrace is 2.5m wide, the pH of the garden soil is 5.23 when the pH meter is used, the pH of the garden soil is adjusted to 5.5-6.5 and plant ash is sprinkled, and after mixing for 48 hours, the pH of the garden soil is measured again with a pH meter and the pH is 5.62;

[0058] The organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 3:4:4:5, and adding 0.5% of the biological bacteria dosage, that is, the mass of the added biological bacteria agent is 0.5% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows:

[0059] When pearl plum is mature, weigh 30kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 40kg of tung meal and 0.8kg of biological bacteria agent, mix them, cover with film and ferment for 2 months to obtain compost. When harvesting ginger, cut 40kg of ginger vines into small sections, mix with 50kg of sheep manure and compost, cover with film and ferment for 6 months. Among them, the biological bacteria agent is prepared by dissolving 0.4kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.4kg of Bacillus agglomerans in water.

[0060] S2, planting, the planting comprising:

[0061] S21, transplanting pearl plum: take pearl plum seedlings with a height of 0.8-1.3m, dig planting holes at a spacing of 3m, the length, width and depth of the planting holes are all 0.8m, apply basal fertilizer at the bottom of the planting holes, place the pearl plum seedlings in the planting holes, backfill the planting holes with soil, and fill the soil 20cm above the ground to form a steamed bun shape, tamp it down with feet, and water the roots thoroughly to promote the growth and development of the pearl plum seedlings; wherein the pearl plum basal fertilizer is composed of 10kg soil, 14kg organic fertilizer, 2kg compound fertilizer, 0.6kg lime and 1kg seaweed fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.5kg CaSiO3, 0.5kg MgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kg Zn(NO3)2.

[0062] S22, sowing ginger seeds: placing the ginger seeds in a warm place to germinate, breaking off the ginger pieces with strong buds, and dipping the cross-section into plant ash to obtain ginger seeds;

[0063] In spring, a ridge is built at a distance of 0.65m between two pearl plum plants in the same row, the ridge height is 15cm, the ridge platform is 0.8m×1.7m, three planting furrows are opened on the ridge platform, ginger seed base fertilizer is applied in the planting furrow and then the ginger seeds are sown, and the soil is covered with straw or film for insulation to prevent late spring cold, wherein the ginger seed base fertilizer is composed of 5kg soil, 6kg organic fertilizer, 0.7kg plant ash and 1.5kg seaweed fertilizer;

[0064] S23, sowing Oxalis: In spring, mix Oxalis seeds and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and spread evenly outside the ridges.

[0065] S3, Management

[0066] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 80cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer, 0.5kg compound fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, and keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%. The compound fertilizer consists of 0.1kgCa3(PO4)2, 0.1kg CaSiO3, 0.1kg MgSiO3, 0.05kgNa2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.05kg H3BO3 and 0.1kgZn(NO3)2;

[0067] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0068] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0069] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] A method for intercropping pearl plums, the method comprising intercropping ginger in a pearl plum garden that has been built for many years in Tian'e County, the method comprising:

[0072] S1, site selection and land preparation

[0073] After harvesting the pearl plums in the garden, weeds are cleared and the soil within a radius of 0.5m around each pearl plum plant is plowed to a depth of 10-15cm.

[0074] The organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 2:4:5:6, and adding 1% of the biological bacteria dosage, that is, the mass of the added biological bacteria agent is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows:

[0075] When pearl plum is mature, weigh 20kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 40kg of tung meal and 1.7kg of biological bacteria agent, mix them, cover with film and compost for 3 months to obtain compost. When harvesting ginger, cut 50kg of ginger vines into small sections, mix with 60kg of sheep manure and compost, cover with film and compost for 6 months. Among them, the biological bacteria agent is prepared by dissolving 0.85kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.85kg of Bacillus subtilis in water.

[0076] S2, Planting

[0077] S21, sowing ginger seeds: placing the ginger seeds in a cool place to germinate, breaking off the ginger pieces with strong buds, and applying or dipping the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds;

[0078] In spring, a ridge is built at a distance of 0.6m between two pearl plum plants in the same row, the ridge height is 15cm, the ridge platform is 0.8m×1.1m, three planting furrows are opened on the ridge platform, ginger seed base fertilizer is applied in the planting furrow and then the ginger seeds are sown, and the soil is covered with straw or film for insulation to prevent late spring cold, wherein the ginger seed base fertilizer is composed of 4kg soil, 4kg organic fertilizer, 0.5kg plant ash and 1kg seaweed fertilizer;

[0079] S22, sowing Oxalis: In spring, mix Oxalis seeds and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and spread evenly outside the ridges.

[0080] S3, Management

[0081] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer, 1.5kg compound fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.3kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.3kgCaSiO3, 0.4kgMgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kgZn(NO3)2, keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0082] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0083] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0084] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] A method for intercropping pearl plums, the method comprising intercropping ginger in a pearl plum garden that has been built for 4 years in Tian'e County, and the method steps are as follows:

[0087] S1, site selection and land preparation

[0088] After harvesting the pearl plums in the garden, weeds are cleared and the soil within a radius of 0.5m around each pearl plum plant is plowed to a depth of 10-15cm.

[0089] The organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 2:5:4:4, and adding 1% of the biological bacteria dosage, that is, the mass of the biological bacteria added is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows:

[0090] When pearl plum is mature, weigh 20kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 50kg of tung meal and 1.8kg of biological bacteria agent, mix them, cover with film and compost for 3 months to obtain compost. When harvesting ginger, cut 40kg of ginger vines into small sections, mix with 40kg of sheep manure and compost, cover with film and compost for 6 months. Among them, the biological bacteria agent is prepared by dissolving 0.8kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.8kg of Bacillus agglomerans in water.

[0091] S2, Planting

[0092] S21, sowing ginger seeds: placing the ginger seeds in a cool place to germinate, breaking off the ginger pieces with strong buds, and applying or dipping the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds;

[0093] In spring, a ridge is built at a distance of 0.6m between two pearl plum plants in the same row, the ridge height is 15cm, the ridge platform is 0.8m×1.1m, three planting furrows are opened on the ridge platform, ginger seed base fertilizer is applied in the planting furrow and then the ginger seeds are sown, and the soil is covered with straw or film for insulation to prevent late spring cold, wherein the ginger seed base fertilizer is composed of 4kg soil, 4kg organic fertilizer, 0.5kg plant ash and 1kg seaweed fertilizer;

[0094] S22, sowing Oxalis: In spring, mix Oxalis seeds and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and spread evenly outside the ridges.

[0095] S3, Management

[0096] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 35cm deep, 10cm wide and 80cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, and apply 8kg of organic fertilizer, 1kg of compound fertilizer and 5kg of seaweed fertilizer per plant. The compound fertilizer is composed of 0.3kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.2kgCaSiO3, 0.3kgMgSiO3, 0.05kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.05kg H3BO3 and 0.1kg Zn(NO3)2, and the soil moisture content is maintained at 50-60%;

[0097] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0098] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0099] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0100] Comparative Example 1

[0101] The methods for preparing organic fertilizer 1, organic fertilizer 2, organic fertilizer 3, organic fertilizer 4, organic fertilizer 5 and organic fertilizer 6 are respectively as follows:

[0102] Organic fertilizer 1: rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows: 20 kg rotten pearl plum fruit and 40 kg tung dregs are weighed and mixed, covered with a film and fermented for 2 months to obtain a compost, 40 kg ginger seedlings are cut into small pieces and mixed with 60 kg sheep manure and the compost, and then covered with a film and fermented for 4 months.

[0103] Organic fertilizer 2: rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, and 1% of jelly-like bacillus is added, that is, the mass of the jelly-like bacillus agent added is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows: 20 kg of rotten pearl plum fruit, 40 kg of tung dregs and 1.6 kg of jelly-like bacillus agent are weighed and mixed, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 2 months to obtain a compost, and 40 kg of ginger vines are cut into small pieces, mixed with 60 kg of sheep manure and the compost, and then covered with a film and fermented for 4 months.

[0104] Organic fertilizer 3: rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:2:3, and 1% of the dosage of Trichoderma harzianum is added, that is, the mass of the added Trichoderma harzianum agent is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows: 20 kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 40 kg of tung dregs and 1.6 kg of Trichoderma harzianum agent are weighed and mixed, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 2 months to obtain a compost, 40 kg of ginger vines are cut into small pieces, mixed with 60 kg of sheep manure and the compost, and then covered with a film and fermented for 4 months.

[0105] Organic fertilizer 4: rotten pearl plum fruits, ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:3, and a biological bacterial dosage of 1% is added, that is, the mass of the biological bacterial agent added is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, ginger vines and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows: 20 kg of rotten pearl plum fruits and 1.2 kg of biological bacterial agent are weighed and mixed, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 2 months to obtain a compost, 40 kg of ginger vines are cut into small pieces, mixed with 60 kg of sheep manure and the compost, and then covered with a film and fermented for 4 months, and the biological bacterial agent is prepared by dissolving 0.6 kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.6 kg of Bacillus jelly in water.

[0106] Organic fertilizer 5: rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs and sheep manure are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:2:3, and 1% of jelly-like bacillus is added, that is, the mass of the jelly-like bacillus agent added is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs and sheep manure. The preparation steps of the organic fertilizer are as follows: 20kg of rotten pearl plum fruit, 40kg of tung dregs, 60kg of sheep manure and 1.2kg of biological bacterial agent are weighed and mixed, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 6 months, and the biological bacterial agent is prepared by dissolving 0.6kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.6kg of jelly-like bacillus in water.

[0107] Organic fertilizer 6: 1% of biological bacteria dosage is added to sheep manure, that is, the mass of biological bacteria added is 1% of the mass of sheep manure. 60kg of sheep manure and 0.6kg of biological bacteria are mixed, covered with film and composted for 6 months. The biological bacteria is prepared by dissolving 0.3kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.3kg of Bacillus jelly in water.

[0108] Samples of organic fertilizers prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, and Example 4 and organic fertilizers 1-6 were collected, and the contents of organic carbon C, total nitrogen N, total phosphorus P, total potassium K and crude organic matter in the organic fertilizers were determined by the following method: the organic carbon was determined by potassium dichromate bulk density method, the total nitrogen N was determined by Kjeldahl nitrogen determination method, the total potassium was determined by NY / T 299-1995 total potassium for organic fertilizers, the total phosphorus was determined by NYT 298-1995 total phosphorus for organic fertilizers, and the crude organic matter was determined by incineration method.

[0109] Table 1 Nutrient composition of organic fertilizers prepared in Examples 1-4 and organic fertilizers 1-6

[0110] Detection object Moisture% C％ N％ Crude organic matter% P％ K％ Example 1 23.5 24.1 2.1 29.3 0.8 2.7 Example 2 25.1 23.2 2.3 30.6 0.7 2.5 Example 3 23.9 23.6 2.1 31.7 0.8 2.6 Example 4 23.0 24.9 2.3 32.3 0.8 2.9 Organic fertilizer 1 24.6 21.1 0.9 53.5 0.3 1.2 Organic Fertilizer 2 23.7 21.9 1.3 44.6 0.4 1.4 Organic fertilizer 3 22.6 21.6 1.1 36.3 0.4 1.7 Organic fertilizer 4 22.1 18.7 1.6 24.5 0.6 2.1 Organic fertilizer 5 22.8 20.1 1.8 27.6 0.5 2.3 Organic fertilizer 6 22.7 15.3 0.7 30.4 0.2 0.5

[0111] As can be seen from Table 1, adding tung dregs and ginger vines to the raw materials of organic fertilizers 4 and 5 can increase the organic carbon content, total nitrogen content, crude organic matter content and K content. The principle may be that the tung shells and tung kernels in the tung dregs are degraded to form amino acids, organic acids, sugars and ketones during the composting process, and the ginger vines contain more cellulose, organic matter, and protein, which are degraded into sugars, amino acids and ketones, so that C, N and K in the organic fertilizer are increased. However, since some tung dregs and ginger vines are difficult to degrade, the crude organic matter content will also increase accordingly. In organic fertilizer 2, Bacillus gelatinosa was not used, and the potassium and phosphorus content of the nutrients was significantly reduced, because the metabolites secreted by Bacillus gelatinosa specifically release soluble phosphorus and potassium.

[0112] Comparative Example 2

[0113] The method of Example 3 is performed in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard to provide a method for planting pearl plums. The planting method is as follows:

[0114] S1, site selection, land preparation and preparation of organic fertilizer

[0115] After harvesting the pearl plums in the garden, weeds are cleared and the soil within a radius of 0.5m around each pearl plum plant is plowed to a depth of 10-15cm.

[0116] S2, Management

[0117] S21, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer per plant, 2kg compound fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.5kgCaSiO3, 0.5kg MgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kg Zn(NO3)2, keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0118] S22, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0119] S23, pest and disease control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect-attracting lamps to kill fruit flies and moths; use hanging yellow boards + sex attractants to lure and kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease.

[0120] Comparative Example 3

[0121] The method of Example 3 is performed in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard, and a method for intercropping pearl plums is provided, wherein ginger is intercropped in an established pearl plum orchard, and the method comprises:

[0122] S1, site selection and land preparation

[0123] After harvesting the pearl plums in the garden, weeds are cleared and the soil within a radius of 0.5m around each pearl plum plant is plowed to a depth of 10-15cm.

[0124] S2, Planting

[0125] S21, sowing soybeans: Sowing soybeans in spring and soaking them for 3-6 days;

[0126] In spring, three ridges are built between two pearl plum plants in the same row, and a planting furrow is opened on the ridge platform to apply soybean base fertilizer mixed with furrow soil. The ridge height is 10-12 cm, the ridge platform is 0.1 m×1.1 m, and the soybean base fertilizer is composed of 4 kg soil, 4 kg sheep manure, 0.5 kg wood ash and 1 kg seaweed fertilizer.

[0127] S3, Management

[0128] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg sheep manure, 2kg compound fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.5kg CaSiO3, 0.5kg MgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kg Zn(NO3)2, keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0129] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0130] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0131] S34, soybean harvest: Soybeans are harvested once a year in September.

[0132] Comparative Example 4

[0133] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 3, the difference being that different interplanted plants were used.

[0134] S1, site selection and land preparation

[0135] After harvesting the pearl plums in the garden, weeds are cleared and the soil within a radius of 0.5m around each pearl plum plant is plowed to a depth of 10-15cm.

[0136] The organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure in a weight ratio of 2:4:5:6, and adding 1% of the biological bacteria dosage, that is, the mass of the added biological bacteria agent is 1% of the total mass of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger seedlings and sheep manure. The steps of preparing the organic fertilizer are as follows:

[0137] When pearl plum is mature, weigh 20kg of rotten pearl plum fruits, 40kg of tung meal and 1.7kg of biological bacteria agent, mix them, cover with film and compost for 3 months to obtain compost. When harvesting ginger, cut 50kg of ginger vines into small sections, mix with 60kg of sheep manure and compost, cover with film and compost for 6 months. Among them, the biological bacteria agent is prepared by dissolving 0.85kg of Trichoderma harzianum and 0.85kg of Bacillus subtilis in water.

[0138] S2, Planting

[0139] S21, sowing soybeans: Sowing soybeans in spring and soaking them for 3-6 days;

[0140] In spring, three ridges are built between two pearl plum plants in the same row, and a planting furrow is opened on the ridge platform to apply soybean base fertilizer mixed with furrow soil, wherein the ridge height is 10-12cm, the ridge platform is 0.1m×1.1m, and the soybean base fertilizer is composed of 4kg soil, 4kg sheep manure, 0.5kg plant ash and 1kg seaweed fertilizer;

[0141] S22, sowing Oxalis: In spring, mix Oxalis seeds and soil in a mass ratio of 1:1 and spread evenly in the working area.

[0142] S3, Management

[0143] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer, 2kg compound fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.5kgCaSiO3, 0.5kgMgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kgZn(NO3)2, keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0144] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0145] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0146] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0147] Comparative Example 5

[0148] The method of Example 4 is performed in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard, the difference being that the management is different.

[0149] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg of organic fertilizer 1 and 1.5kg of compound fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.5kg CaSiO3 and 0.5kg MgSiO3, and keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0150] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0151] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0152] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0153] Comparative Example 6

[0154] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 4, the difference being that the organic fertilizer applied was organic fertilizer 2.

[0155] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer and 1.5kg compound fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.5kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.2kg CaSiO3, 0.5kg MgSiO3 and 0.3kg Zn(NO3)2, and keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0156] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0157] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0158] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0159] Comparative Example 7

[0160] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 4, the difference being that the organic fertilizer applied was organic fertilizer 3.

[0161] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer and 1.5kg compound fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.6kg CaSiO3, 0.6kg MgSiO3, 0.15kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O and 0.15kg H3BO3, keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0162] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0163] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0164] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0165] Comparative Example 8

[0166] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 4, the difference being that the organic fertilizer applied was Organic Fertilizer 4.

[0167] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer and 1.5kg compound fertilizer per plant, the compound fertilizer is composed of 0.3kg Ca3(PO4)2, 0.2kg CaSiO3, 0.5kg MgSiO3, 0.1kg Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, 0.1kg H3BO3 and 0.3kg Zn(NO3)2, and keep the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0168] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0169] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, apply 10%-15% sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution to the wound, and wrap it with a film until the wound heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0170] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0171] Comparative Example 9

[0172] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 4, except that the organic fertilizer applied was organic fertilizer 5.

[0173] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, and maintain the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0174] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0175] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, and use film to bind the wound until it heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0176] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0177] Comparative Example 10

[0178] The operation was carried out in different blocks of the same pearl plum orchard as in Example 4, the difference being that the organic fertilizer applied was organic fertilizer 6.

[0179] S31, water and fertilizer application: in spring and autumn, dig a fertilizer ditch 30cm deep, 15cm wide and 60cm long at 0.5m on both sides of the pearl plum, apply 8kg organic fertilizer and 5kg seaweed fertilizer per plant, and maintain the soil moisture content at 50-60%;

[0180] S32, shaping and pruning: In spring and summer, use pruning techniques such as thinning, pinching, and twisting to thin out dense branches, upright branches, back branches, long branches, and thin and weak branches to maintain complementary space between branches, ventilation and light transmission. The new shoots of the remaining upright branches are twisted when they are 25-30cm long to control their vigorous growth;

[0181] S33, pest control: Use tree-hanging vibration-frequency insect traps to kill fruit flies and moths; use yellow boards + sex attractants to kill aphids; use a knife to scrape off the gum and diseased tissue, and use film to bind the wound until it heals, then remove the film to treat gum disease;

[0182] S34, land preparation: harvest ginger before November every year, harvest ginger roots while reducing ridges and increasing land, plow the garden soil before January, the plowing depth is 5-7cm, so that Oxalis can return to the field and avoid soil compaction.

[0183] The soil nutrient conditions were tested before and one year after the intercropping method mentioned above. The potassium dichromate oxidation method was used to determine the soil organic carbon SOC content, the semi-micro Kjeldahl method was used to determine the total nitrogen TN content, the digestion method + flame photometry was used to determine the total potassium K, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio was calculated using the formula: C / N=SOC÷TN.

[0184] Table 2 Soil conditions before and after treatment in the working area of ​​Examples 1-4

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] As can be seen from Table 2, the values ​​of K, total nitrogen (TN), organic carbon (SOC) and C / N in the 10-15cm soil before and after planting in Example 1 and Example 2 are similar, while the soil K and TN of Example 3 and Example 4 after planting pearl plum for many years are higher, but SOC is reduced, indicating that the single planting of pearl plum and the orchard are overly dependent on chemical fertilizers to increase production, while the demand for potassium and nitrogen of pearl plum is small or excessive N and K fertilizers are applied, resulting in a single input of crop residues and an imbalance of soil nutrients, resulting in a decrease in the soil C / N ratio and a decrease in soil nutrients. Example 3 and Example 4 interplanted pearl plum with ginger and Oxalis, using ginger and Oxalis to absorb and fix K and N in the soil during growth, as well as increasing the input of crop residues and regulating soil nutrient imbalance.

[0188] Table 3 Soil conditions before and after treatment in the working area of ​​comparative examples 2-4

[0189]

[0190] As can be seen from Table 3, in Comparative Example 2, no intercropping treatment was performed. After intercropping, the potassium content and total nitrogen content in the soil increased significantly, indicating that the pearl plum absorbed less K and N during the regrowth process. Long-term planting of pearl plum alone and the application of K and N fertilizers will lead to an imbalance of soil nutrients and a reduction in C / N in the orchard.

[0191] Table 4 Soil conditions before and after treatment in the working area of ​​comparative examples 5-10

[0192]

[0193]

[0194] It can be seen from Table 4 that in the case of intercropping ginger and Oxalis, the nutrients contained in the organic fertilizer and the type of compound fertilizer, as well as the application of seaweed fertilizer have an effect on the K, TN and SOC contents of the soil. The principle may be that the compound fertilizer affects the growth rate of pearl plum, thereby affecting the absorption of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer, and affecting the soil organic carbon and total nitrogen content. The C / N ratio of 5, 6, 7, and 10 after intercropping is higher than that of Example 4. The possible reason is that the nitrogen in the soil is absorbed far more than the supply, resulting in less total nitrogen content detected in the soil, resulting in a high C / N ratio.

[0195] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in various different ways and is not limited to the above embodiments. A person skilled in the art can understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific ways without changing the technical concept or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping pearl plums, characterized in that: The planting method comprises: S1, site selection and land preparation; S2, planting, the planting comprising: S21, transplanting pearl plums: taking pearl plum seedlings in winter, digging planting holes, applying pearl plum base fertilizer at the bottom of the planting holes, and transplanting the pearl plum seedlings to the planting holes; S22, sowing ginger seeds: breaking off ginger pieces with strong buds, covering the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds, and in spring, making a ridge between two pearl plum plants in the same row, opening a number of planting furrows on the ridge, applying ginger seed base fertilizer in the planting furrows, and sowing the ginger seeds in the planting furrows; S23, sowing Oxalis: evenly sow Oxalis seeds on the soil outside the ridge in spring; S3, Management: water and fertilizer management, ginger harvesting, pearl plum shaping and pruning, and disease and pest control.

2. The method for intercropping pearl plum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pearl plum base fertilizer consists of soil, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, lime and seaweed fertilizer, and the ginger seed base fertilizer consists of soil, organic fertilizer, plant ash and seaweed fertilizer.

3. The method for intercropping pearl plum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The compound fertilizer consists of Ca3(PO4)2, CaSiO3, MgSiO3, Na2[B4O5(OH)4]·8H2O, H3BO3 and Zn(NO3)2.

4. The method for intercropping pearl plum according to claim 2, characterized in that: The raw materials of the organic fertilizer include rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs, ginger seedlings, sheep manure and biological bacterial agent, and the preparation method is as follows: Rotten pearl plum fruits and tung dregs are mixed, 0.5-2% biological bacterial agent by mass is added, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 1-2 months to obtain a compost. Cut or crushed ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed with the compost, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 4-6 months. The weight ratio of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure is 1-3:2-5:2-5:3-6.

5. The intercropping planting method of pearl plum according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The biological bacterial agent is prepared by mixing Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus jelly.

6. The intercropping method of pearl plum according to claim 1, characterized in that: The site selection and land preparation is to select a garden with a slope of ≤15° and a low temperature of ≤7.2°C for at least 6 days in winter as the pearl plum interplanting garden, and adjust the soil pH of the garden to 5.5-6.5 with wood ash and organic fertilizer.

7. A method for intercropping pearl plums, characterized in that: The planting method comprises: S1, site selection and land preparation: after harvesting the pearl plums, weeds are cleaned and the soil is plowed within a radius of 0.5m from each pearl plum plant to a depth of 10-15cm; S2, planting, the planting comprising: S21, sowing ginger seeds: breaking off ginger pieces with strong buds, covering the cross-section with plant ash to obtain ginger seeds, and in spring, making a ridge between two pearl plum plants in the same row, opening a number of planting furrows on the ridge, applying ginger seed base fertilizer mixed with furrow soil in the planting furrows, and sowing the ginger seeds in the planting furrows; S22, sowing Oxalis: evenly sow Oxalis seeds on the soil outside the ridge in spring; S3, Management: soil management, water and fertilizer management, autumn ginger harvest, pearl plum shaping and pruning, and pest and disease control.

8. The method for intercropping pearl plum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ginger seed base fertilizer consists of soil, organic fertilizer, plant ash and seaweed fertilizer.

9. The intercropping planting method of pearl plum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The raw materials of the organic fertilizer include rotten pearl plum fruit, tung dregs, ginger seedlings, sheep manure and biological bacterial agent, and the preparation method is as follows: Rotten pearl plum fruits and tung dregs are mixed, 0.5-2% biological bacterial agent by mass is added, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 1-2 months to obtain a compost. Cut or crushed ginger vines and sheep manure are mixed with the compost, and the mixture is covered with a film and fermented for 4-6 months. The weight ratio of the rotten pearl plum fruits, tung dregs, ginger vines and sheep manure is 1-3:2-5:2-5:3-6.

10. The intercropping planting method of pearl plum according to claim 7, characterized in that: The biological bacterial agent is prepared by mixing Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus jelly.

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