Profiling anode tool for electronickelling and welding manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a profiling anode tool for electronickelling and a welding manufacturing method of the profiling anode tool, and belongs to the technical field of aerospace. The profiling anode tool for nickel plating is manufactured through the welding technology, in order to avoid the influence of the tool on a nickel plating layer of a product in the electroplating process, a tool body structure is made of a pure nickel plate, and meanwhile the portion, connected with an electroplating anode, of the tool body structure is made of a pure copper plate so that good conductivity can be guaranteed; therefore, the profiling anode tool relates to welding of homogeneous and heterogeneous materials of the nickel plate and the copper plate. At present, the structure mainly adopts an argon tungsten-arc welding process, copper and nickel can form a low-melting-point eutectic phase with impurity elements during welding, pores and cracks are easily generated, a weld joint is easily invalid under the action of large restraint stress, and the surface of the weld joint is easily oxidized. In order to reduce the problems, the welding process is controlled through surface and groove treatment, reasonable selection of welding wires, welding parameters, gas protection and the like, and the reliability of the welding quality is guaranteed. The method has the characteristics of high practicability and wide application range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating and a welding manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aerospace. Background Art

[0002] As an important component of functional products in the field of aerospace manufacturing, brazing structures usually require surface electroplating pretreatment to achieve the purpose of brazing the intermediate layer or improving surface wettability. Contour anode tooling is mainly used for surface electroplating of parts and products. It is suitable for various types of surface structures of products. By connecting with the electroplating anode, it plays the role of taking into account both the electroplating anode and the surface support. At present, the contour anode tooling used for electroplating nickel involves homogeneous and heterogeneous material structures such as nickel and copper. The complexity of the structure and materials increases the difficulty of product quality control. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, to provide a profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating and a welding manufacturing method thereof, to solve the welding manufacturing problem of the profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating, to control the welding process by surface and groove treatment, reasonable selection of welding wire, welding parameters, gas protection, etc., to ensure the welding quality.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating, comprising:

[0005] There are four brackets, arranged in pairs facing each other, and each bracket is tilted outward at a certain angle, and the tilt angle is adjusted according to the surface of the product to be electroplated;

[0006] The bridging plate is provided between the bottoms of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets;

[0007] A U-shaped plate is provided between the tops of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets;

[0008] The rib plate is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate and is used to fix the U-shaped plate and connect the conductive copper plate;

[0009] The conductive copper plate is installed on the rib plate and is used to connect with the external conductive circuit to achieve smooth conductive function;

[0010] The reinforcing cover plate is installed on the surface of the rib plate and the conductive copper plate to strengthen the structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the material of the bracket, the strap, the U-shaped plate, the rib plate and the reinforcing cover plate is nickel plate.

[0012] According to the welding manufacturing method for a contoured anode tooling for nickel electroplating, the method comprises:

[0013] After cleaning the surfaces of the nickel plates and the conductive copper plates, grind the grooves of the parts to be welded. After completion, place the lap plate on the operating table and fix it with a clamp.

[0014] Assemble the bracket, strap, U-shaped plate, rib plate and conductive copper plate, and perform positioning welding; grinding is allowed at the assembly welding parts, and the two ends of the conductive copper plate are flush, and the relative positions of each structure are guaranteed according to the markings;

[0015] After the tooling structure is finalized, the nickel plate frame welds at the assembly locations between the bracket, the slat, the U-shaped plate, and the rib plate, the welds between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate, and the welds between the nickel plate and the conductive copper plate, including the butt welds of the nickel and copper materials, are welded on both sides in sequence;

[0016] After the welding of the main body of the tooling is completed, the excess height of the weld between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate is polished and cleaned, and then the reinforcing cover plate is assembled, the surface is cleaned and the groove of the corner weld of the reinforcing cover plate is polished, and positioning welding is performed, and the assembly position is marked to ensure;

[0017] Weld the reinforcing cover plate, rib plate and conductive copper plate lap welds to complete the welding and manufacturing of the tooling.

[0018] Furthermore, the groove grinding of the part to be welded includes:

[0019] The corresponding welding parts of the lap plate, U-shaped plate and rib plate have single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the single-side groove angle is required to be 20°~30°;

[0020] The butt weld between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate has a double-sided V-shaped groove. The single-sided groove angle is required to be 20°~30° on the nickel plate side and 45°~60° on the copper plate side, and the blunt edge is 0mm~0.5mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the assembly welding part allows grinding, and the assembly gap after grinding is 0mm~0.5mm, the diameter of the tungsten electrode used for manual argon positioning welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, the welding wire is pure nickel welding wire, and the positioning welding current is 120A±10A.

[0022] Furthermore, the method for welding the nickel plate frame at the assembly locations between the bracket, the strap, the U-shaped plate and the rib plate is to use argon arc welding.

[0023] Furthermore, the diameter of the tungsten electrode used in the argon arc welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, pure nickel welding wire is used, the welding wire diameter is Φ3mm~Φ4mm, the welding current is 180A±10A, and single-pass forming is performed, wherein the rib plate and the conductive copper plate are welded on one side and then back-side welding is performed, and argon gas protection is used during the welding process, and the gas flow rate is 15L / min~20L / min.

[0024] Furthermore, during the argon arc welding of the nickel plate, the angle between the welding gun and the welding wire and the substrate is 30°~40°, during the argon arc welding of the nickel and copper material butt weld, the angle between the welding gun and the substrate is 80°±5°, the angle between the welding wire and the substrate is 15°±5°, the arc height is controlled at 0.5mm~1mm during the welding process, and the distance between the welding wire and the molten pool is controlled at 0mm~1mm.

[0025] Furthermore, the grinding and reinforcement of the cover plate corner weld groove includes: the corner joint structure grinding requires a single-sided V-shaped groove, the groove on one side of the nickel plate reinforcement rib is 10°~20°, and the blunt edge is 0mm~0.5mm, ensuring that the end faces of the overlapping structure are in close contact, the tungsten electrode diameter used for manual argon positioning welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, the welding wire is pure nickel welding wire, and the positioning welding current is 140A±10A.

[0026] Furthermore, the method for welding the lap welds of the reinforcing cover plate, the rib plate and the conductive copper plate is argon arc welding; the diameter of the tungsten electrode used for argon arc welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, and pure nickel welding wire is used, the welding wire diameter is Φ3mm~Φ4mm, the welding current is 200A±10A, the welding gun and the welding wire are biased towards the reinforcing rib nickel plate, the angle is 30°~40°, the arc height is controlled to be 0.5mm~1mm during the welding process, the distance between the welding wire and the molten pool is controlled to be 0mm~1mm, argon protection is used, and the gas flow rate is 15L / min~20L / min.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are:

[0028] (1) The present invention ensures the assembly requirements of argon arc welding by controlling the end bevel, assembly gap, etc. of each welding material and structure;

[0029] (2) The present invention reduces the risk of cracking and deformation of nickel and copper structures during welding by reasonably selecting welding wire, welding current, gas protection, arc control, etc., ensures high-quality welding of contoured anode tooling, and can provide reference for the welding and manufacturing of electroplating tooling with similar structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the contoured anode tooling for nickel electroplating in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better understand the above technical scheme, the technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than limitations on the technical scheme of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] The following is a further detailed description of a profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating and a welding manufacturing method thereof provided by an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification. The specific implementation method may include:

[0034] First, as Figure 1 , a profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating, comprising:

[0035] There are four brackets, arranged in pairs facing each other, and each bracket is tilted outward at a certain angle, and the tilt angle is adjusted according to the surface of the product to be electroplated;

[0036] The bridging plate is provided between the bottoms of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets;

[0037] A U-shaped plate is provided between the tops of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets;

[0038] The rib plate is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate and is used to fix the U-shaped plate and connect the conductive copper plate;

[0039] The conductive copper plate is installed on the rib plate and is used to connect with the external conductive circuit to achieve smooth conductive function;

[0040] The reinforcing cover plate is installed on the surface of the rib plate and the conductive copper plate to strengthen the structure.

[0041] The materials of the bracket, the strap, the U-shaped plate, the rib plate and the reinforcing cover plate are nickel plates.

[0042] In a second aspect, a welding manufacturing method for a contoured anode tooling for nickel electroplating comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) After cleaning the surfaces of the tooling main body nickel plate (bracket 1, strap 2, U-shaped plate 3, rib plate 4) and the conductive copper plate 5, the groove of the part to be welded is polished. After completion, the tooling strap 2 is placed on the operating table and fixed with a clamp;

[0044] (2) Assemble the bracket 1, U-shaped plate 3, rib plate 4, conductive copper plate 5 and other structural parts in sequence, and use argon arc welding to position and weld them. Arrange 2 to 4 points at each connection part. Grinding is allowed at the assembly welding parts. The two ends of the conductive copper plate must be basically flush, and the relative positions of each structure must be guaranteed according to the markings;

[0045] (3) After the fixture structure is finalized, argon arc welding is used to weld the nickel plate frame welds (bracket 1, strap 2, U-shaped plate 3, rib plate 4) and the nickel plate and conductive copper plate (rib plate 4 and conductive copper plate 5) in the assembly parts of the fixture. The nickel / copper butt welds are welded on both sides in sequence;

[0046] (4) After the welding of the main body of the tooling is completed, the excess height of the weld between the rib plate 4 and the conductive copper plate 5 is lightly polished and cleaned, and then the reinforcing cover plate 6 is assembled, the surface is cleaned and the groove of the fillet weld of the reinforcing cover plate is polished, and argon arc welding is used for positioning welding, and the assembly position is ensured by marking;

[0047] (5) Argon arc welding is used to weld the lap welds between the reinforcing cover plate 6, the rib plate 4 and the conductive copper plate 5.

[0048] In the step (1), the corresponding welding parts of the butt plate 2, the U-shaped plate 3, and the rib plate 4 have single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the single-sided groove angle is required to be 20°~30°. The butt weld between the rib plate 4 and the conductive copper plate 5 has a double-sided V-shaped groove, and the single-sided groove angle is required to be 20°~30° on the nickel plate side and 45°~60° on the copper plate side, and the blunt edge is 0mm~0.5mm.

[0049] In the step (2), the tack welding adopts a Φ2.4mm-Φ3.2mm tungsten electrode, an assembly gap of 0mm-0.5mm, a pure nickel welding wire, and a tack welding current of 120A±10A.

[0050] In the step (3), pure nickel welding wire is used for argon arc welding, with a diameter of Φ3mm to Φ4mm, a welding current of 180A±10A, an angle of 30° to 40° between the welding gun and the welding wire and the substrate during the argon arc welding of the nickel plate, an angle of 80°±5° between the welding gun and the substrate during the argon arc welding of the nickel / copper butt weld, and an angle of 15°±5° between the welding wire and the substrate. During the welding process, the arc height is controlled to be 0.5mm to 1mm, the distance between the welding wire and the molten pool is controlled to be 0mm to 1mm, the argon gas flow rate during the welding process is 15L / min to 20L / min, single-sided single-pass forming is performed, and then the back side welding is completed.

[0051] In the step (4), a single-sided V-shaped welding groove is used, the groove on one side of the reinforcing cover plate 6 is 10° to 20°, the blunt edge is 0mm to 0.5mm, and the positioning welding uses a Φ2.4mm to Φ3.2mm tungsten electrode, pure nickel welding wire, and a positioning welding current of 140A±10A.

[0052] In the step (5), the argon arc welding uses pure nickel welding wire with a diameter of Φ3mm~Φ4mm, a welding current of 200A±10A, an angle of 30°~40° between the welding gun and the welding wire and the reinforcing rib nickel plate, an arc height of 0.5mm~1mm, a distance between the welding wire and the molten pool controlled at 0mm~1mm, and an argon gas flow rate of 15L / min~20L / min.

[0053] In the solution provided in the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the contoured anode tooling structure, where the main frame (bracket 1, lap plate 2, U-shaped plate 3, rib plate 4) is a pure nickel plate, and a conductive copper plate 5 (~4mm thick) is butted at the rib plate, where the copper plate is connected to the anode through a copper wire to play a conductive role, and above the nickel / copper butt structure is a nickel plate reinforcement cover plate 6 lap structure (~6mm thick) to play a strengthening effect. All welds are formed in a single layer to reduce the large heat input of multi-layer welding.

[0054] The specific welding process is as follows:

[0055] (1) Clean the surface of all parts to be welded, grind the single-sided V-shaped groove of the nickel plate / nickel plate frame to be welded, with a groove angle of 30°, and grind the double-sided V-shaped groove of the conductive copper plate / nickel plate to be welded, with a groove angle of 30° on one side of the nickel plate and a groove angle of 45° on the other side of the copper plate, with a blunt edge of 0.5 mm.

[0056] (2) Assemble and position the nickel plate frame according to the attached figure, then assemble and position the conductive copper plate, and grind to ensure that the assembly gap is 0.5 mm. Use Φ3.2 mm tungsten electrode, pure nickel welding wire, diameter Φ3 mm, and positioning welding current 120 A for argon arc welding.

[0057] (3) Use Φ3.2mm tungsten electrode, pure nickel welding wire, diameter Φ3mm, welding current 180A, weld the nickel plate frame weld, the welding gun and welding wire are at an angle of 40° with the reinforcing rib nickel plate, and then complete the welds on both sides of the nickel plate / conductive copper plate in sequence, the welding gun and the base plate are at an angle of 80°, the welding wire and the base plate are at an angle of 20°, the arc height is 1mm, the welding wire is in contact with the molten pool, and high-purity argon gas protection is used with a gas flow rate of 20L / min.

[0058] (4) Clean and polish the part of the reinforced cover to be welded. The V-shaped groove angle on one side of the nickel plate is 20°, without blunt edges. The argon arc welding uses Φ3.2mm tungsten electrode, Φ3mm pure nickel welding wire, and the positioning welding current is 140A.

[0059] (5) TIG welding of nickel plate / nickel plate and nickel plate / copper plate lap welds, using Φ3.2mm tungsten electrode, pure nickel welding wire, diameter Φ3mm, welding current 210A, welding gun and welding wire with reinforcing rib nickel plate at an angle of 40°, arc height 1mm, welding wire in contact with molten pool, high-purity argon gas protection, gas flow rate 20L / min.

[0060] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0061] The contents not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belong to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating, characterized in that: include: There are four brackets, arranged in pairs facing each other, and each bracket is tilted outward at a certain angle, and the tilt angle is adjusted according to the surface of the product to be electroplated; The bridging plate is provided between the bottoms of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets; A U-shaped plate is provided between the tops of two brackets arranged face to face and is used to connect and fix the brackets; The rib plate is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate and is used to fix the U-shaped plate and connect the conductive copper plate; The conductive copper plate is installed on the rib plate and is used to connect with the external conductive circuit to achieve smooth conductive function; The reinforcing cover plate is installed on the surface of the rib plate and the conductive copper plate to strengthen the structure.

2. A profiling anode tool for nickel electroplating according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the bracket, the strap, the U-shaped plate, the rib plate and the reinforcing cover plate are nickel plates.

3. A welding manufacturing method for a contoured anode tooling for nickel electroplating according to claim 2, characterized in that: include: After cleaning the surfaces of the nickel plates and the conductive copper plates, grind the grooves of the parts to be welded. After completion, place the lap plate on the operating table and fix it with a clamp. Assemble the bracket, strap, U-shaped plate, rib plate and conductive copper plate, and perform positioning welding; grinding is allowed at the assembly welding parts, and the two ends of the conductive copper plate are flush, and the relative positions of each structure are guaranteed according to the markings; After the tooling structure is finalized, the nickel plate frame welds at the assembly locations between the bracket, the slat, the U-shaped plate, and the rib plate, the welds between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate, and the welds between the nickel plate and the conductive copper plate, including the butt welds of the nickel and copper materials, are welded on both sides in sequence; After the welding of the main body of the tooling is completed, the excess height of the weld between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate is polished and cleaned, and then the reinforcing cover plate is assembled, the surface is cleaned and the groove of the fillet weld of the reinforcing cover plate is polished, and positioning welding is performed, and the assembly position is marked to ensure; Weld the reinforcing cover plate, rib plate and conductive copper plate lap welds to complete the welding and manufacturing of the tooling.

4. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The groove grinding of the part to be welded comprises: The corresponding welding parts of the lap plate, U-shaped plate and rib plate have single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the single-side groove angle is required to be 20°~30°; The butt weld between the rib plate and the conductive copper plate has a double-sided V-shaped groove. The single-sided groove angle is required to be 20°~30° on the nickel plate side and 45°~60° on the copper plate side, and the blunt edge is 0mm~0.5mm.

5. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The assembly welding part is allowed to be ground, and the assembly gap after grinding is 0mm-0.5mm, the diameter of the tungsten electrode used for manual argon positioning welding is Φ2.4mm-Φ3.2mm, the welding wire is pure nickel welding wire, and the positioning welding current is 120A±10A.

6. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for welding the nickel plate frame at the assembly position between the bracket, the strap, the U-shaped plate and the rib plate is to adopt argon arc welding.

7. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tungsten electrode used in the argon arc welding has a diameter of Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, and a pure nickel welding wire with a diameter of Φ3mm~Φ4mm is used. The welding current is 180A±10A, and single-pass forming is performed. After the rib plate and the conductive copper plate are welded on one side, the back side is welded. Argon gas protection is used during the welding process, and the gas flow rate is 15L / min~20L / min.

8. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the argon arc welding of the nickel plate, the angle between the welding gun and the welding wire and the base plate is 30°~40°. During the argon arc welding of the nickel and copper material butt weld, the angle between the welding gun and the base plate is 80°±5°, and the angle between the welding wire and the base plate is 15°±5°. During the welding process, the arc height is controlled to be 0.5mm~1mm, and the distance between the welding wire and the molten pool is controlled to be 0mm~1mm.

9. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding and reinforcement of the cover plate corner weld groove includes: the corner joint structure grinding requires a single-sided V-shaped groove, the groove on one side of the nickel plate reinforcement rib is 10°~20°, and the blunt edge is 0mm~0.5mm to ensure that the end faces of the overlapping structure are in close contact. The diameter of the tungsten electrode used for manual argon positioning welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, the welding wire is pure nickel welding wire, and the positioning welding current is 140A±10A.

10. The welding manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for welding the lap welds of the reinforcing cover plate, the rib plate and the conductive copper plate is argon arc welding; the diameter of the tungsten electrode used for argon arc welding is Φ2.4mm~Φ3.2mm, pure nickel welding wire is used, the diameter of the welding wire is Φ3mm~Φ4mm, the welding current is 200A±10A, the welding gun and the welding wire are biased towards the reinforcing rib nickel plate, the angle is 30°~40°, the arc height is controlled to be 0.5mm~1mm during the welding process, the distance between the welding wire and the molten pool is controlled to be 0mm~1mm, argon gas protection is used, and the gas flow rate is 15L / min~20L / min.

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